0
PHOTOGRAPHS OF PORTLAND SCHOOL CHILDREN ENGAGED IN GARDEN CULTURE SHOW THEIR JOY, IN THE WORK
Three Ways to Cut Bushes,
Comprehensive : Campaign of
Earth; Education Among
Portland's Young People to
Be Resumed Shortly. ;
.:! According to Results Oe
i sired; but the Pruning Pro
i . cess Is Essential. ;
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL', . PORTLANP, SUNDAY MORNING,' MARCH 21913.
SCHOOL . GKI
COB B
; TO BE CONDUCTED
, :- Written for The Journal, '
By J. A. Currey. ,
The tint to prune roses is her and
' nothing in their cultivation U quit so
essential. During the past two ream.
the Portland Rose society, by means of
paper and lectures, has been endeavor
in? ' to disseminate sclentlflo pruning
: knowledge. Even lectures or a paper,
such as this, cannot set forth 'suffic
iently full all the facts In connection
with pruning, but much has to be left
; to the individual grower who will soon
obtain a wide Knowledge of this Im
portant subject by actual experience.
But as an aid to the beginner, a few
general remarks on pruning will be of
VS4Ue. ".-,' .
Principals of Vmnlsg.
The object of pruning Is three fold as
follows:, First to get a symmetrical or
well shaped bush; secondly, to . secure
plenty and well developed flowers and
thirdly, to remove from the bush all un,
necessary and diseased growths, thus
adding to the strength and, the health
, of the plant Some types of. roses would
, not be Injured If they were not pruned,
Tea roses . wore , left . unpruned they
would soon fall to flower.- The pruning
Of each . type and variety of rose Is
really a matter of individuality of the
plants. WhUi certain varieties or cer.
tain types of roses should be pruned In
the same general way, there are other
varieties of the same type that should
be pruned differently, and while general
directions can be given, the matter will
eventually solve itself If to the exper
ience of the individual grower for he
will soon learn what kind of pruning
produces the best results.
The three general classes of pruning
are known by the terms "hard," "medt
um,H and "little, or light" and as Indi
cated, refer to the amount a bush should
be pruned..
. Time for Pruning,
i '. Nothing Is quite so much disputed
among rosarlans of years of experience
In Portland as to the proper time of
pruning; whether it shall be in the fall,
midwinter or spring, as all seasons
have been tried by' rosarlans who have
been consistent winners at the annual
hows in Portland and each declares his
nuccess due to the time he selected for
bis pruning. It Is probably now a well
accepted theory that the best time for
pruning is In the spring; early in March
preferably. .While early March pruning
js recommenaea oy a strong majority
of rotarlans, experience will eventually
teach, as the grower becomes acquainted
jl - the plant whether the pruning should
be a week earlier or later than the mld
Idle of March.
:' Tools for Craning.
Secateurs, commonly called pruning
hears, should be used for general prun
ing, although there are some rosarlans
Who favor the knife. The shears are
tnuch more convenient to use, especially
0 since In the last few years Improve
ments have been. made In their manu
facture. This is particularly true of a
certain type of foreign made shears,
whioh have a cutting edge on each blade,
thus avoiding the bruising of that part
of the bush not pruned. These shears
are so heavy and strong that they will
.be found available to use on almost any
lse bush, although it is advisable to
bavo a good pruning saw to cut the very
large canes. A bad or worn pair of
shears can do more harm than good to
ev plant, as they will bruise tho shoot,
making it liable to canker or cause
other plant disease. While the shears
will be found safer and handler to use,
a good sharp pruning knife Is also es
sential, for there are frequently times
When it will be difficult to use the
hears. Having the tools In good condi
tion the next point to consider is their
proper use. Every cut should be made
in a slightly slanting position. It is not
advisable to make a straight cut but
the shoot should be cut off close to an
outside bud and in a tapering, or wedge
shaped form.. This will leave a short
cane above where the new shoot will
form. All dead wood on the bush should
be cut back to healthy cane, apd also
all weak growths should be pruned back
to the main stem.
5"
Kara ot Close Pruning.
Hard or close pruning Is lars-elr fol
lowed by rosarlans whose chief delight
is growing blooms for exhibition pur
poses. For this class of pruning all
teas, hybrid perpetual, hybrid teas, and
noisette roses, whose habit is that of a
Vigorous growth, must have all growths
cut away with the exception of from
' four to six canes on a plant and these
remaining canes should be cut back to
a bud pointing outwards and to within
six to eight eyes of the plants. Roses,
only fair and not vigorous growers,
should be pruned in the same way, but
shortened to about four eyes, while
even weaker growers should be cut
pack to as few as two eyes. This Is
truly "hard' pruning, but if you are
working for exhibition roses, It will
pay you for the object of this close j
TWO WAYS TO PRUNE ROSE BUSHES
i '
Left Example ot hard pruning, for. exhibition purposes
y". ktExample el medium pruning, for garden purposes; '
' lfsZZZ T : 7 ' ,; j J , - H . lilt " v :Jvvv5j" ?
I: i . rH AxJ-" , i U r . vr- r I II
, 4 t .J't Iff 'ill . j II
I rjrrii - zjy'r I III 1 1 - 4 y ' i 1 1
V7jITZ1 cVf III if . - i jr t wWt , ?: I
. . ff ni ''fk U Iff
;v -T fa . s ,r f? III at .. U !! t; III
if . jlIML-:.-) c ."1,1 t ;v":: j Sr
: V - g 1 '58.. , . "x U' I At !! " ! s-x! , -.4u, 8
pruning Is to have a bush with only ft
few canes upon It and the Strength of
the plant will go into perfect .blooms.
It is well to remember that In all prim
ing, the center of each plant should be
kept as- open as possible, for it is by
this method that air, light and sun are
admitted to the foliage and a healthy
strong growth is promoted.
If you desire many roses of ordinary
slse, roses for decorating the houses, or
roses to provide masses of color In
the garden, medium pruning should be
followed, and this, no doubt, Is the
type of pruning that moat people will
follow. In medium pruning all weak
growths should be removed, and in the
case of vigorous growers among the
hybrid perpetuals, hybrid teas, teas and
noisette, the strong shoots should be
cut back to eight or 10 eyes, and the
lateral growth, where It occurs, to not
more than three eyes, and preferably
two. Bushes which have only a me
dium vigor, after the weak growths
have been removed, should be out back
to four or five eyes. The grower can
let hla fancy run free as to the number
of strong canes to leave on each plant
bearing in mind only that the center of
the bush must be left open, and to cut
off any shoots that have a tendency to
cross another.
Light Pruning.
Climbers, ramblers, pillar and wichu
ralna roses are about the only roses
that require "light" pruning. There
are other types, such as hybrid. Bour
bons, China and musks, alba, Austrian
briar, etc., and single flowered roses
generally, which also require "light"
pruning, but outside qf the climbers.
ramblers and pillars, few of the other
types are found In the average garden.
Climbing roses of the rambler and
wichuralna families simply require the
removal of the weak and old wood, with
the possible exception of the crimson
rambler, and growers of It advise that
the laterals should be cut to four eyes.
Climbing hybrid perpetuals, climbing
teas and climbing hybrid teas require
very little pruning, merely the trim
ming out of weak wood and the removal
of the unripened tips of the younger
hoots.
Pruning Is an Important factor in
newly planted roses, and no matter
what the type, a good rule that should
be strictly followed la to cut the shoots
well back the first season. The object
of this is to give the plant every poesl
tie chance to make strong, healthy root
growth the first season. It is highly
preferable to suffer the loss of a few
blooms the first year and get a strong
plant that will bring forth magnificent
fine flowers in the years to follow.
Pruning Standard Boses.
As a general rule roses grown as
standards or, as commonly called, "rose
trees," should be pruned as bush or
dwarf roses, this being true of hybrid
perpetuals, hybrid tea, tea and nolsetts
rosea The strong young growth on
vigorous growers should be shortened
moderately, say to 10 or 12 eyes. The
medium sized growth should be Short
ened to four or five eyes, and In both
cases all the weak growths removed.
r 3
FACTS TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN LAYING
PLANS FOR SUCCESSFUL ROSE GARDEN
Position, soil and drainage are first
considerations in planning a rose gar
den, says one of Portland's best known
rosarlana
"Everyone knows," he commented,
"that -roses love light and sun and it
is wise to recommend a south and west
location, as a general rule. Care must
be exercised In the variety of roses to
be planted. No experienced grower
would recommend a full southwest ex
posure of all varieties. The majority of
yellow rosea fade quickly If subjected
to a continuous south and west sun and
should have protection from the hot rays
In the middle of the day. The same
applies to a number of red roses and
to many ot the pastel tints, but all
these facts are learned during the culti
vation of the individual rose,
"Roses do not like cold, damp ground
and should have drainage of the moat
perfect kind obtainable.
"The best soil for roses Is a strong,
black, andy loam, and especially if over
CKAS. P. McDOTTOAXXs
President and Manager.
Pacific Landscape Gardening Co.
There is no work too large or too small fpr
us. Our work is absolutely guaranteed,
done right by practical, experienced men.
We will make a contract to do tne work
on your grounds for a month or year. All
our work is under the supervision of compe
tent Landscape Architects. We solicit an
opportunity of quoting on your require
Success With Flowers
depends more on PKOPER PLANT
ING and 0 ARE, than on selection.
Better Gardening
IS OUR BUSINESS. Our stock of
plants is the most reliable for all buyers
to choose from. Arrangements for
flower gardens are best made with V
THE SWISS FLORAL CO.
BECAUSE we plant them right and
suggest only those kinds that give sat
isfaction to all buyers. Both phones
and delivery.; GREENHOUSES lo
cated two blocks north of Broadway
cars on Seventh St. One block cast of
-Union-a venue-on-Hancbek-street. -
PHONES, EAST
a subsoil of gravel or some other porous
stratum. The yellow clay found in many
portions of western Oregon Is frequently
found very good.
"All sou should be of a nature that Its
particles may be as loose as possible.
Thomson should be well broken to a
depth of at least tWo feet
"October and November are the best
months for setting out roses. Much of
the Portland planting, however, is in
February or March. The hole in which
the rose is planted . should be at least
six inches deep. The tips of the roots
should be cut away and any bruised
roots out off. The plant should be
dipped In a bucket of water and the
roots so placed as to be horizontal and
touching each other as little as possi
ble. Some of the finest soil available
should next be sprinkled over the roots,
lust covering them. Over this light
covering place three Inches more soil,
which may then be trodden in and the
hole filled up. Tread the aoll firmly
round the plant when this has been
dona"
Offiot 515 BothchlU Bldg.
Phono Marshall 8308.
5370, C-1514.
1 g ' K "
1 Prize winner in last year's school garden contest
2 Saturday fun for the boys and girls-of an East Bide neighborhood.
8 School children clearing a prospective garden plot Of the winter ac
cumulation of rubbish.
4 Preparing the earth for the seed.
5 A busy colony of juvenile gardeners. .
mm ' ljwl. ...fin i mm
ii :
t.'r.r."
Maples, Elms, Horse Chestnuts,
Catalpas, Birches, Mountain Ash, Etc.
c ft
Nothing adds more to fine home districts than well-selected Street Trees. They add grace and charm to
the finest architecture, hide bare or open places, keep dust out, and give finishing touches to the City Beau
tiful. I offer best varieties of MAPLES, ELMS, HORSE CHESTNUTS, CATALPAS, BIRCHES,
MOUNTAIN ASH, and others, in large sizes, that will give immediate effects, at from 75c -to $1,50 each,
according to size. . ' ,
GON GRAPE,
I am not
the result of
No Agents or
Canvassers. I sell
"direct ancTsavi
you tho Com
' mission.
jf. -r.r
- ii v
In my own Nurseries, near Durham and Tualatin, and on Columbia " bottlmrd,"
near the Vancouver car line, I grow an immense assortment of RHODODENDRONS,'
KALMIAS or MOUNTAIN LAUREL, AZALEAS, CAMELLIAS, HOLLY, ORE
and other broad-leaf Evergreens, as
LILACS, SNOWBALLS, SPlREAS, HYDRANGEAS, etc. My stock of ROSES is un.
equalled, quality the very best, prices the lowest
AND CREEPERS, FRUIT AND NUT TREES AND
merely, a dealer, but am the largest GROWER in the Pacific Northwest
of Hardy Ornamental Nursery Stock. My handsome
ee:Sliriibs:.Vina:and-PlanfsN
27 years' experience in growing nursery stock right here in .Portland is '
free for the asking.
Phone SundayMain 4219, A-1452 Do It Now
V'v nurseryman:
24G MAIN STREET PORTLAND, OREGON
Fifteen thousand Portland boys and
arlrla will cardan In vacant lata and
back vards this vear.V ' ''v-':,!
. Their work will be an educational fea
ture formally approved by the school
board and directed by the superintend- ;
ents, principals, teachers and the gar .
den contest league whose membership is L
made' up of business men and women
The . interest instinctively taken In
dollars worth of prises for those who
excel will furnish double inoentlve to :
the gardeners. )
Several schools will enter competition '
for state and national prizes which have
been offered. Woodlawn school won a
national prise last year. ..,.!.,
Last year 10,000 boys and girls In ;
the schools entered the competition as
organised by a committee of business
men. Some grew weary before the season"
ended but there were enough who per
severed to almost literally , fill the
Armory with the exhibit which was the
feature of the last day of the Rose
Festival.
Business organizations contributed '
cash, the retail merchants gave mer
chandise orders in varying amounts, and
business men contributed time. Thus
the work was supported. In each dls- .
trlct an advisory committee of men and -women
co-operated with principals and,
teachers In encouraging the contestants.
In showing them how to work, and, at
the end, in Inspecting the 7000 or more
gardena The best six gardens In each'
district were then examined by a com
mittee of experts consisting of State
Bupennienaeni Aiainuu, uirnoior xiet
zel of the O. A. C extension division
Ralph R. Boutledge and O. M. Plummer
of Portland. ...
Trained Agriculturist la Charge. '., ,
This year organization will be along
much the same lines, It Is announced,
except that a trained agriculturist will
be elected by this garden contest league
to serve as executive and active head
of the campaign. As the season Is a
little more backward than last year
It has not been thought advisable to
press the organization as early.
As a result of last year's contest Port
land was advertised In hundreds of east
ern communities. Moving pictures of
the children at work In their gardena
were exhibited before thousands of peo
ple by the Pathe Weekly company. Calls
came to the Commercial club for pho--tographs
showing the gardena A great
number of publications used stories de
scriptive of the campaign and its re
sults. The president of the league was
called upon to furnish the plan of or
ganization to cities In a number of
other state's.
Children themselves wrote letters af
ter the contest was over telling of
their appreciation for what had been
done in their Interest They had not
only won prizes but had received train-
la tea fVi v ar1anMA t eutfll lrr1llAtlnn
which Is being found of great value.
Interested for the first time In earth
education, a number of families left
the city and moved on farms. (
Consoling.
From the New York Sun.
Adam heard them blame the cost of :
living on the middle man.
"The only thing they don't blame on
the first man." he thankfully observed.
For telephone users a novelty is a
table to hold an instrument its top
being covered with glass, beneath which
is an alphabetical tablet for frequently
used telephone numbers, a stool being
hinged to the table so that It can be '
swung under it when not in use.
i
'v
Eacli
well as Flowering Shrubs, such as
PERENNIAL PLANTS, VINES
VINES in, full assortment
Booklet,
Call at CITY
SALES YARD,
corner SECOND
-AND MAIN-?
"Streets, where
full assortment ef
stock is cstri" L