i
6
THE OREGON SUNDAY ' JOURNAL PORTLAND, SUNDAY- MORNING, FEBRUARY & 1911.
THE JOURNAL
5 X IMOBPEKDENT NEWSPAPER.
CVJ. JACKSON PoblUher
pnbiihi rening (eipt sundtyj i nd j 0Vy$ the complete revision ot read
, Hf'rSSfii VffiS-f: i Ing books in daily, school use. Clas
"" toffi ' t Portland, or., for ' Bicl examples were .substituted for
triMnrtM through thVaito econii the antique fragments in common,
-. ' ... ; 'daily, work.
telephones Min tits; Home, A-soM. Then came the creation of branch
&n tSTg, SK?yrtgyii!5: ! libraries. Fully half the space for
'..-,.. , readers In branches was absorbed
roBS3.Ar quickly by the children and
223 Fifth avenue. New York; rropie ,
Uat Buildtns, Chicago.
Subacrtptlon Turin, by mall or to anr lOdreM
la the tutted Elate. Canada, or Mexico:
DAILY.
o - KL.v """came a general custom
One rear mjso one month j
daily axd Sunday
0at w 7.8Q I QneB:i:::::J:w
In thlsworlff Inclination to do
thing Is of more Importance
than the mere power. Chapin.
-IS
THE HOUSE ON TRIAL
T
HE HOUSE AT Salem will blun- j
der if it refuses to accept the
senate road bills. It cannot ;
afford to be misled by present j
opposition. It is an opposition based
- on misunderstanding of the senate i
bills. It! is an opposition that will;
disappear as soon as the measures.
come to be perfectly understood. j
A lot of the opponents are insist-j
ing that the bills provide for a Pa -
clfic highway. There is not a mem-j
ber of the legislature but knows
e-..-4etter. j
The bills strictly Insist that any
etate-alded roads shall lead to one of
- ,- the principal market places. They i
' provide that the county courts shall
have selection of the route. This is
sufficient guarantee that there Is
no plan in the legislature' for a Pa
cific highway.
What the farmers want Is a good
road to the market place. It Is ex
actly what the senate bills provide.
In time the fact that they do so pro
vide will become perfectly under
stood and opposition that is now
clamorous will be turned to approval.
Can the house afford to assume the
responsibility of defeating such road
pfffRlatInn?
ti. ' kU to I
wide nubile sentiment in favor of'alfrom whlch will "bear fruit for many !
better road system. No- man in the j
state is an advocate of bad roads.
Vet, division or obstinacy at Salem1
that may result in adjournment wlth- J
out efficient 'action will in effect put i
the house on record as acting in' the I
interest of bad roads. I
Some of the bousts" members who 1
oppose the senate bills are cham-1
plonlng the substitution of the state
engineer for a highway commission-
,. . . . ., ...
er. There Is not an objection to the
highway commissioner that cannot
be urged with -equal force against
the state engineer
t ( ati la this oama
The approprta-
The cost to the1
taxpayers will be the same. A,id
there will be the. additional objection
that the state engineer is not a road
builder. He has other and large du
ties to perform. He is an irrigation j
expert and chief officer in the at-
plication of the water coae. The
state treasurer or the state superln
tpnrtnnt of nnhiir- inEtr.,Ptinn miaht
s well be placed in chr.rge of the f'1 the K'eatest upon earth. He
' roads as the state engineer. I haIls lts reBolute optimism, its re-
Why not let the directing and con- 8olve to develP the physical re-iiltlnir-fnr..
h n mnn PsnoMaiiv : sources of the land, its doors held
trained for the work. After W
years spent in vain effort to better
Jhe roads, why not try It for two
r years under a changed plan?
-' A good roads system for Oregon
Is np to the house. It is a weighty !
responsibility. The senate has done
Itm Atiiv Tv ,n K,r ii tVio -o-.i.
will come to understand fully that it
has done its duty. Every man in
the state wants better roads. Every
man In the state is looking to the!the excrescences on our institutions
' member of the house to aemilesee i were dlBsected and displayed was a
'in legislation that will.nrovide for 1
better roads. The house is on trial.
and can easily commit an unpardon -
able blunder.
i-
THE MODERX LIBRARY
al af A X 1Jx7YTT T XT iv , ,( 1
Av.rtn.uui luuuBui oui
CAREFULLY thought out ar
ticle on "What the Modern
Library Is Doing," printed in j
the New York Independent of
January 26, and written by John stands in the new edition, for truth
Cotton Dana, librarian of the New- j would not permit its erasure. But
ark Free, Public library, is specially i Mr. Bryce gives now an honest and
appropriate when considering the j unbiased account of the bold changes
legislation now contemplated at by which new states, Oregon and
Salem for extending the opportun-1 Oklahoma being cited as examples,
Itles of usefulness of the Portland : have sought to displace machine pol
Llbrary association. j Jtics by securing to the people direct
The writer deals first with library 1 powers of Interference In and con-
buildings throughout the country. ; trol over their whole structure of
; He condemnH.nlne out of ten of col- government. The referendum, the
: lege, town and city libraries, built initiative, the recall, the direct prl-
ltfcln the loct "ft oo 11
. c luu Oman,
..,..f,vl u, luuoviiHijr
Ugly, or all three." To the first
charge too small the Portland
brary must plead guilty. As to
beauty, it is to be hoped that any
new and enlarged building will not
fall below the standard of the pres -
ent one- admitted generally as one
of the few really beautiful structures
Of the city. I"11? ln ernment Bhould b In this respect, either "great Homer
8rt?,n5 0t.hZhZuS lfl!and'lone8fled out. . nod3.. or that reIgIous news does
asked at the hands of the library j The negro question Is again (lis-1 not find J(s way to the tables of
officials, to the end that honest and cussed at length. No observer hasBOme of our observaDf edltorSj
unprejudiced information about them j had fuller opportunities of knowl-leven tnough touchIng s0 closey the
- may supplant and correct the inter- edge. The author sees no chance pt aKplratlon8 of a good mahy minionB
ested and prejudiced .advertising of radical movements to displace the,, of Amoric'an citizens.
ibw nooKBeirer. inis counBei me
, Portland library may well apply to
itself. . .
- Ten years or so ago work with
-m children was actually begun in pub
"l1o libraries. In that short time the
young ones have been provided with
books, pictures, Bpecial talks by 11-
- brariahB euitAblyualtfl
"TaKttefffJnKianf6oHisTn every wen
, organlaed library in the country. In
this department also the Portland
' library lias shone'.' The needs of the
: children are and have., been recog-
nized, as their attendance in their
numbers attests.
. After the young-children the pu
pils in the public schools began to
freduent the libraries. On this fol-
VQnn noonlo. and the need of more
I branches, more books, was very
soon experienced and supplied., The
extension of branch
libraries be
This writer
thinks that too much money was gen-
erally 6pent on the buildings In cora-
pari8on with funds left available, for
1 books. Here also a caution appli
cable to the present Juncture of the
1 the work of the Portland library
! may be well timed.
I Next came the provision of books
for circulating libraries in public
schools. Too much cannot be said
i in praise of this means of reaching
the homes of the, people with the
vital, life inspiring Influence of good
books. Its rapid spread in Portland
testifies to Its success in this rising
city. The funds required have been
put to the best use, and must not
be stinted.
Last of all comes what is perhaps
the best advice of all. The art of
reading must be cultivated. What
the art of reading means to every
one seeking to use books rightly is
too largo a subject for condensation
lnto a few lineB here. The tools of
education are the books their full
benefit to be best developed by read-
prs. young ana oia, wno master tnem
for profit, for storage In memory as
a reserve for use the life long. The
influence of books so read and stud-
led lasts after school days and col
lege days have passed. Teachers i
and professors may well be required
to cive both time and thought to the
instruction of students of all grades
In this most necessary art.
Portland has been, and Is, fortun
ate Indeed In her public library and
its development. The present move
ment for its extension depends now
on public encouragement and sup-
port. The money. needed will be an i
investment by the city the returns ;
8 mng jear to come
THE AMERICAN COMMON
WEALTH A
NEW EDITION of this well
known book, "The American
Commonwealth," has just been
published. In it Mr. Bryce,
fortified by his ever closer acquaint
ance with jt,he American people from
. . ,,.'. eMrt ,' i
, nls prolonged residence In Washing-
. v. . .j.,., B ,
' t,
j ,tUartamaA
In the new edition, as in the first,
Mr. Bryce expresses firm faith in
' nnv nannlA Vi 1 lrt KnMltr. 4 n t v
our people.
r : .. . ,7 ' 1
"l"1" ' C.r.a.C,3: !
1 ne cues me iacre or inese same evns
'being dragged into full light, as evi-j
dence that they will not continue to
1 A. 1 A J 1- A tt
ue ipieraieu, uui win oe overcome.
In this he depicts in true color the
living spirit of American democracy.
, witn !ts slory In the nalion. as es-
w,de open to the ,nflwlnS Immigra-1
tlon- ,ts confidence In the ability of ,
the nat,on to aS8lmHate the new-;
lumc,a' "v "
may' anrt to create from these same
aiH?n8 in ine BBCOna generation rresn
emen or sirengm rrom meir aa-jiu
i miiiunt wun ine AiriBrican people,
When the "American Common
- -
wealth" first appeared the absolute
honesty with which the" evils of and
hard teat 9f tne Pen mindedness of
,tB readers- Yet the book has taken ,
an admitted place' In every library,
I and has stood and Bti1' Btan(la
j text book in all our colleges and uni-,
'versifies. !
uwucie unB lire iw&a, me mini- ,
- ti4lli . ,
ar-iinam m our pouucai me, id evu;
Influence in every legislature, the
source and agent of corruption, been
bo mercilessly drawn. The picture
. j .v-j
1 marj, ale uescriueu as pruviaing xur
1 me -pt'upiu iuii uuu uirci:i towers cu 1
! legislation and complete veto on the i
U-jaots of both "legislature and execu-
J tlve. The author does not commit)
; himsol'f to distinct approval of. the j
new methods. Yet he thinks that
1 American decocracy can stand the!
1 strain, and that It is both right and I
of good omen that such new experl-
negro in tne soutnern states. He is
there to stay, and his descendants
after him. But there is recognized, 1
since the book was written, a dying j 1
down of racial animosity, and a" freer j
appreciation of the character, of the
leading members of the colored peo
ple. No ground for despair is ad-
est problem of tne time.
The growth, of the commission
form of city jrovernment is described.
It is taken as a determined effort to
place a small number of respected
-
citizens In eontrol, to the end that
recognized responsibility bo devolved
on them may outroot graft, and re
store honesty, in the, administration
of the city. '
Thus, the author's trust in the
progress of the American people to
wards honesty In public life, "to
wards greater power for Instructed I
citizenship, towards a ' heightened
sense of social responsibility of each
man for his neighbor, tbwards the
trying out of new methods of local
and national government and the
adoption of approved results, is both
explained and supported.
In this careful study of national
life as it is, and well weighed fore
casts for its future Mr. Bryce ' has
earned fresh title to the respect and
regard of the great nation among.
which he has lived this . long time '
as an honored guest
PANAMA, CANAL PROSPECTS
D
ATA COLLECTED about 20
years ago, for the purpose of
supplying information as' to
the probable revenues of an
Isthmian cnnal, showed that at that
time 2,000,000 tons per annum of
grain and half a million tons of
canned and dried fruits, canned sal
mon, hops, wool, wine and brandy,
went from Pacific coast ports around
Cape Horn. The lumber shipments
were estimated at 2,000,000 tons.
As many tons of ores, nitrates and
grain went from Chili, Bolivia and
Peru. jA large tonnage was also car-i
ried between Europe and Austral-1
f.,a..t0tal 't T0 h "'to
1 I AAA AAA 7 I. nnnaa.vallvn
to estimate the present possible canal
business at 20,000.000 tons.
If the eanal tolls should be fixed
at $2 a ton, it may be expected that
they will -yield a gross revenue of
$40,000,000 a year, and that this
will Increase. The cost of malnten-
ance Is a conjectural sum, diu it is
supposed It would be comparatively
small. One estimate Is a maximum
of $5,000,000, leaving $35,000,000
profit, or nearly 10 per cent on the
total cost, including fortifications.
But unless the prospective amount of
tonnage is greatly exaggerated, It
probably will be deemed wise to
charge a less rate than $2 a ton. A
hs percentage of revenue would be-
satisfactory, at least at first, and ,
the main design of the canal is to0f
aid and Increase commerce.
Yet at a $2-a-ton rate no ship j
could afford to sail around Cape;
Horn. The voyage from San Fran- j
Cisco or Portland to Liverpool occu-
pies an average of about 12.0. days. ; not only for an lmmedlately-to-be-A
vessel makes about two and a l enrolled army of 640,000 men, with
quarter voyages a year, moving gay equipment and officers for a mll
6750 tons at ""a cost of $8 a. ton. Use. , non but with a naval construction
of the canal would Bhorten each voy- ni of $50,000,000 a year for new
aRe one
tv,frfnro
tnererore
half, and a vessel could ;
move twice as much ton-;for
nage, at nau as mucn per ion, er
fectlng a saving of perhaps $2-7,000.
There would also be less depreciation
on account of the wear and tear of
... 4 j 1 -r
uie-siurmy uj8i iuuuu u nuiu. ;
Insurance and interest on cost of,
goods In transit would be lessened by j
one half.
It Is a curious view that the canal
nf hllt litUe conseauence or
:value commercially, but must be re
garded principally as a military and
naval measure. On the contrary,
It will be a very Important affair
commercially, especially to
coast ports.
Pacific !
,
'
I
CHURCH I'XION
T
HE MARCH of the movement j
for the consolidation, or union, !
of the many branches of the !
Christian church, which took
nrst impulse rrpm ine iwiinourgn
conrerenre, nas ocen noui cunsiuiu
and accelerating. The stages by
which It has reached the Presbyter
inn, Baptist and, Methodist bodies
have been noticed in The Journal.
Public announcement has been
made during the week just past that ,
the several committees of delegates !
or representatives of the Evangelical
the United Brethren, and the Meth-1
odiBt Protestant branches of the ;
christian church have agreed on a j
oasis or organic union.
it seems that even religious bod-:
les have become enthused with the I
leading feature of the Oregon sys
tem. The organic union referred to
Is, we read, to be submitted to the
Individual members of these three
churches by means of a referendum.
So that in church government as well
as in lay affairs the individual has
come Into his own. Legislation Is
to be no longer for the people, but
by the people, In this determination
of the future organization of their
religious life.
The suffrage here will not be con
ditioned on sex. Membership or as-
u""""ru
; Soclati0n in the church's
body pol
itic will be the sole qualification.
Readefs of -the Saturday Evening
Post this,week will have noticed the
editorial in which the obliteration of
the divisions in the Christan church
Is treated as n pious hope -but no
reference is made to the movement
.. .1 1 . . 1 i .
Mii. t ,,., k ...m
j THE CASE
OF FRED WARREN'
T
HE NEWS THAT Fred Warren,
publisher of the Appeal to
Reason, had received from
President Taft a pardon, so far
as the six months' Imprisonment was
from $1500 to $100 for his technical
offence, was received with general
satisfaction. The reason Is hot far
to seek, ' t .
In essence the offence for which
Fred Warren was to suffer was po
litical, not personally malicious. He
expressly disclaimed any . personal
hostility to ex-Governor V Taylor;
when he advertised a $1000 reward
for" the kidnaping of the man in
question, then under Indictment for
the Goebel murder. A His ; atm,; be
said, was to test' the 1 question
whether the same results would fol
low on such act as were Involved
fn the supreme court decision in the
Moyer and Haywood case; .,''
The constitution and laws of the
United States are broad enough to
cover all manner of divers and Op
posite opinions. , Avowed and even
open advocacy of the most radical
and subversive views, are generally
protected. In the conflict - of opin
ions the people arrive at their own
decisive verdict. In the Warren case
a well nigh forgotten clause of a
statute Intended to suppress the cir
culation of -obscene, malicious, and
libelous material through the, malls,
was . Btretched to cover the, federal
decision against Warren for mailing
envelopes on which he calised to be
printed the Identical advertisement
which he published in his paper
without legal protest.
President. Taft marked his convic
tion that a technical offence had
been committed in the( mailing, npt
the publication, of the advertisement,
when he reduced to $100 the $1500
fine.
The recent indictment of the high-
up criminals In the peotijifge cases,
. t , . . J A,
theldent
cancel their Imprisonment is one
-
staring proof that money and posi
tion will not shelter a criminal. The
severe .sentences of imprisonment
now being suffered by the Philadel
phia grafters and stealers, and by
various others, should suffice to
prove to- Fred Warren and his sup
porters that the irregular, even if
not definitely illegal, steps to which
he resorted are not now required to
demonstrate the equality ofall crim
inals before the law.
CAPTAIN RICHMOND PEARSON
HOBSON
A
N INTERVIEW with Captain
Richmond Pearson Hobson,
congressman from the Sixth
Alabama district, and the hero
the, sinking of the Merrlmac, col
Her In Santiago harbor, appears elser
where in this issue.
This gallant gentleman has taken
on himself the office of recruiting
sergeant for the American people;
warships, and $15,000,000 a year
fiv years for new fortifications.
Captain Hobson kindly limits the
immediate necessity of fortifica
tions to;
, 1 The Pacific entrance to the
,
.....
to vthe
canal.
3 Pearl harbor, in the Hawaiian
islands.
4 Guam, in the Philippines.
5 Corregldor, at the entrance to
Manila bay.
But he thinks we are not safe
until our coast cltie's, and especially
the points of vantage on the Pacific
coast are all protected.
if ail this were taken seriously
people could hardly sleep In their
beds. Fortunately for the nation
safe and sane are the counsels that
come from the man whoae vq1cb car.
rles weight. President Taft recently
declared nubiiciy, as will be remem
bered, that he would have nothing
to do with these militarist proposals.
He said that the United States pos
sessed the costliest, as well as the
smallest army of any of the great
powers, rne cost was not, in his
vIfw ' hni1 thlnir fnr the ,t
cost (ne lesj llkely would they b,
to add to its numbers. Then the
presldont made his celebrated dec-
laration in favor of agreements and
arbitration on all matters tending to
,- mQi,nr rn nlnn
And he
n 1 i tiuvi'iiiig iiv v.ivv jiviwu
iPft It there
FOR FIFTY YEARS
I
T IS AN UNUSUAL achievement
for one man to have continued
in the publication of a newspaper
for a .period of 50 years. It Is
an unusual achievement for a news
paper to have grown from -a strug
gling country daily to the present
I position of tho Portland Oregonlan
i under the continued management of
j one man.
. Yet, these things are presented in
the case of Henry L. Pittock, and
were emphasized yesterday in tho
semi-centennial number of the paper.
In picture and story the' long stretch
of 50 years of Oregon life is reflected
In a splendid number of 128 pages.
Portland was a country town of
3000 inhabitants when the initial
number of the Dally Oregonlan was
launched on February 4, 1861.
Sumpter was not yet fired on, and
the great war between the states was
yet to bo fought." No railroad line
connected, the east and the west, and
the telegraph, then lesB 'than 20
years old, had not. yet reached the
shores of the Pacific. It wasat such
a time and under such conditions
that Mr. Pittock, on the rude imple
ments of such an era, began publica
tion of the paper over whose desti
nies he still presides. v
Only those in the newspaper pro
fession know what is meant by the
evolution of the crude, establishment
o pioneer times Into the splendidly
eqntpTwdreTncndousTytrgahIz"6d
and finely appointed machine of to
day. It Is the reflected istory of the
world's progress during) the period.
It is at once a map, a diagram and
a picture of all that has, been at-
talned by science. Invention and dis
covery. The modern newspaper is in the
very van of world progress It seizes
and i applies to Its : purposes every
new thing that heightens efficiency.
No activity is more alert in assem
bling for. the service; of the public
every appliance and device y that
human ingenuity or investigation
evolves. The ends of the earth are
searched, the laboratories of science
commandeered and every product ot
the human mind levied upon in the
quest" for that which will speed to
newspaper readers the facts and hap
penings iof each world day.
How Mr. Pittock has played his
part on such a stage is reflected in
his piper of yesterday;" For. the tiny
Portland of 3000 souls there Is sub
CAREER OF E
Otto H. Kahn Gives Intimate View of
Sees Good in Passing of Epoch
From the Wall Street Journal.
In on address on E. H. Harrtman, de
livered before the Finance Forum, Wed,
nesday evening, Otto H. Kahn of the
firm or Kuhn, Loeb ft Co. said in part:
"The most 'spectacular episode In Mr.
Harrlman'e career was the contest for
the control of the Northern Paclflo rail
road. When the emoke of battle cleared
away the Harrtman side was found in
possession of a majority of the entire
capital stock of the Northern Paclflo.
counting common and preferred" togeth
er, whilst their opponents held a nha
jorlty of the common stock alone, by a
small margin.
"By the provisions of Its charter
the company had stipulated for thu
right to .pay off Its preferred stock at
par; needless, to say, so Important and
essential a clause had not escaped the
auction of Mr. Harrlman and his as
sociates; It had not oaly'recelve.1 their
most careful attention before they de
cided to accumulate the preferred stock,
but had been submitted by them to
five leading lawyers In different parts
of the country, who, acting and report
ing separately, I'agreed unanimously, in
their answer to the question regarding
which they were asked to advise. On
the strength of these legal o'plnlons and
of other circumstances, Mr. Harrtman
was convinced at the time and ever
afterward that he held, beyond any
question of doubt, the winning hand. .-
"Instead of boldly playing It, he con
tented himself with a drawn battle
and with terms of peace, which gave
to the other side the appearance of
victory. r
"Those of you wh"o are familiar with
Walt street events will' know that In
August, 1906, the Union Pacific dlvl
dent was Jumped from an' annual rate
of 6 per cent to 10 per cnt, which act j
uncnainea a. storm or criticism against
Mr. Harrlman. He was accused of
having perpetrated a stock Jobbing trick
as the property, i.t was thought, could
not possibly maintain that rate of div
idend, and of having bought stock on
his advance knowledge. "Both accusa
tions were unjustified. No property, for
the management -of which Mr. Harrlman
was responsible, ever reduced Its divi
dend. At one of the hearings at which
he was examined, he was asked whether
It was not a fact that he had bought
Union Pacific stock In anticipation of
the 10 per cent dividend declaration.
To every one's surprise Mr. Harrlman
calmly answered, 'Yes. I bought man7
thousand shares of that stock in antic
ipation of the 10 per cent dividend
some eight years before, mainly In 1898,
and I paid all the way from 20 to 30
for It. And I bought more of It In
subsequent years whenever prices were
low, many thousand shares more and
all the time while I was accumulating
H I anticipated the declaration of that
dividend.'
"In telling this story, I do not wish
to be understood as Indorsing the wis
dom and propriety of the Increase of
the Union Paolflc dividend from 6 to
10 per cent at one Jump. It was one
of the few instances In which I ven
tured to differ from Mr. Harrlman'a
Judgment. A man,' and especially a
man at the head of a great corpora
tion, must not only do right, but he
must be very careful to avoid even ap
pearances tending to arouse the sus
picion of his not doing right; and the
fact and manner of that particular act
lent themselves to sinister interpreta
tions, unjustified though, as -a matter
of fact, they were. But regard for
appearances was not one of Mr. Har
riman's strong points. He .desired, like
every normally constituted man, to
possess the good opinion of his fel
low men, but he had a strange aptitude
for Rettii.g on friendly terms with pub
lic opinion. ,
"Another reason for popular miscon
ception of Mr. Harrlman's motives
arose from the fact that hd failed to
recognize, as Indeed did most of the
SEVEN FAMOUS RIDES
Midnight Ride
In American history the most famous
of all rides was that of Paul Revere,
the young Boston patriot who, at a
given signal from the belfry of Old
North church, Boston, sped away to Lex
ington to warn Hancock and Adams of
the approach of the enemy. Revere was
considered to be tho best horseman ln
the vicinity of Boston. It was assigned
to him the task of riding, on a. fleet
horse, from Boston to New York and
Philadelphia to rouse the people to ac
tion, following tho belligerent move of
the British ln and about his home city.
When Governor Gage was ordered to
arrest Adams and Hancock, and to send
them to England lor trial, the patriots
protected themselves by hiding in Lex
ington. Their place of concealment was
discovered and on the night of April 18,
1775, a body of 800 British regulars
were sent to arrest them. By midnight
the troops were well on their way.
Evory precaution for. secrecy had been
taken, but the vlgfance of the patriots
was too keen to be eluded.
Paul Revere stood by the river, his
steed by his side,, waiting for the belfry
signal. Finally it appeared and a mo
ment later he was galloping through the
night towards Lexington. At every
door, as he dashed along, he shouted the
thrilling news that the British were
coming. Reaching Lexington he sped
straight for the house of Rev. .onas:
Clarke, where the two statesmen were
asleep. The door was guarded by mln
utemen, who cautioned him against stir-
ring the Inmates with his noise.
"Noise," cried Revere, '"you'll soon
have noise enough, the regulars are com
ing!" .'
Hancock, at an upper window, knew
his voice and' Invited him ln; and a few
hours later, when the enemy came up,
the patriots had quietly proceeded on
their way to the congress at Philadel
phia..
American history will always view
Revere as the "Messenger of the Revo
lution' for this famoys ride. The
imagery of the. poet Longfellow has
thrown around ' this midnight ride a
glamour that will stir the hearts of
j Americans as long as the nation endures.
stituted a splendid metropolis, mov- i
Ing swiftly toward a population of a
quarter of a million. . Mr. Pittock
has fairly won the congratulations
that Bhould be his in generous al
lowance. ' ,
' Again , the Red Cross society and
the Christian Herald of New; York
are proving their practical Christian
charity and world wide' benevolence
In the aid already being rushed to
the starving and plague stricken
Chinese.
The Oregon trunk is "storming
along" rapidly Into central Oregon.
The rails' are laid ndarly to Madras,
112 miles, and will reach Bend next
spring. The rival line Is no less
active.
H. HARRIMAN
Work .of Late Railroad Leader;
of Unfettered Individualism
financier Of his day, that a man hold
ing the power and occupying the con
spicuous place he did, was a legitimate
object" for publio; scrutiny, and that if
the people were met Instead with si
lence secrecy, , Impatience and resent
ment of their desire for information,
the public mind very naturally became
infected with suspicion and lent a
willing ear to all sorts Of gossip and
rumors. , - .
"By this,! do not meart that the at
titude 6? the public toward men In
hlgb places of finance or commerce
should be one of suspicion. Nothing Is
more ' unfortunate ln Its effect upon
corporation managers, or In fact, up
on any "men, than the knowledge that
they are looked upon with set suspicion.
Such, a knowledge is. apt to breed a
sullen attitude expressed In the Bentl
ment: 'What's the use of trying? We'll
be damned anyhow.' And nothing, on
the contrary, is so potent ln bringing
out the best of . which their nature Is
capable, as the knowledge thft they
are -supposed and expocted to live up
to a high standard.
"Mr. Harrlman'a' attitude in respect
to the law of the land Ms been much
misinterpreted and misunderstood. He
had profound respect for the moral law
and under no circumstance and under
no temptation would he ever have done
anything which waa not Justified by his
own honest conception of right and
wrong. Nevertheless, he was held up
to execration's the arch type of law
defying corporation managers, especial
ly In connection with the Chicago & Al
ton readjustment, Yet the Chicago &
Alton' readjustment was In no essen
tial different from the great majority
of other railroad reorganltatlons or In
dustrial creations up to that time; every
stockholder was treated alike, no one
was damaged' directly or indirectly; the
service of the railroad was Improved,
the capacity Increased, the average rate
decreased; the profit realised on the
transaction, amounting to a good deal
less than ' disingenuously represented
to the- public by Mr. Harrlman's de
tractors, was by no means excessive or
unusual considering the duration of the
investment and the risk, of the busi
ness. "The crisis of Mr. Harrlman's. career
care early lnithe year 1907;. A few
of his bitterest enemies had set out the
year before on a carefully planned, as
tutely prepared campaign of destruc
tion against him. The Harrlman Ex
termination league, If I may so call It,
played Its trump card by poisoning
President Roosevelt's mind against Mr.
Harrlman. In February, 1807, the as
sault commenced with an Investigation
by the Interstate Commerce commis
sion Into the practices, etc., of the Un
ion Paclflo railroad, actually into those
of Mr. Harrlman himself.
"His enemies had planned better than
they kjjgw. Whether for once his tow
ering ambition, heretofore always held
in check by his calm reasoning, had got
the better of him, or whether Jt was
simply an unaccountable solitary error
of Judgment, he took action In that year
which It has always seemed to me was
the one serious mistake of his manage
ment of Union Paclflo affairs. I re
fer to the purchase of very large
amounts of stocks of many other com
panies, which were made for the ac
count and placed ln the treasury of
the Union Pacific
"I believe It may be truly said of E.
H. Harrlman, as It was said of another
great man, that his faults were largely
those of his generation, his virtues were
his own. He came to hold a greater,
power in the railroad world than Is
likely ever to be held again by any one
man. His career was the embodiment
of unfettered Individualism. For bet
ter or for worse personally I believe
for better, unless we go too far and
too fast the people appear determined
to put limits and restraints upon the
exercise ot econbmlo power and over
lordshlp. Therefore, I believe, there
will be no successor to Mr. Harrlman."
of Paul Revere.
But Revere was not the only one who
rode on that eventful night carrying
news of much Import. Before he start
ed' Dr. Warren had dispatched another
rider, William Dawes, hy the long road
over the Boston Neck. Fearful that
Dawes would not gerthrough, the doctor
commissioned Revere to go by the
shorter route acrcss the river". Both
riders were able to elude the British,
but Dawes did not reach Lexington for
half an hour after Revere. No poet has
sung the letter's pi also, and today hard
ly anyone knows that Revere had a
companion ln the same task.
Of late years an effort has been wade
to disparage much of the picturesque
incident of the Revere ride. That it was
taken, however. Is beyond dispute.?" In
Revere's letter to Dr. Belknap, written
in 1798, which Is still extant, he speaks
of the ride. Justin Wlnson, in writing
Of the Incident, says:
"The ride of Paul Revere has grown to
be a household tale in the spirited verse
of Longfellow, but as in almost alt of
that poet's treatment of historical epi
sodes, he has paid little attention to ex
actness of fact and has wildly, and often
without poetic necessity, turned the
channel of events." -
But historians of the ' present day
seem very prone, to disparage many of
the Incidents that have been written
down as facts by the historian of the
past and the general public ar left to
decide for themselves and to take their
choice as to what and whom to believe.
'Revere is described as a fine type of
busy, energetic man, who lived a useful
life to his fifty-fourth year. When he
died he was laid to rest In "the old . Gran
ary Burying ground, Boston, where rests
the bodies of Samuel Adams,. John Han
cock, Robert Treat Paine. Peter Faneull
and the parents of Benjamin Franklin,
and, on Christ church is a tablet which
f M4h passerby that: "' . - 1 ."
"The Signal Lanterns of Paul" Revere
Displayed ln the fc'teeple of This .Church,
April 8, 1776. Warned the Country of
the March of the British Troops to Lex
ington and Concord." . -. ,
(TomorrowIsrael Putnam's Ride.)
News Forecast of the
Coming ;'"Wcct:;. -
Washington, Feb. ' 4. -President Taft
will take a hurried trip to Springfield,
111., at the end of the week, to attend,
the Lincoln anniversary banquet-ln.
that city. On, his way to the Illinois
capital the president will make a brief
stop; In Columbus to speak a the Na
tional Corn exposition, ; .-..y-
Klng Geoige will open parliament , ,
Monday. He will be accompanied by the '
queen, and there, will be a full state ..
ceremony. Owing to the stirring na
tlonal issues to come up for settlement'
the parliamentary session la expected '
to be one of the most momentous of
recent years. '; 'it-:-y'ir ;f v p'i -''-;'
The meeting of the Newfoundland '
legislature called for Wednesday will
attract mors than ordinary attention -outside
the Colony from the fact that
the proposed fisheries regulations re
cently Concluded with the United States
wilt come up for consideration and ao
tlon. ; ... .-:
The initiative and referendum and a :
number of other questions of publio
importance are included In the agenda
of the Manitoba legislature," which will
assemble in regular session Thursday.
rne event 01 the week In the social
world will be the international wedding
to take place ln New York Tuesday,
when , Miss Vivien Gould, daughter 1 of.
Mr. and Mrs. George J. Gould, will be
come the bride of Lord Declea.
Abraham Ruef, once political boss of
San Francisco, under sentence of 14
years' Imprisonment for alleged brib
ery of a supervisor,, will appear in the
California supreme: court Monday to
plead for a new trial.
Thursday is the day fixed for the
special election to be held ln Arlsona
to vote on the ratification or rejection
of the new state constitution.
The appeal ln the case of Dr. B. Clark
Hyde, under sentence .of life imprison
ment for the alleged murder of Colonel
Swope, a Kansas City millionaire, is
on the docket of the. Missouri supreme
court for argument Monday,
Important gatherings of the week will
include the biennial session of the .
American Pomologlcal society, at Tam
pa, Fla.; the annual convention of the
National Canners' association, at Mil
waukee; the annual convention of tht
National Brick Manufacturers' associa
tion, at Louisville; the annual meeting
of the North American Fish and Gams
Protective association, at Montreal, and
the meeting of the Canadian Forestry
association,, at Ottawa.
An Ocean Skyscraper.
From a Hamburg' Letter to the Phil
adelphia North American.
Hamburg Wireless messages direct to
and from any part of the Atlantlo
Ocean such Is the new development
promised on the completion of levlathon
ships now Ir course of construction. .At
present wireless communication from
ship to shore Is restricted by distance,
. The Hamburg-American steamer Eu
ropa, which is now being built, will
probably be the first ship to communi
cate direct to the shore stations from
any part of the Atlantic. Its masts
will be unusually high, and It will carry
the most powerful wireless' apparatus
ever Installed on a sea going vessel.
Why is It that high masts are neces
rary ln order to maintain communication
ever very long distances? The answer
waa given by a well known wlreloss
expert.
"It is not," he said, "as somepeopl.j.
Imagine, because of the curvature of
the earth, but because the higher the -moats
are the, stronger are the electric
waves.
"A big sea ware will travel much
further than a small one before It
breaks up and dies out"; It Is the same
with wireless waves.
"Roughly speaking a wireless wave -sent
out into space Is four and a half
times as long as the aerial wire,- so with
higher masts and, In the case of tho Eu
ropa, the great distance they will bo .
apart, you get longer aerlalo,- which en
able ycu to start off with a tremendous
wave and to continue sending theso
powerful wavis ore after anotrcr
through the alrv
'Thus a vessel so equipped will bo
able to send messages direct from any
pari of the Atlantiaato any of the power
ful receiving stations in Europe and
America, and It will also be able to re
ceive messages from those stations."
The Europa wlll.be 900 feet long, H
feet broad, end It have ilo fewer t.n
nine decks above the water line a verit
able skyscraper afloat.
Other Postal Systems and Our Own.
By Don S. Belts, In the World's Work.
, Postal rates of all sorts ln the United
States are not too low. They are far
too high. The Canadian postoffice
with a one cent "drop letter" rate ln
cities where .carriers are employed,
against our two cents, with a quarter
cent a pound rate for periodicals, and
as wide a free sone as prevails here,
with a much more scanty patronage and
difficult delivery districts, earned 1743,.
210.25 net ln the last fiscal year. The
Canadian department's total recenue
was $11,068,768.05, and Its percentage
of net earnings was 6.71. This applied
to the United States gross revenue of
$224,128,657.62, would give a profit of
$16,012,887.45. The British 1910 fig
ures. Just published, show a postal
profit of 124,543,725!
The Japanese department of commu
nications, under a wise and able admin
istrator Baron Goto, who governs the
railroads, telegraphs, telephones and
postoffice manages to- clear about $9,
850,000 a year, on the above, postal
branch ln a country of slender re
sources, with a one cent letter postage
and a most liberal and inexpensive par
.eels post system.
The United States postoffice depart
ment did a business in the fiscal year "
ending. June 30, 1910, of $224,128,657.62,
and lost $5,848,567 of our money!
How Special Pension Bills Have
- Grown.
By William Bayard Hale In the World's
"Work.
For 20, years after the Civil war con
gress passed less than a hundred spe
cial acts a year; but .not many more
than 150 each congress. Considering
how incomplete general . pension legls- -latlon
was at that time, the record Is
smaller than might have been 'expected. '
As general legislation advanced, each
new law letting in "entirely new classes
of claims and increasing the earlier al
lowances, the lfeed of special acts
would decrease, one might suppose.
After 45 years had elapsed ln which to
make laws to' fit every variety of need,
special acts would cease, one might ex
pect. This table will show, whether the
expectation has been fulfilled; it gives
the number, of prlva'te pension bills
passed ln successive 10 year periods:
1861-1871 537.
1871-1881 .. ..i. 771 -
1881-1851', .................... 4,073
1891-1901 ,799
1901-1911 . ....more than 26,Q09
The fact the paradoxical J&ct Is
that the more liberal the general legis
lation, the more numerous the special
acts, insieaa or aoing away with prl
aion act nus enuouragea it.
-
Senator Chauncey M. Depew calls the
new Republican Progressive league the
"Political Salvation; Army," and refers
to La Follottes VWar Crv." since the
eountry In soon to rid Itself of the 'Sen"
ator. it can afford to. smile at his little
Joke. ,
.. i,iui -V atijti-'u ) uf ie"iiJ'W 'i i'iyy j,W'H jn-fHu,wH 'itm r sJAf-Ati iN