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: THE OREGON t SUNDAY JOURNAL. PORTLAND, SUNDAY" "MORNING. AUGUST 4, 1912.
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FAR OFF RUSSIA
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j Government Organizes System
;" That Aids Education of the
i f Peasants and Encourages
-r-Thenr in Saving Habits.
) .Washington, Aug. S.-Even in remote
( Siberia and Turkestan has the farmers'
Cooperative credit system reared a fln-
Uncial fabric to assist the peasant farm
tt of the Russian czar's domain. The
State department has just received from
Ambassador Curtis Guild at St. Peters
burg an exhaustive report on the farm
ers' cooperative credit system in Russia.
Thla is the first of a series of reports
requested fcy President Taft from nearly
every one of tho diplomatic officers in
Europe on this movement which he is
striving to transplant to this country
for the benefit of the American farmer.
Ambassador Guild's report has been
taken under consideration by the state
Aepartment as the first step In prepar
ing a plan to fit the cooperative credit
Idea to American conditions.
I -. At the present time the Russian gov
ernment has nearly $40,000,000 of gov
ernment money invested Jn the farmers'
cooperative credit system, which is per
haps the strongest testimonial of all as
te tho success of, the movement among
Russian farmers and of the great bene-
Jfit90ffWch.JtJs .brlnKliieJta.that nation,.
t Tot Wadding and Funerals.
iHo established a part of the Rus
sian peasant's life this financial ma
chine Is becoming Is clearly shown in
the practice of the peasants to deposit
their savings with ' the credit societies
on tbe understanding that the deposits
fwlll!ba paid out after their death 'for
their funeral expenses or that they will
be returned to them at the time of the
coming: of of a son or the marriage
of a daughter.
I 'The cooperative movement among
Russian peasants has now developed
two distinct alms: First to educate the
peasants, a, large proportion of whom
are quite illiterate, along the lines of
modern farming; and, secondly, to en
courage them to save their earnings and
acquire the habit of providing against
the rainy days. The direct aim of the
Russian government In organizing this
system was to relieve the peasant from
the necessity of paying exorbitant and
ruinous rates of interest, imposed upon
.hem.by their money lenders, the rates'
eften-running as high as 60 and, in
lnown cases, to 240 per cent, ,
i,'. Education In Finance.
IS. The piovement affords further edluoa
tlon for the peasant since the Russian
government has very wisely left the
management or. tne-societies rargoly to
the hands of the' farmers themselves,
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'conducted through the general meetings
of the societies, In which every mem
ber of the society is., given one vote.
The peasant is thus given 'considerable
experience In financial affairs and man
agement. The members elect a board
'of directors and a council. These bodies
,take care of the executive .work. They
report to the general Meetings of the
Societies, at which all the members are
present, The government exercises su
pervision over the societies through the
Iminlstry of finance.
!-Although instituted as late as 1895,
the movement has spread in Russia to
jjnclude 10,000 farmers' societies, with
jan average membership In each society
cf nearly S00. The network Of societies
jepvera practically the entire Immense
larea of the Russian emDlre. Wldeanr&.i
interest Is taken In the movement, both I
by the Russian government and by. tho
latter societies are adapted to the
poorer and more sparsely settled com
munities. 1
Method of Formation .
The management of - all tho societies
Is placed under tho control of the
ministry of. finance and Is directly su
pervised by a department of the state
bank. When a group of 20 or more
individuals wishes to form a cooper
ative loan society a petition to that
effect is presented to the government
A government inspector 'then makes a
personal Investigation of the responsi
bility of the signers of the petition
and of the value of their land, t'pou
his- recommendation the government
grants the society a loan of one to three
thousand rubles ($500 to $1500) for o
period of 13 years, at an Interest rate
of 5 per cent, payable annually. This
loan serves as the foundation capital
of the society.
For its working capital the state
bank is' authorized by the government
to lend money to tho society upon ap
plication. The amount of the loan from
the state bank depends upon the num
ber of members in the societyj their
aggregate wealth, etc.. but Is not' re
stricted to any one amount, and gen
erally varies from between $1000 to
$1500 and $25,000 to $50,000.
Tho state bank loan Is at the same
rate of Interest as the government
loan i. e., 5 per cent but is made for
a , short time only, usually for 12
months.4 Besides the foundation capi
tal from the government and the loans
from the state bank, the societies may
obtain other loans from banks or In
dividuals, usually at from 6 to 10 per
cent interest. Savings deposits are re
ceived by the societies. The average
society begins . business with a total
capital that Is, both foundation and
working capital of from $4000 to $6000.
tl Is then in a position to make loans
to Its members, who are responsible to
, the society.
r Borrowing- of Funds; ; -
These loans are of three kinds: (1)
Arts and Science building, rapidly nfarln,)mpletlon, Reed college,
Carnegie Structure .to Cost
$12,000 Hotel Building
New School.
. Architect HE.' McClaren has pre
pared preliminary drawings for the.
projected Carnegie library building to
be erected at-Oregon -City. The design
shows a .one story brick , building, $9
by 83 feet in dimensions, with a full
cement basement. It Is to be of the
classic type of architecture with , a
pressed brick front' and a number of
large plate glass windows. " The esti
mated cost of the building Is $12,500.
Plans for a three story hotel building
of reinforced concrete construction to
be erected at Tillamook have been pre;
pared In the offices of a local architect.
Those used for current expenses for a
term of not more than one year; (2)
those used for the purchase of affTOflV
4tral machinery, horses, etc., up to
three years; and (8) those used in ag
ricultural Improvements, irrigation
worksi eta, which run, generally for
five years.
Loans, Jo members usually bear an
Interest rate of 8 per cent to 12 per
cent On the small loans, up to $150,
no other guaranty Is required of the
borrower than his personal word or
that of another responsible individual.
Where security Is given on the land'or
the farm products of the debtor the
farmer may borrow as high as $5000.
In case of failure of crops or other
misfortune coming- to the borrower an
extension cf time Is granted him In
which to repay his loan, and when the
harvest Is not good In any district the
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HA DELTA
LANDS YIELDING
JARGEJfflNS
Berry Crop Near Everett,
Wash., Brings $600 an
Acre Lands Selling $550
an Acre Diking System.
ieM&nt.Maj:hexg.Yernm
jiroeeni ume conquering a runner eiao
oration of the scheme,
h; OonalUons Are Different
-In studying the Russian cooperative
I er edit system from the viewpoint of the
j American farmer, Ambassador Guljd
iflnda that naturally the great difference
obtaining between conditions In the
!vU.-v4 States and In Russia, In regard
to the amount of land farmed by indl--tVldualSr-the
system of land tenure, the
wealth of the farming class, and In the
general facility for borrowing money,
makes It Impossible for this Country to
secure much benefit from a study of the
Russian system beyond Its general prin
ciples. jr. For example, the average loan re
quired by the farmer in Russia does not
( exceed $60 and Is generally employed to
purcnase some article necessary at the
Moment, such as an agricultural Imple
ment or a horse, the loan being repaid
Wtke ' Russian farmer immediately
arter tne aarvesi. ur course, the Amer
ican farmer, who works a much larger
leniency to the society for the repay
ment of Its loan.
In the societies of small credit the
Initial loan from the government, made
for 13 years, is repaid by reserving 60
per cent of the society's net earnings
as a reserve fund. This Is done only In
times when the society has had a pros
perous year, but, so far, prosperity
for the societies has proved almost the
I invariable rule. In the same way the
loans savings associations put aside 10
per cent for th repayment of loans,
and a dividend, not exceeding 6 to 10
per cent, is than paid to Its depositors.
BROKER IN BURGLARIES
IS SOUGHT BY POLICE
Dormitory Reed college; fine type of Old English architecture.
. . T
What to Buy, When to Buy, HqwioBuy
By John M. Osklson.
Whal to buy, when to buy, how to
by, and how to judge an Investment:
Here are the points for the one with
money to plant to consider.
What to Buy Consider nothing which
has no establlsedvalue wjilch you
cOuIHrv't sell again with a reaaona'W"
effort at no loss of principal. Viu
you buy as an Investment (not us a
speculation), therefore, ought to 'have
a ready market.
When to Buy Whenever you havrt
Idle money which is not earning as
much as It will pay you If put Into se
curities Jhat meet the test suggested
in the preceding paragraph.
How to Buy Pay for your securities
outright if you possibly can. If you
canX and are sure of a steady Income
which will enable you to set aside a
regular amount weekly or monthly, you
may Invest on the periodical payment
plan. But of you do this, he sure that
In case you find it Impossible at any
time to continue the payments, what
with interest. Tor If you have paid
one-fifth of the price of a $1000 bond,
you own Just that much of it and you
should receive the interest on your
equity. It Is the most important in buy
ing real estate, or real estate securi
ties, to provide against losing your in
stallment payments ''In case you have
to stop paying them.
How to Judge an Investment Be
sure that the men behind the proposi
tion In which you Invest are successful
and honest; demand full and under-
The structure will be 66 by 71 feet In
size.
Plans have also been drawn In Port
land for a new bank building to be
erected on the site adjoining the pro.
posed hotel by the Tillamook county
bank. Both structures will belong to
the same Interest.
standable reports; don't Imagine you are
making a real Investment if any con
yjU-haya paid wUlita returned Xo- you, I alder'ahle part-of-your money-flnds-ta
(By th International Neiri Service.)
Paris, Aug. J. Montmartre Is being
searched by the police for a German
called Molse, "wanted" In connection
with the bogus burglary at the flat of
M. Bouvler, the bankrupt Jeweler who
acreage, would usually need more money hired a band of thieves to rifle his safe
and longer time. He would require his 1 In order to collect the Insurance on some
loan, not so much for the moment's exl
gency, as for the gradual development
of Ms property.
- . Two Classes of Societies.
Z. In brief. Ambassador Guild reports
e Russian system t be an institution
Sof cooperative loan societies among the
farmers, conducted under governmental
patronage and supervision, by which the
I Jewels. Molse, who calls himself the
j"klng of burglars." was engaged as a
j klnl of "star performer" by a German
now In custody withtwo alleged accom-
! plices.
! The German Is stated, to be a regular
j organizer of burglarfe!, able to lay hl3
i hands at any timo on a socialist for
i some particular branch of work. Un
- A 1.1 I. . . ' "" W V, 1.11. 11UU1C1 ll'T
.jiarmer, ' xo .um-eu. ls given , unil(.rtoolc , alleKP()i to engage a Bpe.
ithe benefit of oans from his society i , , d of burK,ars to dL.nl wlth M
.. . nn Inn sr tlihn anil pasv tpmifi. nnil ut iIia ' . . - .
I . ..... . . . . i Ilouvler s two ton steel safe. Molse was
, jsaine me is permiuea 10 snnre in ins , tele(?raphM fur , c-rmany and cam.:
uC.ly . .mi.vB a.o to Paris for a dny like a theatrical ar-
. OI two Classes u.e loan savings asso- ; Ugte f.I1Ra)eiJ f(. ft p,(,(.lal perform
J"'al'V i ti B,"a'liance. He was duly met at the station
freuii.. i uey aie uuiu tui.ijt'iuiivc, ami
the aim of each ls to lend small amounts
,tO the1 farmers through governmental
" assistance.
,' The difference between the two
. iClasscs Of societies is that the mcni
, Iters of the loan savlnns aHoclalloni
v 'are obliged to make deposits of :i
. rmall amount ln(ordtr to fjrm n re
, serve capital for their society, while
jmembers of the societies of a'niill credit
llo not participate personally In tho
1 formation of their society's capital. Th ;
by his impresario who pot the gang to
work and then discretely retired.
HIGHWAY ROBBERyIs
' RUSE 0PEL0PERS
i Bv the International New BrTlr.)
Berlin. Auk. 3. An elopement under
remarkable circumstances ls reported
fnun Innsbruck, In the Austrian Tyrol.
A German family whs making a carriage
tour round I.nko Toblach. when a young
m;n sudd- nly appearei on the highway,
and, pointing a revolver at the father
demanded that they should
to him their dauKhter, 19
Ke, who was with them.
The terrified parents complied, where
upon the young man fled with the girl
In a motorcar. The father Immediately
notified the police, who are of opinion
raa bj m n n r points
fa M RaAJ Brul 'nother
Im O u IL IV I A 'r.
IAJSO csuea Tetter, Bait KAram, prutt
; tns, SSHk-Ornst, Weeplr Skin, etc)
ECZEMA CAM BE CUKED TO (STAY, Hid
Wbeii I tj etirrd, I rceeu jun ht 1 y
C-lyl-E-ri. .'Th(K nut nifrT rmtih.-il nn for
wUl, to returnore than Iwlur. Uemeni- i .hat ,h Uldnnninir' x nrenrrn,H h.
frr 1 Putt Uiia lro Utemut attr v-ultlug ' .. , , . , .... V ..
,1m rr of my tiin on thu nr rttie and ' tween the girl and tho highwayman,"
handling In tba meantime a uiarter of a niU-; who Is described as a Charlottenburg
llus re ot tlila dreadful dlamt-. Sow, I merchant
. Ao not ear what all f. u have ufd. n ir b i r '
laany eoeiora have teld jou that r..ii e-.uld .
.ri wriM,Ex-conoii king now
ACTS AS BONIFACE
nut If hi win write nie THIiaY. 1
roe FREE TRIAL nf my mild, 'nothing, i
uarantd eur that will eiiiriie v .n ni,,r,.
In a lar than I or auvone c.iil.i in 1
loortk'a tin,. If rm ar dlasnatrd and du-' Boston, Aug. 3. Dan Scully, who
mnraged, I dan jou to five iue a rlmmf t.( cle!nrd up $3,000,000 on tjie New York
Ltn.n!,i! '" r.i? Z't T.'?" n;rot,on "change. In a few months, lost
i H enjer more real enmfft than tiu bud i , . , . . , , , '
, im- ih,,ht tlila ,,rll hot.u f.- un t,,..11' 'w minutes, and vanished from
u it ! ww Mil m I tm eelttw'r -raw Ttwt -t twwHytte w nnw ftinnlnar- bqs1
I""S1 - i" . in a- house at Watch Hill It. I. HIh
firiner Hummer home ls his hostelry.
The UallrtMtm," there Admiral Evans
and othtr guests danced as his guests,
if now a sun parlor for boarders.
At the second annual meeting of the
Columbia Delta Gardener's association,
held at Clatskanle last Tuesday, nearly
100 prosperous farmers and truck gar
deners attended. The meeting was called
primarily for hearing reports from vari
ous members of the association who had
visited similar districts In the northwest
for the purpose of gathering Informa
tion as to tho methods of cultivation
and of m ark et I ng the jtrotl u c t s.
Among other points visited by mem
bers of the association were the dike
lands near Everett, Wash., the Vuyallup
country, the LaConner flats, the govern
mental experiment station at llelling
ham and the White River valley In
Washington. The visiting committee
was composed of J. A. Walgrln and K.
R. Marvin.
Yield 9600 an Aore,
In his report Mr. Walgrln said: "We
found that at Home Acres, hear Ev
erett, the principal crop was berries and
that the annual gross yield per acre was
about $600. These lands sell for about
$650 per acre. Their leves are 20 feet
at the bottom, 10 feet at the top and 10
feet high and are much smaller than
the levees protecting the Columbia
Delta gardens. Pumping there Is car
ried on throughout tho year as they
have not the advantage of the tide In
draining their lands.
From Everett we went to Puyallup
where we found berry growing and po
tatoes to be tho principal crops. At
Puyallup they have a cooperative can
nery and we were told that their prof-
Its this year from the cannery would
pay for It. We also found the Puyallup
country to be good for dairying, one acre
easily supporting a Vow. We visited
the bulb experimental station at ISel
ilngham but wire unable ti ascertain
!f the station had yet proved that bulbs
could be successfully grown in that dlfl
trlct. "From Puyallup, we went to Pacific
City. In the White River valley and
there we found a very -prosperous coun
try. There they grow horseradish, cel
eryi onions, cabbage, cauliflower and
rhubarb, the land producing abundant
ly Land in the White River valley
tells for about $600 an acre."
SUlng; Wins Praise.
Mr. Walgrln reported that the Colum
bia Delta country had "made greater
progress than any of the districts his
committee visited. Ho said that the
diking on the Columbia was far superior
to that on the sound and that the Co
lumbia Helta country had the additional
advantage of sublrrlgattoA.
A letter was read from Professor II.
D. Schudder of the Oregon Agricultural
College experimental station, promising
to cooperate with the association and
Indicating that he would outline some
experiments to be made next year which
would be of benefit to the truck garden
ers on the lower Columbia. ,
A committee was appointed to formu
late and submit plans for marketing the
products of the association, the Idea be
ing that all of the crops marketed should
bear the name of the Columbia Delta
Gardeners' association. The association
proposes to pack Its products In the
most up-to-date manner and to give the
proper class to each and every Individual
package. A general office will be es
tablished In Portland, which will handle
the produce of the association.
The meeting adjourned to meet again
at the same place on the second Satur
day In August
way to a promoter pocket: don't be de-
ceivea oy me names or wiaeiy Known
men on boards of directors especially
If the boards are big the best directors
are men trained in tne nustnoss; remem
ber that there are at least two commer
clal agencies In this country whose re
ports on a Business can be obtained
through any bank special reports from
them cost a very small sum; above aLU
don't be taken In by promises of big
profits only speculators have a right
to talk of big profits.
V. Vincent Jones :anrf H.1 N.
Aldrich Form Partnership;
Waldmere Platted.
V. Vincent Jones, formerly associated
with the Fred A. Jacobs company, of
this city, and H. KAldrich, a former
merchant of Bridal-Veil. Or., ha, "in
formed a partnership under the name oi
th Vincent Jonea Realty company. Tha
new firm has taken over 172 acres ad-;
joining Llnnton, and belonging to tha
Linnton Realty company. The front
tl , acres of this property' Is already
platted as Waldmere, and contains three
fine residences with three .more in
course of construction. I-mproVementi r
are all In, including winding graded
streets, sidewalks, curbs and a water;
vKtnm. it is the intention to erect
tomes of the better class aa fast as
they will sell and also to build for
purchasers on easy terms of payment. .
These gently sloping nuis rronung ma
river, the city and tbe mountains af
ford fine views and present a variety
of opportunities for building beautiful
homes, with Ideal suburban surround
ings, which are to be taKen advantage
of to the fullest extent by the owners
and developers. Many of the sites are
larger than the ordinary 60 by loo lot,
ranging up to s hall acre or an acre
In else.
An experienced and competent lands-
scape architect will be employed to de
sign platsafor each residence site, Show
ing the most , feasible la y out- for each
one In order to secure the maximum of
beauty, with a minimum of expense.
Nothing Is to be left undone by the pro
moters to make Waldmere a choice high
grade residence suburb.
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i
New York, Aug. 8. In ' an almost
Adamless Eden, somewhere on the north
shore of Massachusetts, scores of work
ing girls from Boston and nearby cities
are passing their vacations as guests of
Miss Helen Clay Frlck, daughter of
Henry Clay Frlck, the wealthy steel man
of New York and Pittsburg.
Men are permitted in this Eden only
to milk cows, hoe the gardens and cut
the wood. Although the establishment
has teen maintained for four years, Its
existence has been kept a secret until
new, and its location ls still unknown
to ethers than Miss Frlck, her frlonds
ami the girls Tvho have been welcomed
to the bea uUful ann. ataflfiOnmikfiS-re
"treat oh the shore of Massachusetts bay."
Every girl who enjoys the hospitality
oi ine r-uen is iwur.4ipiTrrfl uiun
to Its location and Its management. 'Its
rules proscribe all flirts and fibw. Rats,
unnecessary frill and hobble fklrts nr
barred by an Inflexible rulo. No girl
may bring her brother cr cousin to this
haven, and no girl ls permitted, It ls
paid, to wear more than two different
dresses In'one day.
Journal Want Ads bring results.
aaaaBBamBainBMiBaaBBaaBBBasaBBamBBBB
mi o i it
Tr. & a.
Oanssday, 773 Tirx Sqaare,
easus, no.
f!frwe: Third National Jtonk, alalia, Mo
(Void T dp a better act thai to aend tila
; tl'-e t SOB) boot 'Sufferer of Ersrma)
PACIFIC IRON WORKS
BTBUOTtTKAL ITSXXi
ASCXXTbCTUBAXi ZXOaT
Immediate Delivery
PortlaU, Or.
DEEP WATER SEAPORT and RAILROAD
TERMINUS on TILLAMOOK BAY io be
GreM MaeofladMHeg City
and Metropolis of the Tillamook Country
A Payroll ol $1,000,000 a Year
FOR 300 YEARS WILL NOT EXHAUST THE BILLIONS OF FEET OF TIMBER TRIBUTARY TO
TILLAMOOK BAY
Work started on the ONE MILLION DOLLAR SAW
MILL. The Whitney Lumber company is completing the
beautiful new residence for their manager at Kilchis Point,
just outside the corporate limits of BAY CITY. This is
the preliminary work ?f the immense sawmill plant to be
erected at this point.
The government engineers reported that the big saw
mills to cut the BILLIONS OF FEET OF TIMBER must
be established on Tillamook Bay and not on the rivers and
sloughs tributary to the bay. BAY CITY being the only
possible large townsite on the bay, it is obvious that BAY'
CITY will be the metropolis.
The government project of improvements is now law.
The work on the new jetty at the entrance of the b,ay ard
the deep channel DIRECT TO BAY CITY will be1 started
soon as possible, the money appropriated by the govern
ment being available at any time.
SECURE A FEW LOTS IN BAY CITY.
Don't wait for improvements. As sure as you, do you
will pay the penalty of advanced prices. Buy now and reap
early profits. " j
I of s Sfi5 f ft 81 511(1 on Fncv Tprmc N b?ok'fll11 1 of ' . country
VISIT BAY CITY SOON AS POSSIBLE.
will be issued soon. Apply for a copy. Use the coupon below
'
FARE GOOD RETURNING ALL SUMMER, $4., RETURN FARE, SAT
URDAY TO MONDAY, $3.C0. t
BAY CITY LAND CO.:
Send new book about the Til
lamook country and Bay City.
"Name
Address
lJCIliicijiiiiC
701-2-3 pal cling BuilcSino ri
t
oTo-I