THE .OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, JANUARY 15, 1911.
IN GERMAN FORTRESS
PRICE OF PEACE 111
Drastic Measures . Advocated
by French Premier 'Create
Severe Opposition Among
His Former Partisans -,
' - -
Freedom, That Is Best In
surance of Peace, Fettered
by Bureaucracy Through
out German Empire. ;
A M E Rl CAN 'MEAT ''"'r-'-i
TUT.IIL HAVE ' "X
KEEHC0K11IN f - , ill
City of London-Proposes to, , ; A XV.'tei , -UA
V Control the Meat Business ; r ' . ' v A
' l. Within UsBorders by Con- f '
stcucting Storage PJants. - , ,. " Q
i By Phiuip Everett' :w' r (W-fc "
By tbe Iatereatloaal Mews amice.) .-?vf,yr -; ; tiMJ Sr-'-
London, Jan. 14. The American Meat ; C-
trust which has just been patting it- : ,f X "
alt on the back for having apparently i't, -Z". '
ncceeded in forming a world-wide con- v iV
cern, able to dictate to the people of . ; '
all natlona what they should eat - and jr-f V ;t
what price they must pay, fa doomed to ' 1 ,
T meet with a great disappointment here
I In London, for the rreateat city in the 11 1
, world is aerloualy thlnklns of placing ; ,i p. ' .-, 1
the meat business: entirely under its ? s ,H .f.-v I
,owa control, and a a first step in this ,v :'.Vi 5 I
direction immense municipal cold stor 'j ) - S'-'V-' I
are plants are to be constructed at the : - :;?-- i4 ftp&0&0: ft-- I
Bmlthfleld market, where pracUcaUy all rf . 'ir?.M f-4:'S' I?
meat consumed in London is bandied xi0P:;5?f Lv 1
and sold. . : - v v . -jZrZif fi'4 i "HS r- I
-, A committee has been formeTfor tllat V , ? . ? ' .iSCWH-V f I
purpose and hul been empowered not J ' fil i I
only .to prepare plans and estimates V "A 1 "''fl'J 7 - If C
r- Vw 'ni i ' i f :
M.BRIAEMAYBE
EOD BY POUCY
i.. i. ..'-...iV --- - ! - ,
UAIiY LIES III
STERN REPRESSION
Mile. Gaby des Lys, whose recent
showing the cost of munlolpal eold
stores, but also to obtain Information
" as to the existing private cold stores
which the city might find it advantag
eous to purchase In order to secure Che
complete management of the cold stor
age around the market
Of Tar eaohliig-Effect.
The establishment of municipal cold
stores may have far reaching results
upon the meat trade. In order to ap
preciate the situation. It Is necessary to
remember that when the city built the
Central Meat Market 15 years ago, noth
ing was known of cold storage and re-
, frlgeration, botn of which are modern
Innovations, and have quite altered the
trade of the market When the market
was established nearly the whole of the
supplies were English; now about' 80
per cent are foreign. Cold storage and
refrigeration have enabled foreign meat
to come to this country In good condi
tion, and correspondingly, the home
trade has declined. In building the mar-
ket the city used the basement for an
underground railway station, so that
the supplies could go right into the
market This was at the time regarded
as a brilliant achievement' but the ad
vent of cold 'storage reveals that the
. utilisation of the basement in this man
ner was a mistake. , The result now Is
that the city cannot provide cold storage
- accommodation below the market an
the situation has been met by private
companies providing cold stores outside.
There is still room for more accommo-
. datlon, and that Is why the whole sub
ject has now come up for consideration.
If the city can acquire the private con
cerns they will have the complete con
trol of the trade.
" : To Catalog London.
Preliminary steps are being taken In
the great task of indexing the history
and literature of London.
It is proposed to collect In book form
references to everything that has ever
been written about London from the
earliest times, so that the student can
discover without a moment's delay
where he can find whatever has been
written about any district of the metrop
elis which boasts a distinctive name.
-Kenneth H. Vickers, a well known
lecturer on the history, of London,. has
elaborated a scheme for the collection of
the references, and neat assistance in
its execution is being given by Miss
U r,A d. . MnnMt. .1.. . .
, W(M4"JJ ( touuiu UJV1A ELL IUB AJUnUUIJ
county council. :?: A body 6f about 20
v voluntary workers will shortly be at
work getting under headings the con
tents of all the known works on Lon
don. These works will be Indexed under
the heading of 'General Books on Lon
don," and then each will be analysed ac
cording to the districts. But the scheme
goes further than the mere Indexing of
standard and lesser known books; it is
Intended to delve into alt the published
review and magasine , articles dealing
with London history and life, and to
give them a place in the comprehensive
index, -a ''.-: k-
- When it is mentioned that this great
.work involves the sub-division of the
- headings to Information where not only
' topographical information, but facts as
...... to -sociat itferecclesiasthmTiilstoryrtlta-
lects, etc., may be round in, published
writings, some idea of Us magnitude
will be formed.
v .' i 1 '-K ,j:vk
In Persia there are no distilleries nor
breweries, and native wine is the only
intoxicating beverage used.
visit to London revived the stories of her
" Portugal.
DUCHESS SNUBBED BY ROYALTY
Vienna, Jan. 14. Arqhduke Ferdinand,
heir apparent to the throne and his
consort Duchess Sophia of , Hohenburg,
recently visited the exhibition of house
hold work at the Housewives', Indus
try Institute, and made inquiries as
to the objeots of the Institution and its
organization. 1
cv lhe interest shown by the duchess is
gratifying to the - various ladles who
from charitable mqtlves are encourag
ing these home Industries. Teachers
undertaking the sale ef laoe and other
needlework, are being sent around with
new patterns to instruct purchasers In
the art The industry is being conducted
on a sound commercial basis, one objeot
of which is to free the handicraft from
the domination of middlemen.
Austrian ladies are clever with their
charities. Tbey do not give money away,
but provide means of earning it Wher
ever expenses for, secretaries and other
help oan be obviated, hardheaded busi
ness methods are used by them.
Duchess Sophia Charitable.
The Duchess Sophia of Hohenburg,
not being of royal birth is unpopular
ih royal circles. She is strong-minded
and In order to avoid snubs from the
NEW STEAMSHIP TO BE
MODEL ACHIEVEMENT
' London, Jan. 14. Wireless messages
direot to and from any part of the At
lantis' ocean such Is the new develop
ment' promised on the completion of
leviathan ships now in course of con
struction. ",...
At present wireless communications
from ship to shore is restricted by dis
tance. A message sent. say, from Eng
land to the Mauretania or any other
ship in mldatlantlo, has to be ploked up
by another vessel nearer the shore and
retransmitted to its destination."
This is due mainly to. the fact that
the .masts are not sufficiently high to
allow of a continuous succession of pow
erful aerial waves ' carrying the mes
sages, but this defect is soon to be
remedied..1: - '."."''
- The Hamburg-Amerioan steamer Eu
rope, whloh Is nowbelng built, will
probahjy be the first ship to .communi
cate direct to the' shore stations from
any part of the Atlantic.
Her masts will be unusually high, and
she will carry the most powerful wire
lens apparatus ever installed on a sea
going vessel. tH-r : -
The Europe will be 900 feet long and
98 1 feet broad, and she. will have no
fewer than nine decks above the-waten
line Jr veritable kyserapcrafloatr"-"l
Another Interesting feature will be a
new system of ventilation. There will
be no ventilators rising above her decks.
Furs air warmed to a comfortable tem
pnratttre wlir be pumped to all parts of
thai ship in -.such, a manner tliat there
Will be no1 inoonvenlcnc from draught.
enchantment of Kins Manuel of
TAKES INTEREST IN CHARITIES
royalties, devotes herself to charitable
worlcs, in which she receives the. hearty
support of the Jesultes.
The arohduke, who was wont to have
his way when she took him in hand,
now spends his time attending to his
gardens and art collections, and is al
lowed lss liberty than that usually
enjoyed by male members of the royal
family. y
The Influence of the duchess- also
serves to keep the next heir. Archduke
Karl Frana Josef, aged 11, son of Arch
duke Otto and nephew of the Heft Ap
parent in the background. This is be
cause she desires preferment for her
children. According to the Austrian
constitution, they are ineligible to the
throne, but notwithstanding Archduke
Ferdinand's renunciation of their rights
upon his marriage to Sophia, many law
yers contend they are the legal heirs
to the Hungarian throne. v
It ia. believed In Vienna that a match
will eventually be arranged between
Karl Frans Joeef and ' Louis, daughter
of the Kaiser Wllhelm II of Germany If
the obstacles In the way of religion can
be overcome )ne being a Roman Cath
olic and the other a Protestant
tAST TREE OF LIBERTY
IN PARIS DESTROYED
(Br tbe Internttloiuil Mews Service.)
Paris, Jan. 14. The last of the Trees
of Liberty, several of which were
planted in Paris to commemorate the
revolution In 1818, is no more. The
little tree planted with much ceremony
flourished and grew to be one of the
tallest In the city. Of late years the
Tree of Liberty was only In theory a
tree of liberty, for it was really a Trie
oner surrounded by houses, and these
year after year have increased in height
making the. 'struggle of the tree the
harder, and death has proved the con
queror. The roots, however, spread and
became dangerous to a- house of eight
torlea, so in-its attempt , to rival the
house in height the tree was vanquished
and has fallen to the axe of the tree
ffller. "
FORTUNE OF $250,000
HELD UP IN ODD WAY
' St Petersburg, Jan, 14. naif a sheet
of paper will make all the difference In
the dl spool tlon of - property . amounting
to $260,000. , . . vt - 1 . v .
The Russian law requires that a will
shall be made on a whole sheet of paper,
buranldtedyadeefnrw proper
fonn, but on a half sheet of paper, and
then died. .
" The probate court regards the will as
nonexistent,' and the legatees aro fight
ing the case to prevent the property
going to distant holrs, who are French
subjects, - - - t
By George Dufreane.
Paris, Jan." 14 To. transform a rabid,
revolutionary Socialist into a safe and
sound sta.esman, there is evidently no
better way than to elevate him to the
position of the, highest responsibility
and place the welfare of the whole na
tion In big handa The means may seem
a risky out, but intbe case bf M, Briand
it has been a complete succesa At
heart, undoubtedly as much In sym
pathy as ever wit.ii' the Socialist-cause,
M. Briand has had his vMwa broadened
with his Increased responsibilities and
his three bills to prevent a recurrence
of the disastrous railroad strikes In
1110, which oostthe country millions
of f rancs deal as severely with vio
lent strikers as the most conservative
statesman might wish, .'and what is
more, M. Briand Intends to carry them
through in spite of the torrent of abuse
and denunciations from nis former par
tisans. s " -.1 .s' - -
' Acts of sabotage will be 'punished by
terms of imprisonment of from one
month to two years, and fines of from
60 francs. to 1000 franca .Those who
incite to sabotage incur the same pen
alties. There will be no dlffloulty In
getting parliament to vote this bill, The
same may be said of the proposal, to
Inflict from six months' to' two years'
imprisonment on the drivers, stokers,
conductors, signalmen and pointers who
abandon their posts In the hours 'of
Service. .!-.
Might to Strike Attacked.
Where M. Briand will meet with ob
stacles is In the suppression-of ' the
"right to strike." The railroad men have
always jealousy asserted this privilege,
and former ministers have admitted
their .claim. Arbitration , for the solu
tion of conflicts is proposed. There will
be a central conciliation committee and
local conciliation committees. The
members will be chosen from lists ap
proved by the chamber and the senate.
There is a clause which attacks the
General Labor Confederation. Any
union of associations, or syndicates, in
citing railway men to strike, or supply
ing them with the.meanB to strike comes
under the j?en..l provisions of ths law.
It is to be feared that the temper of
the Radical-Socialist elements in the
chamber will refuse,' to acoept so draetlo
a policy. MO doubt Conservatives, Na
tionalists ' and Progressives will sup
port M- Briand through and through,
but ths prime minister has proclaimed
that he would sooner retire from office
than govern by "reactionary" votes,
.hence, probably, the explanation of the
rumors that the Briand cabinet has not
long to live.
ITormaa rates Planned.
Fetes, which are certain to excite im
mense Interest outside as well as In
France, are to take place this summer
at Rouen, and other Gorman towns
ana aiso among tne normans in fans,
who form a strong colony bare of quite
100,000. The festivities are to be held
In clebratlon of the thousandth annl-r
versary of the settlement ef Clalt-en-Bpte,
which marked the beginning ef
the Norman state. M. Fallleres has ao
oepted the presidency of the honorary
committee in this city, which includes
many Nprmana well known in the do
mains of .politics, literature, and art
while the working committee, with M.
Bailee as Its head, Is already busy on
the organization of the fetes, which will
take place In Paris on June 17 and 18,
and among which may be noted a re
ception of the delegations that will come
from abroad, a grand ceremony at the
Sorbonne, a gala so.ree, and a' banquet.
Although a subscription has only been
Opened quite recently among the Nor
mans, the sum of 126,000 has already been
collected, but the committee is appeal
ing to them for funds on a very gener
ous 'scale, a the object Is to give the
utmost eclat to these festivities.
As I have remarked, this commemo
ration is bound to bo viewed with the
greatest interest abroad as well as in
this country, aa there are so many peo
ple of Norman origin, not only in Ens
land but in many another land. The
great Northman, Rolf, Tollo-or Rou, to
give him his Scandinavian, Latin 'and
French names, received from Charles
the Simple, a grant of land in which
Rouen was situated, and which ex
tended eastward to tne spte and to the
Dive on the west Such was the be
ginning of the Norman state, which,
owing to the valiance and ability of its
dukes and their subjects, long wielded
an influence in Europe which was out
of ' all proportion to its sfza I may
aua that foreigners of Norman origin
will be "represented at the festivities, as
deputation "will' be constituted for this
express purposef and that -they will re
ceive the heartiest .welcomes.
V Woman Burns Xusband Alive.
From a provincial " town comes a
weird story of a woman who' is alleged
to have burned her husband alive in the
presence of her three children,' a son
aged 17, and two daughters aged re
spectively 11 and It. The couple, it
seems, were not very happy of late,' the
wife being exceedingly jealous of her
husband and causing frequent scenea
She Is also alleged to have developed a
regular mania for persecution, end made
life a burden to her husband and all
those around her. The poor man finally
said that he could stand It no longer.
He would leave her, and go with their
children to live with his parents.
The following night big wife, it is al
leged, waited until he was asleep, and
then she poured a bottle of petroleum
over the bed and set rire to It In a
moment the poor man was enveloped in
flames, and as he jumped out scream
ing with pain ho said to her in the pres
ence of his children "Wretched women,
you have done thlsr . He died from his
burns a few hours later, The woman
was arrested, and denied that she had
done it A bottle, which had contained
petroleum, was found at the foot of, pie
bed, but she says that she does not
know how It got there. - It li believed
that she must have done It during a
moment of insanity, which It Is alleged,
is hereditary In hef family, three chll
draii out ef.nine having haen aant-ta
lunatic asylums, f
The Austrian war department has or
dered 16 machines Invented by one of
Its officers with which it will "pos
sible for 25 workmen to manufacture
1,600,000 rjfle cartridges a day
f r ;f ; Vr
W 0 fir hm a n .
. , i i ii i i i I 1 -e
The two self-confessed British spies, Captain Trench of the Royal Ma
rines,, on the left, and Lieutenant Brandon, of the navy. Map show
ing the scene of -their activities and the relation of the English
coast to the German stronghold of Borkheim.-; -
TSlBfBilS
By Herbert A. White.
CVnlted PreM teiied Wire.)
Berlin, Jan. 14, Captain Trench and
Lieutenant Brandon, the two English
army officers recently convicted at
Lelpslg of spying upon the German
North Sea defenses at Borkum, are hav
ing the time of their lives In jail.
Prison life In a German fortress Isn't
like prison life anywhere else. It isn't
Intended to be. Its Intention is to car
ry out, the form of Imprisonment for
persons who ought to ' be Imprisoned,
without hurting the feelings of those
whose station is such that their feelings
mustn't be hurt.
Teutonic officers, for Instance, who
do things the kaleer considers all right
but can't openly countenance on ac
count of his people's objection to them
are sent to the fortresses. Duelists
make up a considerable proportion of
the German fortress population. Army
officers who chop civilians up with
their swords for making slurring re
marks about the imperial uniform are
also well represented. So are officers
who have been- convicted of mistreat
ment of their subordinates.
. These are things which It won't do to
recognise as legitimate. Yet it wouldn't
do to. subject the aristocrats who do
them to the humiliations unpleasant
ness and' downright hardships of ordi
nary prison life. So the kaiser has them
shut up In fortresses Instead. That is
to say, they are sentenced to be shut
up in them and they really do sleep in
them at night Otherwise they have an
excellent time. A sentence to a term
of confinement In a fortress la really a
sentence to a pleasant vacation, unless,
indeed. It is for so long a term that
continued' residence in one plaoe grows
monotonous. But that doesn't often
happen. The mllitarycourta see to It
that it doesn't And even if some' one
does get a pretty long sentence now
and then, he can arrange to be trans
ferred from fortress to fortress, so as
to get all the variety he likes.
Captain Trench and Lieutenant Bran
don got four years, which is quite a
while, but there Is little doubt that they
will be pardoned after six months or so.
Trench is confined at Glats and Bran
don at Wesel. The chances are that
when they are released they will sin
cerely j-egretJbelng set. free and having
to go back to work again.
Take Themselves to Jail.
To start with, the two Englishmen
were not. sent to their fortresses In
charge of jailors. Nobody ever is. They
simply gave their word that they would
go straight from Leipzig' to the places
where they were sentenced to be "con
fined" and they went They had guides
part of the way, It is true, but that was
because they were unfamiliar, with the
localities and would probably have got
lost if left to themselves.
Arrived at the fortresses they were
given comfortable rooms large, light
and airy which they were allowed to
furnish to suit themselves. The rest
of the boarders received them cordial
ly. Most of them being army officers,
too, they had plenty in common. The
presence of Englishmen among the
Germans was a novelty, In fact, which
the latter . seemed greatly to enjoy.
In theory the so called prisoners are
supposed to spend the evenings In their
own apartments, but tha'reguIation 5s
one to which no attention is pa.0. Real
ly, the fortresses are more clubs than
anything else, music enlivens the In
mates' leisure, card playing for high
stakes is much in vogue and visitors
come and go quite as they please.
The typical German fortress, table Is
equal to that of a good hotel, but if
the prisoners don't like it they can buy
what they like for themselves. The
supply of wines and cigars Is unlimited
and the quality of the best.
It is of course too' much to expect
the aristocratic type bf fortress prlsdper
to wait on himself, so a soldier Is as
signed to each "cell" to keep" things in
order, clean boots, brush clothes and do
tne res or the work or a' high priced
valet Captain Trench and Lieutenant
Brandon each has such a "valet."
Naturally, having a great deat of time
on their hands, the prisoners like to be
out and about at much as possible. The
commandant's permission is necessaty
for excursions abroad -but it is seldom
refused. The only . restriction is that
Most of the German prisoners
have their families In the vicinity and
spend most of their time with them. It
has been suggested to the two English
men thai perhaps they would like to
make a similar arrangement, but they
hardljr think they will be 'confined"
long enough to make it worth while.
Such is German fortress life.
There is really something very queer
In the Trench and Brandon case. The
two officers were caught in the aot of
taking observations of the Borkheim de
fences and the Information they had
secured was unquestionably of a char
acter. which would have been extremely
valuable to the English in the event of
an attack Upon the German ooast
Moat people thought they would be
dealt with most severely. Indeed, the"
German government probably Intended
to deal with them severely at first All
at once, everything changed. The trial
was a farce. The officers admitted
everything that the Germans wanted
them to admit there was a little polite
chatting between the judges and the
accused, some funny stories were told
and then the sentence to "detention In
a fortress" was pronounced. People who
are familiar with what "detention in a
fortress" means, know perfectly well
that this was a mere joke.
The popular theory Is that the whole
thing was fixed up in advance between
the English and German governments.
Downing street was oertalnly much per
turbed when the two Britons were ar
rested and the impression is that had
all the evidence come out in court it
would have been shown that such Im
portant, British officials were behind
the. affair as to have strained Anglo
German relations dangerously per
haps to the extent of a war.
Now, neither country wants war at
present England is too busy with in
ternal difficulties to welcome foreign
ones and Germany has not made suffi
cient progress with its new navy to be
ready for an armed clash.
So It was probably arranged by mutu
al consent that the affair would be
passed over as unostentatiously as pos
sible. But it is not likely to make the
two governments much more friendly
toward one another ia future. -Germany
knows that England has been
spying upon It and England knows It has
been foupd out The situation isn't
one to make for harmony.
WOMAN TRIES FASTING
IN METZ RESTAURANT
(By the Intcraitiosil News Service.)
London, Jan. 14. It la said that Tan
talus owed his troubles to a breach
of hospitality after a supper with the
gods. Thereafter he was plunged, into
a lake In the Infernal regions, where,
parched with thirst he saw the water
rise to his Hps and then recede.
Frauleln Grete Erallon approached
very nearly to this state of things.
This youn lady is a follower of the
Immortal Buccl, who a number of years
ago performed a feat of fasting In
London.
Frauleln Emllon has undertaken a
long fast at one of the' last places It
would be possible to conceive, namely,
a restaurant at Met. Shut away from
all physical contact with the world, she
spends her time In a glass case reading
romances and writing letters. She de
taches a piece of paper from a pad and
answers any inquiry that is passed into
the cas by the individuals of the crowd
which ..Increases daily. But she never
partakes, at least so we are' led to
understand, of the gastronomic dainties
which she can smell.
ACTRESS TRIES TO
TAKE HER OWN LIFE
i ' '
- (Bf the Intersauoaal ! Harriet.)
Brussels, Jan. 14. A sensation was
caused recently at the close of an even
ing performance at the Aihambra by a
French actress named Mile. Emma Deru
attempting to put an end to her lift
by taking poison In her dressing room.
Her groans brought her assistance, and
she was conveyed to the neareat hos
pital in a critical condition.- Her at
tempt at suicide was said to be the
result of a disappointment In love. ,
T enable-i person to nassago him
self without assistance there has been
patented art apparatus to be fastened to
a wall, adjustable to any- height, in
ghlcltA.affleal.wUh leather -cove 4- balls
on the ends of the spokes is rotated by
cranks' and suitable gears. , .
Half a century ago there ware 18
species of humming birds on the island
of Trinidad; now there are but fivej and
scientists are puszled to explain,
By Frederick Werner,
(Br the International Nw Servlc)
Berlin, Jan. 14. A general feeling of
uneasiness pervades the whole German,
people from ths highest to the lowest. .
Nobody dares hope that the year, -which
has just begun, will bring anything but
domestic calamities. The process against ,
the participants in tbe-dlstuVbances 4n-
Moabit drags along and government and
police alike have failed to read the pub-
He mind. The decorations given by tbe
kaiser to the police, officials, whom pub-
lie opinion unanimously has condemned.
have aroused a feeling of bitterness .
against the government which grows
more acute every day. and wmcn nas
spread far beyond the ranks of those
who condemn the government as a mai- -ter
of habit and principles
Nothing; has ever excited so strongly.
war between the classes and, these
marks ef distinction given to brutal
policemen, because they prophesy a com
ing revival of the old Btsmarcktan fall
ure, the policy or violent oppression.
The old rusty arms used in the war
against the "Umsturs" parties are again
miU VKVMAM w V & . -
of reaction and sharpened for future
use. It is, f course, to be hoped that
the relchstag and the great majority of .
the voters will layvdown their veto
against any such criminal po.llcy and
give the chancellor of the empire the
friendly advice of sheathing his sword,
but the very attempt to repress ths
outburst of public feeling by anticipated
measures, cannot but increase the- feel- -Ing
of bitterness of the masses against
the classes. i ; ..
' The Ohasnt Widens. "
Another cause of ill feeling against
the ruling bureaucracy was the heavy
sentence of one year's imprisonment Im
posed upon the large land owner, Becker,
for insulting Judge von MalUahn,
though it was evident from the court
proceedings that- Becker has never
meant to attack the judge's person, but
only the system whose representative ha
was, and which forced him to make a
formal complaint very much against the
Judge's personal wish. To the Jerman
people It is clear that the accused was .
right as it is equally clear that as he
unfortunately cejna Jnto conflict with
the law the court was forced to sen
tence him, but: they do not understand
the necessity of sending a highly, re
spected man to prison for a year for a
mere technical offense. The undue se
verity of the sentence has only served
to further Widen the chasm between ths
government and people.
Peace by Repression.
The Berlinger Tageblatt, one of the
most influential papers .of Germany,
takes a very gloomy view of ths pros
pect of the new year at home and
abroad. ';
"Nowhere," says the paper, "do we see ,
any manifestations of an earnest desire
for the blessings of peace. "' Peace is
banished from our policies. Interior and
exterior. We are filled with distrust of
other nations, who distrust us as heart- .
ily, and at home , social, political and '
economic contracts are always clashing. -Perhaps
humanity was created for strife
and universal peace may forever remain
an unattainable ideal, but this Is no
reason why we should try to eliminate
from struggle for? existence all evidence
of national and class hatred. Today,
unfortunately, might Is still right in
Germany, where justice and personal
freedom ought to prevail. We try te
create peace by force. Increase our arma
ments and are about to embark upon a
poljcy of violent repressslon as 1f we
were Ignorant that peace can exist only
on basis of friendly understanding be
tween nations and between government
and governed.' Peace and freedom go
together."
Kusso-Germaa Alliance.
As we get farther away from the
event Itself and become able to look at
It in the proper perspective. It becomes
more and more evident that the meet
ing unceremoniously at Potsdam be
tween the cxar and k alter did more to
peace conferences of the past
At that meeting no speeches ware
made, which, ' at the time, was Inter
preted as Implying that nothing of Im
portance had happened. The very re
verse, however, ia the case. For there
Is - no , doubt that a most important
agreement has been reached between
Russia and Germany. Both countries
have engaged to support no aggressive
action ultimately aimed against one ef
them. That is what M. Von Bothmann-.
Hollweg stated in the relchstag .and
which the esar has since confirmed la
the letter he wrote to his ambassador
in Berlin, Count Osten-Sacken, when
conferring on him one of his highest
orders In recognition of his services
in reestablishing "the Russo-Germaa
friendship,'-
Austria Is," of course, vitally later
ested in this agreement but after con
sideration, seems satisfied. For ' this
agreement means, the peace, of Europe
for years ahead. It changes nothing In
the internal relations of the members
of the triple alliance or tbe triple en
tente. But it makes a sorlous collls- -slon
between the two camps impossible.
or no sucn collision coum occur witn
out ultimately involving an attack
either on Germany or on Russia, ' Cynics
say that both alliances bavs now be
come a farce, since the eventuality for
which they were concluded has become
Impossible. They are right In theory.
In practice, however, the two groups
will remain as before, though for year
ahead their organisation is not likely to
be put to practical test The Potsdam
agreement seems a distinct victory for
the new Germsn foreign secretary, ven
Kldderleln-Wachter, A ; period of in
disturbed peaee win Igtve the Austre
German Alliance time untH Austrla hu
enormously strengthened her army by
the Introduction of the two year' fr.
vice system and established a Iread
nougbt squadron In the Adriatic.
" , n1"" 1 1 11 ....,,. -
Deodorising half a million rations rf
sewage a day by electrolysis, Minn?
bacteria and leaving a doer Ii-i ti l r . .
rylng only a trifling !imot of ir i
saUav Bent. Monica; l; has v ,
sewage disposal problem that ? -
all clttea ;;;;:;;v'-
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