THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING,'' JANUARY V, 1911.
. U '!
FLl'iSlFOS'ir
CONSIDERED
"BADLY MIXED"
Prophets See in Future About
What iThey; Are looking for
r-Strohg Demand for Bonds
, Predicted. ' ,
--By Preston -O-. -Adamite
rVnhltn'Mt: Jmmu tued WIre.Y
New. York, Dec. SI.. Almost any kind
?f ' a business prophet may find facts'
H whicb, , wll? bear u his forecast ot
Jirosperlty. pr tjje reverse for the year
lust beginning. For example .the man
who sees through : dark glasses hears
that the steel trust is running 75,000
men- short of Us capacity, that the
railroads are figuring on reducing wages
ill along , the line, and. these together
with other 'signs, portend gloom.
On the other hand, the optimist sees
the big railroad beginning to order tails
jiu ulnar supplies, no bvcb iwviu
breaking crops all along the line, with
the fanners getting good prices, busi
aes In necessities and even luxuries .
going along steadily and satisfactorily
and the outlook for 1911 seems Igood, to
him. . ,
One of 'the most encouragingJdevelop
menta is the broadening demand for
bonds. This movement may 'easily go
far both at home and abroad. Condi
tions would appear to be ripe. First of
all ' income yielded by high ' grade Is
sues is better than the return obtain
able by lending money on stock, ex
change collateral. Investors have held
aloof, for so long that they should now
be in a position to make extensive pur
chases. The fact that trade at home
has been declining and that there Is a
widespread aversion to embarking upon
new enterprises need, not limit the ab
sorption of bonds, but should mean the
release ot a vasi am mini oi caputu jom
investment It may he that the racefil
increase of nearly 100 per cent in trans-
uMftna An (lia AvnhnnffA morplv YM
IL. 1 . V. .. 1
uary dividend and interest disburse
ments, but there are solid grounds for
believing that the movement has" a
broader foundation.
Baying' Small Lots.
The odd lot buying now in progress
has stimulated nn agitation for bond
wwer uviiviuaiiuvii moil fivvv, . ito
United States. I no accustomed to deal
ing and talking In thousands and mil
lions that scant attention has been
naid tn .mull thinra or small ' lnva-
tors the "take care of the pennies I
motto has been applied In practice to I
the investment mark, But' several of;
our I'rtnclpar railroad , systems, have
learned from their experience in rais
ing money abroad that the small Inves
tor is not to be despised and the pros-
peels are that before long bonds 'for
$500 and even $100 will be freely used
In this country. There te do adequate
reason 'why all bond" financing shduld
be done by the $1000 denominations. In
the stock maitket the importance of the
-AX . I J I J1 V. -1 1 1 .
and nearly every well 'conducted stock
exchange firm now caters to this class
of customer. Why should not bond
houses do the same? The excuse that
a multiplicity of bonds for small
amounts would increase tha clerical
work entailed in handling new flota
tations Is not sufficient as the advan
tage of securing a wider distribution
of bonds throughout the country would
Toe attended by the most beneficial re
mits. Everybody Knows.
AH sorts of people have ways of their
own of telling how things are going in
Wall street The downtown barber
knows exactly when times are good and
when they' are bad from the amount of
patronage and the slsa. of the tips he
receives. The high class Jeweler be
lieves hie business Is an unerring ba
rometer, for It is well known that finan
cial people do not stint their expendi
tures for Jewelry when funds are plen
tiful, even though they may have to
scurry around to dispose of ; their pur
chases when depression comes along.
This week the clerk at a, soda water
counter, whoa trade comes chiefly from
curb brokers and their friends, com
plained with a shake of his head that
the curb was having a hard time of it
as he knew, to his cost; his sales he
declared, had fallen off to only half
what they should be at this season
and to only a quarter of what they
were In the summer months. Restaur-
. . j a i ,L. . .
. uvui aiao juugo oy uicir receipts
whether Wall street Is prosperous or
nnt When commissions and nroflta ant
plentiful the expensive places are
crowded, but when the reverse Is' tbe
case the lower priced eating houses get
the trade. . At present every one agrees
that tbe stock market game is scarce
ly paying the candle.
TJ, B. Church Hoids Convention.
(Steetal Dittdi to TA JonmL
pfeUomath, Or., Dec. tL The minis
terial convention of the First United
Brethren Church of Christ was held at
Tuesday. Officers were elected and &
constitution and by-brwa adopted. Fol
lowing are the newly elected off leers:
R. a KlndaL president; T. J. Cockinl,
first vice president; O. N. Clark, second
rice president; O. A. Marti, recording
and corresponding secretary; L. B. Bald-
win, towurarsr?Br, A. J Ware, theolog-
leal critic; Mrs. R. S. KlndaL literary
critic
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- vaoKB MABSHjgtii war
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
: OF THE YEAR JUST PASSED
(Continued frotn Page Six.)
went Into the light as a charaplon.ofthe
progressive -wing of his- party.
. Later In, the season Mr.; Roosevelt
went on en extended western tour, mak
ing many speeches and receiving great
ovations. At Cheyenne be attended the
frontier celebration. In Kansas he spoke
on broad national' policies, defining the
"new nationalism" and In Denver on the
problems , of land, forests and national
resources. At the conservation congress
which assembled la St Paul on Septem
ber 6 he spoke the day after President
Taf t had discussed the advantages and
disadvantages national and state con
trol of natural resources and. came out
flatfooted for federal, control,, a circum
stance that undoubtedly determined the
congress to adopt next day a platform
strongly favoring iiational controls
Mr. Roosevelt :wasawr fromNew
York city from August 23 to September
11 and visited many cities and towns
and spoke many times. Then be plunged
Into the thick of the Republican pre
conventlon muddle In his state, at the
convention won the temporary chairman
ship from Vice-President Sherman, who
had been selected fof that honor by the
"old guard" of the party, and the next
day, September 18, brought about the
nomination of Henry -1 Stlmson ' for
governor, -j-y '-. .;
In October Mr. Roosevelt1 made sffll
another tour, going first to Tennessee,
where -.he Visited the Annalachlan ex
position at Knoxville, and afterward he
"Poke at Memphis and elsewhere. In
worgia ne received ovations at Auanva
and Rome, made speeches . in crossing
Alabama and Mississippi and en October
10 addressed a big crowd at Hot Springs,
Ark. In St Louis he favored the deep
waterway from the lakes to the gulf
project. There, also, he took a brief
flight' in an aeroplane. Three days later
he arrived in Indiana and made one
long address and several short ones in
behalf of his friend, Senator .Beverldge.
On October 14. Mr. Roosevelt entered
upon active campaign work In his own
state. In this he continued, with a brief
Incursion Into New England and another
into Iowa, Indiana and Ohio, up to the
eve of election.
A Bad Tear for Political Corruption! sta,
The year had its full share of graft
exposures, three attracting otmtrj wide
attention..
. . In January charges of - bribery- were
made against Jotham P. A lids, the new
ly elected leader of the New York sen
ate. After an investigation lasting near.
Jy two months the senate sustained the
charges by a vote of forty to nine. Just
before the vote was taken AJIds resigned
from the senate and Benn Conger, the
member of the senate who had helped
t0 brlbe Alld8 reg, 8h0rtly after.
In January, also, a prominent city of
ficial a( Pittsburg and four leading
busln jss men of that city were arrest-
charged with conspiracy and bribery
on March 21, 40 present and former
members of the Pittsburg councils were
Rioted for bribery and ten others con
was offered to them. On the following
day, nine more former councilmen con
fessed to bribe taking while In office.
On March 25 the Investigation resulted
in '31 new indictments, and Involved
six banks, charged with brlbine coun-
Cllrrien to make them depositories of
city funds.
jOn the last day of April came the
most spnsational bribery charges of the
year, when a Democratic member of the
Illinois legislature confessed that he had
received $1000 from his party leader to
vote for the successful Republican can
didate for United States senator, William
F. Lorimer. On May 6 the Democratic
leader of the Illinois house of represent
atives and three others were indicted in
Chicago, In connection with the bribery
charges, the leader later being acquit
ted. On May 28, D: W. Holstlaw, a Dem
ocratic member of the Illinois senate,
confessed before the grand Jury that he
had been paid $3200 for voting for Lor-
lmer. The state was also stirred by the
revelations relating to the existence for
years of a corrupt legislative fund
known as the "Jack pot" all graft
money going lpto a "pot" and being di
vided among corrupt legislators at the
end of each session. In the summer a
United States senate committee began
an Investigation of the charges that
Senator Lorimer had, been improperly
elected, and In December a subcommittee
reported that it had found no evidence
connecting Senator Lorimer with the
charge that he had been Improperly
elected.
Late in July Senator Thomas P. Gore
of Oklahoma charged openly in the sen
ate that a bribe had been offered to
him to. withdraw his opposition to con
tracts made with Indians of the Choc
taw and Chickasaw tribes for the sale
of coal and asphalt lands valued at $30,
000,000. . The congressional investigation
committee cleared Vice-President Sher
man and. Senator Curtis of Kansas of
any Improper connection with the af
fair. Other Important Events.
The proposed Sixteenth amendment,
conferring to the federal government
the power to Impose and ooUeet an in
come tax without apportionment among
the state according to population, at
traicted considerable attention through
out the year. It has already been given
a place in the platforms of both parties
in Ohio, Maine, Iowa, New Hampshire,
Indiana, Wisconsin, Montana, Kansas,
Idaho. Nevada, North Dakota and Colo
rado. The Republicans of California
and Utah have come out -to favor of It
and . the Democrats of Connecticut Minnesota,-
Pennsylvania, Massachusetts,
Nebraska, Rhode Island, Vermont and
Tflnnnflcoii haws iinna Ills n ! fm...
ia,atures of mooUlt Georgia, Alabama,
Maryland, South Carolina. Oklahoma and
Mississippi have ratified the amend'
ment since Its submission a year ago.
On July 12, with impressive ceremo
nies, the fourth Pan-American confer
ence was organized for business at
Buenos Aires, The conference was in ses-
... ' v " B,on or week and the principal re-h2ifC-
"ult of 018 deliberations was the unan-
voh hv I 'i tmous agreement to submit to arbitra-
tton all money claims that cannot be
settled by amicable diplomacy. It was
agreed also that the question of. the
extension of the Monroe doctrine should
not be brought up for open discussion
for fear European nations might be of
fended. ) Early In September the Eocnarlstio
congress of the Roman Catholic church
was held at Montreal, one of its fee.-
ISSH T?f.i0 ?'."f' ?
ST r" "l lUB wnmuiu
wbo represented the Vatican at Mon
treal, proceeded to New. York city' and
assisted In the consecration of St Pat
rick's "cathedral, the largest and most
beautiful Gothic structure in America.
The first general election in, the new
united South Africa nation was held on
September 15. There were no national
issues at stake, the platforms of both
parties, the Nationalists-!' the W
ioniHtB, being almost, identical. ;v
In tiio thrlllin race ran Ortnhw i
the Vanderbllt trophy was won by an
TAmoncanTar, - wmcrr mMntsTtiea tertit
roues an average speed greater than was
ever before recorded On this course; 'All
of the first six cars out : of the field
of thirty-four were American stock, ou-
7
tomohlles.' ,
' The benefactions
Of the year have
been numerous. ' On October 17, coinci
dent with the opening of the new hospi
tal at trie ttocKsieiier institute for Med
ical Research, announcement was made
of an additional gift Of- 13.820,000 by Mr.
Rockefeller. Under: the will of Gold win
Smith,' 1689,000 was bequeathed uncon
ditionally to Cornell University. " By the
will of Isaac C Wyman of SalemMasa.,
Princeton university came into posses
sion of over 13,000,000 for its proposed
graduate school. The will of Henry
Dexter distributed $1,209,200 to charita
ble Institutions in New York. JohnW.
Gates pledged $250,000 toward the es
tablishment of a-'i university at Port
Arthur,! Texas. ' Howard M. Hanna, of
Cleveland,- Ohio, gave $250,000 to the
medical department of Western Reserve
university, David K. Rankin, Jr., gate
over 13,000,000 to the School of Mechan-IcsJ'-Trstlee
- In - 86- Lulsr-whkB-4 he
founded. ' Mrs. FI H. Harrtman rav
a large tract -of land and $1,000,000 to
River park project of the late railroad
magnate; while Andrew Carnegie in
creased Ms gifts to the Carnegie Insti
tute by a matter. of $3,600,000.
C The biggest, of , the . benefactions was
Andrew Carnegie's perpetual foundation
for the promotion of world peace. This
gift of $10,000,000 was announoed in
December and the self -perpetuating
board of trustees of the fund Is to spend
the Income from it in any way It deems
best in the interests of the object of
the foundation.
Tears Beoord In the Air.
. Beginning Januar' 10, the first im
portant aviation meet to be held In
America oocurred in Los Angeles, Cal.
Glenh CurtlBS, the American sky man,
made a new world's record of 65 miles
an hour, with a passenger.
On April 27 Paulhan flew from Lon
don to Manchester in a Farman biplane,
winning the $50,000 which had been of
fered fon three years by the , London
Mall to the aviator who should accomp
lish the feat Jn April, at Nice, 60
mile flight out Xtt' sea was made by
ROUS, an Englishman. May 29 Glenn
Curtlsa won the $10,000 prise offered
by the New York World for a flight
between Albany and New York, his time
being three hours and 32 minutes.
Charles K. Hamilton was the American
hero of aviation for tbe month of June,
making the round trip -from New York
to Philadelphia a distance of 172 miles
In three hours and 29 minutes.
Earlier in the month Rolls flew across
the Bnglish channel and back without
stopping, and also in June the first
regular aerial passenger service was
inaugurated by ;ount Zeppelin, when
in a dirigible balloon he carried Vi
passengers and a crew from Friedrich
sbafen to Dusseldorf, Germany.,
In August James Radley, an English
man, covered a mile In a monoplane in
47 2-6 seconds. Le Blanc won the first
cross country race , for aeroplanes a
contest of 485 miles around Paris; and
on the 18th Molsant, an American, won
the distinction of being the first avia
tor, to. oarry. a, passenger across the
English channel. A few days la! er
Louis Breget, at Lisle, took up flvo
passengers in his aeroplane, carrying
a total weight of 921.
. September 23d Chaves, a Peruvian,
crossed the Alps at the Simp Ion pass,
at a height of 7000 feet, but while
descending on the -Italian ldo was
fatally Injured. In October the dirigible I
balloon Clement-Bayard, with seven I
passengers, flew from. Paris to London,!
and the same month Walter Wellmia 1
made his futile attempt to sail In a j
dirigible from Atlantic City to Europe.
He was picked up in distress 450 miles j
off Cape Hatteras. ,(
The international aviation meet was i
held at Belmont Park. New Yo r e econ" .7-, ,
latter part of October. Claude G.4Peak formerly United States minister
hame-Whlte won the classic event of I V Switzerland; Caspar - S. Crowninshleld,
tbe air, the James Gordon Bennett cup
race, his time for the 62.1 miles being
61 minutes and 14 seconds. The $10,000
prlxe race to and from the Statue of
Liberty, 34Snlles, was won by Moisant
Amerlcan,!n 34 minutes, 88.84 seconds,
beating Grahame-Whlte's time by 42
seconds. A new altitude record was es
tablished by Ralph Johnstone, In a
Wright biplane his distance being
9714 .feet
In November a Wright biplane carried
a cargo -of silk from Dayton to Colum
bus, Ohio, a distance of 65 miles, in
66 minutes.- The same mpnth En gene B.
Ely, in a biplane, flew five miles to
shore from the deck of the scout cruiser
Birmingham, In Hampton Roads.
Tne Tear's Disasters.
From, the standpoint of human lives
sacrificed, the disaster preeminent was
the cholera epidemic which made its ap
pearance in southern Russia in the early
summer. All told, the Russian victims
numbered more than one hundred thous
and. The epidemic spread both east and
west traveling as far west as southern
Italy and the Madeira islands and being
particularly- virulent In Naples. Turkey
also suffered heavily.
From the spectacular standpoint, and
also the money loss Involved, the Paris
flood was easily the year's leading dis
aster. Paris has been rather a fre
quent sufferer from floods In the past
Hilt Tint 4nfA ft,A W1 1 n n 4 rv A , V, a
B-wmtnth ntXv ha- it
undatlon as destructive as that which
began on January 25, and lasted a week.
The waters of the Seine overflowed the
banks everywhere In the city, until more
than a fifth of the city was submerged
and 11 activities and those of the na
tion were greatly curtailed. At one time
a number of' the historic structures of
the city were so submerged that aecess
to them was possible only by means of
boats. These Included !Notrs Dame, the
Church of the Madeleine and the St
Laznrre railway station. The loss of
property was Immense, exceeding $260,
000,000. January 13, 30 persons lost their lives
by the wreck of the Southern Pacific
steamer Czarina off Marshfleld, Oregon.
On the last day of the month 76 miners
lost their lives following an explosion of
fire damp in a coal mine at Primers,
Colo. On February 11 the French
steamer General Chanxy foundered off
Minorca and only one of her 159 pas
-w... .. ...
sengers was saved.
j v 9 iv ,i
'V?r:"ZI
" J w VS. LRU 9 I XT SI a
ZTfrSV ?y. atf5lmlhe at SUrkvlll.e, Col. October
British Columbia. In the latter bart of
the same month 47 were killed
in tnV
wreck of a railroad' train on the Rock
Island near Green. Modn tain, la., and
the same month S00 were killed' by a
Tire lna dance hall in Hungary. May 6
70 miners were killed in a mine explo
sion at Birmingham, 'Ala.; a few days
later an explosion of 3000" pounds of
dynamite at Plnar del Rio, Cuba, killed
160 soldiers; and more than 2000. lives
and an Immense amount of property
were lost In a,' series of destructive
earthquake shocks that occurred in
Costs, Rica. ; ;
In June more than (00 were drowned
In Hungary- by cloudbursts. July 12 a
fire destroyed the towns of Campbellton
and Ricnarasviiie in New Brunswick,
in August i destructive . forest fires
raged ovr 100,000 ftcrea in Montana and
Idaho. More than ldOO lives 'were lost
and 100,000 mnde homeless by extensive
floods irt Ja?an. Fire! destroyed' the
' French, EngUsh and Belgian sections of
SAD INROADS MADE BY DEATH IN 1910
IN RANKS OFWORLD'S GREAT WORKERS
New York, Dec. SL The jharvest of
death, the- inexorable reaper, has , been
distressingly plentiful during the year
ending today. With utter impartiality
he has laid low his victims, without tin
least regard 4 or their rank or station,
their Importance or usefulness In -life,
without discrimination he , has, levied
grim trlbu.t from high arid low; leav
ing It' to the survivors to mourn over
the1 iossetj which they suffered Indi
vidually or as integrals, of humanity as
a whole; --. .' :r ;-':;.;';
. Boyalty and . sToWlity..
The ranksof royalty .were Invaded by
death uurlng the year Just ending, chief
among the victims being King Edward
VII of England. Other, less distin
guished, members of royal families, who
died during, the year were Princess Feor
dOfap youngest slatef-of " the German
empress: the Duke D'Aleneon, grandson
of King Louis v Philippe, and Prince
of England,
. Among the members of nobility who
Joined their ancestors were Conot Goetz
von Seckendorff. at one time: grand
master of the: German court; Marquis
de Massa, secretary to Napoleon III;
the Duke of Veragua, a direct descend
ant of Columbus; William Grey, Earl
of Stamford and Victor,' Prince d'Ess
llng. Beads of CtorenunSBts.
Heads of governments were not
spared by death during the year 1910.
One of the earliest victims was Jose
Domingo de Obaldla, president of Pan
ama. The next to Join the silent ma
jority was Nord Alexis, formerly presi
dent of Haiti Chile suffered a double
loss by death of its president Pedro
Montt and that of Ellas Fernandez Al
bano. Its acting president, only a few
months later. .One of the victims of
death among the rulers on the eastern
hemisphere was Arad-el-Mulk. the re
gent of Persia, another was Said Mo
hammed itakhlm Bahadur, Khan of
Khiva.
Statesmen and High Officials.
M4ny nations mourn the loss during
the yfar of distinguished statesmen and
high government' officials. The United
States lost - John G. Carlisle, former
speaker of the house of representatives;
United States, senator from Kentucky
and secretary of the treasury under
Cleveland, and Charles H. Treat forr
mer treasurer of the United States;
also Henry Martyn Hoyt, counsellor for
the department of state. Germany de
plores the loss of Count Udo von Stol-berg-Wernlgerode,
president of the
relchstag; England of J. Poyntz Spen
cer, Earl Spencer, formerly a distin
guished member of the Gladstone cafcl
net; Japan that of Viscount Arasuke
Sone, the great statesman; Russia of
Serge- Andrelevlch Moirromtsev, the
first president of the douma. The list
also includes Ignaclo Mariscal, for 30
years head of the Mexican department
of foreign affairs; Caesar Botja, a dis
tinguished statesman of Ecuador, and
Boutrps . Pasha Ghalt, the Egyptian
premier, who was assassinated.
Departed Diplomats.
Unusually large Is the, number of
deaths which occurred among the active
or former diplomatic representatives of
nations. -The list Includes, In chrono
logical order, Joaquin Nabuco, Brazil
ian ambassador to the United States;
William F. Draper, formerly American
ambassador to Italy-; John A. Kasnon,
formerly United States minister to Aus
tria and Germany; Edward II. Terrell,
formerly United States minister to Bel
glum; Ove Gude, Norwegian minister to
the United States; Alexander J. Nelid
off, the Russian, diplomat and president
American consul at Naples; Lambert
i 1Tpe; rormony m.n.ier xv ubh ana
"snum; om.ngorHna, in nnean
! diplomat; Prince Francis Hatzfelt, at
"ne tlme QBrrna" ambassador to Eng-
land, and Kenor Don Anlbal Cruz, envoy
extraordinary and minister plenipoten
tiary from Chile.
Pormer Governors.
During the year just ending not a
single state in the union lost its gov
ernor by. death, But among the former
governors death reaped a rich harvest,
the list including the following ex-governors:
George T. Werts of New jer
sey, Robert Lowry of Mississippi. John
L. Beverldge of Illinois, John II. Mlekry
of Nebraska, John H. McGraw of Wash
ington, William C. Oates of Alabama,
Napoleon Bonaparte Broward of Flor
ida, W. E. Stanley of Kansas and Allen
D. Candler of Georgia.
Congressmen.
The ranks of United .States senators
and ex-senators and of active and for
mer representatives In congress wore
thinnod to a considerable extent. The
list comprised Senators Thomas C. Piatt
of New York, Samuel Douglas McEnery
of Louisiana, John W. Daniel of Vir
ginia, Jonathan P. Dolllver of Iowa find
Alexander Stepjiens Clay of Georgia,"
and ex-Senators Georgo H. Williams,
who was attorney general during Grant'M
second term; Thomas P. Turley of Ten
nessee, Wilkinson Call of Florida, Rufus
! Blodgett 'of Jersey, and David B.
Hill, ex-governor of New York. Also
Congressmen James W. Griggs of Geor
gia, William C. Loverin? of Massachu
setts, James Breck Perkins of Now
York. Samuel L. Gilniore of Louisiana,
Charles Q. Tirrell of Massachusetts,
William W. Foulkrod and Joel Cook,
both of Pennsylvania; ex-Congressmen
William Baker of Kansas, Louis E. At
kinson of Pennsylvania, .Warren O. Ar
nold of Rhode Island, Jesse Overstreet
of Indiana, Frank C. Wachter of Mary
land, Wharton Green of North Caro
lina; Franklin Bound of Pennsylvania,
General Adoniram J. Warner of Ohio,
James Clark McGrew of West Virginia,
the Brussels exposition, with (S loss of
$10,000,000. September 21, 42 persons
were killed in a headon collision between
two lntemrban cars at Klngsland, Ind.
October 1 the plant of the Los Angeles
Times was blown up with dynamite;
the dead numbered 2L The same flay
23 members of. the battleship ." New
i nmnpniiiM
21? "rjv? ln. . '"I
Hudson river, off New York city, by the
' f - - 4 V. A
fn a
9-10,
a forest fire -In northern - Minnesota
completely destroyed six towns, killed
400 persons, and left 5000 homeless. The
forest service estimates that the area
burned over by 1910's fires in the na
tional forests of Montana and Idaho
exceed 1,250,000 acres.
November ?6, 24 lives were lost In, an
underwear factory fire In 'Newark. N? J.
December 17 an island In the center of
Oof an go, -off . Salvador, ' slid into the
depths of the lagoon, carrytng with It
ihe entire population, numbering over
200; ; ,p. .: ' " V ,
Christmas week was marred with nu
merous fire horrors. On December 19,
13 persons lost their lives ahd 114 were
Injured in an explosion that wrecked a
new power. plant of the New York Cen
tral at New York. On December 21.. a
4 fire - Philadelphia-. U4tbee. warn hou
cost 14 lives. On the same day an ex
ploslon In the Hulton . colliery, England,
killed 341 miners. ' On December 22, 24
firemen, and policemen lost their lives
, In a fire in the Nelson Morriii iweklns
house, CWcago.
Francis' H. Wilson of New York and
Simon P. Wolverton of Pennsylvania.
.. Political Leaders. - ' -Among
the political' leaders removed
by death during the yeafr were James
O'Connor, M. P ' the Irish Nationalist:
Charles McArthur,' M. P:., .prominent
unionist member from Liverpool; John
W. Breldenthat, formerly leader of the
Kansas. Populists; Benjamin Hanford,
the Socialist leader; Wesley R. An
drews, chairman of the Republican
state committee of Pennsylvania; Sim
eon Brownell, the noted abolitionist
and prohlbHfonlst; Horace A. Taylor,
formerly a prominent political leader In
Wisconsin; General Charles R. Brayton,
the "Republlcanoss;'. of Rhode Island;
Adolphe, Defarge, member of the French
sonate and a'dvocate of free education,
and Mrs. Anna Josephine. Savage, writer
and agitator for woman's suffrage.
Xn the Army and Wavy.
Among the distinguished army, offi
cers who answered the last cali were
Major-Genefal Daniel H. Rucker, vett
eran of the Mexican and Civil wars;
Newton M. Curtis, St. Clair A. MulhoJ
land and Wesley Merrltt, all on the re
tired list of the United States army;
Major General Samuel Gibbs French, of
the Confederate army; General Edward
P. Alexander,, the noted Confederate
soldier atjd 'Writer; General J. P. S
Gobln, feifmer commander of the Grand
Army ofhe Republic; Lieutenant Colo
nel Edmond G. Fechet, U. S. A., retired;
the noted Indian fighter, and Sir Will
iam F. Butler, of the British army.
The naval service deplores the loss
of Rear 'Admirals Nehemlah M. Dyer
James Entwistle, Philip Hichborn. Bow
man H. McCalla, Thomas H. Looker,
James A. Hawke, Walter K. Scdfleld
Charles R. "Roelker and John J. Read,
all on the retired list of. the United
States navy; Admiral Sir Harry Holds
worth Rawson, formerly governor of
Now South Wales, and Vice Admiral
Juan Wllllajna, the "Father of the Chl-
The Churches' XiOtses. .
The church lost many distinguished
representatives during the year," among
them Cardinal Satolll. first apostolic
delegate to the United States: Cardinal
Sanminlatelll; Bishops Cyrus D. Fosa
and Henry Wi Spellmeyer, of the Meth
odist Episcopal church; John Dowden,
Episcopal bishop of Edinburgh; Edward
King, bishop of Lincoln, England; Will
iam Nellson McVlckar, P. E. bishop of
Rhode Island; Bishop Edward J. Dunne
of Dallas, Texas; Most Rev. William
Dalrymple Mac lagan, , formerly arch
bishop of York; Bishop John Wesley
Smith, of the African Methodist Epis
copal Zion church; Rev. Henry Harris
Jessnp, 53 years Presbyterian mission
ary In Syria; Rev. Edward P. Ham
mond, the evangelist; Rev. Dr. Jerome
D. Davis, 40 years ' American mission
ary in Japan, and Rev. Annls Ford
Eastman the first woman ever or
dained minister of the Congregatlonal
lst church.
From United States Supreme Court
The supreme court of the United'
States lost two of Its most distinguished
members. Chief Justice Melville Weston
Fuller, and Associate Justice avld Jo
siah Brewer. Among the Judges of the
supreme courts of different states who
were removed by death during the year
were Charles H. Truax, Edward Patter
son, Edgar U Fursman, Charles Dono
hue, former Justices of the New York
supreme court; ex-Judge James B. Shep
ard, North Carolina, ex-Judge John
Lathrop, Massachusetts; James D. Fox,
chief Justice of the Missouri supreme
court; Judge Albert a Thompson of the
United States district court at Cincin
nati. The bar lost Henri Barboux, the
eminent French law yer; Sidney Webster,
an authority on International law; Mor
ris J. Cochran, an authority on mining
law; Edwin Walker, the Dean of the
Chicago bar; Major Richard M. Venable,
the noted Maryland lawyer and Lloyd
W. Bowers, solicitor general of the
United States,
Scientists Removed.
Science lost many noted scholars and
Investigators, among them Dr. Robert
Koch, the famous German bacteriologist;
Professor Giovanni V. Schlaparelll, ' the
astronomer who first observed the ca
nals on. Mars; Johann Gottfried Galle,
the German astronomer, who first ob
served the planet Neptune; Paolo Man
tegaz::a, the Italian anthropologist; Pro
fessor Ernst van Leyden, the German
cancer specialist; Alexander Agassiz,
the noted American scientist and mining
engineer; Professor Cyrus Thomas, the
great authority on North American In
dians; Hormuzd Rassam, the Assyriolo
gist; Dr. Harry W. Jayne, authority on
coal tar products; Dr. William M. Gray,
x-ray specialist; Dr. Blgelow T. Sun
born, expert on brain diseases; Edward
B. Garriptt, meteorologist; Sir William
Hugglns, the English astronomer;
Charles Stanlnland Wako, anthropolog
ist; Dr. Charles Fan 1 berg, German
chemist; William E. D. Scott, ornithol
ogist; Rudolf Chrohak. the Vienna
gynecologist; Dr. Henry Wurtz, the
noted chemist and metallurgust and
Uriah Cummlngs, the authority on ce
ment and concrete
Distinguished Educators.
The cause of education has suffered
great losses by the death of a large
number of distinguished educators,
among fhem being Professor William
James of Harvard, the philosopher and
psychologist; Professor James Barr
Ames, dean of the Harvard Law school;
Professor Knmin l y. Sanford. formerly
of Yale; William Bradley Rising, emeri
tus professor of chemistry University of
California; Ir. Edward 1 1. Merrell, for
merly president of Rliion college, Wis
consin; Dr. Eben Alexander, former dean I
of the I 'Diversity of North Carolina;
Dr. Charles O. Day, formerly president
of Andover Theological seminary; Wil
liam Graham Sumner, professor of po
litical und social ncience, Yale: George
F. Barker, emeritus professor of physics,
University of Pennsylvania; Lucius W.
Hoyt. dean of thu law department Uni
versity of Denver; George Pierce Garri-
son, professor of nistory ynlverslty of
Texas; Samuel Koss Wlnann, professor
professor of biology. University of Penn -
sylvanla; 1ewis A. Rhoades, professor
of Germanic languages and literature
Ohio State university, and Alexander L.
Nelson, more than 50 years professor of
mathematics Washington and Lee uni
versity; J. E. Matzke, professor of Ro
manic languages Stanford university;
Matthew Henry Puckham, president of
the University . of Vermont and Rev.
Sylvester F. Scovel, president of the
American branch of it,he International
Peace society, and fohuer president of
Wooster university, Ohio.
Literary Giants Gone.'
Many. noted authors have 'been si
lenced' by the hand of death 'during the
year. The places of seme oil them, like
(feunt Leo Tolstoy, ' ..Mark Twain,
Bjornstjerne Bjornson, Mrs, Julia Ward
Howe and Goldwln Smith, will be hard
to fill. The long list also' includes
James Hnnnay, the Canadian historian;
Dr. Wills De Hass, historian and arch
auoloirlstJU!ulaJ,'d?uard Rod', the
Froncl
n novelist; TTElev. E4ward"tTbl
- dn
Clark. ErvptologUt: Orville James Vic
tor. historian of the Civil war,period;
Viscount Marie Eugene de Vogue, au
thor and membjr of the French Acad
emy;' Myra " Kv.lly fM re.; Allan Mac-
naughton), " who Wrote such delightful
stories about the children, -In the New
York slums; Frederick James Fumivall,
the English Shakespeare scholar; Wil
liam J. Rolf e of Massachusetts also a
noted Shakespeare scholar; Leopold -De-lisle,"
the 'Veneh-Alstorian; Albert Vanr
dal, the French academician ' and his
torian;.' Mrs. Rebecca Harding Davis,
novelist; William Vaughn Moody; Rev;
Dr. Ludwlg Holmes of Chicago, writer
of Swedish sagas; James Frothingharo
Hunnewell, the Massachusetts histo
rian: Wilhelm Raabe, the German nov?
el 1st and Melville : Delancey Landon
("Ell Perkins"), author and lecturer.
Art, Btuskj and Stage.
The world of art was not spared by
the hand of the grim harvester and
mourns the loss of many noted men.
among them the painters, Sir' William
Qulller- OrchardsonFrans Skarblns,
William HoJman-Hunt," WlfisloW Ho
mer, Robert Walker Macbeth, John La
Farge, Professor Julius J. Exner. Henry
Hammond Gallison. Frank Fowler,
Henry Ulke and John Macallan; the
sculptors John Q. A. Ward. Emanuel
Fremiet, John Adams Acton and Lark In
Goldsmith Mead; Sir Francis Seymour
Haden, the noted English surgeon and
etcher; Melton Prior, the English war
artist; Edward Linley Sambourne, chief
cartoonist of "Punch"; Herbert Rail,,
ton, the English black' and white artist,
and Tom Browne, the English eomlc ar
tist The realm of music was despoiled by
the death of men like Bourgault Dncou
dray, the French composer and musical
historian: Charles Lenevaa, the French
composer; W.' Edward Relmendahl, mu
sical director and composer; David D.
Wood, the blind composer and organist;
Julian Edwards, the operatic composer;
Myron T. Whitney, the famous basso;
Charles Gllibert, the noted baritone, and
Giovanni Lampertl, ' the famous vocal
Instructor of Berlin.
The stage also felt the ruthless hand
of Invader Death and suffered deplor
able loss by the death of Joseph Kalna,
the famous German actor; Ezra Kendall,
the comedian; Nell Burgess, of "County
Fair" fame; Joseph E. Whlttng. the vet
eran actor; Clay Clement the actor and
piaywngnt; Mme. Vera K'ommissarr.
hevskaya. the Russian actress; Louis
James, the Shakespearean actor; Creston
Clark, the actor and dramatist; Jules
Kenard, the French dramatist; Herman
Vexln, the English actor; Captain Robert
Marshall, the English dramatist; John
B. Studley and Henry Lee. old time play
ers, and Edward J. Schwarts, the play
wright and critic.
Architects and Engineers.
Three distinguished architects were
among the dead of the year George
Altchison. R. A., the English architect;
Louis Jacob, the German architect, and
Rev. Thomas W. Sllloway, an expert In
ecclesiastical architecture,
mutiny mo nioui engineers wno aiea
during the year were Sir Edward Leader
Williams, the English authority on ca-'
nals; Sir Thomas Selbv Tancred. the I
Selby Tancred. the
English mining and railroad engineer:
Sir Clifton Robinson,' the English au-.
thorlty oh street railways; William
Her.ry Brown, formerly chief engineer
of the Pennsylvania railroad, and John
Sutcyiffe, the noted mining expert.
Inventors and Explorers.
Several noted Inventors were removed
by death, among them Thomas H. Dodge,
the inventor of the cylinder press; Pro-
feasor Amos Emerson Dolbear, inventor
of telegraph and telephone appliances;
Edward W. Very. Ordnance expert and
Inventor of night signals; Thomas B.
Jeffery, Inventor of the pneumatic tire;
Joseph Thomas, who Invented the hoop
skirt, and Willard 8. Whltmore, the ini
vendor of the papier mache process of
electrotyplng.
Only two noted exolorers died during
the year, Commodore William G. Hov
gaard, the Danish Arctic explorer, and
Dr. John Henry Haynes, the archaeolo
gist and explorer In Babylonia.
Great in Journalism.
Journalism deplores the loss of many
distinguished men, among them Sir.
George Newnes, the English publisher;
Sir William Agnew, founder of London
Punch; Arthur Fraser Walter, formerly
proprietor of the London Times; Rufus
N. Rhodes, editor of the Birmingham
News; Felix Tournachon, the brilliant
French Journalist: Robert W. Patter
son, editor of the Chicago Tribune;
Loula Klopsch, editor of the Christian
Herald; David A. Munro, many years
an editor of the North , American Re
view; William Dodsworth, editor and
publisher of the New York Journal of
Commerce; Page M. Baker,, managing
editor New Orleans Times-Democrat;
Henry O'Reilly Tucker, publisher Troy
Dally Press, and Harvey W. Scott, ed
itor of the Portland Oregonlan.
Financiers.
Among the great financiers who died
during the year were Richard Koch,
formerly president of the German
Relchsbank; Sir George Drummond,
president of the Bank of Montreal;
James T. Woodward, president of the
Hanover National Bank, New York;
William Sellgman. Charles' C. Dickin
son and J. Edward Simmons, New
York bankers; John Farson, Chicago,
and Major A. M. Brown of Pittsburg.
Men of Large Affairs.
Many great men of affairs were re
moved from the field of their activity,
iimon? thorn B. R. McAlpine, former
president of the Western Union Tele
graph company; Maurice Hutin, former
president of the French Panama Canal
company; 'Dudley Evans, president of
the Wells Fargo Express company;
Levi Candeo Weir, president Adams
Express company; Gustav Tietgens,
head of the Hamburg-American Steam-i
ship line; John H. Converse, president
I Baldwin Locomotive Works; James W.
van Uleave, ex-president of Manufac
turer 8' Association; Joseph S. " Harris,
formerly president of the Philadelphia
& Reading railroad; Henry . Dexter,
foikr of the .American News com
panyT Leslie D. Ward, , vice-president
of the Prudential; .Nicholas Monsarrat.
formerly president of the Hocking Val
ley railroad; Warren J. Purdi". former
presidont of the Rock Island railroad;
General Thomas T. Eckcrt. formerly
j graph company: Major John F. Han-
I sop, president of the Central of Georgia
railroad, and Thomas F. Walsh, the
Colorado mine owner,
PWlanthropistf ,
The list of philanthropists who died
during the year contains the names of
Darius Ogden Mills, Dr. Horace B. Sll
liman, Isaac Cbauncey Wyman. Robert
Treat Paine, Davtd Ranken, Jr.. Lady
Louisa de Rothschild and John S. Huy-
Peundwa and Others. - -
Some of the most famous dead of the
year are In the unclassified list, which
Includes, among others, Mrs. Mary Baker
Eddy, discoverer and founder of Christ
ian Science? FlorencelNlghtlngalej th
heroine of the Crimean war; Henri Dn
uant, founder of the International Red
Cross; Gustavus Moynler, president of
the International -committee of tlie' Red
Cross: Baron Robert Melyil tan Lyndon,
secret ar y vot the permanent court of af
bltration at the Hague;. Professor Hen,
hagen, member or the permanent
court of arbitration at the Hague; Dr,
Carl Lttrger, anti-semltio leader and
Mayor, of Vienna: Mrs. Flpra A. Darling,
founder of the Daughters of the A mer I-
10 BE Blu
III HIGHEST COU
4
A,
Corporation Tax Law ,to ;Be
"Killed or Kept Alive; Oil ajjd
Tobacco Cases, Involve llie
. . t ' . . - -1!
wnoie i rust uuesuon.
- -J', .rvv.a-'tf-:'
Washington, Dec. 31. Following (W'
holiday- recess the etipreme-eourt of tlw
united states wm reconvene xuesoay
for what promises to be one of the mt
Important sessions In the entire 1rts
toryof that Body". - J ' .
Owing to the deaths of Chief Justice
Fuller and Associate Justice Brewer .
Aiooay, wnicn necessnsiea ni uir
ment from the bench, virtually all of
the important cases argued during the
past year nerore tne nignest inounav
must be reargued before-.theyjare ,,de-""
Clded. ! , C:'iSy
When the court convenes next, week
it Will be the first time in over a year
that It has met with a full bench. The
court will be composed of Edward JD.
White, the new chief . lustice, ana ah-
sociate Justices Harlan, McKenha,'
Holmes. Day, Lurton, Hughes, Van De- -vanter
and Lamar.
Corporation Tax Tint. ', 5 .
There are about thirty Important cases
heard at the last term which are on . ."
the docket for reargument. Many of t,
the cases will be heard at the same
time. The fifteen Involving the consti
tutionality of the corporation tax were
heard as one case and, doubtless will
be so presented at the next bearing.
The corporation tax cases are set -for
argument next Tuesday. These
cases were brought to determine the
legality of the new tax, which la bring-
lng In revenue at the rate Of $25,000.-1
000 a year. The law went Into effect
June. 30 of this year. Should the su-v
the tax not constitutional, the money s
already collected must be refunded. . t
Standard Oil and Tobacco, -Of
equal Importance with the cor
poration tax cases are the suits brought
by the government for the. dissolution
of the Standard Oil company and the
so called tobacco trust These also
are on the docket for reargument next
Tuesday.
These two cases involve substantially :
. .,. ..,,, ,.,,,,
.0LtX
l ""h" ' , i' 1" VvVt
0 toe Sh"man ."nH:trUfi.taw;.;X
Wiry H'V Ul CtlCDiy BI1AO. - IMUTTVU,
it ' is said that In some ' particulars
they are so dissimilar that the court
might find In favor of the government
in one case, and against it. In the oth
er. Tbe two cases are alike In -that they -are
proceedings In equity to enjoin aK :'
leged violations of the law of the. land
neither Is In Its essence a criminal;:
action. In both suits the - charges
pressed are those alleging unlawful
combination and conspiracy in restraint
of Interstate trade and commerce, -and
continuing monopoly or attempted- mon :
opoly, of important 'elements in Inter- ?
state commerce.'
Orouads of Attack,' -The
Standard Oil company of New
Jersey is attacked as a "holding com
pany," while the American' Tobacco '
company is alleged to be' both a hold
ing and an operating company: Another
difference between the two cases lies
In the fact that the Standard Oil com- '
pany fs charged with offense against
the 8herman - law alone;, the tobacco
corporations are charged with offend
ing also the Wilson tariff act of 1894,
which , extended the application of the
anti-trust law to any conspiracy in re
straint of trade one party to which was
an importer. y -
As a result of the hearing of the two
eases in the circuit courts other , dlf-1
ferences were either made or ! becamel.
apparent. Jn the tobacco suit the low
er court did not find sufficient evidence
to hold that there was a monopoly in
t th trade ,n question,' although it did
hold that there was a combination In
restraint of trade. In the Standard Oil
case, the court was unanimous in find-,
ing that ihere was an illegal monopoly.
In addition to there, being a conspira
cy. tabor Oases and Others.
A number of other' Important cases
are to be reargued, in addition to the
corporation tax cases and the anti
trust suits. The boycott and contempt
cases arising out of the injunction pro
ceedings in the District of Columbia
against the American Federation of .;
Labor have .been assigned for hearing
on January 16. - Two other cases ' of
Importance are those Involving the ques
tion whether the penalties for violat
ing the twenty-eight-hour law for the
transportation of livestock shall, be de.
termined by the Individual shipments,
or by the train. .Two more cases ttt-s
volve the validity of indictments for
grazing sheep on forest reservations -without
the permission of the govern-,
ment two others, the use of the waters
of the Walker river in California and
Nevada, ahd two more the enforcement
of the Oklahoma prohibition laws In
Interstate shipments. StlU another tm-
portant case that will come up for rs-
argument "is that Involving the constl-
tutlonallty of the hours of service law
for railroad employes. ' ' "
can Revolutloh: Robert Graham, founder
of the Church Temperance society ; Rev;-'
Theodore Bourne, founder of the Soclotv
for the Prevention of Crirm, New York,
John Austin Stevens, founder , of . the
Sons of the Revolution; Rev. Henry W..;
Ruggs, grand master nt the Knights
Templar of the United States;" Sir '
Robert Gif fen, the English statlstleltm
and others, too numerous to record." ,
CURES RHEUMATISM
j00 Rheumatfc jeOO
Per - bottle. " '- . ftottta
ajt iwTZBJrAX. submid rom. .
RHEUMATISM ;
Sciatica '
Neuralgia ' '
Nervoae llKdali
Nsuralrlc Hea(i -rj
Nervous Dripetoia
Nervous Affectio.
, TRADB SUPPLIED VX
A.W. Allen aco.
Tolesale-anrHeian Eru; ' 4. -
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, PAcmo coast Aar.Nrs,