THE OREGON LDAILY JOURNAL; ' PORTLAND -THURSDAY . EVENING," MARCH - 2.181 L
Begins With Preparation of
Stump and Takes Learners
AlqnglUntil ,LastWet Root
: Is Burned Out.
-.. Charplttlng of stumps Is ' atta&tlnff
mora and mora interest In western Or
egon and southwestern Washington
where there are, thousands upon thoti
aanda of logged off lands ' waiting to
be cleared ,nd r.niaxje , productive.1 , ,To
Wo.4ipitheltuno)a--lthrnainlta:-l
an expensive operation, but It held
that by employing the charplttlng meth
od stumps can '"be removed at; trohv 26
to 60 cents each. Another important
feature is' that charplttlng leaves the
top soli undisturbed, whereas by- blast
Ing poor soil Is brought up from1 below
with " thJ. roots of the 'stumpvv "' y 7?
A number of Inquiries have been re
ceived by , The Journal the .past few
days seeking Information on charplttlng.
For the benefit of those interested, ex
cerpts from an address delivered by W.
H. Sparks, supervisor of demonstration
farms. . Washington state college,. Pull
man, Wash., before the 'Ffcrm Pro
ducts association at Everett, Wash., fol
low: . ,- . 'v
-"Nearly 'everyone knows, who has ex
perience In clearing land, that any old
wet-or- perfectly - green timber -'can be
burned, providing we have enough good
fuel for starting, and we pile onto a
good fire, while by itself no amount or
coaxing will avail. Let us Investigate
some of these causes. First we have the
match tipped wltii a mixture of such
highly combustible material that very
Blight friction csuBes Ignition which In
turq sets fire to tha stem of the
match, this f Iros the shavings, tha
shavings the kindling and so on, tha
more favorable material by the heat
generated preparing the next.
Am Opn Air XUnstratlon.
"If you will shave off a ribbon of wet
wood and apply a burning match to tha
endby observing closely you will see a
change in the color of that wood; that
most exposed to tha flames Of the
matctvbeing dried, burns and dries oth
la i . . g
er portions, the water' being evaporated
as the burning proceeds and if burned
In the open air will result in more or
less complete conibustlon, leaving noth
ing but the ash. If We would confine
the. heat generated within . a email
space around the wood,, the drying' and
burning would te greatly facilitated,
and again when we can control the
amount of air, aiJmUtlpg only sufficient
for slow combustion,, thus driving off
the gases and carbonizing (charcoaling)
the fiber in the wood, we have the es
sential factor in charcoal burning. We
have learned fiom the' miners of Alaska
that old logs In frozen gravel can be
burned by building a little fire at one
end in such a way that as tha "burning
proceeds the frozen . gravel will be
thawed and fall down and cover the
flre.y,In the, same way engineers tell
ua who, have laid logs over a swampy
piece of aground as a firsts foundation
for a roadbed, covering over with soil,
that in dry season If the ends of these
logs-get on" tre,--the fire will-follow
the XuU tvlength ',of . the log under ; the
grade, .thus bprnlng old Vtt material
that ' could not possibly be. burned in
the open,?,; ' . " ; y.y -V;.' . ; yy,,
i : ' How to Prepare for Charplttlng. '
"This principle applied to the stump
we have called charplttlng and on fa
vorable soil we prepare the stump by'
reraovlng-the bark down to the ground
and if the stump Is green or has some
water soaked sap wood, we believe that
chopping ' through ' the 'sapwood "In a
few places to tha live wood below will
aid the flr reaching good wood. We
next procure sfcne dry wood, broken or
cut, about the slse of ordinary stove
wood, and selecting some of the best
for our start, wa pile tha wood around
tha base of the, stump, commencing on
tha side of a tump from which the wind
is blowing so that when our fir a is
lighted the wind will assist in carrying
the fire around the 'stump. We so ar
range our wood that it will be continu
ous all around the base of the stump,
tha top of each succeeding stick' lapping
Into or alongside of that preceding it
and so arrange that It will burn and
that the fire will follow. The amount
needed will vary with the size and con
ditions of the stump; in extreme dry
weather a small quantity of the old dry
material will suffice, but as the wet
season and- general unfavorable condi
tions advance we must use more fuel
and look carefully to the start.
"A good wheelbarrow load will usual
ly be sufficient Tor the average stump,
say inches in diameter. This com
pleted, we gather up some pieces of
bark, rotten wood, chips or ferns If they
are convenient, filling in around the top
of the wood to keep the dirt cover from
falling in between the fuel and the
stump on the start and with a shovel
cover over the wood from the ground
to the stump at the to top of the wood
with the exception of a small opening
left on the side-where we have put our
kindling for the first start, where we
usually put some bark or old chunks of
wood arranged in such a way as to
prevent the' dirt from falling Jnto' the
fife on the start s Wa wind, that many
who have heard of this method have a
wrong impression of thlS Teover,--bellev-ing
that the whole stump must bs cov
ered over, which is wrong. We cover
but a., small portion of the average
stamp, a layer of three or four inches
of soil over our wood being ample, and
this soli should be spaded up and laid
onto the wood with reasonable care. Do
not stand off at a distance and throw
tha soil, as this would bers.k the soli
Into small particles, which would be
mixed with tha wood Instead of being over
the wood. Avoid tamping or packing the
cover, leaving tha soil loose and open, and
purposely so placing the first shovel
fuls around tha base at tha ground so
that there will ba small openings to admit
air on the start, covering closer as we pro
ceed up toward the top of the wood. We
thing It advisable to use a few shovel
fuls of fine soli aound the stump at
the upper part of the wood after the
covering of soil has been put op so as
to olose the small openlnga at the top
of our pt, as tha heat generated by our
first fire would ' have a tendency to
rise and escape through any openings.
We want to conserve the heat and con
centrate it onto the stump.
y Preparations for Pnilt Firing.
"The preparation of the- stump and
first firing Is much the greater part of
thaiwork, ; We canrefford tejise some
careen this first work. We soon learn
to judge the -right conditions by experi
ence, a light covering being more favor
tibia to rapid burning, but not so good a
protection against adverse conditions
such as rains or high winds. We learn
that yblue smoke issuing through some
of th small holes in the covering indi
cates , the burning of the carbon and
calls; for. mora cover. A dense white
smoke , indicates , escaping gases and
steam and right conditions. Gradually
tha fire eats Its -way into the stump and
after tha first day does not need at
tention oftener than each morning and
each evening,, when all fire showing be
yond or through the covering should be
covered over, pushing the hot earth next
to the fire over onto .the fire and re
plenishing with, fresh, earth as often as
necessary to, keep, cover of sufficient
thickness, - but -when the top of the
stump la burned off, complete the cover.
'' Boots Xeally Bam.
"This practically finishes the work.
The roots may continue, if large, burn
ing for several weeks. If there are any
large roots near the surface they shonld
be covered ahead of the fire. Does this
method burn out the roots? Is the'ques
tlon asked more 'than any other. We
answer, yes. -All that we know who
have given this method a fair trial agree
Chat It is cleaner in its work than any
other method tried. There Is not any
room for doubt but what this method
will effect , a very great saving on the
clay soil and to adapt It to the unfa
vorable conditions have received our spe
cial attention for the past few-weeks.
We have not reached .any definite con
clusions yet, our work being all In the
experimental stage. Our first trial was
in an" endeavor to find some cheap ma
terial that could' be sprinkled on or
mixed with tha soli to act as a binding
agent holding the f in partlclea-togeth
er. None of these experiments were
entirely satisfactory. Wa received some
encouragement for further trial In the
use of lima mixed with the soil just
the same as you would prepare mortar
for a wall. There would be one redeem
ing feature in the use of lima as we
would have a valuable fertilizing agent
added to tha soil by its use. : - -
Cheap Artificial Corer Beaded,
. "Passing over the details of these ex
periments we pass on to soma of the
most promising, "and am pleased to say
that I think we shairsolve tha problem.
Perhaps not so satisfactorily M wa would
wish to do, but to that extent mat mere
will be a decided Improvement over pres
ent methods. 1 Our effort has been to
find a Cheap artificial cover and to re
duce the .amount neceasarjrby thia-use
of a concentrated fuel. .Wa have' used
coal cinders and 'clay hauled onto the
ground from the .most convenient supply,
to good advantage. We prepare the
stumD by digging a - narrow trench
Around it, eloping the bank out at top In
such a way that the sandy loam sou
will not run into the fire .when hot,. We
filled in with a small portion of clay
or cinders, then placing our fuel In
much the same way as we did before, we
proceed to cover with clay or cinders.
Experiments have indicated that i the
concentrated fuel requires less covering
and being placed in the narrow trench
around the base' of the stump, the fire
is started lower down and tha work is
done much mora rapidly. -We have used
one to two gallons of fuel oil with
small quantity of wood, pieces of bark,
old broken up wood and placed In
trench to receive the oil which we pour
in on top of this, before covering with
the clay or cinders. At tha present
time fuel oil (a low grade crude; petro
leum) can ba purchased lor about four
cents a gallon ' in large quantities, or
13.60 fer a 60-gallon barrel.
"In conclusion I will say that there
are several- good promising experiments
yet to be tried. Our effort will be to
adapt tha charplt method fes far as pos
sible to the varied conditions of our
soil." .. . .
yy;:yy,: :?Ti''i-v''v- it;'n -yyyj --.-. ,v yv -? 'yi.y ;y ;
MORE POSTAL BANKS
NEEDED EVERYWHERE
(United Preas Iel Wlrel -
Washington, March 2. Because he
has not enough postal savings banks
to go around, Uncle Sam, as a banker,
Is losing thousands or dollars weekly.
"Every day," said a postofflce depart
ment official today, "scores of letters
are received by Postmaster General
Hitchcock from persons In all parts of
the country with sums ranging from
$100 to 1000, -which they wish to en.
trust to Uncle Sam for safe keeping.
There -to no postal bank In--this-city,
and the law prohibits a resident of one
city from depositing in a postal bank
located elsewhere.
Spring Showing of Manhattan
Earl & Wilson
an
1 Ml - - all -
d Uuett ohirts
We're ready to supply the $hirt want
of all Portland, whether it be the poular or
higher priced goods that are desired. . Earl
& Wilson and JCluett shirts, afl the new
spring patterns arid colorings, plain and
plaited bosoms, strong lines at $1.50;
Manhattan shirts.- We specialize a genu
ine fine woven Madras in patterns that
are bound to please at $2.00.
. SPRING
UNDERWEAR
Fine all-wool Stuttgarter natural gray
$1.50; fine fancy lisle medium weight
for spring wear, $1.50 garment.
Hole-Proof Hose
The Genuine and original guaranteed hose for men, women and children, guaran
teed no holes for 6 months. ' v
Men's $1.50 box of 6 pairs; women and children's, $2.00 box of 6 pairs; silk
lustre for men and women, $3.00 box of 6 pairs.
. nani) mtl-
OFCB FlKEimdDinnKE1
!'"Vi-TT f -i i i -it-r-TT -- 'm ,"""r. yiiiniM'rijiM!- '
. m m u i .suar
ill fttfi
The immense Furniture and Carpet Business that we have been doing since the
opening of this sale is the talk of the town, but is there anything surprising
about it when you consider the fact that we have offered the most remarkable
values ever offered in Portland? Would you pay the regular price at other stores
when you can come here and buy for one half the price they will ask you?
This is why this sale has been so successful why your neighbors and friends are
talking about it.
$16.75 Oak
Dining Table
Solid Oak Dining Table, Vith round
barrel and shaped legs. A most sub
stantial, well made article, extends to
16- jfee t -when epened -A t --a special
price, as low as others would allr you
lor the printed soft wood kind."
$11 Iron Bed
Full Size for
B 1 . . - ' .
An attractive Iron Bed design, with
continuous posts, arfd effective filler
rod connections. Made very strong
and substantial. Extended' foot end,
can be ha4 white or blue.
$20.00 Mis
sion Table
$10.75
A Library Table in the Early En
glish finish, very similar to cut. The
top is 25x38 inches and contains long
drawer. There are 3 slat panels in flie
end instead of two, as shown.
:;:-!175
$60 Quartered
Oak Library
Table at . . .
A high grade Library Table,; built of
finest selected quartered top, with 30x48
inch top, containing, two drawers. A
massive finely constructed table for the
library. The saving is almost half.
BpOWERC M
BJJS;JS. ill
75c
$1.20 Dining
Chair for . .
Exactly like cut, fin
ished in miartcrcd oak ef
fect, has brace arms, sad
dle seat and panel back.
$6? Sofa Bed
Exactly like mt massive"
quartered oak ends, tufted ve
lour seat and back, deep box,
high quality, style and work
manship. A splendid davenport.
"A comfortable couch. .
III! k.
51.50
LealherTnrhish
Rocker
' genuine lea
din
leather,"
nnfted-tsclT-Jind:
arms, Harrington
spring baschigh
est quality. 1 , .
Leather Seat $11.25
Was $20
Mah o g a n y fin-"
Jshed frame, gen
uine leather seat'
durable hih
grade construe-
$29.50
$18.50 Lea her
Easy Chair for
An example of the popular
Library Wing Chair, built with
finest springs and upholstering,
and covered in best quality gen
uine leather. Others at greatly
reduced prices.
$13.95
$25.00 Qaartered
Oak Bnlfet for
Quartered Oak Buffet, like cut,
42 inches in width, with French
bevel plate mirror 10x38. Has dou.
ble door storage compartments and
3 drawers'above. Exceptional value.
Window Shades
50c NEPTUNE SHADES, 36x84
In green and Can, mounted on good roller,
with cord, etc. To sell tomorrow at the spe
cial price of ........ .33 "1
Brussels Carpet
$1.00 TAPESTRY BRUSSELS
CARPET
To be closed out at this, exceptionally low
price A varied line of choice patterns.' The
biggest bargain you've ben offered.
Couch Covers
$5.00 TAPESTRY COUCH COVER
An assortment of excellent patterns in both
oriental and floral, with or without fringed
.edge. Extra special price . ....... .$2.65
Wool Velvet Carpet
$1.65 WOOL VELVET CARPET
You save T9c a yard" on an excellent grade
of Velvet Carpet--quite an item in the floor
coverings of your room. Quality as good as
$1,(?5 will buy.' ' . " .
$115 Genuine Leather 3
Piece Parlor Suite Now
Exactly as pictured, frame of mahogany, covered with genuine
leather, with deep spring seatsand comfortably shaped back; ? Suite
consists of settee, arm chair ami rocker.', A suitable office or li
brary set. The price is exactly. one half. "Don't try to match this
value, it is out of the question. - ; , '.
I1 1 i i i