THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, JANUARY 1, 1911.
FT ;
t w- "I1111 - TV
EVER
If
ll 1 Vuj V r J
EVOLUTION
Review of Transportation Agencies
, -
T
HE passing of the Oregon Railroad
& .Navigation company recently
merged as a part of the Oregon &
Washington Railroad AiMavlga-.
i uon company marks tne ena oi
another period in the career of the first,,
,, transportation system in the old "Oregon
the earjy history of the Pacific coast the
transportation monopoly could prosper
.V . I T V. .. ...I-.'
tence to handle river traffic, the com
Tf the steamboat practically disappeared
; and the railway train, extending into the
riches parts of the original "Oregon
... Country,1' created a business, bringing
- ; millions in profits eyery year to the men
y who halt a century ago foresaw the Pa-
cirio northwest as it will be.
The real beginnings of the Oregon
Railroad A Navigation .company are "to .
be found! in I860, when "steamboatlng
, . was begun on the Columbia river. For
years following that dato 'Mttla boats
r.lUJ U. .1.... IPU
uiinu liib 1 1 r i his m. i ii if lico.iii . x uc
traffic had grown until larger boats
wera hullt ann th niimh.r ln th aerv-
..i iH,.oi Th. f,.i,i,
M, rrm Dnrti.,, in Tk. n,iia s8
rate from
$30 Ter ton. jThe porUge
miieH, was JU Ter ton., .ins poruigo
around, the obstruction a The Dalles
was mado by freight teams.
.
mues, was
Steam Navigation Comp-ny Formed,
So ranldly had the business developed
,. ':. . ,, .... . . ., . ..
that in .April. 1859. combinaUons.of the
transportation interests were effected
under the name of the Union Transport
tatlon company and the Columbia River
Steam Navigation company. For a year
this arrangement troved pronuoie ana
the business expanded rapidly. After
protracted efforts the Orogon Steam."
Navigation comCahy was formed with a
i.itf t ,u.mv,n,t nt ti7
capital, largely In steamboats, of $17.-
t r- Ai....h ..,,
J. C. Ainsworth was made agent, and
bo remained until tr.e company was le-
pnll nrtranWaA mi Flftftmhor aa- a,a
Iho i nrnT a B h ri J Vrnm h
w ki i! 1 r 11 itioT i?h
Washington territorial legislature wun
nominal headquarters at Vancouver. The
W.Pope.. 4; J, M. Oilman. 4: George W.
Hovt a .
. . . . .
which noalti , hh nor, nled with the"
Wntlon ol ona- vLr ntlr
y . owr "f . ne en"r
lire or tne corporation, ine superior
value -of. that portion of the new
,
owned by Thompson and Coe was recog-
V... .1 ..u 1
'" " i l' i. .u " , '
,0f? .w.. any "i11 f"U.n-
""mK 1 mull, uif uiKr, owi nrauenw
Ilnaal.alf S?0'-?!?"
mu .tn. uuvn onu iK.viii, ."u
this way obtained an Interest in the cor-
poration in which the senior mem Der or
the banking firm afterwards became
quite a power. The difficulty ln effect-
ing an organization of this company was
very great, but Its subsequent history
was great ln result' and usefulness. No
other steamboat company In the ynUed
States can show siich a record. No as-
BORsment was ever lev ied on the stock.
The company expended ln gold nearly
$3,000,000 In creating the subsequent
masrnlfieent nronertv. hpaides navlne to
stockholders in dividends over J2.500.OO0
in eold.
The first board of directors elected
. .V
t.a.w.v.. on ocn .... . i . . . .
worth, J. S. Ruckle, D. F. Bradford, S. G.
. , , .. .
Reed and L. W. Coe. These were sup-
Tposed to represent the different Interests
that composed the new company. On
June 8, L. W. Coo resigned as director,
and R. R. Thompson was elected ln his
Place.
Minerals Are Found.
Very soon after the legal organization
Of the company the rich placer gold
mines of Idaho territory. Washington
territory and wectern Montana were
t -
.. rrciw
discovered and a rush or miners ano
Calle-aA-4own stream to Astoria, in mar. -kv.j .w. t.,. . Rtenm Navlsratlnn mmmnv nnAnithn. brought Into bains-. and thu flwrnn k..-v .x... ... - iuum iucbo u.;., us "ic auuius unaer iock ana i
the earliest enterprises the names of J. Th" atZ)Z the road TwUhTm. and tween Portland and Oregon Citr and Steam Navigation company, after a Propitiate the sylvan gods during tne niKht 8troke, crowds of first-footers key At the beginning 0f the day the
C Ainsworth. Jacob Kamm. Captain Lot from that Plnt t0 Corvallls. and Eugene score of years of prosperity unparalleled ea80n of c0,d- i were also abroad. They Were men and Wren obtain all the doorkeys in ths
Whitcomb and Colonel Jennings appear T "00;0 !i Cy 0T evral In " the Peo- in the hWtory of America, passed out ot ... w . . - Women striving to be the first to set f8 " them ready tor instant
i . .. ..Cv. Immense caravan was taxed to its ut- r.i. 'rn.nnr,nHnn ... .... .. T... When Gifts Were Lavish. . use. Then throughout the day and eve.
7. V . 1 V: Bl 1,10 L,a,lea wa"ia"en 10 ino company to meet tnem in New yorn 0f the business in early days, and ln part In the toast ot the present day. on uio imrmu, ui iv mj household give money to each Aftr ihu
15 shareholders, whose holdings were Cascades and placed at work. - Ruckle- city. They met in New Tork and after iate years the name of Edward H. Har- The head of the household in England the year, or Hogmanay, to get them- a of decorated animals led
as follow: . ' . . .-became convinced that his true policy much talk and frequent disagreements rim an became interwoven inseparably first drank from the wassail bowl, and swaddled in a great sheet, doub- Dy children slowly pass the house and
R. R. Thompson. 120 shares; Ladd & was to self to the company. The pur- effected the purchase of three fourths Jn tho history of the Oregon Railroad & then taBsed It on to his family and led up In front so as to form a vast th f d Vomen wt fnii .
'''Jr Wh-1 everyHt,Wn of the caplUI stock of the Oregon Steam N8V,Bation compan, 'and Mn t. SeWp riendf It Ly t me. con- F'tX"? St tttooVTof with IndiSbl.rSS
60;' Jacob Kamm, 67; J. C. Ainsworth. into the hands of tho Oregon Steam Navigation company, at the rate Of $2.- ment of the Pacific northwest utrt of onlv a laree bowl of spiced ln mUe band8- calUng at the doors of Tn f peasants' nZw
40; A. H. Barker. 30r S. G. Reed. 2; NavlgaUon company November 4. 1MJ. 000.000 for the whole, giving one half ment P "e aclc northwest, 8ls tort of on ly ra bi or -picea tnn wealther )nnab,tailt, for a dole of YeBr tJft tare
Benjamin Stark, 19; Joslah Myrlck. 12; and the price pald was $155.000. of theamount lnNorthern Pacific bonds . Gmtlmat, redlent, of the mo intricTte com- l"" hL. 5h. I'U . At midnight the peasant, surround a '
utfiHatrj tii 1 4 nr a n v - I t ii ri i i i nn I li fir I ill n imm m viiv brninin rum- ai i. n r m ti fi rirmir sm m v iimo Tnr r n . ' uuovuiai l bbliiui ul va l tana nnu - in mta i. m a. .
rreignt up tne coiumma river was tne integrity
consequence. The new company was wgs a c,oge corporation". Soon after
greatly overtaxed to do the business that thp or(far,zatlon tho Bradfords offered
was forced upori it. The portages at t0 se ther gtock at 75 cent8 or at th0
the Cascades were owned by rival and rate of 11,500.000 for the whole prop
hostile parties, yet both were interested erty including steamships. , This Brad
in the Oregon Steam Navigation com- f0rd' gtoci was purchased by A. Hay
pany. snd occupied seats on the board. wnrd for a pool of those who agreed to
These parties regarded their portage in-
terests . as of paramount importance,
They looked upon the company as sim-
ply auxiliary to their other and larger
Th rnrl.rr. r..r1. Kr
.ini.r,0. r.u.u.nc " ..ir..o u.
1 teams to the mouth of Deschutes river,
. . .... . ... ....... ... .
a aistance ot aoout zo mues, ana was
at that time principally 'controlled by
C. Humason and his associates. The
freight for the new mining country was
so extensive that at times the whole
portage at the Cascades was lined with
freight from one end to the other. The
result was of course heavy losses caused
by damage and a system of robbery lm-
possible to prevent. The company paid
damages to freight in a singl month
amounting to $10,000. The most of .this
occurred on the portage, yet It was in
variably charged to ,the Oregon Steam
Navigation company
The steamboat
vantage under which
' they were simply
: tint, were wholly
gal; which were In the hands ot rivals.
' J . .... '...AMU1A ntiantnaa .O flu 4n
rr.en realised the dlsad- ----- - - characteristic of youth. Tl
l ft t h. MllCIIirill All IUOUV wuuek i .A 11 I At M i JX W
n, u.m Birauicro m.. ,. thn M..ntrv anA tha Oreeon -cnui. oveu iiw uwm- kept c1ear. of Buch
dependent on tne port- . v. .. r,nn mnr ing nope t scientists, dui as years ro wtouid remain in
. l iuib uiiio Bi"viu i hioiib ui
transportation over their portage was a
' ....... I.JIfrn.nn, wArtv. , ft m a. a r ..n-.
ij. iuuuic.i wuUUl. iiodinaj ..v....
ft What was known as the Middle Landing
.to the upper Cascades' on the Weshlng-
g ton side. Ruckle's means of transports-
tion on the Oregon side was a wooden
tramwav the whole lencth of the Dort-
, " ' . " . . i
age; tne lower naii, or irom me miaaie
" Landing down, was of .irom strap, and
over this portion of the road he ran a
J. small engine. The cars on the upper
part of the road were hauled- by mules,
. ' as they were on the Bradford road.
, Durjng the high stage of water, notably
Irom May to August, the teamert could
j not run to the Middle Landing, conse-
quently Ruckty transported the freight
)c.at ifch times over the entire portage,
Aifeenwrfcicli lie..,.raetya . B...ali
through rate from Portland to The
'. " Dalle, and as Bradford had no tramway
u'beloW the Middle Landing, he could" not
r, claim from Ruckle' a division of portage
V earnings on the lower half ef his rod.;
This annoyed Bradford exceedingly, as
Euckle'js Income from this source, wltt
OF A GREAT
of Oregon Country That Had Their Beginnings tn Navigation Company of
Half Century Ago and Their Makers. . j
igen
Oregon Steam Navigation company
organized 1869, by special act of the
legislature of Washington territory,
with headquarters at : Vancouver.
Capital,' jm.500. - Operated steam
boats on Columbia river only. Re
organised In 1862;vnder laws of Ore
gon.' : ':y V- "
Oregon Railway k Navigation com
pany organised, X879, "by Henry VII
lard, with. $4,000,000 capital ' Reor
ganized 48J6 ts the Oregon Railroad
& Navigation company. Merged 1910
as part of,, the . Oregon-Washington
Railroad & Navigation company, with
H lines and 8474 miles of tracks.
Capital," 8SO.0OO.OQO. Value of prop-'
erties involved in merger, $18,415,000.
Expanded in construction with bet
terments since 1898 $59,735,000. v
t . -
the immense freight that -was then mov
ln"' very great,
". -r ,
"ju is riannea.
J. ,C Ainsworth and those who were
X . . . . . . .
iinis i ri ar rrt rna inravasf s r Y m m hAa e
J"0?t capacity as -was' everything else
. . ' ""u' wa lo
Drlng le board of directors to see the
n.ece8Jtv of.buildlng a railroad from
mf at"' L .tt
(ham tfcoi th. .... .,,.' ., " . . .
Jg, tn ra i.!? f, "If? V"
Jk He found Portland, and lateTHevTit
.-th, hopofrn ;cofn.aib
about 20 miles of railroad lronrwhich?
could be procured by paying freight and
charges. He made arrangements to takn
q 'Tl
tho lot T0 would on.,y
require 14 miles, so this would be
enough for the Cascades portage as well,
Arrangement, were made for the ship-
""-" ui i a 1 wum
or constructing The Dalles & Celllo
r?ad was commenced. They had com-
Eelea aD.0Ut thr miles of this road at
1 ne thanes when Bradrord. became
frlgntened at the uccess Qf RuckJe on
the Oregon side of the Cascades. This
led Bradford to agree to the construe-'
tion of a road hv th nrrnn steam Kov.
. vibvJI wLtaui " wm ' cumti ii lire. iicj
lgat!on company the full length of the proposed to purchase control oThe Ore-
Porta'e on the Washington side of the.gon Steam Navigation stock and Invited
river. As soon as the negotiations for an Interview with 'an authorized commit-
the sal were completed the construction
P"y, rirst organised by special act or
l.
me legislature oi wasnmgxon terriiory,
,iv. i i u-a . . v.
ver. was dissolved December B. 1862, and
Iwruil' 1er th general corpora-
tiOH law of the statn nf Oreiron. This
...... -.,- Th.
Db.tlUU V 1 1 V- Ube,.VII V. DJ.. I . . 1 . V.
now master of the riverand all rival
""
interests were centered in the company,
The capital stock was $2,000,000. repre-
Rented bv 25 Shareholders, at 1500 Per
8hare' as foUows:
Hraarorn ( TI. 75S HhareS It. It.
Thompson. 672; Harrison Olmstead, 558;
Jacob Kamm, 354; L. W. Coe, 33S; T
w. Lyles. 210; J. C Ainsworth, 188; A
H. Barker, 160;' S. C. Reed, 128; Ladd &
Tilton, 78; Joslah Myrlck, 66; Richard
Williams, 48; A. H. Grenzebach, 52; J.
W. Ladd, 48; J. M. Oilman, 44; P. F.
Doland, 42; E. J. Weekes, 42; S. G. Reed.
agent, 40; J. W. Ladd, agent, 40; Joseph
Bailey. 36; O. Humason, 34; J. S. Ruckle,
24; George W. Hoyt. 18; J. H.'Whlttle-
sy. 8. v
The Oregon Steam Navigation corn-
Dany Immediately entered upon a career
' marvelous prosperity, which never
llttBtBU. "u " iiiny "
nnw In Inflnpn. AnH wpnlth until, from
.i a j .u. , ,i....j
o ... . . . -. . ....... -
.w. V.. l...l. . i . . ... nn.l. fl.
the humble beginning made by Insiglfi-
Aant .lara.ailiul.ra Hire. lh. P.iTlfl T -J li 1 1
ren steam Navigfttlon company
and ,u BUCC.g8C,r8 had become a power
,n the money centers of two continents.
Throu(rhout entire period of activity
th COmpany succeeded in keeping the
g00(j wui 0f the people. No worthy
traveler was ever refused passage on
the Oregon Steam Navigation company
steamers, and many a man was not
only carried frw. but was given his
meal, as well The pursers werejM
$150 per month and that wan extremely
. . . , . i ...
irnnn nnv rnr. innrip rimnH. I no. inn nun v
3-,.-'. bond of them and trusted
take a chance on the future of the com
pan;' and purchase its stock
'whenever
This pool
it could be had at 75 cents.
consisted of W. S. Ladd, J. W. Ladd. R.
T Thnmrwnn B O Rppd A Havward
... . ...... . . - ..
and J. C. ainsworth. Arrangements
A . I ,U T J.AA t. Tlllnn (n orl-
wore uaurj vim a
vance money on such purchased stock
and charge tne pool interest, as soon
as araoiora wia
stampede oreurred with most of the
large stockholders outside of the pool
named; many were frightened because
the control seemed, to be going into Hay-
ward's hands, and the offer of stock
was more than the pool could well pro-
,de h t rU was purcna8ed that was
nffgrgQ
Business Increases Fast.
The new company began its business
f h . " harvest ln transporting
il..n Ann nf thu truaiirx HopkorH
foun(. ln the mlneg. The Florence City
. . I . .... . . ....
gold excltemen t oi 1 8t2 aiso Drougut. tne
Oregon Steam Navigation company a
floftd of prosperity. The wonderful re-
gouf.,, 0f tbe new northwest were now
becoming known as they had never been
. . ti,u h hnr, vuo, .-.f
UCiV.ra.. iiiw aao J v.
Columbia river steamboaung. The boats
could not possibly take care of all the
business offered. The fleet running to
jne Cascades was frequently unable to
handle the people who -arrived on the
Bteamshlps and the portage was blocked
with freight for days at a time, not-
withstanding the fact that double erews
were operated. . A trip with leas; than
200 people was light At Portland the
rush of freight to the docks was so
wt--tlMiHlr iwelw
form and stand in line to get, their
turn In delivering goods." Their lines
were kept unbroken day and night for
weeks and month.v :'So. notwithstanding
the enormous price of freight 'and pass
age, It was Impossible to meet the de-
mand.-A few private boats found plenty
.1 l.i s I LB eXlBieillQ IHW o."" fc.'iv. v " j . . ,.. i - --
ii.y imrurcu. , . hr-.h. . unrA. nf me uieappuiincu uruam vi lib cany ai- . vas. network
RAILROAD
of business; also the .steamer Maxla"
. .... ...
of . the Independent line, but she was
seised bv, the ervrnmnt on a. tarJinlea.1
charge axd in March, 1865, the Oregon
Steam . NavlgaUon company got control
of her. v Another contestant was Captain
Van Bersen. who aaoured tha mAll con.
tracts between Portland and The Dalles,
He controlled the People's line Of steam-'
rs.U 1 .1 :
tv.. .t,.4 i . i
uo. uuuBcu luaniM vi uwraeH iii
M
000 capital aa annual dividends.
freightVept solids such as lead.' n
tS., was estimated by measurement, 40
cubic feet making a ton. The passage
frnm.PnrM.nri tn Th. n-iil-'
... ..v.-
and 7 cents extra for meals. Portland
to Lewiston. $60 and meals and bed $1
each.
Owing to high ratej., opposition boats
were siartea more or less snaamodicai
ly on the Columbia and Wllfamette rlv-
. i ... ...
firs n ' nnn gnnnn aa t n a la i i ia m arra
ganlsed with. a capital stock of $2,000,-
Ji
completed, the parties controlling them,
1?"1L KLTZ:
lgation company's boats. This opposU
tion nontlniipd for ivn vMrs Th rr.
Navigation com nan y cut wo
l the Orewn City 'run and the
outcome of it was that this company
purchased a controlling interest in the
locks and the Goldsmith ftnd. Teal
oicnmeia.
w
Northern Pacific Attempts Purchase.,,,
Bv .., th Nnr.hmi- p-.wl rA,t&,d
, " . " ;
was In the senlth of Us prosperity and
the management oslred to use the Ore-
gon Steam Navigation facilities in eon-
nwrtinn .ith ihoir ntrr.ria. Th
tee from the Oregon Steam Navigation,
-
money payments The old owners Of
me company reiainea one rourtn or the
.i, j Lni... i.. .
so they considered that they had made
a good sale, but subsequent events
nroved it to he a mistake.
Thrn.ih th oll,,-o nt T.v .
....VUB'. .MVP . ... . U . V. W C J VW.O ,
forced into liquidation, and the bonds
that the Oregon Steam Navigation direc-
torslnill held and could have sold for
h at nhnnr AO mnt nmnrA tn in
cents. The three fourths of tbe capital
nM n Ik. Unrth.,. nannu
tn triii Mrtttri Am On -! 41 n uoai4
lDto the hands 0f the bankrupt estate
HOW TO BE
San Franciscan Is Modern
T
HE FounUln of Youth!
Whn has nnt annpht It whn
the years commenced to weigh
heavily?
And who knew It lay close at
. . . . ...... ..
hand and was to he ootaineo Dy me
... i ..li t..
ipn. mmiri in K i.r I mm iiiilbi irs:
... . .
Ponc da Leon didn't find it. but Sand-
fnrn Rnnfr nf Ran FVanctacn did r
Ion wandered over the world and
thought the goal was ln flower be
decked Florida. He did not know that
he needed not to have left his bedroom.
Sandford Bennett found the fountain
and although he had passed the merid
ian of life ln looks at the age of 60
years, he became young again, and at
the age of 70 had more strength and
vitality than he had even in the days of
his lusty young manhood. In looks he
VflS
was younger at 70 than he was at 40.
'
His photographs show it
And how did he do it?
'By exarclsing.
rtU ... .,-. I r. . .k...ll
"Jr" . r'ZZl
v.Aj.rvi. . 11. rj ...
was too inconvenient,'
jwr. oenneii grfw young aKam in ou.
He was his own expert.
Sandford Bennett Is a resident of San
PTanclsco, t;ai.. where ne nas uvea ror
40 years and where he is general man-
asrer of tbe Western Redwood Lumber
company. Just now he is In Europe on
o a-tlnn aa h ! n.nrVH r.rtt
..- .. . , . . ..
hard for the last year. And he Is 70
.1 J . . Tjri. . 1
mu, iw. mn biui wi nuw no
grew young again Is of interest.
lelis interesting btory.
"At the age of 60 years," says Mr.
Bennett in telling hi story, "I was
physically an old man, worn out. rheu
tl'J.T. "".,..r a ::.L. :
niBLiu, a unrunn.- ujoiotuu uiu Hainan
bald, with ether minor ailments charac-
terlstlc of age. F.ghteen years later.
nr at th. a nf fiR therm Indications of
a. physical decay disappeared.
"T .11 ..oi monbln hoc. .nrl.aaanrl
to restore to the human body by medi-
clnal means the elasticity and vitality
lis has been
on- wlth tho Precedent of-ountless mil-
i """J
fttted success, that faint Tiope Is becom-
irr mnn mm" v.t nr. .fill h nnrl.r nn
'"o - m.-.. '
alonn" the same old mistaken lines lm-
pHoltly believing in the virtues of any
much advertised preparations and as
srulllble now as when, the fountain of
vouth wsa soueht bv Ponce as Leon.
w - - '
me aosoiuie certainty is mat you
can not rejuvenate the old body by any
18S2 Vil OCPBHinnpil h thu ihuintd
i li. iu , ' , wuti n -o man ,vvv,vuv. , wk0 bealda adorning their tem- isn iiorae, ana sinjuif una uautmi, ruuiiu -.slt v.iHoh. ti.
of the Willamette river boats. , I Inventory of the nrooerty was made, to- L-"'.DIi .k- U thu.. ti- .idnn of the fam- tZ0... Neu J,euJar- CHapPV-rKow
e JJ5 Ke. rSSf tnT ihWo totMT 1 f thf? Tln P opleT'au '"he whole city thu, Aiata Pitself
S SdTe JU durfng the ensulnryear. The New Tear generous supply .f cake, and repaired lth th the
cbpsefluently good the company Spaying ?T; tVf,.f tw. customs of exchanging gifts, of visit- to the neighboring homes to offer the lng B blessing for the coming year f in '
as' hlgW as 18 per cent -on ing, masquerading, and of feasting, or- greetings of the season. But there icame its first moment. The sonorous majesty
medicine or elixir or health food orought The real cause of old age 13; this Mr. Bennett has written a volume en-
before the world. waste dogging matte. It may be termed titled. 'Exercising tn Bed," ln which he
'The question .Is, is it possible by any the debris or ashes resulting from the sets forth his methods In both text and
other means to accomplish thisT ' process 6f life, and.lt cannot be ellmt- pictures. It Is a readable book and
"Unhesitatingly, from my own expe- nated from the system by any lymph; breathes vitality and hope to those who
riedce, I answer yes.' Mine is not an serum, elixir or any medicinal pretfara- want to be young to the very end of
exceptional, case and I can state with tion yet brought before the world.". life. However, Mr. Bennett himself has
absolute certainty that the. same results Mr. Bennett has greet faith ln his nothing to sell and says he la only ln-
that 4 accomplished by the system of ex- simple system of exerclstng "tn bed and terested to the extent of telling the
welee anetl ew fctrbtetnett bytttiyenriolde ooritoteonyxme'whs-wrtt sttck"wortd W nW In making" nls
who will faithfully and persistently to the game. He says fruther: old body young.
practice the simple system. "The secret of health, strength, elas- , To be wrinkled and bald-headed at 60
"My familiarity with the subject of Hetty of body and longevity l simply snd 20 years later to be a healthy
Anatomy Is due to two years hard stud r muscular activity. The reason Is this; "youpg" man with not a line In his face
I put In trying to become a surgeon. I When a' muscle Is contracted any. worn is i something to accomplish. No one
am ready to admit, at this late day, that out dead matter which may have been grudges him his long drink at youth's
dldot become .a shining' light la tha deposited at that point is forced out into lount.
of Jay Cooke A Cix, and here it re
mained locked up for a long time This
failure served to shrink values all over
the United States. The result was that
'Oregon Steam Navigation stock went
down in the crash With other stocks. A
plan was 'adopted by the trustees of the
estate of Jay Cooke ft Co. to ..pay its
creditors In kind. , Each creditor accept-
. u n ,u, IHVUVaiilVU ICWATCvl ,1 vvi wilt
'u. " v-iu- ' v
, , j r u-. j
W. "-O-'ormea.
In 1879 Henry, Vlllard came to Oregon
with the avowed mimosa of nnrchaalna-
the Oregon Steam Navigation company's
property or building an opposition con--
cern, NeaoUaUons brouaht out the fsct
.. .J. . "
m luo esiaDiisnsa. Dusiness couia not
k..,.u .u. ... kamkm . -
l"d'w"h
w ..F i u. PV wu,,u",J-
He submitted his plaps to Jay Gould.
V. 1 .W, An.. I ,1,. II A
J , -m-o-.v,, ...
world but -got a cooV reception. Then he
laid Ws plans to combine all the trans-
portation concerns in Oregon before his
t"cu " wv "u rweivcu a
prompt response. Thus the Oregon
T-11 .V ft. XT I
xuuiwkv at. ivavncnuun mm iikiiv ' wm.pi
the new company was Incorporated, with
'-i"!--!
dk th nrernn Raiirnun a Nivintinn
.. .... .
tUuii"ij.
Th rowth an1 mission of the new
company was practically the growth and
V?! TOE?
1S?0' Thfeugh Its agency Portland 'be
':?1ZZ"": V'...1 ""u "'
'"" ul umuiuuuun lor uie norm
Pac,flc ' Btate- L,neB 'now tend to
North Idah0 and to SeatUe Gray"
Harbr. WU to southern Idaho
ana U0I,I ttie snaKe nyer- The North
Coast, building through central Wash-
'7 .. r . " "T
unenuu una to ruget souna,. -
AU th0 aarly steamboat men of the'
ncl nopt.nwefl.t wer.e .ln ome way
conneetea witn tne early history of the
Oregon Steam Navigation company, and
many of the great names In the railroad
world were at one time or another aon-
cH orirh th. m. ,m.i, i,
it itu wuu liic iuwjb willi.ll IimftU up
tho great system now brought under one
name. .Perhaps more crodit is due J. C.
Ainsworth, pioneer steamboat man, than
to any' Other person for the development
, i , , - r,. r
e-i m aira.a you are ca. snan i
! u m oti m i" u "im jto:
Mim vnn ma tinr vim m ..nn.j
me, but why take It off?
More than 200.000 miles of spirit lev-
.n., k.. h,n r d ti, nu.,,i
. .11. IIUH. IS..,. ..11 .'! ' HI.. . . Ill 1 1 1
Work of establishing bench marks
thrjiighout the country In 1897.
A RLh. lnV.AlAr h,a ttwl ,
nearly every country having patent laws
n mniAoa 4Fvw m obl n n othirl nl irVt tl mt r.t
. n..Mn. .lnAhnl .n...
the waste liquor of sulphite paper mills.
ii ...... iin-0j .uvcmIho with fh Rnmnni. uuy wueu wmsbjuuk wu, ouuccj, ut ine Beniiment senas out ta twhoinff .
YOUNG AT SEVENTY YEARS
Ponce De Leon Who Finds Fountain
profession, but I did learn all about my
nhvslc.nl nlf mv nn KtMv natlent.
"It ts astonishing that no one hereto-
'ore seems to have written at length on
the subject or experimented In this dl-
, i .i.j i. i.
rwwun. i nave ni'inini n'p" i n
fnr 18 vuara a nfl hllp'fl T hnv. At,
covered the simple solution of keeping
... - j - - - -...
young muscular activity.
By the exercises I take while lying
under the covers In the bed I was able
10 no myseii or cnmnic riieumausm,
dyspepsia and other minor ailments and
absolutely accomplished the rejuvena-
tion of a body which at the age of 50
nwwnM all f h'lnrtiratlnnB nf nhu-slnil
: - - r '
age.
How to Remain Young.
"To know how to become physically
young and remaln so, it Is well to know
why we become old. The human body
Is composed of billions of cells or mole
cules (I prefer the latter term: Web
V
sf8 definition being: a minute, parti-
mft n,r
nr hndi ."
iim.Vrt.
ie iinuias
cle), and those billions of ml
tides In the aggregate form ou
Tnc lntn be from tn
w. nrink th(, ai. WR nrAI1,hA anA th
food we take Into the stomach Th.
materiala are then con vM-tod hv the
marveious process of digestion and as-
8imiiatlon Into cellular or molecular llfn
Pilch infinitesimal cell has a life of Its
,..1 , , .v. .. o
unu an uuui uik itkii uiiuunii-
lng It as each person is distinct from
...... . . .. ....
au oiners. 1 nerie ceus come into being.
lIlt',r orl" "veB ana U1. even
as wo all must die, and having becomo
dead matter should be eliminated from
the system; if not they will clog up the
arlerlal or piping system of the body,
Under these. conditions the muscles and
organs are not properly supplied with
, , . . .ii m .
.irtherwl
1" 'tVnfy0
Indications of what we know as agp.
a hnriv itn nnm hnrad mlth --.. 1
dead
cellp and clogging matter could not be
. . r
" ' -' ' ' ' " '
hi tvLK
;tno,: nf
, IZ. , -x a ,
venous system, with
or capillaries, can be
deposits, the walls
characteristic of youth. The heart would
the plastic fnnrlmnn
numn im ninoa inroUKU tnonp. Plastic
arteries and capillaries without dtffl-
mi.. - ... . l .
- cuuy. j.ne munur ana organs Dejng
properly nourished -and supplied with
material for repairs, would retain their
vigor and the body present the appear-
ance of youth even at an advanced rage,
inri thla la thn nonltrnn whlrh T hm
- - ........ .
accomplished at almost .'three score
and ten.'
NEW YEAR'S DAY AND ITS CUSTOMS
Hgw People of All Ages and of All
:'v , . .
Pv Mabel Piske-B'assett
A'
LL DOWN the ages New Tear's
day has beer, prominent In tne
Did World. Today among some
-or me nations it uanen ia um
intofoKtin Mramonies of
, . .-.-,.,. i . a tt.a
to u- from antloultv
XL ",a.. ,- nf
IwV.Zk " -,4.k
uet - RinK m nuuBfo nnu tuuimm "
. . . .i. j , ,h. nn-
-" . .
making throughout all the coun-
was a marked feature of the day.
The Persians exchanged eggs. The Dru-
, ""5. " . .
B "1 '""
tletoe. On h last evening of the old
frnm in nnlr In th Harrnrl forpBt.
mistletoe and apportioned it to their
v?""Zr JZ:'S Vk-
LUO UCUUIO UlUWU OLM 11 T O VVtS VIJC
-
in the time of Henry VII and Henry
f-lgns amounted to-sums that were of-
niv hovnnri hir man
there was one man. honest pie
.n. pui
mere b uug mn, nuucoi iu uu-
mer. who could not lavish conscientious-
ly pon so unworthy a master as Henry
V21 Jt
uiu
. ..
New Testament with a leaf turned dowi,
81 eoTw.? "-
would Tina reterence 10 some 01 ni
own domestic failings.
This custom of lavishing presents on
the rulers of nations reached its height
0f extravagance, ln tbe reign of Queen
Elizabeth, when her people filled her
purse 10 overnuwing wnu b'u nuu.
most precious gems, her wardrobo with
the richest clothes, and her larder wltn
the rarest delicacies. -
The New Year Feast
1,,c "cw ' ' , ,
I" olden dayg the New Tear feast
nlaved an imnortunt Dart, and the was-
, 1 " '
sail wax Us most famous, dish. The
word wawsali Is equivalent to "here's to
your health." ThouRh wassailing Is
practically extinct, we have Its counter-
rtiinHlnO
H Rnvthln ln our
r. , . , V
Bifldefh cook books, snvs Helen Patten.
"It contained eight kinds of spices, six
bottles of ale. sherry, or Madeira. 12
ckus. 'wellr whisked up.' and various
frnlta Aftnr munu nrncesnes of slow
. . ....... ....... J . -
Kradual adding of Ingredients and1 pour-
ing from one dish to another, the mix-
ture was boiled 'till a fine froth was ob-
talnpn '
Then with the tossing in of
'12 soft roasted apples.' It was sent up
Vl At "
hnl"
The poor young women passed from
of Youth in His Old Age.
the glandular and venous system, from
whence It i rarriorl nff hv h .Tnrn.
tlons of the body. When that mViscle Is
relaxed the action of the heart forces a
fresh supply of blood and tissue building
. ... .. .v.. .. - . ..
iiiiiu w mw muscie ido wun u mil
mvfflprlmi, rmtv,r lh vll.l nHMlnl.
hence growth
.. . . . . . - ...w. ... ....hil.
"Any muscle
so exercised, that is.
alternately contracted and relaxed, tn-
crosses ln size, strength and elasticity,
una any aujaceni Kiana or orican snares
In the improvement. This law applies
to all parts of the body. If every mus-
cle of the body is systematically cleared
nf dojirl r--ll inH nthnr HnrrrHnr, mall..
. - v"o'"
by this process, a general rejuvenation
results, and this Is the condition which
I have obtained. "
Never Too Old to Exercise.
For the encouragement of those who
feel they are too old to try. remember
that I did not commence these exnerl-
menis unui 1 nan reacneo me age or au
aml ,hilt 1 was,then Physically an old
man- My. ' n0t 0ne f Physical
Privation, hut rather of physical ac-
quisltlon; hereditary antecedents were
' """."T".".
. 'IT L:'".L""'
unravnrame ana irom cnnanooa
.,n r
".7 ..V..-. L . . . '
Option a the age of 4 iTn not of
"V 01!."J f ..i L "P. n?..
' ' r Zi,7 k'1 i m ll.l T
W8S promise inal I CO U 1(1 ever Ob-
tftl n the health mimcii I ir 1 1 v atronirth
1a Mast -itv at h,,dv whiAh T nnw
ana 'laBlH-llJ OI DUdy WniCH 1 DOW
nnswKs rpivwtinir that ih. ama a.,..
cess Is possible to anyone who will
faithfully and persistently practice the
methods.
"These alternate contractions and re-
laxations are really a kind of muscle
omBDi. Ferris wHh h- nTflm-i
i.a.-i ' if
" " -"v.oju nroicui-
at caiiy and persistenUy. they will call
nt? Bton, every larK Bf,usc,e of ,he
body, bringing to yiu the greatest riches
n i 'A . ... . .
- - " - iiiti.ii, rn.n.ii,iii
ana OOOliy eiSSUCItV Without PXDpnBP
7,t4h'?1' flertlow' nd unler more -
t ! , ,, . anyl'sT
"l i'"j"M-.i yci prefwnioa iu ine
worm. This is the secret of a lona life
and the only
possible fountain of
youth.' "
Mr. Bennett's case has attracted wide-
sprrttu Hiituiuon ana pnysicai culture
Suited him and made exhaustive studies
.. . . ....
fc,.v . . ....... ...u lummy nave
ot pis conauion. The editor of the
Physical Culture 'Magazine declares Mr.
Bennett's rejuvenation to be one of the
wqrld's. most remarkable examples of
an old man. beina made young again,
ImIuh rr crrvij. ,
'. . v r ' " ii(S iuci HQ ft I U W O
younger as the years come on, say the,
experts who have studied him.
Countries Have Observed the Beginning of the New Twelvemonth aa a
Holiday of foj. " I - -'.v ':';,vi
one wealthy house to another with their
ribbon bedecked wassail bowls asking
tnrougn sopg ror a portion oi wassau
or a contribution fif money. If their ef-
i " .tB...v......
carol ouickly changed to one less pleas-
inir .
Into the early part of the nineteenth
century wasaalllna- Drevalled in Scot-
ua ' Jnut M th rlock .truck 14 there
- - . " .
was a eeneral handsnaKlne in We scot-
: - , jT,... ,
many another engaging old festival ob-
servance. In .Edinburgh, when the good
old peopia came out. bands ot runians
met them with blows and robbed them,
- ,, .. ... . ..... ... '
waturauy mis violence aeau-oyea mo
Pleasure 01 WlSSUUng, BUO iruni turn
torn. i V
'Cnatera of "First Footine." '
"
fhe htnnlnir of tha vea, The on
Te'Trought good'Tuck ttrJ U
n0Tv vAjir
. . .
"Thu vnunar man who could meet a
"Th
'n
nnarminir iirHi-iuuier uv liio uwi
not only given the privilege ot
... -
kisslns her. but the good luck she
brought him would win him a bride
' .1. B.'w .r.l.
uon 01 aoornepper' wn juuvu
after by the laddies it was not without
its drawbacks, for more than likely, ln-
stead of moetlng his blushing Peggy,
ne was oDiigea 10 ieaa
grandmother ,r maiden aunt the butt
,., ,,,, ' ,. aaniii
Flrst-footlnar along with wassailing
received Its check in- Scotland in the
trouble of 1812.
Other Scottish Customs.
Nevertheless Scotland has other
pleasing customs of the day. One
savoring of the old wassail spirit Is
net, v. ,115 v. .. ...
the children's gathering of Hogmanay
ln the primitive and retired towns.
"It Is customary for the children of
the poorer classes," writes Chambers
. ,
i.cauaVrr n?nn y ' exJT
iouou ui uiit ueumnuu uui "
.h. ,h i,m.iv.i himv thom-
Belve8 for several days beforehand ln
preparing a sufficient .quantity of
caka''
Tha Rrnta rnnnnlt the Rlhla New
- -
tune for the following year. Before
breakfast they lay It on the table. Then
each person opens It at random and
places a ringer on one or tne cnapters
From this chapter he win. gain an idea
viii yin no u.n mm,
Good luck Is believed to follow the
lain ihlnfr In th WnrcAtrhlrA bor
der of Herefordshire, at 12, there Is a
rush for the "cream of the year,"
which is the first pltcherful ot water
taken out of the nearest spring, the
best of luck following the successful
one.
New Ycar' Eve in Germany.
in Clnrmanv Moor V.r'i P!vo nr fit
Sylvester's night, brings forth a curious
bit of rough play. If a person wears
a silk hat in the streets of Berlin on
. .., ... .
oi. oyiveBicr nigoi no mwns wun a
n.iaAf. wnAin
uu... " .........
"Hut ah," shouts the laughing crowd.
- - ' . o o
"Hut ab," he bears from every side.
."Remove , his hat! They are telling
him to remove his hatr What can they
mean f.-f ouraiy uiero io nuunng wroaK
with his hat!"
But they are coming toward him!
Now they strike him! "Hut ab. Hut
ph "-rpnlH th air nn hlnwa fall nnnn
-- - - -
his head.
In a moment, amid deafening cheers.
the top of his elegant hat files off and
the rest of It speedily encircles his
neck.
Then, enraged, bewildered and with
an ay.htncp hnarl tin flns tn tha nnllr
for protection and redress.
i ,u. - u
, 1 1 l V 1 '11 r 1 1 1 1 W i l oL TUU HilUUlU 1UI
.. a slik hat n tha sfrr.t on 8,
Sylves.er.8 Bhtr Is tl
to him In a tone lmplj
unpardonably Ignorant.
Thprpnnon with th. f
tho question put
plying that he Is
TherennoTi. with the fnnlinir of a. run-
... .... . .. . -'-.--
nmanaoa emm, ne can oniy steal away
to privately nurse his bruises and his
outraged soul.
Despite the roughness of this diver-
slon It seems to amuse every one save
the victims. No less a personage thar.
the emperor himself found delight In
lending a hand Incognito, even after
coming to the throne. But his pleasure
tn it had a sorry ending, when one
Now Year's eve he assaulted a most
rctnTin i nri ir t n et ina n morn twt w w n
mighty thud came the emperor's hand
I'.IIa ,rV.,"T,..'u-,r "
f"""". .V... .. " .l 011
laceraiea a conauion uiai it was neces-
sary to call a surgeon His victim.
"till smarting over past Indignities, had
fnrparmfid thP tnn nf hi. hi w th n
T
ifjt i.ni-ir -Mtin i fiiii ni u inpn wmi nnn
the nnlnli lumlnir unwa.,1
Since this experience It' is said that
the German omperor takes no Interest
in the demolition of the silk hat.
it was th vnr is.s thnt v. hih
to this peculiar custom. It originated
in h rlnrs nn st Rvinr.r'. Aa nf
that vear. when th iow-r riaasps tnnv
this way or displaying their hatred
lowarn uiose in niKn rana.
Happily, not all German New Year ob-
servances are fraught with such lndig-
nttles. If in walking the streets In the
Rheriish provinces one hears the greet-
Pm.H' T0'..ir.ha xHi., .k. i .
his ear. Hatov New Tear bv th rw
. . . ' . ... .' .
ear,' tiappy xsew i ear oy tne law,
the day he is. a captive and must pay?
ransom. A gift of some sort, a cigad
() L I
a rnnsom. A el ft of some sort, t r nr'
or'a bottle of champgne, he must be -
niL III IIVUIKO VS. v
stow on the one who has succeeded" la gathering up of my mind to a conosntra
creeping unon- him unawres anSbelng Won of all the lma that have dif
the first -to pronounce the magic words, "fuae over the past twelvemonth, all 1
Germany, In the writer's opinion, has Dl,ve don- or suffered, performed . of
one New Tear custom that is the most neglected, to that regrttted time. I he.
charming In all the world. . gin to know it i worth : when a frisnd
"The night of Oecemher Jlst Jfrom ' takes a personal color, nor was
time immemorial in Frankfort-on-the- It ttoVflUlM.;;tn;:.tl;.oi)!:mperry
Main," says one in describing itJJLJlnfB n exctttimetli '"';f' s
" the" city keep the festival, watching tn "'.' r3Bjfi'l.ii
old year out and tlie new jrear nx Fmy'W .'
try parties op gatherings of friends are Such feeling should lnd lodirrnent Sti
to be found In every house. Games, -l oor hearts and as the old yar tnjU
stories, music, and kindred diversions, and the new year enUrs wltn ill IM
with an honorable attention to eating glowing possibilities, wi huM ftrh
and drinking, serve to speed on the last to lnrrr;i the brtlllaacy Afthe u
hours of the dying year. . menu of the new. "
"Suddenly, at the exact momentwhen
from the great dome of the cathedral
uw nrm eiroK ti mianignt soonas its
warning, every house throws lda open
- . ,;
lean, all the dwellers In the town, '.old
and young together, each with class la '
nand-' Tn Klaa i raised on high, on
the.wwd, of the toast burst on the as-
tonw,, 01 ln one masslva
tone, horn Of mnrn than a v,i.r.,lr..1
' . .7 . . .
loousana voices, joined m th crv.
clamor, for a few brief . seconds, and
then it ceases. Before the last clang of
tne twelve nas melted into silence the
toast of the hour has been drunk, the
mlJ. W... V . . .t . V...t i"
,"m,; "y" "w11'"'. ousn .
.vuca uiiub uiuiv ver :,
10 secure a sugar uncle." or "sugar
"""S . .V"""
ntnw tVmmw tA. i a t . .
ThTs Ug' door
ann RnAn th lrpw on .4 iik .t...i. . s.
r . auv. ' . 1 1 BUVUW WL
trlumps. Inform the Drlsoner that h
win iiul nn i rtn iinrti riA Qtrrtmu a M !'
w n . w j ; 1
the ransom they demand. Woe to him '
, if he values their commands llhtlv
he la In the hands of merciless brigands! '
v. ""LI"' . .P m.ln.e wew .
xi uuoervnni.es oi me rural aistncts
of Russia. At daybreak the adults are
awakened by a shower of wheat or ;
dried peas, pis Is the children's mis- ,
J " "avng risen very cany,
Jt pu
entered house after hou. th
doors of which are never locked hurl.
Ing the dried peas at their enemies, and
Rprinkling the wheat gently over their
friends.
After breakfast it is the duty of tha
peasants to pay their New Tear's greet
ing to their lord, and they have a pe
culiar way of doing It. The villagers
f,a(j their
decked wltb
the 'home o
ftn(J hl fa
u-aa inmr narmsomest horn mm
evergreens and berries, to
of the nobleman. Tha lnnt :
and! all Indoors; and toeildlSl of hta
" ' " " v. . nai ILI1U WM If n
to see it transformed to wina.on the
stroke of the hmir trnh ....
. i 1 lu" uuur- cacn year renews"
thi. . . . .
iJiiiwiiuaiKii noi in itussia ainn
but in parts of Germany as well, the
peasantry firmly believing that lie on
ly requisite for a repetition of the mir
acle of the feast of Cana of Galilee Is
a sufficient degree of faith.
ThA Pniuinn. Am, n4 . ,w. ... a . . ..
of the yaar t0 calling a Dleaaure In
whch even tne chUdm; BhJL uro "
china and Japan also preserve this
anclent custorn.
Delightful Custom in Disuse.
ii regreixaoie that .New Year call!
have fallen Into disfavor throughout
our own country. Calling on New Year's
"8el to be the distinctive featura of tha
dav m parts of America, particularly
,n New York city,, where it originated
among the Dutch. It was discontinued,
however, ln about the middle of the
","1JJU,& wf? ,6w
.M ZT rn-uiu uiq uaiameq
jum ?t of ttorrinnVZTii?0
nousFe and reaooear in a miiTi i
,-, " . m'racuiousry
"'" iiiB whb a noisv ann
hilarious greetine- a elan nf wtn.
.... R 1 Win WSS1
Rwalnur.r1 rtiml&Jlu .... i . t
, 7a hT Ti?'' ILir??'?"
.... .... , .,. ..'
next nouse. Then. too. mora irnni
wa ,n wtlJch fiai upetarts. d. 1
tho
.v,.. , ... , , .
all wouU InfS nnnTh., k Tf
a.',. " ul' Z."F' uospiTAliiy.
' . thn 1 h.,M i" .
"uoc. laH malum BQOUia ale OUl 1ft
America.
xt.. v .,.-- ri. t?
lcw xear 7 frtnce.
New Year's In France is the gayest
festival of the year and its principal
charm lies In the way in which it ta
mil If a famllv rtav Ih. arnmA amlarf .
vading France that America has, in her
x- . . . . ..
..'T. UIKJAIIU I t 1 HJ. U I V 1 II IT nn V Oil.
imr and exchanfflno- rnt.
prominent features of the French New
Year. Throughout the day merry crowds
iui tne nouses and streets of Paris
enrwhp.n Trvwrrtt. rurhum Ih. Mn.
.... .. . . v "
est nuarity in tne Latin quarter, where
the students dine sumptuously in tha
restaurants, and sing and dance. In the
poor section of the city the people have
little time for gaiety, for this is their
chief business day of the year, tbe one
day in Paris when beggars may beg to
their hearts' content, so with a merry
face and a happy heart tney1 leave their
homes early to fill every nook and cor-
ner of the gay city and reap their ' re
n. aw
In most ef the southern countries
?ew 1!ar.8 tne Tnncw n making
u oay ana lrie unnstmas tree is then more
ln evidence than a week earlier
In the Foreien Courts,
-n we rorogn wura.
i i -vt . . . .
-r - w wn
nuruuMn UVUTIU, la IDB mnrn.
n dlvlnf service, and before the
,",,7 uau" receive
" B ""'"w" anu'i :
aignuaries. &o interminabio seemed
recepuon to the child ruler of Spalo
a few years ago, that his mother some
times had the greatest difficulty In pr
CTll,"a "uu r:M5vn. ino muooi
v "'o . .....
neBO an.oa8sao.or, ur oesinaing tne great
?oM Mons ornamenting his throne,
th custom of ringing out the old
year and rlngiiig In the uew Charle
Lamb tells' us that no one can reaard
It with Indifference , "Of all toitnda .of
x oil holla ha mrifu
,v " .v.
oeUs." he writes, i'tnost solemn: and
touching ts the peal which rings out the
1 'd
I sever hear It without a
auni. a uiSR onlv Rwjimn ahMl h