HE OREOOM SUNDAY JOURNAL, I'ORTLAMD, SUNDAY WORNINO, APRIL II. 111!
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For That Reason, Says the Leader of the
Suffrage Movement, There Came an Era
of Divorce and Discontent That WilJlEnd
Only When Men Grow Better
of dnvrte and dis
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r r Man.
This, in a word, is one answer to a ques
lion often asked. Man and his morals, or
lack of morals, are at the root of the trouble.
That there were fewer divorces when the old
fashioned woman had her day was because
ihe was nothing more nor less llxan a pauper,
dependent on her better half for everything.
Those are the views of the Rev. Dr.
Anna IJouard Shaw, the national suffragist
leader and one of the world's most ardent
advocates of the cause. She has made a care
ful study of tie divorce question, and she
presents some' new and interesting views on
a subject that is becoming so grave that even
the interest in !he presidential possibilities
does not slop the debates, Ju.i..uons
court wrangles in every part of the country.
tor tnname, Waller George Smith, an
uncompromising foe of divorce, who resigned
from the board of directors of the University
of Pennsylvania a few years ago after a con
troversy on this subject, claims that the
present ratio of one divorce for every twelve
marriages is growing, and asserts that divorce
cases are heard almost daily in J000 courts
in this country.
In view of such startling statements, it is
interesting to know the uJu,s and where
fores for the dissolution of so many marriage
contracts. And as most of the complaints
are filed by women, it ti fitting that such a
progressive member of the sex as Doctor
Shaw should say what she thinks of the
matter.
"W
HAT do I think ti the rtuin of the numerous
divorces in this country at th present
time?", Without wilting to catch her
breath. Doctor flhaw had her answer ready.
There was not the slightest ilfn of hesitation. With her
thee never Is. That la the reason she is so Interesting
ii i public speaker. She "Is never so happy as when In a
debate, and is always prepared to reel off replies to a
olley of crossfire questions from her opponents. She
can talk for hours and never tire. And she li Just as
pleasing as a conversationalist, for one has a better'
chance to study her characteristic expressions and also
to wonder at, her remarkable vitality.
To get back to the subject, on this particular occa
sion Doctor Shaw's answer came like a bombshell Into
a peaceful valley: "The tax morals of tho men." A.iJ
It was a man she whs apeukuig to; but that didn't mat
ter. She fa accustomed 16- telling men what she thinks
of them.
In umoment. however. Doctor Shaw explained her
self. She didn't mean that men were any worse than
they ever were, but that, on the other hand, women were
merely coming Into their own.
The old-fashioned woman took everything. She had
to. Moie capable and Independent, the new woman
doesn't. She Is showing her husband that he has to
mind his p's and q's to keep out of the divorce court,
because she can get along very well without, him; and he
can't have everything his own way. What's more, she
proves it. as the statistics will testify.
This Is a do.nestlc revolution that Doctor Shaw thinks
just had to come, and that it couldn't b held back much
nger. "Women ure. more independent in their mode
of thinking," she says. "They no longer allow them
selves to be trampled on, and won't submit to the care
less or domineering ways of tholr husbands."
understudy, and Is showing that she has her rights,
snd that they must be respected; that she Is the equal
and not the Inferior of her husband, and that her
children belonjr to her as much an to the man.
"The woman of today Is of a higher standard than
l?r.vcnjr iAif mSrrv,
the woman of bygoue deya She la just as entle
and sweet, and wall she retain her feminine quali
ties, she Is firmer and has the courage of bar convic
tions. Without a doubt the other woman rebelled
In her heart, but she didn't nave th chances that
tn modern woman baa of expressing her feelings."
Then Poetor fhsw showed how th suffrage ques
tion. Indirectly at least, was due to the chaog In
affair. 'Trough the giving of th ballot to women
has nothing directly to do with marriage or divorce,"
Miss Shtw said. 'It will soon be seen that suffrage
will make mnrrlsge more stable. In states where
there la equal suffrage there are comparatively fewer
divorce than In others. Why? Because of th fart
that In the former states the aetes are absolutely
equal. The men respect th rights of tb women and
understand their tru position. They, have adopted
th rule vf equality In their home live.
"There Is no real happiness except between equals.
Heal happiness or real development In marriage does
not exist unless the contracting parties umleratand
the rlithts of one soother. Where one la considered
more Important than the other, there is bound to be
friction.
"The bst proof that I can advance that there Is
real love and happiness between couples who under
stand and appreciate each other's rights Is the fact
that, of all the msrrlase ceremonies that have been
performed by wnnien mlnlfcters, to my knowledge.
f7
there never has bn a dlvorr or even a separation.
1 my!f hav perform many of ihm. and th
marriage hav been Ideal. Kecause a man who will
(ermlt a woman to unite him in matr.mor.y does not
consider himself her superior, and hi married life
Is bounl i be a happy one Ii ailvea his wife the
r!M to think and to be an Individual. Consequently.
in must follow.
' It ! not right to force marriage on any Individual
or lo Insist on early marriages In such esses the
unions are not holy ones.
"Many of the rnlleg women and the so-called
modern women, thuia who think fnr lhemselea, do
t ot marry until they reach middle life. The protest
against this stste of (hlr.ga la that they do not havs
many children. H it their children live. And Isn't It
more Important fur one rn child to llve than for a
mother to bear two children and for one to dlT
Moreover, statistics that have been complied on the
marriages of college women show that there 'hav
been very few divorces. Doesn't that speak for Itself
nd prove that equal marriage hav th beat results T .
"As I have sold before, marriage has nothing to
do with th suffrage question. I am speaking as an
Individual, snd I am giving my own persons) views
on a subject In which I am latarested, as la my right.
We suffragists have various views on these subjects.
It would be hard to find two human beings any
where, for that matter, who would agree exactly on
everything. One may have certain Meaa on a aubject,
and another may aee It In a totally different light.
And It Is natural, therefore, that other suffragleta
would differ with rhe nn my views of divorce. But
when It romee to the all-Important question of equal
suffrage, our hops and beliefs all dovetail lata aaaa)
others On that subjtct alone we agr.
That woman auffrag 1 at least tending toward)
fewer marriage, and probably more carefully oon
iurreu ones, was snown oy tn alanine eompiieil
recently by Kdward Pfuod. th ruarrlag Uet&s cJtk
of Bacramento, Cat, which snowed that ther wag W
marked falling off In th number of license! taka
out during the three month after equal auffrag waa
granted to th woman of th atat.
B'
brosr BeDnk&rj9 of Te?ca..
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In'E attraction that cannot bo dunied to
Texas is pretty bankera.
In witness whereof, notice the accom
panying pictures. .
Two lovely cashiers is a pretty good record
for one state, let alone one that in just at the be
ginning of its development--in reality, a land of
untold promise. -
In both cases it was a process of evolution
AN "ODOROUS" COMPARISON
Then Doctor Shaw draw a comparison between th
. modern woman and the old-fashioned one. You . who
have looked up to the latter as an ideal of loveliness and
virtue mustn't get shocked when Doctor Shaw calls her
a pa up or, until you hear Just why the well-known sui
fraglst, physician and minister considers her such.
r "Alexander Hamilton once sold that man controls th
physical Bubntance of the moral being. He was speaking
of me negro stave. Hue me sum words can be jiaed In
, reference tb the wives of today, in bygono times th
men controlled their wlvea absolutely, but oiuw the
women are showing that tiiey are no longer going to be
dominated, and Insist that they be tueir husband's equals
or no wives at all. How well tney are succeeding Is
shown by the divorce courts. '
"The old-tashioned woman, the wife and mother, was
only a pauper. The law gave the husband everything.
She got nothing. She had to trust entirely to his gen
erosity and had to overlook all hi faults. She couldn't
say anything; for what right has a pauper to dictate,
or even complain, to th one she la depending upon for
her support?
'Moreover, the law considered that the father was
nearer to the child than the mother, and In case of a
separation gave the children to the mala parent. If h
died, he could even appoint, by will, a guardian over
his children. And many a mother clung to her husband
no matter what his abuser or neglect of her, or his moral
standing in the community, so that aha would not b
"MOtneriiKe, wasn t ir Kor wnat will mother
not iro throua-h for th lov of her little ones? Women
of . all times hav been the came In this respect - And
that was tn prooiem mai me oia-rasnioned mother
had to battle with, and she sacrificed everything for
"the love of her children. If she left her husband,
she could no longer caress them or look out for their
welfare.
"Were these holy marriages? Because ther wer
fewer divorces In'tho? da v than now. does It signify
that they were boiler? Most decidedly not people
then abided too much by conventions and conven
tionalities. ATsny lived torether only from fer of
"what h outside world mlht say or think. And
did this condition exist? Becaus th man and wif
wr not on- an equal standing. And. therefore, their
mer-iner was not holy. -.." ,
. "The moral of th old-fashioned rlrl wer looked
mtimr hv ner sarent until an wan.nnia nr in -i ,. t... v.. v.. j.iw . . ...r: . .
ber husbsn4.;rt J, hi. 1.7A mor- tha hl..wlf, Tt Su.nUy.rMl ilaboriy ta hsT5 .
WHB't wniiafrm nr Bjwmw wni nm moral. . or Upon br -return from Oeoriria. Mra. Coggrn Utl tn
UU1I11" . .. . 1 " .' 111 . mrm witn ur.in. u. emitn, f Aivaraio. Tr-x. He waa a
v'Ji,?"?- . vT.mTn2. vl. ,onrv,r ia"Vw1th two hlldr.B. a boy and a HtOa glrlTHer
wit t. .ueh foolltos. p l ttr4 of brtnr tb. parwrt. bjeeted to this lov. affair, .o jthey Mat kar to
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that brought the young women to their present
positions. Miss Minnie Hester, of the Lee County
State Bank, at Lexington, was. a school teacher
a stenographer, a. court reporter before she as
sumed a clerical position in the institution of
which she soon became the operating head.
Miss liobbie Caricker likewise' took a per
fectly natural ascent to the cashiership of the
Cu'shing State Bank, at Cushing. While she was
assisting her father in the conduct of a drygooda
store, her brother opened a private bank in the
front of the building.. This she also looked after
to a great extent. When it was converted into a
state-bank, nothing was" more natural than that she
should be chosen as its chief executive.
In addition. Texas also has a fetair.ine bank
president, aqd her career is. wonderfully inter
esting. -
TO MRS. SAMUEL P- COGCUN, of Brownswood,
Tex., belongs th distinction of being the only
woman president of a bank in th state of Texas.
This la th. Coggln National Bank, capitalist
ul.tAM.OOO.
; "1 am a banker by Inheritance, but a ranchman by
profession," explained Mra. Coggln, as she outlined th
work In th. bank left by -her husband, the lata Samuel
K- coggin, of Urownswood, on. of th. widely known cat
tlemen in west JTexas, and told Of ner especial fondness
lor the ranch and her Interest In cattle.
She is at bom. in th. bank as Its president, but twlc.
a year aha goes to the ranch and personally conducts,
th. dipping" of th. cows. -
As a girl of 18, Mr. Coggln mad. a trip, to Georgia,
wher a he visited relatives. Never having Men a rail
road for railroads up unUl th. early eighties wer very
care in Texas h Journeyed to Fort Worth from her
home, a distance of about seventy miles, by private con
veyance, and th& took th Texas and Pacific, at that '
time the only railroad, In Fort Worth. . .
When .ho arrived lav Georgia, relatives from 'far and
nar came to se "their Texas cousin.- tn those days
people from Texas wer. considered to be freaks of
nature, mo ner twu in many way was deugntful from
th very first j everybody. In their eagerness to see lbe'
Hunts vljle, wher she graduated at th Sam Houston
MUl lllil.
ins lead Qt bringing about the hoped-for Indifference,
- the separation oniy uiaue the attachment stronger, and
n October 11, Usl, he and Doctor Smith' were married.
With this union came many changes, for Doctor
Smith became 111 snortly after they wer married, and
tn'two month and nine days he died.
Retaining charge of the two stepchildren, the young
widow found a school and began to teach. This con
tinued for three years. While In search of a school, on
year, she went to small Intend town. Mineral iVells,
where among th strangers that she met was Samuel R.
Coggin, a typical west Texas bachelor. Alter a court
ship of several months, they wer married.
A PICTURESQUE JOURNEY
At that time th. railroad had not gone to Browns
wood, the nearest railroad point being at : Cisco, sixty
miles away. Tb big road surreys ware used as mean,
of conveyance, and a single horse was a rar sia-ht.
for all f the ranchmen prided themselves on. their One
blooded teams.
Tb drive was made to Browns-wood, and ther at a
two-story rock house, which 1 on of the landmarks of .
, Brown county today. Mr. and Mra. Coggln spent the first
eighteen months of their married life. - I '
Therorphan girl, Uszl Smith, , was carefully reared
'and educated. After rraduatlns at th Daniel Baker
ro!: at Brown aw ood, bet education wss furthered at
KMd-Ker. a girl's college at Sherman. Sh 1 now lira.
. William Poindexter. of Cleburne, tb. wife or one of the
sronnoent attorney-of Texas, in
dfdates
for
the, last gubernatorial
race judge Poindexter was one of the can'
governor. ' (
On the Coggln ranch, twelve nines from Brownswood,
6000 acres aie under once fence. A lake of 105 acres,
which is supplied with bass, contains tbs water wttn
which the Improved land is irrigated.
In order that they might come and go from the ranch
as they chose, Mr. and Mrs. Coggln buiit a six -room rock
bungalow, which contains all of th modern improve
ments. Whea living In 'town would become tiresome,
they would drive out- to the ranch and spend a week or
two. In the spring and summer finning in the lake la
always good sport,' and frequently one catches a bass of
three or four pounds. In th fall and winter bird are
plentiful.
Several years ago Mr. and Mr.. Coggln built a six-teen-room
home in the suburb, of Brownswood. This is
of colonial architecture, and la one of the pr:tlst In
that whole part of west Texas.
At all -of th meetings of the director of the bank!,
Mr. Coggln was present with het husband. Afterward,
any of th details that ah. did not understand Mr,. Cog
gin explained to her. - -
At the death of Mr. Coggln. September, 1J10, Mra
Coggln waa prepared to manage all branches of hi.
extensive Interest. Knowing this, at the first meeting "
of the stockholder, after Mr; Coggln's death she was
unanlmoutfy elected president of tho bank, which offle.
the h b!d since. '-i - -
Mrs. Coggte doe no believe In woman', right, snd
declares that she is In the business world simply because
ah waa the victim or ctrenmataacoav1 on believe, thai
a woman place 1 at noma.
Butt Wins, But Still ,
L'TT was tired of It. Tired of having som on
break In and finish every story he started to
tell. for Butt always bad been careful to
spring new one only. He determined to put a crimp
in the practice.
Bo. in the law library the other day. be called tho
bunch together, saying h had a good on. and' n.w.
"Over tn Ohio," began Butt, "a hearing:, wa. la
progress befor. a pompous old justice of th. peac.
who. for year., had been th presiding officer In
local lodge and who prided himself on hi knowledg.
of parliamentary law. It was a criminal case, and tho
attorney for the defendant, awar of this predilection
of the court, arose and made a formal motion to dia-'
charge the prisoner for defects In th. form Of tho
affidavit.
"'Is th motion seconded? asked tho court,
"A brother of the defendant aroa and Second
the motion.
"'Any remarks?" - " '
"The prosecuting attorney sprang to hi. feet and
attempted to point out that this was not tb. proper
method to pursue in disposing of motion, but''
"Shade of the antique! The village chestnut tr.
shook again!" exclaimed Parsons, on ot tb bunch.
"Let mo finish it for you: 'The justice counted tb. ay,
and nays, and, finding that th ayes had It. h u
Ulned the motion snd discharged th prisoner.'"
"Not in this case," said butt. "That may-be an
other citation. In this case the justice- decided that
tba motloji iv Ri well taken and that it was his duty to
t.ije judicial cognisance of the fact that the prosecut
ing attorney was the only lodge man present who had,
kept up his dues, and the only one present, therefore,
entitled to vote. He overruled the motion and heliii
the accused for court." '
THE OLD AND THE NEW
Later, at the Loungers', Butt', turn cam.. "An
lris.,uiuii," uld he. ' was giveji a holiday, and decided
to upend it hunting. Vv h.ie at the ooitom of a deep,
ravme no looKed up ana saw a large owl sitting en!
iuo topmost Inno of a tall tree which stood oa th.!
bank. He took careful aim and fired. Down cam the,
owl. striKlng limb after iimb in it. descant. and, after
reaching tiie ground, continued to roll down th .id
of the ravine over rock and stumps until It cam to
a stop at the hunter' feet. Th irishman looked at
lie owl and thea up to "
"Hoary, hoary with age!" broke In Meyers; on ol,
loungers. vv uy, even uie raconteurs ten mat story.
ihe iribnman iooks up una tnen down, and .a
I'iUb. an' there wa a good ca-artrldg wa.udl
laii would have kilt the Uom spalpeen?' . 1 V
".Not by a globe sight," said Butt "I don't knot
what your Irlmitnan suid, and don't car. Mine looked
at lite owl, then up to the perch, ajid said, "i'nere ain't
another tun in the slate of West Vlrglnny county
mat kin squirt shot like thot.' "
At his viub dinner that evening; Butt led off. "A
Norwegian out in Wisconsin." he began, "went Into
scrivener's office, and being asked what could b. done
lur him, repileo;
"'Ay tank Ay shall hav som. paper, drawn. Ay
tank It shall be. a mortgage. Tou see. Ay buy. me som
land from Nels Xonson. and Ay wish a mortgage
lor If
"No,' said the scrivener. If yoa ar. buying1 land
from Mr. Johnson you want a deed deed wot morj
gage.' -'' , V
" -N-n-o.' said the Norwegian, shaking his head
firmly. Ay tank it shall be a mortgage or Ay tank it :
timll be nutting at alt. ,Ule Macki tie buy land and
tak deed '" - ,'- : .-"
" 'Say, Butt," Interrupted Harrison, pulling out hi.
pocketbook. "I'll just bet you ten dollars there isn't a .
man at this table who hasn't heard that story fifty
times Ole Mackl he tak deed to farm and along come
a faller with mortgage and tak farm away from
Mackl ' There, put up or shut up, th latter,, pre
ferred." . .,
The two tens were banded to Stine, who was b
lleved to be honest. '
"It is possible they have heard Your story. Butt re- .
sumed. "but my ten says they haven't heard mine.
My Norwegian says to th scrivener. "Ole Mackl, he
buy land and tak deed and begin to. pay tax right
next yaar alter; I tak mortgage and land stand in .
Mr. Yonson's name On tax book for five, sax yaar 'fore
he find out, and be pay that tax all time. Oh, Ar
tank Ay larn how to save money In dis countree.' "
Butt- was awarded the two ten.-.
a'
I
Not Used to HighLife : ;
T WAS a settlement m the foothJlU of tho Al.'e-
ghenies. Tb. half dosen house, were built of rouxV
aawn boards and set among the tall treea Tba re
were no fences, no sidewalks, pot vn a bridge gerosa
. th mall creek- The road had not been worked, and It
wa full of stump, and boulders. The postofTlee, store
and boarding house were In on frame buiia.na.
A counuyman had driven in wltn a fin yobi.g hi
which he had bargained te sell. The proapecwv y t
chsaer met Mm in front of th boarding ftvuve and t
tnto the buggy.. A tby started away, the huiM a .... :,
and the countryman got him undar control r..i
vented a runaway wiU great dirncuity.
After the fcorhad bees kuteted anrf wa rv ?
long jiorniaOlyj th couptrymfc i renvarsej tu lis
pcaiort: .
. "Mister, I don't never Tol-i fr m ore ' r -'but
this 'ere one ha to be i-ul. T e '
rro. an SR a ni l ion.; n-u
--t-