L: 2 in lm
Treves "Mc:! E-ff.ir.j
: Cc::.
Ccn.turi:j
::i c:
Ctf,000 ENGLISH MINERS TO STRIKE,
Ex-Crown Princess Louisa and Her Husband
'II
GRAVE INDUSTRIAL CRISIS AT HAND
IN GOAL RECALLS
fightwoveso;:
. italian ik
Two Million Persons at Least
Will Be Affected by Gi
gantic Walkout. - -
BIG STRIKE OF '93
,.
lCl,Lt lifs. h Vicr.r.a
Is a Ti.'r. cf tl.s Past
London, Feb. 24.-The gravest indua-
Irtot st rrt tu r!a will H TirjhMn.
wide coal strike proclaimed by the Mi
ners' Federation begins throughout Eng
land. Nothing;, apparently, can now stop
the threatening peril, despite the almost
frantic eleventh hour efforts being made
by the home secretary. Sir Reginald Mc
Kenna, and Winston Churfthlll, first lord
of the admiralty, who la aiding him tn
his desperate attempt to stave off the
calamity.- . 1
' Every -resource In the way of confer
ences looking to arbitration and com-
. . . - I I ' A '
ax2SBvt a P5552 5 ....
- " - - . " - - JiG&zzc fjf ' '
ggT ' . ' L t swA, ' ' JT '
How the British navy is preparing to stand the 'great coal strike that
? will begin throughout England on next Thursday. The snapshot
; photograph shows a gigantic' navy collier loading up to Us capacity
j with coal,, as alt the othe? colliers are now being loaded, so as to
V. be Able, to Bupply the warships with coal during the strike and
; thereby, prevent utter Incapacitation of all of England's fleet.
, The pprtralt is of Sir Reginald McKenna, the home secretary, who
I ? is lending every energy to prevent the strike at the last moment,
but with practlcallyno hope of success. The jnap shows In the
darkened places where the coal beds of England tfre situated, cov
ering almost a third of the Entire area of tho island.
promise) .bas been -exhausted, and the
only , hope now remaining is that one
aide or the other will baclc down com
pletely from Its position and - concede
everything to the other. What slight
ohance there Is of this can be gleaned
from the latest declarations of . leaders
f the contesting elements the owners:
"We have taken off our coats to fight."
The miners: "AM the governments In
the world can not multe the miners work
when they have chosen not to."
Over gOO.000 members of the Miners'
Federation will quit work at the stroke
of midnight between Wednesday and
Thursday, and with them over 1,000,000
more men, women and boys employed
In connection with British coal mines,
above and below ground, will be thrown
out of employment. It ! estimated that
the' strike will at the smallest compu
tation directly affect 2,000,000 persons.
It will, in addition, ruin thousands of
small shopkeepers, and; ultimately it will
bring the whole trade of the country to
a standstill. - 1 ,
, Factories will close, railway trains
will cease to run, ships will He Idle In
the ports. There will be no gas and no
.electric light .Disorders will Inevitably
foow, and some predict a condition bor
drlne on civil war. Without doubt the
strike wih be the greatest war of. labor
and capital in England's , history, and
, many expect it to develop Into the great
est the world has known.
- ; In every stago of the fight through
conferences with the national union,
tbe mine owners have proved nhdwrate.
and they have Issued statements thaf
they are fully prepared to cope with the
walkout of the miners. Their objection
to the demand oMbe miners for a "mln.
Imum wage" la that It would bankrupt
them, and they can better bear the drain
that a general strike will entail. They
declare the demands of the miners out
rageous and exorbitant On the other
hand, the miners declare they can not
earn a, living wage under ithe conditions
of tha prevailing Agreement, which was
reached, In 1910., British miners are
paid on a piece work basis, and when
given poor coal strata to work with, a
miner can not dig enough coal to earn
his livelihood In the present days of high
cost , Of living. Accordingly Insistence
has grown for a minimum guarantee to
be paid by the owners, in event that a
miner does not earn more on the piece
work basis.' .v
' , The question of a "minimum" wage
has only arisen during the last two
years, the result largely of persistent
socialist agitation in the mining towns
and villages. The first resolution passed
In Its favor was by the federation con
ference last fall coincident with the elec
tion to the executive of "young and ex
treme men, Vernon Hartshorn ahd C. B.
Stanton: The resolution declared for a
general strike on November" 15, but the
delegates of the federation decided not
to strike at the time. After lengthy
negotiation with the owners, a referen
dum vote of all jjhe miners wastaken
In' Januaryi'resujUng In' aTlo lballo(
tn favor of a general walkout, the fig
ures being 445.601 against 115,921. .
. Slnoe then strenuous efforts have been
made to avert the approaching nation
wide disaster, but every attempt has
proved unavailing. The board of trade
pleaded with both owners and miners,
but neither side would concede a bit of
ground. A conference was then held by
the representatives of the miners on
February 13, which confirmed the de
cision calling for the strike. On the
same day, notice was served by 40,000
miners in Derbyshire that they .would
quit work next Thursday, and almost
daily thereafter miners In other dis
tricts have notified the owners of their
Intention to strike, the length of notice
required varying in different districts.
All the notices go . into effect next
Thursday.
Many wonder that some of the miners
have not "bolted the traces" and struck
before the notices go Into effect. Their
animus against the owners Is known to
be so strong In some places that it had
been expected many of them would, be
on ' strike, though unofficially, before
this time, ; - ;v-v.
Preparations are going on at a rapid
rate to partly, at least, guard against
the disaster that will . result from the
striker Many large firms have ordered
'importations of foreign coal, the great
est part of it coming from America, and
some from Germany. The navy in par
ticular has been taking speedy steps to
provide against the fleets being - ren
dered Into a state of incapacity by ina
bility to get coal. The admiralty office
has executed several large orders for
fdrelgn coal, and In the meantime has
caused every one of the gigantic col
liers to be loaded with all the domestic
coal It can hold.
:' There are various estimates a to how
long the coal. In stock will last after
the strike gets started. One familiar
with the situation said tonight that a
month wJU completely exhaust every ton
of available coal. But this Is not all.
Few large London cpnoerns have the
means cf storing coal, and some of the
most Important of them live literally
from hand to mouth, for the reason that
they use so much coal that any great
storage arrangements would be an Im
possibility. ., , -
An instance is seen in the generating
stations c of the London county council
tramways and others in the big electric
lighting and power 'companies. These
are mostly placed where coal can be de
livered by ship or barge, as required.
Then there are the huge vessels of the
mercantile marine. Coal is brought to
them bv colliers direct and they have
no coal in store. A fortnight's stoppage
would mean that no ships could leave
England's shores. . , . .; v.'' . ;
Coal ramlae"'Certala. ' ; ' f:
Because of the shortage ,of coal, many
great municipal undertakings ' Will be
driven to; their .Utmost ,tof. get coal for
the purposes of keeping going. Every
ton of .coal, some ; predict . after ' the
strike has been progress for a time,
will have to be moved under armed es
cortf for the transport wprkersaccord:
lng to opinion, will make "common cause
with the miners and refuse to handle
coal while the strike is on.
, . "Will, the whole British army . be
strong enough to maintain order under
such circumstances? - Will there not be
flnnrft'r' Of an actual civil warr ; These
miastinna were asked :. tonight by
speaker at a popular roasa meeting de
manding that the government, forcibly
Intervene and compel some jsystem of
arbitration. . . ' ; t
What the eventual outcome Of the
strike will be can not be forecasted; with
any certainty. There are too many ait
frnt thlnirs to consider. One specula'
tinn is to the effect that either the
miners will win a complete victory, br
the strike will end with the smashing
of the Miners' Federation, which In Its
23 year of existence has co6mpHshed
m.,h for the British miners. This event
ually is feared by some or tne oia iea-
ers in the union councils, wnu u
the acceptance of any (Compromise.
ThesA veteran leaders cue as an ar
gument S the experience or ue li.vvv
miners in the Cambrian colleries three
years ago. After holding out tor n
months and spending all the funds of
the' South Wales Miners' Federation and
MOO.OOO from , the Miners' Federation
of Great ' Britain they were obliged to
give in to the owners and return to
work" on the old basis, after not havlnr
bettered their conditions at all, -
E
IS
- (By the IntersittonsI Nw Bervlca.)
London. Feb. 24. Some Idea Of the
chaos which will result from the nation
al strike of miners that begins on March
1, has been supplied at Stalybrldge by
a strike of 200 employes in the corpora
tion's gas, highways-and sanitary de
partments. The town was in flaritness an mgni,
and remarkable scenes were witnessed.
Places of amusement were illuminated
hv means of oil lamos. There was a
great demand ror canaies irora snop
keepers, and they realized high prices.
A number of entertainments which had
been arranged had to be postponed :
The trade of the town was seriously
affected throughout the day. Ten thou
sand persons employed in the cotton
and iron industries were unable to be
gin work at the usual hour, and had to
finish at dusk. Work was at a' stand
still at all workshops where gas en
gines are used.
The strikers held a demonstration and
marched through the town carrying
torches.
The dispute was settled at a late hour
and the men resumed work In the morn
ing. TRAINED LEOPARD LEAPS
INTO FRANTIC AUDIENCE
- By the IntarMtloaal News Service.)
London, Feb. , 24. A sensational In
cident occurred at Bostock's Jungle at
Nottingham during a performance by
Mme. Morrelll with a troupe of leopards
and Jaguars. . , " ' .' ;
Two Of the leopards began to fight In
the arena. Mine., Morrelll belabored the
Princess Henry of Pless, who at the
carrlM tb'f t'H" fr mora
WORKERS
SfflK
IN BY
DARKNESS
beauty held reign In the) court of St. James for many years. Princess Pless-is typical of the English,
beauty. She is tali , and slender, exceptionally graceful in all her movements; with exceedingly fair'
complexion, violet bluS eyes and possessing an abundance of fair hair. . a ; ., r;
, i' :.;".'., "j. :: ..',.;.;..y : .: ',:.V.:".'V',;.,:. : :., , J .. ; ; .; ..." ','.-"
Conditions Almost Equal to
Famine That Prevailed After
OOOtTMenTeft PitsnB
Refused to Work Longer.
By Wellington Hope. t
- (By the Interinoual News Serrice.)
London. Feb. 24. At a time when the
country is menaced by a general stop
page of coal production, the terrible ex
periences during the last great struggle
between the coal owners and the miners
In 189S are recalled.
That was a disastrous epoch for sev
eral of the most Important industries.
The ' eotton trade of 'Lancashire was
paralysed by the lockout in the spinning
trade, which began-In October, 1892, and
was not concluded until April In the fol
lowing year.' 'All the other. Industries
dependent on' the "prosperity of cotton
suffered proportionately, and the priva
tions of the working classes constituted
a poignant tragedy in the history of
labor. The Hull dock strike followed,
and for several weeks the seaport was
Virtually In a state of civil war.
Then the long threatened troubles m
the mining Industry came to a head.
In 1890 an agreement had been reached
between the- employers and the pit work
era that wages should be calculated at
40 per cent advance on the standard of
1888. There was a period of depression
aggravated by the dislocation caused by
the cotton struggle, and the coal owners
gave notice of their intention to enforce
a reduction of 25 per cent on the ground
that the selling price of coal yielded no
profit with wages at the existing stand
ard.; -.
v i. , workers Take Stand. t ,
The answer of the men's leaders was
that the 40 per cent rate was the stand
ard living wage and , the irreducible
m Inlraum,. below which the ; workers
could not sustain themselves.
At th conference of delegates held
in Birmingham on July 18, it was re
solved to reslBt the reduction, ana wnen
the notices expired 280,000 underground
and surface men- lefVthe pits and some
20,000 others, to. whom the notices did
not apply, ; struck , in . sympathy, For
four months the fight was maintained,
the reserves of coal over a large area
were soon exhausted; many of the rail
ways had to suspend or reduce their
services; the Iron nd steel trades, the
textile, chemical glass and other Indus
tries of the north and midlands were
brought ultimately to a standstill, for
lack of fuel. ' v ,
Coal went to famine prices. In Lan
cashire canals were dredged for the
refuse from the barges, and even bowl
in areens were rooted up to collect the
cinders- laid for drainage. The .funds
of the' unions were soon exhausted; dls-
trpsa and nrlvatlon prevailed over
wide area and public feeling was deeply
moved. v ' "':
' " Fertonal Reminiscence Given.
I went through every phase ot this
bitter struggle as Journalist. In the
north6f England, and the black mem
ories of that time recur to ,me now Jn
the face of the threatened crisis, as an
object lesson of what may be before us
In tha event Of a national siriKe, i ven
ture to draw a picture of what I saw
during theeleyenth week of the lockout
In St. Helens, a typical Lancashire town,
the center of, a large coal field with
Important glass and chemical Industries.
Production and employment ahad
stopped', all works and collieries were
idle; and the signs o dire want ; were
visible on every hand. ; Groups of thin,
haggard men hung listlessly around the
streets, orderly but sadly., "clemmed,"
which Is Lancashire for starved. Help
was being received from sevesal funds;
the Salvation army here, as elsewhere,
did what they cfluld; the small shop
keepers gave long credit so long as they
were able; but 1t was only practicable
to give the women and children one good
meal a day and the men had to fend for
themselves as best they could. , .
A local publican of the best type had
openod a soup kitchen in the yard of
hiB inn. The miners' committee worked
with him, and they began by distributing
1000 dinners a day, a number which -waa
soon doubled. But even this substantial
provision, eked out by . other supplies,
was insufficient to do more than as
suage the worst pangs of hunger in a
certain number of cases, and those who
dined one day had to take their chances
the next'
animals with her whip to separate them.
. Hnrtflnnlv one of the leopards leaped
up to the top of the iron bars surround
ing the arena and bounded down among
the audience. v
The panic-stricken people rushed mad
1v nvAr rhnlrs and barriers to the doors.
Fortunately me leap iroin me iuy ui
the arena partiauy siunnea me leuuru
and attendants, by firing pistols and
using prongs, drove it back from the
spectators. -
age of 40 is considered the fairest
fha" flva yrn. Upv mnthnr la Mra
n j v" v if
L f - ' ' :' '
Mil - ; - t ' h v
f , f t "V -' I
.7 - ' ' ' i J
: i O . : j v Uf7
Ex Crown princess LoulBe of Saxony and Enrico Toselli. Signor Enrico
Toselli, who married ex-Crown Princess Louise of Saxony . has
.; ' brought suit against a woman residing in Brussels for J20.000 for
libel, accusing hef of being the author of the memoirs of bis wife,
which were printed In a Paris newspaper. Toselli says that the use
of his wife's name was a fraud. " '. -
Proverbial Home of Gaiety Is
; Becoming Stodgy and List
less as Compared With
Other Places.
Berlin, Feb. . 24. "Gay Vienna," of
tinkling glasses, beautiful women and
"Merry Widow" fame, la rapidly dlsap
pearlng. Only here and there la still
a trace of the life that has made the city
world famous.' "Gay Vienna" has be
come a misnomer. Its gayety la dead
whwn compared to that of Berlin and
Paris and only the beautiful operettas
and sensuous dreamy music of Fram
Lehar, is keeping this fame alive. The
straets at night, formerly presenting a
lively animated picture of cosmopolitan
lite, are fclmost deserted by 10 o'clock.
In sharp contrast to those of Berlin.
Perfect Type of Beauty
woman In all Europe. The princess
- Vllllam: nnrawallla-JW eatr-Wh
IWVrvStr V.i- v till
PUNGil
VEXESCRAFTIKT
Stovemaker Voluntarily Con
fesses to One Murder and Is
Honestly Mystified When a
Second Corpse Is Found.
(Publishers' Press Lrtied WIrs.)
Paris, Feb. 24. A bizarre story of
love, revenge, and the - corpse of an
unknown woman, are elements of a
grizzly mystery that is disturbing the
soul of W: Goulchard. the new head of
the Paris detective force The proprie
tor of a hotel In the Rue De La Lune,
near the Pont St. Denis, heard a ser
vant girl of 22, Susan Le Tourneau cry
ing for help. In a few seconds several
shots were heard. On entering her room
he found her lying on the floor With
two bullets in her head. The assailant
had 'escaped. The girl was removed to
the hospital. Two hours later a man
called on the local commissary of po
lice: ' - - - -
Admits Shooting Woman.
"I am the assailant of Susan Le
Tourneau," he said.. "My name Is Pierre
Tlerrl, 7 years of age, and I am a
stovemaker by trade. Susan left me
some time ago, but I could not live
without her so J quit my job and began
to search for her. I found her but she
would Lot come back so' I shot her. I
live at the hotel Pes Deux." He was
locked up. ;
. A : policeman was sent to Tlerrl's
hotel, where the landlord said the man
had a room, and was of good character.
The officer asked to - see -the room.
Lying -on the bed partly dressed was
a woman, face to the wall. Trying to
awaken her his hand touched the face
of a corpseshe had teen"stranled and
had been dead two day's. The body was
Identified as that of a laundress named
Yvonne Durand aged 29. Entirely un.
known at the, hotelno one had seen
her enter the "place. Naturally Tlerrl
was accused of the murder. But when
the police told him Qf their discovery
he seemed, as genuinely surprised as
the officer who found the corpse, ,
Mystery of Corpse.
"What the corpse of a woman In my
room? It Is Impossible," he declared.
"I do not know a girl of such name
and I can prove I have hot been in
my hotel for three days." Subsequently
Tlerrl established an alibi. But an em
ploye of, the hotel testified that when
he had carried towels into Tlerrl's room
two days before the body was found a
woman was lying on the bed apparently
sleeping, xnis was at 4 o'clock, or
within an hour of the time Tlerrl left
the hotel.
So the mystery is unsolved and M
Goulchard has ' the finest opportunity
to prove mat ne is a second Vldocq.
NEW ENGLISH LAW MAY
LIMIT USE OF "BANK"
London, ten. zi. There is every
prospect tnai me government will Intro
duce In the present session of parlia
ment a bill to put an end to the wide,
spread abuse of the word "bank." Re
cent - failures, notably that of " tha
Charing Cross bank, have emphasised
the need of state action.
It Is understood that the bill will
provide fos v ytBtf --Kovornmrtt
Inspection In the case of private banks
and ample securities being placed by all
new bafaks. . . 1 w
The reform which such a bill would
oming Session of Pariiam cr.t
at Rome Will See First Sally
in Campaign of "Votes for
Women"
By Hnry , Wood,
(tnlted Prew L4 Wlrs.4'
Rome. Feb. 24. At the coming s- '
slon of parliament, the women of Italy
will engage In their first skirmish ror
suffrage. .
The suffrage campaign In Italy nas
differed greatly ' from those in om?r
European countries, in that It has been
conducted with lack of publicity. It
has been exclusively in the hands or
the educated women and since not a
line about the struggle has scarcely ever
appeared In the public press, the great
er part of the female population is not
even aware of ihe movement
The fact however, that the llmita
number of women, largely Roman ma
trons,; who- are baxk-of-the movement
are confident that they will be able to
get a hearing this year beforet parlia
ment, would indicate that tney nave
really done bard and extensive campaign
wurn. : i- " - . .'
The opportunity for getting the de
sired bill before parliament comes fronv
the fact that the principal Item of busi
ness that will be disposed of this year
la an, electoral reform bin aesignea
a-rant oractlcally universal suffrage to
all classes of men in Italy. The wom
en are confident therefore tnai tne oui
can be amended so that at least a part
of their number will be given the right
to vote.
Kaa Its Bang-era,
However, to orf set this favorable op
portunity. lies the cartalnty that If the
clause for woman's suffrage should
prove an obstacle to the passaga of the
electoral reform bill. It would be smoth
ered without discussion. Premier Gio
Utti's .elevation to power and the elec
tion of a parliament to back him was
based largely upon his promise for gen
eral suffrage In Italy and It la not ex
pected that he will permit the efforts
of the women to stand in the way of
gettlag his pet measure through parlia
ment, . :,,'"''.', ' s' '
The electoral reform bin Is now fn
the hands of a commission upon the
members of which the Roman matrons
are bringing influence-to secure the In
sertion of a clause for women. So far
they have been asked to reduce their
demand to the lowest possible terms,,
and have been assured that If they do
not ask too much the clause may be In
serted lthe general reform bill. '
The woman's committee has therefore .
decided to ask for the present only that
theright of suffrage "tstr 'gTanted to '
women "laureate," or those who have
received university degrees. In Italy
the men themselves have only secured
the right of franchise section by sec
tion and the women feel that their bet
chance for success la' to demand the
right in the same manner. In making
their preliminary demand, therefore, thu
women feel that they will disarm the
possibility jOf opposition on the grounds
oi Doin inieueciuai ana pnysicai un
fitness. Naturally, even should ' the commis
sion agree to Insert this clause in ttrj
electoral bill for the women, it will
then be necessary to secure permission
from Premier Glolltti, "The Iron Man
of Italy," to allow it to be discussed In
parliament. However, ell of the wom
en relatives of Glolltti are aligned with
the movement and the committee In
charge Is depending entirely upon theso,
through the subtle winning Influences
which the Italian women can always
bring to bear, to secure for them the--desired
permission. --;..- ,
Proponents fat Sanest.
Just how much this movement means
to some of the women who are fighting
so quietly for it. can possibly be Judged
from the statement by Lady Glaclnta
Martini Mareschoti, the founder of the
movement In Italy, and who is still Its
leader.
'l have fought so much and suffered
so' much for this ideal," she declared.
" I have Uound to this-hop so much
of my very life, that I would die con
tent if we were able to attain It even
In the most Infinitesimal part But
while we would be content now even
with the recognition of the right of
women to vote, wsr do not mean that
it should apply only to the intellectual
class for Whom we are first demanding
it I believe that all Women who wor
and think should have this right, no
matter how humble they are. But w
cannot hope to. come to this grand con
cession all at once and therefore w
shall be satisfied. If as the men have
done, we can approach It by degrees.".
RAILROAD MONEY WILL '
FIGHT THE SOCIALISTS
' (By t& International News Service.)
London, Feb. 24. -At the half-yearly
meeting of the Metropolitan Railway
company, 1500 was voted to be paid as
a subscription to the antl-Soelallst un
ion of Great Britain lA futherance of the
propaganda. . .. ,.- ,
-A director pointed out that the dis
turbance lirrallway circles, was almost
entirely due to the agitation of Social
ists, and as railway shareholders were
affected they should help to expose the
false statements- and impossible prom
ises of the agitators. ' '
Lord Aberconway, who - was fllr
Charles McLaren,'-a Radical M. P pre
sided and said the board were In sym
pathy but it wouffT perhaps be better
not to press the resolution, as it was
not considered In order. ,
Mr. Pownall pressed for a vote, and
the resolution was carried amid ap
plause. '- - :' ; -'7 ; '
Iceland Attracts Investor!.
(By th Intermitlonal lirmt Swrlre.)
Copenhagen. Feb. 21. Frenchmen ars
new beginning to take great Interest in
Iceland. - A. French company has bought
Thoilahslmvu, the best harbor In south
ern Iceland, and will Improve It with a
View to developing the export tra'le
The company' aires dy is the owner of n
waterfall of 200,000-horsepower not far
from the harbor,- end will use tho wa
terfall in connection with saltpetre factories.:'-
') " r : k .,-: y '..;.-...
secure has long been; urged by leadln
financiers, and it is considered Ilk".'
that the measure .will encounter ItuU,
If any. opposition. '
; On the Charing Cross" bank cns, th
fury at the Old Bailey added to ihm-
considered that thcr smiuhl be mv
to prevent tne usu of : the tiini or ur
title of barik' by im-o..i i!lt) ,i-.t-sons."
.'