Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (May 5, 1912)
5S0I2TED. s Employment for the Educated Is the Latest Problem, and It Is Being Solved; by Concerted Effort in the Big Cities gy women? v. . 'There's a question easier to answer than to classify positions they do want. The tremendous task of finding situations of alt kinds and descriptions for hundreds of college graduates and other highly educated women lias been undertaken by the managers of the intercollegiate employment bureaus re cently organized. They have found a more difficult problem than they bargained for. Every applicant means practically a special position of some kind. Even the deans and college presidents on the boards of managers of the various bureaus, who thought that they had kept in touch with the majority of their former pupils, have been surprised at the in teresting and novel positions many of them fill. ' One naturally expects to find college women among the professors, teachers, phy sicians, pharmacists and lawyers of a commu nity; but tdfind them raising chickens, work ing in composing, rooms in newspapers, collect ing rents for landlords, telegraphing, making lantern slides, acting as bookkeepers and ste nographers and even working in laundries, . presents them among a variety of jobs that ought to add spice to the prospects of gradu ate existence. f"-HE fact that college women are no longer , I . content with familiar professional careers JL: apart from just plain wedlock, but desire to . , specialire In distinct and sometimes unique lines, has made It necessary to organize employment fcuresftia for their benefit The twelfth census showed that the number of women entering professional serv ice other than physicians, surgeons and teachers has ; Increased SOS per cent, and the recent census Is likely ( to reveal as many more debuts In new fields. i " The purpose, of the Intercollegiate bureaus Is not 'only , to find employment for these women in the , multiplicity of lines that they prefer, but also to pro ! tect their interests. The bureaus aim to discover whether they are being paid aa much as their work deserves. . . . It waa Miss Susan Kinsberry. preeldent of Simon's College, who opened the eyes of the college women, a few years back, to the Important detail that the salaries the majority of them received, were no higher than- those of other women, who did not have tho nmA - tAMntami fTha niinil t V tli. ... "recely4 1y th graduates of her college who had been in teaching positions from one to ten years was a trifle higher than 500 per annum. V." STARTED AGITATION Thia statement started a wide agitation. Some said it was rldlculou. Others started like inquiries. They fountf th conditions applied to the alumnae of tber: conege.T&9-Colleglata Alumnae. In their lh--eetlgaUona, learned that college women in non teaching positions received on an average between $700 and I09 a, year;- In order to make an extensive study of the local conditions in various communities the committee on vocational opportunities for college In forty-eight dtlev As th result of their effort, the Intercollegiate bureaus are being formed. ., Boston waa the nrst to act and started an appoint ment bureau,' aa it was .called, is connection wlti the Women's Educational and Industrial tJnion. This Institution, started two years ago. was so successful that last October Miss Frances Cummlnga, a graduate of Bmltlt College, and the former head of the Review Division of th New York Tenement House I'epartmcat. founded a bureau in that city under th S;rection of the Intercollegiate Bureau of Occupations. It is managed by the alumna organisations of Bernard, Brya Mawr. Cornell. Mount Holyoke, Rad cl.ne. Smith, VSsaar and Wfcileeley Coliere. . ita rffleer are: PrewdMit. Mary Van Kleeck; vie preal. cnt. Charlott r"amwrtn; secretary. Ethel 6teb Itica. and treasurer. Antoinette Put man-Cramer. A the board of directors consist entirely of mem f ef Ifie Taciiltle" of varlbu women' and ro-du- i ctloiel r41egea. If Is naturally Icterrtted l th Bos- ( n and Fhiiadelphla bureaua, an 4 fa th formation ft ier In a 'I th larr ritie. Th members tt h -lcrd m Dr.1rjmla C OUdersJeeve. dean sf Barnard If. u - in I Collect; Dr. M. Csrey Tbomss. president of Bryn Mawr College; UUi Oertrode & Martin, adviser Of women, Cor nell University; Dr. Mary L'mmi WMlUr, president of Mount Holyoke College; Dean Hut Coes. of Red cliff College; Dr. Marlon Le Itoy Burton, presldsnt of Smith College; Dr. Jam Monro Taylor, president of Vsssar College, and Mla EllenFlts Pendleton, presl dnt of Weliesley College. Th Philadelphia bureau, which 1 known aa th Bureau of Occupation of Trained Women, wu started several months ago under the auspice of the Asso ciation of Colleglat Alumnae, and through the efforts of Mis Marlon Parr Is, of Bryn Mawr College, and Mies Vlda. M. Francis, president of th College Club. This bureau. Ilk th there, will devote attention to th interact of women who. though not graduates of colleges, have , bean, educated and- are . equipped by experience for' th special work they seek. VOUCHES FOR ALL - Every person applying to any of . th Intercol legiate bureaus for work must undergo a strict ex amination before registering. If she b not found qualified for th position that she wants, she cannot register. In eftVct, the bureau vouchee (or vry on on its lists. One group of questions every applicant has to answer' mcludesr Nn. address and telephone num--ber; age and country of birth; religious faith and state of health; whether unmarried, or a wife, widow or divorcee; the number of children that she may have; p'lace of longest residence; the kind of work desired; when the applicant can accept the work and whether she prefers a position In her home city or would go elsewhere; the amount of salary desired and the lowest that would be considered. After these questions have been answered, the applicant must tell whether she has been self-supporting, and whether she has Invested any money, and th amount H OW will thia hard-headed, hard-handed, harshly practical world deal with a little princess who has been brought into fairyland to rule a portion of it! It seems fairyland to her, for she is still young enough to perceive the gleaming wings of illusion all about her, although a lot of crabbed old statesmen and professors huve been doing their best for five years to teach her "that this world isn't the very best and loveliest place that could possibly eiist. So she has her troubles all before her; arid there may not be a single one of .them, from ruin of fortune to the breaking of her heart, that will fail to befall her. - .-, . - It seems a shame to say such ill-omened things of such a charming fairy princess, to whom the . future now opens like some glorious flower in bloom. But misfortunes like those can happen very readily, and she has only herself and her own tact, for many years to come, to safeguard her. Her name is Marie Adelaide, hereditary grand duchess of Luxembourg. She is the sole ruler of a little' land that has been expressly . reserved from . all wars and international quarrels, and she her elf has been expressly chosen to be its monarch. Her people are completely loyal to her, and thjy ask only peace and the prosperity they now enjoy. But European treaties and policies are not quite so stable as the rocks of her little kingdom, and nation have a way. of hitting the weakest when they fight for their own existence. - ; . S' HE is almoal .1 years, otd. now he ' was hnra on , . June la. !!, . true llttla rose. In tb month bf roses and in the land of rosesand shs is as sweet and -charming a girl aa has ever been seen, en sa ClRTESY9MSTPimiC5rto THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAX IORTLAND. SUNDAY :.:;,':: v ; 1 . , . , rr.. . ) rr. 3 P4 ( 7 Th next series of questions deals with the educa tion of th applicant he most tell whether her prepsratory training was in pnbllo or private schools; whlcJi college or university she attended; the date of her graduation, and her degree. If she did not grad- ' uate. she most atat th number of yeara and tb fates when ah was In college. Post-graduat courses go on the records and tb plac. dates and studies taken must t specified. The applicant must also say whether she Is familiar with th following studies. Literature and English, languages, mathematics, sciences, history, philosophy, social sciences, art and music. Then sh must tall th languages that she speaks; whether she has ever don any public speaking; and th name, place and dat of any publications sh may have written; whether she has any knowledge of stenography and typewriting, if so, the mak of machine used; uid she is asked her knowl edge of bookkeeping and the system sh use. After these questions are satisfactorily answered, the applicant has another lot of answars to furnish, dealing with her last three employers, giving the nsmes, addresses, business, kinds of positions occu pied, names of persons-to whom she was responsible, dates of entering and leaving various employments, along with th causes for relinquishing them. Th names and addresses of persons who can glv charac ter reference must be Included, and then space Is left for general remarks by th applicant as to her edu cational training, extended travel and any other in formation that may aid her in getting a desirable position. In the three cities where the bureaus sr working the number of applicants and the positions procured have exceeded the hopes of the organizers. But th chief surprise resulting from the agencies has been In the multiplicity of positions occupied by college women. The numbers run into the hundreds. The three agencies have found that the greatest demand was for. secretarial and clerical work. But ' ; tier thick, dark tresses frsme a face) rounded and fVk In the cheek, with a nioutn cmei-i .f eyes that are expressive f a loveiy -innocence ana , MORNING. HAY I, 1313 --.... rzr: J) even this line is divided Into a store of specialties. Including secretaries to administrators, business man, publishers, scnolsrs. social workers, society women, civil service clerkships sad court sad Isw stenog raphers. Library work and cataloging Is Included la the same category. CoMege women ar in great de mand as stenograpners. because of their wide knowl edge of varloua subjects. Th Philadelphia bureau has had calls for stenographers who were translators, and also for those who ar trained along sclentlflo lines and in research work. In point of numbers th posts nest la importance ar connected with social and economlo work and In clude Juvenile court probation, poll'- laatronships. prison and reform school work, supervision of social centers and playgrounds, economic research, municipal research, factory Inspection, tenement house Inspec tion, lodging house inspection, street and market In spection, organised charities, children's aid work, dental and district nursing, medical social service, rent collecting, settlement and welfare work, secre taryships to consumers' leagues, trade unions and em ployment agencies. SETTLEMENT WORKERS NEEDED There is a particular demand for settlement work- r"- BPcinr J. th country , autrlctf. Many.hom and school nurses have been placed, while nurses who have tired of th work, and desire to enter other fields, have been given opportunity to make us of their experience In Institutions. Religious work is another field into which women have thronged In large numbers during recent years, and th bureaus have had a considerable demand for women qualified '' for deaconess, for club and class supervision, parish visiting and secretaryships in Young Women's Chris tian Associations. Court work is another line that haa Interested numerous college women, though here, too, there Is a ' marked preference for service along certain lines. candor. If an artist wers asked to draw ths ploturea for -a book of fairy tales, ha would limn Just such a counte nance for the herolrle. : ;. K , . . Very strange events the fairies alone could have brought them about have , combined to makeher ' ths queen she has become in reality, although .her title is : only thift of grand duchesaand eauaHy strings events, whicn will require all her. wit and Judgment to forefend, may be awaiting the future, to plunge her back into the comparative obscurity from which sh emerged when she had Just entered hee teens, ' '..'", t 7 When the wids dominions of Charlemagne war bing ' seised by the rapacious horde of ambitious thieves wno ' made names and kingdoms ' for themaelvea-in ths tenth . ceniury.-a' sire of Luxembourg appeareu in the Brock hills ,nd lent to the tiny territory of craggy fastnesses" an autonomy which it has preserved througn Innumerable y successions Of conquests It has been always too small to withstand the alternate dominations of Us - powerful -" neighbors; but it has remained .Luxembourg, 1 and s" state of seme distinct sort, whatever they do to it - It was first a duchy, and, then, about a century ago, ' a grand duchy. Included In the Germanic Federation, -with the Orange Nassau royal house ruling It . Weak as it was. by .reason of its smallneas.' Its dosI- Won and its rocky hills mads It of prim importance In continental wars, a curious anomaly,, by which the least strong of kingdoms became th key to mighty conquests. its power for good or evil, even its power tor self-defense, It grew o vm mo uvei uiaaierjnjiy unpgrianr mmi, nnajiy, was utterly dona away with.-.- Th treaty of London, la lt7, declared Luxembourg; absolutely neutral territory, for Germany aa well as France yes, and for Holland, ts which It nominally -belonged. Four years Ister even Its fortresses were dismantled, -in order to mak It useless ss a base of operations for any militant neighbor bold enough to defy the treaty guaranteea in the extremity of war. -Jv -i '- . !.;,-.-- --v , All this time th stern Salio law applied to Its sover eignty. By tb Satlc law, ho woman can occupy a throne, ven though the most remot mat heir to the erowm should be Illegitimate. . Only when the whole male lia has perished, whatever ataln may attach to th humblest of them, can th foremost f th female heirs becoms the ruler.' One of the most doubtful ancestries In Europe, is that of IBS Count Of Llppe Btesterfetd, but he hat been -awarded the ru let a hip of the principality of Detmold under the application of the Salle law. In UN Wllhelmina became queen of Tlotland. A woman, ahe waa forced to relinquish ber obvious rights '' ' '' : ' .!: '" r'-;' 1 4: ' - 17 I Mm prefer ts arttesd to cases Is tas JaveaUe courts, looking Ur U ytasg etfender. glvlag them ad vice ad lBe"ettg h4r " Hlmai; wall "laer esler "nltl I" iWsauaUlpaJ r Ugkar court, laveeitgatlag lb various cases, maklag r-ra-sneasatloas 1 f Jadg. seeking detailed reports f ucl reae for Is sou ales, sad rUlttsg sad super vising ik wemea under probation. Publishing Is a tin tast appeals t many college graduate. They srs is be found la all Us breaches, Including jeumallsti wars, attending t Ike geaerei buataess, making esatracta. deelgalng bookcovet. doing lb general bookkeeping, attending la tb ad tettlalng buatsess la Ita various phaeea, traaeiating sad working la th proof room a and eompeslsg rooms. Msny ethere prefer to be their a boeee and s Into buslaeea Collage woman ar now represented la advertising, banking, th flower trede. Usuraac. real i aetata, lunch rooms. Interior decorating and furnish ing, and In novelty, gift or specially ahopa The bureaus have been of great assistance I the bualaeae woman, advising, her of profitable neighborhood In which to settle, bringing ber trad and acquainting tb other college women with her whereabout. Interest la household work of various descriptions sppeala to many. Thia comes under th head of bouse ' hold economlce. and many specialise In catering, at tending to the dietetic, or managing delicatessen eeubllshmente. restaurant, tearoom or school lunch kitchens and dining rooma Others prefer work In homea. as professional housekeepers, or as economical advisers In homs management Trained wssaea ar In demand to manage laundries. Other, who ar talented with th needle and hav an y to th adorn ment of their aea, hav be com dressmakers and milliners. FARM ATTRACTS ITS QUOTA Ths farm also attracts Its quota of college women. Pome deslrs general larm work, while others would rather attend to ths dairy aad rals poultry. Bee culture has its attraction for a great many, while not a few ar Interested in fruit growing, ail forms of floriculture and market and nursery gardening. Scientific research aad Investigation la another field tbst women are Just beginning to enter, and on in which there ar numerous opportunities. There is a particular demand for women with a knowledge of eclenc la laboratories, manufactories and hos pitals, and thos who hav taken courses in sclsnce snd biology prove Invaluable to physicians and scien tists. Th United States department of agriculture has recognised ths worth of women chemists and has sent out a call for them, which th Intercollegiate bureaus ar trying to All- Boards of health In varl oua cities have made good uss of ths womsn scien tists, and food experts have found them of great value In investigations. From sclentlflo work to srts and crafts Is a long stretch, but th latter flld affords employment for a largo number of graduates. Including experts in basketry, bookbinding, fashion and poster designing. . illuminating, metal working, photography, pottery, weaving and wood carving. College women in ths professions ars no longer a novelty. Among the fields In which ths sex Is well represented are architecture, dentistry, engineering, law. the ministry and medicine, which latter Includes physicians, pharmacists, nurses, medical gymnasts ana ' osteopaths. One Philadelphia woman, though not -a physician has proved of treat value to the members of that irofeesion. 6h la known as a medical ana surgical Illustrator. After making oaref ul drawlnga of special cases, she pictures tne unique break of cer . tain bones, or the development of a disease. An applicant that thla, bureau had shortly after It opened waa a young woman who had worked for ten vara a a taiaarranher- In a broker's offices. Her em ployers hsd failed; she was forced .to look for another position. Shs waa a difficult on to place, because there ar many feminine telegraphers, but few are employed by bankers and brokers. But sh got the Job all right In ths grand duchy df Luxembourg. Duke Adolptv a German, but a prince of ths house of Nassau, was the mala heir next In line, and he got little Luxembourg. To him succeeded his 'son, Wllhslm Alexander, only 10 years old, but without a son to stand between the family and the pitiless Salic law whenever he should die. He bsd half, a doxen little .daughters, the .eldest of them then, ten years ago. being Marls Adelaide, a child barely S yoars of age... Seldom did a royal mother, not excepting even th present ciarlna, so surrender herself completely to recurring maternity' as did the Grand Duchess Marlu Anna in the endeavor to provide a male heir to th throne. It was wholly In vain. But a few weeks elaped. before fate delivered what , seemed the final blow to tb hopes of th ruling family "of Luxembourg.. The grand duke, a camisnme, up tann ing specimen of manhood, suffered a blighting stroks of 1 paralysis. He became completely helpless, , useless for every function oft royalty. As time wore on, it was obvious that the grand duchy was, in practice, without any ruler at all, and all hope of male Issue ended with the certainty that he was an invalid tor Ufa. Straightway appeared the count of Marenberg, whose sister is Countess Torby; hsr marriage to Grand Duke Michael, of Bussla, has doomed that fond lover to perma- . . nent exile. The eount la the last survivor of the male line f he claimed his right of succession under the Sallo law. The future was very dark; for. ths grand duchess and ber flock of little daughters. - REVERSED THE OLD LAW After five years of the grand duke's illness, when Marie Adelaide waa 13 years old, th people of Luxem bourg, with a calm sssertlon of their own rights in the succession,, passed a law of their own which was revo lutionary. They declared that the Bella law, so far as Luxembourg was concerned, might go hang. For the first - born nsttv to the soli. They flamed their invalid ssvsr-f i.' ums in aasa, mo wers suing 10 nave a ruier Who waa elgn's eldest daughter, Marie Adelaide, grand duchess by direct succession, and they defied aU tha kina-a at Runn to do their worst , Wilhelm Alexander lingered on untlt a "few months sgo. when desth claimed the helplesa bodv. Ltixemboura; proceeded to its preparations for installing its popular Marie, while ths count of Marenberg raaeo aioinui ik th wicked ogre, ' calling on ths monarchs of ths earth and the august Ballo law to keep him from being robbed of his inheritance. . . Marie Is now grand duchess In fact. In name and In ths loyal devotion of her people. But the wicked ogre isn't dead yet; Germany and Franc ar liable to be at Carter drawn any tin; she' must make some alliance whicn ahaH enable hr to aaa)uard her throne and, -per haps, ores a; ner neart; and the fairy tale must go on, with nobody able to goeea th end of the story, whils tb vsat nelds of roae which ar one of n.t,i . t r - t valuable crop, bloom every rear la June, as ths fairy land of romacs ught to bloom. . ' . "T