DEATH
RATE
AMONG
BABIES
OF
PORTLAND
DECREASED ONE HAL
F
Pure Milk Campaign of Few
Years Ago Bears Fruit in
Lessened Infant Mortality,
By MarehallN. Dan.
Tooss who boasted PcwUn4'S pure
ureter ana health-giving climate prU
vtly wondered why so many babies
died. The population was above the ev.
raft In Intelligence i no cause In nature
eoulq be held to blew.
But over on larrebee atreet a little
woman wept in a cottage home. A
dtminutiv white hears had tlvat day
taken her first born far from the reach
of her straining arm. On the death
reeorda at the etty hall the physiolaa
wrote, "Cause of dearth .bad milk."
mm Cornell road cam a dairyman
blunderingly to ask the explanation of
a thing hie putiled, slow-moving mind
could not understand. A oew of hie was
aeting atrangely and four eats that had
drunk her milk becama very thin "like
atlcka," he said then died. Aa be got
up to go he remembered, too, that his
little girl shared aome of the milk "with
the oata and had sickened. This con
waa one of twelve whose milk sold in
the lty furnished a living to Ills house
hold. He waa genuinely worried for
fear that he waa about to lose the
oows, the more eo because the state
official, the dairy and food commis
sioner, had said that perhaps the cow
had tuberculosis the dairyman stum
bled on the long, strange word but
that'lO per cent of the cows in Oregon
hgd the disease and the milk from
thm didn't hurt children any.
Advice like this hadn't cured the cow,
K0 the dairyman had com to tell Tho
Journal about it and ask what waa the
reason the people elected an official,
paid htm a large salary out of small
Incomes, and then could get no help
front him.
Pure Milk Tight Xa Begun.
This was In the fall of 1909. The
Journal began trying to find an answer
to the dairyman's question. It was the
beginning of a fight (or pure milk and
against vicious ignorance In public of
fice and waged hotly a long time, and
1 not yet ended.
The death records of that time had
ettrtllng news for worried mothers. One
of every three babies in Portland waa
dying because of bad milk. The rate
was higher than in Chicago, with its
torrid summer, or New York, with its
frightful congestion of human Ufa, But
the dairy eemmlaaioner, J. W. Bailey,
answered, aaylaft
"Everybody tn Portland la drinking
milk from tubercular cows. Look at
the dirtiest and filthiest dairies you can
find and you'll find that the children
who drink that milk are the healthiest
and strongest ever. The papers have
no business talking about such things.
They do a positive wrong when they
stir people up about the milk supply."
. From this same oracle there later
came the assertion: "Take 10 gallons
of milk from tubercular cews; feed five
gallons to pigs and they'll die, feed the
rett to babies and they'll grow fat."
It la of great Interest to run
over tho record of the pur milk cam
paign which The Journal carried on.
From the beginning It could not be
MEMBERS OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE IN CHARGE OF PORTLAND MILK SHOW
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Seated, left to rlht Mra. R. H. Tate. Mrs. F. 8. Myers, Mrs. C. F. Nichols, Mrs. H. M. Bransford, Dr. M. V. Madlgan and Miss Emma E Grlttlnger.
8Undluf, left to right R. C. Hall, A. S. Wells, E. C. Calloway, Marshall N. Dana, O. M. Plummer, George Shepherd, Professor E. G. Pernot. Dr.
Sommer, Julius Meier, Dr. M. B. Marcellus.
HEALTH OF PUBLIC IS
DEPENDENT UPON THE
INSPECTION OF DAIRIES
doubted but that this campaign was for
the protection of that tnomg of helpless
ones who deserved a Chance to live.
"Otle organisation after another swung
into the campaign. One startling revtl
atlon succeeded another. The Journal's
automobile spent half days on country
roads and with test and pictures made
all who would read familiar with thu
facts.
Tlie city health department reorgan
ised to aid the fight. New ordinance
were passed to bar from the city the
horrof of diseased milk. The stt
board of health held a special eight
hour session In Pendleton, came to Port
land, investigated. Joined the fiaht. The
secretary, Dr. Robert C. Yenney. big
brained, bigger hearted, aat In consul
tation with othera in the campaign hour
after hour while the elty slept, etrenth
enlng armament to overcome diseaae
and dirt and ignorance and to save
little Uvea.
The Conauiuera' league committee
was headed byvaa Indefatigable worker
afid commander. Mrs. A. B. Rockey,
whose devotion and bravery supplied
inspiration and courage to many who
would otherwise have faltered and given
up.
The Chamber of Commerce, through
Its president, William McMaster, Joined
the crusade, as did many other organ
izations and individuals, and in this Hat
the physicians' societies must not be
forgotten.
All of this seems a good while ago.
A dispatch from Washington had said
that Oregon waa ranked a year behind
her sister state, Washington, tn the
matter of dairy development and milk
supply. The intelligent dairymen had
already realized this and they welcomed
regulation. Dirt and disease, they
found, walked hand in hand, slaughter
ing cows as well as babies, reduolng the
value of Investment as well as making
the patropage of an enlightened public
harder to get. The law forbidding the
sale of milk from cows not found by
test to be free trt tuberculosis, at
first opposed, la now supported by the
very dairymen who opposed It, aa they
see a disease that had ruined ten per
cent of the cows rapidly being eradi
cated. From the health office of the
city there come proud charts showing
how the milk supply has Improved,
how the death rata among babies less
than two years of age has been cut kS
per cent, how Portland ranks excellently
with other cities. And now there Is
to be a city milk show to record ac
complishments. A competent dairy commissioner who
was a practical dairyman, who hates
and abhors the expensive, unclean
methods, who isn't afraid to voice his
dlsgUHt of the unseemly, and who
studies dally to make his work more ef
ficient, Is carrying on the work of that
office. He is J. D. Mlckle.
But the campaign lan-t over. The
educational campaign among dairymea
must be oontinuoua, but not less so than
among distributors of milk. Eternal
vigilance Is the price of pure milk.
KNOWLEDGE OF FOOD
VALUES IS ESSENTIAL
Instruction In Public Schools
Includes Training in What
to Eat,
By L. R. Alderman.
Superintendent of Public Schools.
In training children, one of the most
difficult things to determine is what
will prove to be most useful to them.
Many things taught In the public
aohoola are of doubtful value, but of
th worth of knowledge concerning the
proper care of food there can be no
question, for as long as we live we
must consume food, and a largo ma
jority ot people have something to do
with the preparation or care of food.
Believing that the natural life of
a girl is that of the home, we have in
mind a course for the high schools that
will give our girla apeolal instruction
In the science and art of home making.
General ignorance In thia matter is
not complimentary to our publle instruc
tlon, and prospective plana for the
Portland public schools Include the
teaching, in a practical way, the proper
care of food as well as the manner of
Its preparation, which Is now taught
in our domestio science classes.
Captain January said. "The two
things necesHary to bring up a baby
are common sense apd a eow." But
common sense Is frequently lacking
when applied to the products of the
cow, and aa the bringing up of babies
is a very vital factor in the making
of a home, instruction as to the proper
manner of caring for milk should re
ceive Kpecial attention, since probably
there Is no one article of food which
deteriorates more rapidly and Is pro.
ductlve of mora disease when not prop
erly cared for than is milk.
Milk, produced under hygienic condl.
tlons, is often rendered very unwhole
some by improper treatment after it
reaohes tho home. I am quite sure
that we shall soon realise, better than
ever before the great deterioration
which takes place In milk even under
the best conditions. Milk la Intended
to be consumed Immediately after its
production, and the- care which renders
it fit for future use ia a very delicate
matter. -I feel certain that the neces
sity for this care and the best manner
of exercising It will be deeply im
pressed upon the minds, not only of a
great many of our school children who
attend the milk show, but of the gen
eral public.
Pure Milk From Clean Cows
Essential; Cooperation of
Producer Is Sought.
By 9. D. Mlckle, Dairy and Food
Commissioner.
Heallatng the responsibility placed In
out hands in relation to public health
we have eome te the oonolusion that the
guarding of Oregon's milk aupply from
the eow to the consumer la our highest
and greatest task.
Milk contain all the easentlala of a
perfeot ration, protelda, carbohydrates,
fata, lnorganta aalta and water. It la
easily digested and constitutes an im
portant food for the sick and convales
cent, of even greater importance la its
use aa a substitute for mother's milk in
infant feeding. It oan be aeen there
fore that the weak and sick, the ones
who most depend upon It, are the ones
lets able te wlthatand the effecta of lm
purltlea. Time and again It haa been brought
to our attention, even In our own healthy
state, that epidemics have come through
thla source, causing sickness and death.
These facta are ao pertinent to our pub
lic health that It challenges our best
endeavors to atama out the eauae.
It ia a fast that aood healthy cows
give healthy milk; It la therefore our
first concern In thla work for Inspectors
to positively see that all animals are
healthy, free from all disease, and that
they have been subjected to the tubercu
lin test. After having established pri
marily that a pure article comes from
the cow there are three cardinal points
which have to be met. cleanliness, oold
and speedy transportation from the cow
to the consumer. For carrying out
these conditions it ia necessary on the
part of the dairyman and milk dealer ta
exercise Intelligence and care.
Cooperation Za Bought.
Oregon being a sparsely settled state,
the legislature has not seen Ita way te
allow the proper number of inspectors
to cover the territory aa often as is de
sired; however by a policy of cooperation
with city and town officials throughout
the utate we have beeji able to extend
the scope of our work ao that each sec
tion of the state has Us milk supply In
spected and tested. The city of Protland
now baa an efficient health board, and
we think better milk ia now being used
in Portland than any other etty of the, ,
also In the eauntry.-i.-A-c'W. .KVl;.
It la our policy to demand that all
milk, uaed in Oregon coma from titan
eow, whioh ara houaea tn anitery ta
bles, handled py. clean healthy people,
nd the milk kept in clean utensils,
eoolad to aa low temperature gg the
water n the farm will Uew.
Laatly. we urge the oulokest trans
portation front eow ot coneumer. ;
Our .efforts to carry out these Plana
have met with hearty cooperation from
tho farmer and milk producer In most .
cases. By a system af scoring, the far- ,
rner is ahowg the weak points la the op
eration of hi farm and Inatrueted In
the beat possible methods t make Ma
dairy sanitary. We aim to bring oioaer
relationship between producer and con
sumer so that each will understand the
difficulties to be overcome In producing'
pur milk and will therefor cooperate. '
By means of oow testing associations
which we eneourege whenever possible'
we instruct the farmer in the matter f '
a business management of hi farm. By
keeping a record of each cow, the ani
mals making a profit are separated frm
tho which are milked at a loss, and
th poor one can therefore b disposed '
of. '- - -
Thlrty-fW carloads of butter and if
carloads of cheese wer shipped into
Oregon from east of th Rocky Mua
tains during 1)12,
WE ARE NOT IN THE
HABIT OF AD
VERTISING BUT
W r proud of our "tcom
Siven by the atit and city
airy inspectors, and want th
public to know it.
UNDER THE MOST
RIGID INSPECTION
Our herd of cows score perfect.
And we score perfect for cleaa
food. This means pure, whole
some mill;, rich and fresh, from
our dairy to you every day.
DO IT NOW!
Telephone Main 9509
Daily Delivery
CITY VIEW DAIRY
3
The Oregon Independent Testing Laboratory
of
Portland, Oregon
Phone Main 9405 Third at Yamhill St.
A Commercial Laboratory Operating Our Exclusive
MILK-TESTING SECTION
Ysear Milkman Knows Us. Arthur L. Tribe, Mgr.
Consign Your Stock
TO
F. C. SHAMEY.
LIVE STOCK AND pOMMISSION CO&'
The Pioneer Commission Finn
of the Portland Union Stockyards
AND BE ASSURED OF GOOD SERVICE
T. C. Benson, cattle salesman.
W, T. Mgtlock, sheep salesman
A. R. Benson, hog; salesman.
J. W. Creath, office.
EEMSO-M
Commission Company
The Largest Live Stock Commission House at
North Portland
Pleasrbcar in mind that each department of our firm
is handled by an Individual member and
his entire time is devoted to
" that department.
That Is tfw REASON why YOU GET RESULTS
When You Ship to Us
rri ro
HONE WOODLAWN 2400
CLOVER HILL FARM
E. L. THOMPSON, Owner
r?.
3k. -
. . i s
Model Stalls, Clover Hill Farms
it k .
f i 1 1 !
1 7 UmZ?--:K77-::immwm wwxx. -W-
I " 'Vi v Pi! t V A . 'J
rp :. i1' . J, ..H M. n t M
Cleansing Bottles with Live, Hot Steam
it
CLEAN MILK IS A HIGHLY VALUABLE FOOD DIRTY MILK IS DEADLY
GET THE CLEAN KIND, KEEP IT COOL AND KEEP IT CLEAN"
The above is the opening paragraph of
the report of Oregon Dairy .and Food Com
missioner J. D. Mickle, for June,- 1913. In
the next paragraph he says: "First of all
let us urge that you exercise extreme care
in the selection of a milkman. Get the
be$t you can. The best is 'none too good.
Look particularly to your milkman's per
sonal appearance. Is he clean? Inspect
his wagon, his milk bottler and the utensils
he carries. Are they clean ? If dirty, don't
patronize him. Never buy milk served
from a can. Buy only bottled milk."
If the Oregon Dairy and Food Commis
sioner, had been attempting to describe the
Clover Hill Farms he could not have more
i nearly described their ideals and their meth
ods. "Get the best you can, the best is
none ioo'good," he says. During the re
cent inspection of dairies along the lines
adopted by the United States Bureau of
Animal Industry, the milk used in Portland
, was scored on the basis of purity and clean
liness of the milk.
The CloverHill Farms of Columbia county
scored highest of all, having a score of 95.3.
This is not to be wondered at, as the Clover
Hill Farm is recognized as the model dairy
of the West. The milk comes from high
grade cows, which are kept under ideal con
ditions. The. stable where they are milked
has no odor whatever. It is sprayed daily,
the cows themselves are sprayed and their
flanks and udders washed before they are
milked, and the same care is given to the
cows as would be given to a string of blue
ribbon race horses. The milkers milk by the
dry-hand, process. They are uniformed.
The milk is milked through sterilized cotton
cloth. It is forced by gravity through a
sterilized cotton filter, cooled and the milk
bo 1 1 1 e s automatically filled, capped and
sealed, then packed in ice and shipped.
From, the time the milk leaves the cow
until it comes to the consumer, it is han
dled by absolutely clean, sanitary methods.
The bottles are cleaned by steam and boil
ing water and ajl utensils are subjected to
the steam bath and dried.
Clover Hill Farms is more than an ordi
nary dairy. It is the practical application of
scientific methods, producing the highest class
of milk under ideal conditions. The cows are
pastured where there are no obnoxious weeds
or polluted water. They are thoroughly in
spected by competent state and government
officials. The cows are kept so clean that
there is no chance for contamination of the
milk. The barns are thoroughly ventilated
and cleaned and the attendants use every
precaution to keep the product at its highest
standard. These safeguards mean additional
cost for production.
The public, who know the danger of im
pure milk, are Klad to pa vl a slif htly in
creased cost to secure certified milk milk
that is guaranteed to be thoroughly pure
and produced under sanitary conditions.
Phone -your orders to the delivery com
pany, Third and Hoyt Streets. Main 3182,
A-1462.