;.)
r
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, JANUARY 21, 1912.
.ri'frKaj'V-;.':: ggAizgMAiroHAi- J '(4yB '' fill V'- ' , -nwUl plitM j i' U"S. ?t r$
H. B, . ;h -' ; ; ;
I I I ' ? i A V, , , 'I'll I I:':- - -S f
..""I
Conditions in China Reviewed by
Miller of Portland, for Five Years
Consul-General to That Country
Written for The Sunday Journal by Will
- T. Ktrk.
1 HILE the great Chinese Empire.
with Its more than 400,000,000
almond eyed Inhabitant, is
writhing In. ihe throes of a
revolution and Its rivers are
W
OF. QIXlX. a. x-x
cities from which the mode of punish- "They continued to war against the
ment has descended. One of the favorite Chinese and finally mastered them from
modes o "capital punishment" in the the great wall to Peking, where they
Flowery Kingdom is to place the victim captured the throne and overthrew the
In stocks, with a pile of brick under his Ming dynasty. v
feet, then one by one remove the brick "The Chinese had become a strong
until v a Ik .uinAnilMl hv im iA1r Tva mmmnli1 rjLfA a rtMt of mprrhunt
running red with the blood of thousands weeks time is usually consumed in re- and the spirit of war and conflict had Shanghai paid for his post In 1J0 cence, but asks the simple question of
whose lives are a sacrifice to the evo- moving the bricks, the whUthe victim died out among them to such an extent about 200,000 gold dollars. This money how much the magistrate wants. If the
lution of a nation that has clung to su- is given neither drink-nor food but dies that they accounted it. brutal and dla- was paid to higher, officials 'who con- amount comes within the scope of his '
perstltion and paganism while the rest a slow, tortuous death. honorable for a man to fight. There trolled the appointing power at Peking, financial abilities, or that of his friends,
of the world marched on In the light There la no more deplorable and rot- was no honor to be gained by military Every official In China pays tribute to the amount Is paid and he Is set free,
of modern civilization. It Is interesting ten government on the face of the earth prowess. For a man to use physical the man higher up. "The government of China, therefore, -
to get a glimpse, through the eyes of than the Manchu government In China, Is force marked him a brute and indicated Thlf purchase of official positions is Is perhaps the most worthless, Immoral
one who has spent ten years of his life the opinion expressed by Mr. Miller, who that he did not have sufficient intelli- franlt and open and understood, and rotten of any government on the 1
In the Orient, five of them as United gives and interesting account of the es- pnce to make his war by ' j!" No mn in China expects to secure an face of the earth. K very good lllustrs-
States consul-general In China, of the tablishment and rule of that dynasty. . brains. This had been the spirit of the offlc,ai position by any other method, tion of the worthlessness of the Manchu '
present upheaval In China and of the There are , 4,000,000 Manchu who for Chinese for centuries and dominated Tha mag1,tratea or Judges secure posl- government and Its failure to assist in
conditions which brought it to the sur- snn un hav hMn rulers over 400. 000.. tneir soolal philosophy. No other thought - h. an mmuik nMtutin. iniu. k i.
Vt ' - 000 Chinese. was permitted In the Ch inese social ai d themselves by a tax upon the criminal exemplified In the methods of protection Md on the coast ! They aw from Ou- revolution. From ray own point of -Hew
It is generally understood that what "The present occupants of China are J01"10" conomy until they were de- Casses or by some other equally demora- devised and carried on by the merchants ton. Ningpo. Soochow and other districts I certainly cannot think, that -Chin Is
is cal.ed the new and progressive China ot the original people of that country," 'eawd by the Japanese. 1 " Using method. of Manchuria. ... !,. .,.. n.. ft Th.v any sense prepared for a republic 1
lstrate In China for any cause r crime, brought from the interior by carts and V m ZT T uPenor lo Jne M,n be able to establish a republic tn any
"As the Msnchus were strong fighters.
il ' ulnww" i"" the Chines, were satisfied
Manchu ruleraaa usurper of the-thron.1an;omknownas-therelLn04reoordo p erm,t ''5?
and call them foreieners. and. If thev , Th. h. iHvn ernment anoTdo their fighting for them.
are foreigners, why JOO.OOO.OOOXhinese from the coast and rfvera to the 'J.l .,!lf..- kT?-Av?- -5 accused never undertakes to argue his of onamsn. which Is scattered generally liability and Integrity. The commercial the commercial
have submitted for Jttree centuries to be mountain fastnesses. They hare pecu- JJ mln'i" nnhi?. rlnt" or Privileges, or claim his Inno- throughout Manchuria, and is . used by morality of the Chinese associated with marvelous step
iutiu nu irn.s uf ,uuu,vvu wancnus nar features , tnat:, resemoie me oia - ' .! ,
are tnings wmcn are not Known except Greek type, as also does their dress. "'""Z? '", z!
aka.av , 1- - - . . . ... m u . : nVani1(a1ne Thar W A a lha faalln htnl
do not believe the revolutionists will
Is Strutrarlinv to throw off tha trnlr of ..i iiia. rkiv an itlll ram
a dynasty that has held these 400.000.000 ... of t, original trlb in the nro- Manchua Are Fighters.
of people In abject Ignorance and stag- vine. of Yunnan, la. the mountains in the -Am the Msnchus war ilrnnr firhtera. he never thinks of trrlnc to nrore his teams for hundreds of milaa Purina- h chus. They-are munh more able, acute thins- but name. However. I exneot and
nation for more than 300 years. But nnf)istim nart of China near Tibet. .-- . n.. ' .... lniuana hra,r Innnmnt ha mav Via wlntar mnnthr ant ami anla ... and reliable. -It ShOllld be ' Understood hona that tha mat flnanotal anil mar.
no lawyers are permuted. Tne roagis- orougni aown ine rivers m boats during tnai mere mr-o uuiewnce oe- cuuia interests or mat country win oe
trate acts as prosecutor and judge and the summer. There is a large, well or- tween the official classes and the mer. r able, to establish atrong and substan
tias supreme powe( and control; So the ganlxed military force, under the control chant classes of China In the way of re- tlal government practically controlled br
classes.; That will be a
of nroarress and will lead
a police force' for tne Business organisations ana gunas i the way to some form of government
to those whovt have made a study of
Chinese history. ,
Interesting sidelights are thrown on
the Chinese situation by, H. B. Miller,
who served a year during the Boxer up
rising witn tne united states consul
Their forms of art resemble In char
acter thoaerof the Greek.
''I have a vase 600 years old made by
these people, which has no Chinese lines
chandlslng. That was the feeling which
has permitted the Manchus to hold con
trol over the Chinese government for
S00 years. The Manchus, however, have
New Zealand Ft
nance
the Intimate relationship between the old
.. .i, Tha.. .how never succeeded In establishing a good.
m Ml UiOf i vttaMiv evi6iuuiQUi IU a 1 1 yait
of China, not even In Manchuria.
"Their system of government estab- -It
shed an offlolal classeparate and dis
tinct from the merchant class, which had
district : He was there during the Rus- Interest In tlw development
general - In Shanghai and served four WOrld and China, la the early periods.
years as united States consul-general Tng race is shy and much more civil
ii M"nhuHa' where he had charge of and gentle than; the present, . Chlness.
" yt- " cuuniry in ma. it Is not a fighting race,
district, He was there during -the Rus- -a... .ivina- hau- th
so-Japanese war, during which time he , th coast and the rivers, the Chi
also represented Japan In Manchuria. ... north and. about 1000 vaara
N
ICW ZEALAND has some rather
or improvement or even the substantial
protection of the people generally. The
this chief either as
the protection of trafflo Or as a band of perhaps, as high' as any. In the world, fitted to "the people of China.
robbers to prey on traffic. This organ- while the reliability, integrity and truth- "The marvelous thing In this revel u
Isatton at times has thousands of armed fulness of the official class is perhaps tlon to me Is the - spirit and coorase
men. During my sojourn, to Newchang, of the lowest order. w . j ! being shown by the masses of the people
I M ImXa, y, 1 !. U a. ta.aal atf iLI. . 'TV . mANthsnTl ' Ai? SVl tm VvaBJ mA a . aV I aS aVl . .
-?nJ 'it.?K!a. ban1' known th Hunghtse, was es- through their splendid organisation of from domination of the Manchu yoke.
VVl nlffi It s. T wrvfn!. tabllshed in every city. This office levied ruHds. have developed a. character for it Is difficult to believe that these peo
t .-iiitin- a tax on every cart coming Into the city commercial and business transactions , pi are so seriously in earnest as te be
r.rj. M-h h tt.i Z.Z tTOm interior and on every cart leav- that can hardly be equalled and not sur- willing to sacrifice so much In life and
l! of 'Lout 14 Tooo ooo on VmS. th.v ln tor th Interior carrying produce, passed anywhere. They do not rely upon treasure for the causa of liberty,
ltal of about 140.000,000, on which they B o.Vmint of thlit tax tha vara courts or of flclals or government for the it r-M.. ..n
mv a s najr aant tut. nut witnaut at. . - - - - - - '. . J.. . . r . . . . " .
r - . . h .n. n r. a r iii,..kt.. . i nnprvi inn ,nr mn.on. 'np . rnv mnfun,
Fw!"" ..f !J!Ur"Llf 5.!fLm.tC lowed to travel unmolested. They were Their
faiiDi jb vii v avs.va,a suv iiigs vnase
correction or misdeeds or bad conduct, fitted to its people and conditions as the
members are tried within their government of JsDan. with aa much wls-
glven small flags to carry, which was a own organisations for any offense and dom and patriotism on. the part, of the
in juotituuiio. i,... mova norm ana, iooui iiruu ir . z:v''. . " - .t. i . n.i i .t.,,,
rv v yew; as consul- a(f0, when all t Manchuria was a part J tt lnnabltanti At ,1fn the tax? was paid. To travel an expulsion from a commercial organl-; off totals and leaders a. dominates and
general in Janan. until hi naaith hpnira "2 .i... ......... tk. irn.n. type conducted expressly for the benefit counts, or. one 10 s.s innanitants. At .,K.t hl. -,nai.tin ... i-i..ii,i.' utinn m niM ta nrantinaiiv nnmmar. ...
Ha returned to 'Portian r.Iri.."". of the officials. Practically all taxes the close of the year 1909. the credit wT. ...TlII.Xw.; "K""""M ZTJ-u.-Z ;V"i.., ' "".r"-r .Vf" '"z
:rV.l.-r2 ."VrrtTr" aiW q-vium wuu , , . -.. .-!.-.. nf all annnunta waa K1.8 li 1S - an a v. "uuw wjr muiKu. , --v.. . j wuuia muria siriaes . or progress tnai
Ti-a.-a w..; e. . -r-' 7 ana OCCupiro, m.buu...a r.n, offlolala ant llttla n- nana waa
-.an av.
r "The same system was In ; force alone -their -code.' found -guilty: Is cractlcally hdum itnn th. .nru tk. at
The boats rumea ror lire. , 1 China Is Its a-overnment and official
i 4. . that tlma an' tiaran tna . - : nalfl a oartalM amnnnf Top narmlaalon to tSV inia mptniM or trvina1 uu orran- rpi.... i. l..i. - V. K..a ...
1. t,.lkJ -1.1 . -'" " " -V.. ,,"Aa an llloatratlon of th. nt.nt tn DOSltS UD tO I14B0. and Der Cent Ott r T . T . . rl " a- - . J . . . . a .... f .a . uu ir
V,D u Japanese construction of their own cities. rr.. " "7.7 r " "'.Jl rf..it. f-om inin tv.vn ik. travel witnout Deing moieetea. ana none a-r oy a way ai ms own ciass. dubi- tts Improvement until that aovernment
"The cninese grew up in iuancnuria ... ... .,.,ti- 12920 no interest la nald axcent
are not onlv overthrown hut entlrnl an.
versies arose oetween ine organization "ii-nuiu iuniy w mannuuu, u u uy ; nlnllated. - v v ...., .. .'',
and the merchants' , guilds as to the mis metnod and not by the official or
Breiee andKastwenty little or nona was -rage ?, wu for . ccounTh. tha-rVVer." during the ammer
north, n the Irvlngton district.' which Manchuria "at that time and began the J!l Pub.Uo.we'far-. ; r. fi.-a HaV f f?. d-" paid a certain amount for per
otlon of their own cities. ' . uiuaumuon or me extern xo " :'.""--". r I.-T: . T.!"" travel without being moleeted
,e Chinese grew up in Manchnrla TAVAJlTrJZ.- i im-.' i.VaT 4-, rM k.-!. dared to undertake a trip without the ness and condition, they have establishes! and a official character and rottenness
. . - .a . a. . ti . aiory iuiu o mi .uvwoioBni aBiauiian- 7---- - a th. a . Inm.Hn.. onntrn. a avatam that maltaa fop honop an1 a 1 . u... .
. . v. . . ... .. in a raLnar uu waj a. m... ...... . . ... . . . j. Ifih. mitlfnf Mir whldli miv Am th. v. .... .....m - m iiv& uimi vvniuivwa uui tnumi Bl
wot caay xor KepuDliC . developed into several wild tribes, scat. "m"'?Z nTaVi ,m ,.t. f
- "I do not think that China la In any tering through thewlld mountain dls- ' T-th ii&rtli
.onaa nnixMil fop a Mnnhiin" ..u - ..i.t. Th. tplhAa hnrama aenarated. .- "er Having aeveiopaa. inio a ana pro- : .
ltable InsUtutlona, which may draw the pnvnnt 1
maximum rata for any amount thav versies a
.. . t ana ine mercnams , guiioi u . w ino . mcmuu iuu u miwuu t , - "Whether this revolution will prove a
The government loans money to sat- amount or tax mat anouia om paia w iuiMiuu .t81iiii.. m. IU success at present depends primarily up-
tlement workers -and local bodies on the highwaymen for protection, in sucn, ob qualities existing in tninese cnarac- on ltB financial support. ; If It hes the
first mortgage security, and guaran- cases the trs.fflo on the river waa always ter have been developed. The merchants means at Its back It will undoubtedly
t " '.J T V " ?.T r . ' ..1. k tha mhhar nnllpa until tha therefor, never have -had anv . fppllnir .u. 1 J
uwi.u " j MHUB wu wiua u , , one man 110" k " u. .u. M. mv. tees tne pay men w. unaer certain oonai- r . ----- ,- - - .7. . " 1 rz wiwum .um ujnijr,' 4 n prun
-Thus he strikes at the hon tha tP anii Cmi master of all the tribes tho mountains on tha backs of men. The "" a "V- J matter was adjusted. of sympathy or good. will toward Man- i.m of pMnatr.otio tt pJ.Io.
young Chinese who are the nplratlon of Manchuria and established a Manchu as.oclatlona fit also fur- "This condition had undoubtedly ex- ch officials. There "has bi-nno re- ot u. new government fitted to modern
aiJa backbone of the present rebellion, empire. , The first capital was at UJ nMM-lmaA and builds hemes for work- lted during; the; whole, history of the -pect or community of Interests between conditions will be. the work of years t.
But Mr. .Miner says ne believes great yang - where it ; remainea a snort time . , ; . ,Z. i-Z V-...1.V '21 era under certain conditions, u i Mnncnus in mancnuna, ana ui .vwim jiw'uwvraui, v.. i come."
good is going to be accomplished for and then was removed to Mukden, where ""l"""- 1. 'YZZZ .'"Tha Ntw Zealand State Guaranteed '.. was never able or never tried to nowi oiassea.
aAnaa n MrS Ba.yV foH at -aviliklla II a. J B- fT 1. a. ! Vvaa SS KaSftCl VWt Sk SAHI t tkA
Mi"f!:, ,.d2.n. ""!?. h.?j "vo,u- bout 800 W'!! taad l' tha "utheVn Mrt 2f th-Tne:
tiuniaia win uo auia esiaoiisn a re- vere coniucia ntimcu iuv ' uii , Vl,.n. . l.i.a ...tL
nt,u. m .hthii,. . p. n , , a. of th. wiM mnii. xunnan and were carried north across
yuviiw aaa o eatstaaava , (juv laics. II gion ua- vu.
China by the revolution. He haa great palaces were built and thacgovernment Xlt1tLi
faith in the abllltv and wisdom of tha ..a firmlv established. 1 V t,tl, i, -,f-mmt at Peking sent representatives
govern-
faith to the ability and wisdom Of the Was firmly established. . ' t "".r;"" a what w.e
merchant class of Chinese and believes "They didn't remain- InacUva long but .&$JJZ.&iZ
If they, have an opportunity to control soon began enoroaenments-on tne cm--ZZiiLi-miZ-Y
the govermentihe forward march In thomese south tjf tha great watlr which was r"'"..8?" vln.- w. tJInf
.... Pivtiiaation of tha hi .ti.t.H h th. fhinaaa to kaan nut found that largo revenues were, being
nese empire, will have begun.
The merchants submitted
Advances Aot," passed In 109. prorldes aradlcate the evlt . A magistrate or vloe-. to the of(ieui. domination of the Man
for an office, the superintendent of m order to maintain, any form of re- chus wlth the expectation that the Man
whlch may lend money for purchasing "P-ct or consideration, war compelledchus' flghUn flUlltiea and power
or . erecting dwellinno any employet Pay tribute to these organised, lnde-. m itotaln tha-integrity; of the. country
whose Income Is not more than 7I pendent robber polloe. Whenever a chief and protect it against foreign foes.
per annum, and Is not the owner of any tain or captain was uepo- 07 an - .. awai .
th. a-ppat hordes ot ' the . north.. The o"acted, but the officials in charge or . . th. .iiAtm., nn fldaL he took his band into the moun- the Manchu ,u government -and - of-
. . . . tha; fkA.1. aava aa .Tftl.n.tl.n frt. Unf ... . -..-. - ..... .L - . ... a..l.iit- ii a
It la proposed to build. The advance tains and immediately Decants tne neaa nciai i-imjc wui !"', un
II Wanted to Go Home.
' From the Washington Utar.
r' A men who takes his vacation la Nor
thern' Michigan every, summer brought
back .to-, Cleveland the other ; day, "
the Plain Dealer, a man servant who ha t
nover been tn a city before. The sight
Euclid 1 avenue im-
Recently he
ItM years, until the officers madeterma with him China have no further use for them, and pressed him peculiarly. , R
s' Dwellings' and paid him and his band to become are endeavoring to form a new govern-went to his employer and said
t' tha n. DOllcemen again. - ' ' ' ' ' ' .. ment that will meet modern conditions, ; "Mr Eberganlt, I guess 111
.-... ...... anMM. . I. . -. .... W..I .1.. MP . ha wall Aw.p MiAnnt. n. ..... "-- " " .w. .v.
ment may. take. It is generally believed. and across valleys for hundreds of miles "".f.'Ci
It will mesn the opening up to , China was a feat as great as the digging of thV JlJSJ..-
of modern progress, and will prove to be Panama - canal wWch Is thetnarvel of tn nstomg orriciats.
the Chinese torch of olvlllxatlon In tha the present age. ; This wall was con-')... n Jai- '
far east. - ? :.;y:.' , ;fs ; ; struoted on the border line between tha Office. Bought Openly.
It is difficult for" the western mind to two countries. .'This Is a good Illustration of the
comprehend the awful benighted condl- "By their continuous confliots among general policyand character of the of
tlon out of which young China Is trying themselves- the tribes of the north had flclal organization of the ' Manchus
to lift the emnire today. When Gover developed a strong fighting-spirit. The throughout China, Men receive appolnt-
nor Oswald West took a stand against Manchus, as a race, had developed strong ments as viceroys and governors of prov- Ings do not exceed $851.81 per
om.lt.l .. n,A anln.. t . Ma. a h.rw nhvatou.. Thfl Dir. mnih an.. Itwia. inJ tantala. op irnvarnora of oitl.a tK. Mimliii. r H f . to ha nalil toet.tha
rello of bnrbarlsm, he had but to point to perior in- physique and endurance to by the most plain and openhnnded pur-, with t per cent tnterost) in installments' Manchus. but are tha people who: have a republlo Is, undoubtedly a serious ques. past this house today, and I g'jei
nhlna to find an illustration of the atro thejnaln Chinese race. ' . cbase, For Instance, tha taotal or' mayor covering SIM yeara ' developed aouth of the Tangtse river tlon in the minds ef the leaders of the land ain't a healthy town.
".'."..- ' -''. '' r ' v.: r' :;v'; ...,', .v v..r : V"v ' : ' :
is secured by mortgage and must be re- of an out and out robber organisation nona. tne great commercial interests or "-" ,""a
paid, ' with Interest, within
There la also a "Workers'
1 . . wklAk . ....I .. ' K. ' . V. . . . ..llniim.n BMl
ernor and council or ths minister of i "This aiwaya nac Deen me general type mauataut ; a . integrity-. v toe cvuniry -.- . , .
labors may set aside crown landT and of government r carried on throughout and give it an upward movement along Why, Jim, haven t we treated ej
mav ereot - or - alter - bulldina-a to ha Manchuria, x wnill it, nas not oeen ot muuera uan vi- niuwuun. Buieniniu ui-, wen
anitabU for workers' dwelliniie. Thriaa such violent nature In other portions of dustry and general progress. This is - "Top,
may be sold to employes whose
have t g
i. Th-aa such violent nature In other portions of dustry and general progress. This is - "Top. treatment ail riant, r jt r i
me earn- China. In moral quality the official gov. tha fundamental reason for this great scared about my h-alth.
annum, ernment differs but little from. it. , . rebellion. ' , ' . . , "Are you slc Jimr
(together '"The merchants of China are not tha, .. "Whether or not China Is prepared. for 'Nope. But I s-en four fun'.-
X
r