4
THE OREGON ' SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND' SUNDAY; MORNING, OCTOBER 23, 1910.
f2W
THE JOURNAL
AS IKDEPBKDE5T NEWSPAPER. '
C. 8. UCtCSON.
. , Pnblithtt
FnhlMMT Try nlnt (eieept SnndiyV ens
im; Sunday oioroln tt Hi Joorol Build
ing, Fifth nd v.mbiU tret, FottUnd. Or.
Entmd t th potofn it Portland, Or., fnr
trtntnilfcJn through the malU u coua-:UM
Better. ;".-'..-.. .. . .;
TELEPHONES Main T17J; Home, A-SOS1.
. All drpartmrati rciehrd by the sninbens,
trtt th operator wht department yon want.
FOREIGN ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE,
H-njmln Kentaor Po., Burniwlck BulMlnf,
fciS Klftn nue, Htw Xorkj 10O7-OS Bjc
' Building. Chicago.. . v
fnbrriptlon Term by ttU or to any.iddreae
la lti Salted Stat, Canada or Mexico!
- DAILT. i
On yiw. A5.00 On month, I AO
-. SUNDAI. . -
0n year 12. SO ) On month........! M
1 DAILY AND SUNDAY.
On yur... 8T.S0 I On month.. I .S
THEIR BOOMERANG
THE attempt to besmirch- Os
wald West with the mileage
incident , la a r boomerang.
West's life is an open book.
He has risen from lowly place
into general public confidence and
esteem by being always four-square
and on.the level. .
As pilot of-a delivery cart,- he
was a splendid driver. As a bank
messenger, he, was a splendid mes
senger. As a schoolboy, he -was a
splendid pupil, a fact that won him
his position in the bank.' ...
As a trusted clerk, in the bank,
he ' was a splendid clerk. As state
land agent he was a splendid offi
cial. Por his work, he "was .com
mended in the highest terms by ev
ery newspaper in Oregon. ' There
was never a word of Bcandal in the
office after he entered it, nor since.
. As railroad commissioner, he was
a splendid commissioner. There
were complaints of brutal treatment
of livestock in transit over the rail
roads; he took, a practical man's
way of learning the facts.
He did not ride over the line In
a palace car as railroad commission-,
ers often do. .He dressed himself as
a stockman, and: as such rode the
, length of the east side line In charge
of . several cars of stock-' It gave
him actual knowledge of conditions
snd resulted in intelligent action.;
When there were reports that the
Corvallis 4 Eastern railroad tracks
were unsafe, West took no man's
word for it. Tbe safety of the traveling-public
was at stake. With a
hatchet and other tools, he set out
afoot and walked the length of the
. line, testing the ties, digging Into
bridge timbers, "examining culverts
and making a tedious but effective
personal survey, of the road. When
his work, requiring several days,
was . finished, he,, personally knew
conditions. It was a practical man's
practical way of gaining practical
' Information.
.In the same way, West examined
the west side road from Corvallia
to Portland. There had been an 'ac
cident to a train, and to make sure
that the traveling public was, pro
tected, he walked the entire dis
tance, examining every ' tie, t rail, ;
bridge and culvert; Jn, itbejjtrack,
When or where waB so much' inter
est ever taken by a railroad commis
sioner in the welfare and safety of
the public?
Such is West. Every ' act in his
career has been an example of how
to make good. His every public
' movement has been an instance of
integrity and effectiveness. It. is
only by such acts that he could have
risen from a delivery boy to popular
favorite for governor of , his state.
It Is a beautiful, testimonial to our
national life that such a course opens
the way for the lowliest boy. to the
highest place; No more splendid en
couragement can be, given to boys
and men in any walk than by elect
ing such a manato the governorship
or the state. .,,;",-...
. It is for these reasons that the
pusillanimous attempt to besmirch
Mr. West with the mileage incident
' will react with deadly effect against
those who ; perpetrated the: outrage
and give votes by the hundred to
the man whose life is an open book,
and who as delivery boy, railroad
commissioner or in any other "capa
city invariably made good. .
LIFE IN THE DARK
IN New York there are 90,000
wlndowlefis rooms, occupied 1 by
human " beings In February,
J ' irno, iuef were Bil(jH BUCn
rooms. Into them sunlight never
enters. Fresh air. If any ever pene
1 rates . -them , couies i : through the
door to a dark and gloomy hallway.
To a majority of these dwellers In
the dark. Jresh air is scarcely any
thing more than a myth, says a writ
er in the Technical World magazine.
' These wlndowless rooms are in the
tenement districts of New York City.
In the main, they are on Manhattan
island. There are blocks and blocks
of .the city in which the density of
population Is so great that .there are
1000 to 1500 people per acre. Crowd
ed and congested as the London tene
ment districts are popularly supposed
to be, the maximum density of pop
ulation there is less than 600 per
acre. v -; -1- . .
In Chicago, the number of people
in the Polish quarter is three times
that of the most crowded portions
of Tokio, Calcutta or; other Asiatic
cit ies, where we have always been
taught that the population is appal
lingly congested. .Yet the density in
Chicago rarely reaches 500 per acre
or only one-third to one-half that of
, New York's tenement population. :
In thPe wlndowless districts , the
doath rate Is over one-half ' higher
t h an : that of : New York City ' as a
whole. That fact tells the dreadful
f tory of rooms ' without light, .of
fgmiltp without fresh sir.
X"k. mt'To ofllie. congestion is re-
Jatwl by a. tenement, inspector.' " In
cr.e house was a family of4 elsht
1 (jrsons, a father, mother, two sots
and four daughters. .They occupied
a cellar-apartment' of three rooms,
two of which had no light, save that
which straggled Jn from open deors
from the front room under the side
walk, which was lighted by a' dozen
little discs of glass upon which the j
feet of street pedestrians were con
stantly pounding. : The . apartment
was crowded with broken down fur
niture. In the front room were two
beds and. the appliances and bench
of the father, who was a shoemaker.
The family had lived in these dark
rooms for three years, and their
pale pinched features attested the
absence of sunlight.
Among the occupants of these
Ughtless and almost airless tene
ments are workers wha toil at night,
and who never see the light of day
save, for an hour or so late in a sum
mer afte'rnoon. Their faces aretal
lowy, and their eyes have the staring
expression' of owls.
: i The, tenements are ' largely occu
pied by factory, people on salaries of
$6 to $12. They are poorly clothed,
miserably fed, and they pay in pro
portion to the .accommodations they
receive, the highest rent of any peo
ple on the face of the globe.
Half of the world does not realize
how the other half lives. ; We of the
light, alry and comfortable homes
with tre.es and a lawn . ot, green
around it, though, the struggle for
survival may sometimes seem hard,
have little over which to' complain
when we recall, the lot of those who
live In the dark Jn the great city ten
ements. ', ', - ' ;;.;v frctt-K .'V;.;;;.
.A BLOODLESS TRAGEDY
0"
N SEPTEMBER 15, 1910 but
a month ago--a scene was en
acted at Helsingfors'in Finland
that marks the extinguishment
of the independent constitutional life
of the Finnish; nation. The.deseripi
tion that follows is condensed from
the account given by ihe well known
writer, II. W Nevinson in the Eng
lish weekly, The Nation. A .-word or
two of introduction will osufflce. In
the year 1809 Finland ', was taken
from Sweden and annexed to, Russia.
But the Russian. Tsar, Alexander I,
in perfecting the annexation, con
firmed the old constitution of Fin?
land, and the autonomy of the coun
try. Finnish laws and customs were
continued. v To this, as grand duke
of Finland, the Russ'lan Tsar took
his coronation oath. Each Tsar who
has followed him has, at his corona
tion sworn to the same conditions.
In 1901 the present Tsar, Nicho-
las, was , responsible for the violent
Invasion of the constitutional rights!
of. the grand duchy,' which it was his
solemn function to protect! By de
cree of the Tsar- published , by 5 the
Russian council1 of 'ministers, over
riding; the constitution and laws; of
Finland a Russian was appointed
secretary of state, Russia laid hands
on the Finnish postofflce, declared
Russian the official language, cen
sored tbe newspapers and, under, a
new law of military service", - abol
ished-the ancient Finnish army and
required conscript Finns to serve in
the Russian army ranks, ; New taxes
added to the contributions paid by
Finland to the Russian treasury.
But the Finnish diet, the ancient
parliament, was left ; Intact In its
home, - Its organization, rules and
privileges.. .In this year of 1910 the
final step was taken, '; Finland was
advised that her Independent rights
to legislate would be withdrawn Her
diet with curtailed powers in Finland
only would be ordered to send one or
two representatives . to the Russian
duma and the Imperial council, to
provide Increased , contributions to
imperial defense and ; to accord to
Russians" special privileges, as resi
dents pf Finland.
' NowBeair Mr.. Nevinson. The time,
September 15. The place, the an
cient parliament hall in Helsingfors.
"In that chamber was assembled the
freest and most democratic house of
representatives In the world. Elected
by all men and women citizens over
24 chosen' in a method of proportionate-
representation that the peas
ants and working men and women
understand, it takes care that min
orities should be considered. TUere
they sat in parties together on the
right of the chair the Swedish party,
26. The Swedes have few privileges
left, and their influence "is shaken
by the Finnish advance. The Young
Finns 28 sit close behind them',
in, ordinary politics described as ad
vanced Liberals and something more.
Next; sit the Agrarians tl7-rcnm.
bined with them, but; protectors of
the small peasant landholders. Then
the solid body Of Old Finns 42 !led
j by men of .knowledge and experience,
themselves to take public offices un-dei-
the Bobrlkoff tyranny. On; the
extreme left of the chair the Social
ists 86 have their accustomed
place.: They hold firmly to the prin
ciple that labor alone, apart f rora
any capitalist contribution, is the
source of wealth but demanding
now an eight hour day and similar
measures, But the strength of these
Socialists lies- in the country- dis
tricts, and their propaganda chiefly
among peasants. In opposition ;, to
the interference of Russian despot1
ism, all parties stand solidly as one.
"There they sat, men and women
together about 18 women ' mem
bers present fairly . distributed
among all parties. Two hundred
strong firm, solid, almost painfully
calm, allowing no applause, no ex
pression of emotion the freest -as
sembly the world has known. 'Bal
loting for the president, wis by drop
ping folded.papers into a' glass bowl.
Per Svinhufoud was chosen, of an
cient Swedish family, a, Young Finn
in
party, a democrat without re-
naa snown Mn strength, as president
before,"'" ln?s less than , 50 words, tie
tkanked the diet, and declared hie
intention of defending the country's
constitutional rights. Then the sit
ting was suspended. . ;
."Before noon on the 16th the wide
square jn front of the great Luther
an churcfr was crowded. ' At 12 the
members of the diet entered the
church in procession. Two black
robed priests conducted a service at
the altar. ' At Intervals a choir in
the organ loft burst Into sudden,
loud, chorals. A priest took for his
text, 'What Bhall It profit a man If
he gain the whole world and lose
his own soul?' .,' There was no direct
political allusion In the' sermon. The
blessing was given, the bell tolled,
and in procession again the members
of the diet, moved to the. empty pal
ace beside lthe main harbor. There
imperial beadles ushered them into
the large throne room, used for state
balls in happier days. - On the inlaid
floor the members stood clustered,
forming a half, ' circle, and in the
midst their president stood, isolated.
From a side door ; near the empty
throne strangely dressed officials is
sued, and behind them crowded a
swarm of Russian officersarmy of
ficers in grays and blues, naval of
ficers in white some of them spark
ling , with " orders- and badges, i; So'
they stood, a glittering band on the
left side of thethrone, symbols of
the power of violence; over law and
freedom alike. Before the. .steps of
the throne a stout; squat figure be
came conspicuous In the brown tunic
of Russian army undress. ft was
the Russian Governor General Seyn.
lix, a harsh-and grating voice he read
a Russlarl paper announcing that
the. Tsar had again called the diet
together, and then, handing the "pa
per ; to his kl&&, he stood glaring at
the diet's president as though ex
pectlng defiance. ' ' . ' .
"Many expected ' defiance. K The
matters to be laid before the diet for
their acceptance '.'' were already
known, f Contrary to constitutional
precedent i these propositions i were
not signed py, the . Tsar ; as ; grand
duke, nor by Finland's- secretary "of
state la St. Petersburg, but issued
In the' name of the Russian council
of ministers alone. Standing quite
unmoved before the governor gen
eral, and hardly, bending Jn salute
the r president acknowledged the. re
ceipt of the' grand duke's message,
and 'the ceremony was over. The of
ficers rattled out, the. members
passed into the open - air i and the
white and glided hall stood empty.'
Only the golden , two-headed , eagle
over; the . throne remained, ' clutching
fit its orb and scepter.". '
So right once again gave place, to
might-and- the ancient grand duchy
was absorbed in the, Russian-empire.
AUTUMN
The melancholy- days are;cotne, the sad
dest of tha year,
Ot walling winds and naked woods and
meadows brown and sere.
Heaped in the hollow of the grove, the
; autumn leaves He dead;
They rustle to ;'the eddying gust, and
- to the rabbit b tread. $ -
HEN; BRYANT wrote these
oft-quoted lines he wrote
poetry, so good Judges Bay:
but1 they; are an unhappy
and untrue expression.
The autumn days are not necessar
ily; any' sadder than any other days.
They contain very much to make
them , gladder, rather . than sadder
The "wailing woods" are an inter
esting, delightful, recreative con
trast to the full-leaved and Dloomed
trees and floral growth of. summer,
There .Is a beauty in the "naked
woods." The "wailing winds" fur
nish music, .The autumn leaves are
carpetry and coloring of gladness
rather than' of . gloom; one doesn't
want only green leaves fastened to
unreachable tree limbs the ' year
through, and year after year. . The
"e.ddylng. gust"- carrleB health and
heartiness in, its breezy breath;TanJ
the "rabbit's tread" isn't veryjheavy
or distressing. He is having a good
time, as most creatures are, In the
fall,' the harvest : home time.
. No; the days are.not -"melancholy"
or "sad, , even if skies are clouded
and rain falls. There have been
great and golden harvests.. , Look at
the apples and the carnations? at the
gowns and diamonds at a thousand
things of developed life, beauty and
wealth, and then think how ridicu
lous it was for the poet to call these
"melancholy" and "sad" days of the
year. , " They are glad , glorious days
of the year. Each one has its charm
its, vision of heaven.
CRIPPEN
c
RiPPEN' has ' been : convicted
He will be executed Novem
ber 14th or 15th. ; From the
slender threads o? evidence of
a few weeks ago a network of ac
cuslng facts nas been woven around
the defendant, and he is condemned
In the sequel there is another in the
long line of examples of the efficlen
cy of the English courts. .
If Crippen had committed his
crime-in the United States,' he could
have counted almost certainly on
several years of life, and a possible
acquittal. Regardless of his guilt
with the aid of Insanity specialists
he would stand an excellent chance
of living out his natural life. -
V-,s We all know what happens here
when the interesting hero of a sensa
tlonal murder Is locked up. Noth
ng nappens lor a long time, , es
peclally if the defendant is rich. Re
porters write about It and clergymen
preach about it. Intelligent lawyers
In search of limelight, struggle for
the honor of defending the criminal
Morbid1 women call, at the jail and
shower the prisoner with flowers
and attentions. If there Is enough
sensation in the tragedy, tbe mur
derer becomes a hero and his defense
a study in heroics. r ;
on .band
at
the trial.. They testify according to
the.Bize of their fees. There are de
lays, ; appeals,' new appeals, expert
testimony, trips to the. In3aue . asy
W
lum, hypothetical questions as long
as a chain of mountains, efforts to
get out of the insane .asiiurji and a
long routine of tedious and indef
inite "uncertainty. In ' the United
States we convict an average of only
one and three-tenths per cent of our
murderers. - ' , 1
In the United, States the average
of homicides for 20 years prior to
1904 was 6597 per year.; In 1896
the number was 10,692. With a
population abdut one-third of our
own, England in 1906 had 318 mur
ders, and in 151 of them there was a
conviction. With nearly three times
the population in he same year, we
had more than 20 times as many
homicides.- , . . ..
The Crippen 'conviction In contrast
with the Thaw trial illustrates why
England's homicide list Is so low
and ours so. high.
NO PROOF AGAINST PORTLAND
HE Chicago ' Recofd-Herald' is
, probably, hasty in assuming, as
it does, that whereas the Ta
coma enumerators counted
116,248 alleged inhabitants, it has
pnly, 82,972. It Is yet; to b deter
mined how much, if at all, Tacoma's
population .was padded, 'but., the
probability seems to be that it . has
been ."more sinned against than sin
ning." However this may be, the Chicago
paper had no right and can, furnish
no good excuse, ;f or including . Port
land . among other cities in ltst edi
torial indictment charging . (Sensus
frauds. It says: , .' '
- It is' this "disci-editing; the' census
as a whole that is the really serious
matter, and for that reason it Is for
tunate that Tacbma and Seattle and
Aberdeen, . Wash;; Portland, Dr.;
Minneapolis; Boise,: Idaho; Fort
Smith, Atk. and other titles were
caught early In the game. .There Is
surely humbug enough in the boom
ing craze without frauds that would
rob the census . returns of all au-
thority.,., . ,
As to the other cities mentioned,
we, have no definite and positive, in
formation;, but Portland, so far- as
present developments show, was not
'caught early In the game," nor at
all, except ;4n the imagination of
some clerk or inspector who wanted
to make an appearance of earning a
salary. There are 10 chances to c;i
that Portland was under-counted,
rather than over-counted. '
CITIES OUTGROWING THE
COUNTRY ;
A'
PPARENTLY, the "back-to-the-
' farm" movement has not taken
place. Cenjausl returns ' from
Ohio, Indiana, 'Illinois, .'and
other great agricultural states show
that while there has been a great
Increase In the population of , the
cities, the increase in the Country has
been much less; in some cases there
has been a positive decrease.. Various
reasons, are given, principally these?
Improvement in . farm machinery;
wealth of farmers, who prefer ' city
life, and are reluctant to break up
large holdings of profitable farms.
The Spokane Spokesman-Review, dis
cussing 1 this ' condition, remarks:
'The only thing that will start a
back to the farm' crusade In these
states is cutting up of the big farms
into small holdings. ' Here in -the
west the same thing must be done to
prevent,' in future "years, the same
situation .that now confronts the.mid-
dle west states." ,
Much of thi good work,. of subdi
viding large tracts has been done In
Oregon, and it should be encouraged
In all possible ways. In many por
tions of Oregon a family needsbut
a few acres, and the man who per:
Bists Jn,.holdIng large ta-acts should
be subjected . to"a graduated land
tax as - an inaucement ror him; to
give landless people a. better chance
' YOUTHFUL CRDnXAIA '
. , fr'-s;-- :r.-- .rr'-T
A
CHICAGO ,.. municipal . court
judge remarks that the student
of the criminal courts of that
city. Is horrified to. learn that
65 per , cent of the criminals going
through them are between 16 and 25
years . old, . and i he blames ;, the
churches for not. looking after chil
dren add. youth more, possibly this
censure may be in some measure de
Berved, but much more of it should
fall on parents who scarcely take as
much care of their own' offspring as
they do of domestic animajs .dogs,
cats and chickens. ' ' "
.The public school system is per
haps delinquent, too, In teaching too
much out of , textbooks 'and not
enough of "either practical '. Industry
or practical morality-r-right living;
early r rights living;, the. tremendous
importance of it.
' There Is no 'more Important sub
ject, or work, or thought, than this
of saving, the children and youth
front vice and crime. The school
most urgently needed. It almost
seems, is one for parents;, and in
many cases, the teacher should be
armed, speaking metaphorically,
with a lash.
BIG UNCLE SAM AND LITTLE
. PORTUGAL
i:
HE; BOSTON GLOBE, which is
by po means a radical and not
s a very sentimental newspaper.
tninks mat "a gracious 'and
most becoming act it would have
been, applauded by every lover of
human freedom the world over, it
the United States had not allowed
the republics of , Switzerland and of
Brazil ; to' recognize the republic of
Pottugal before, any- word of recog
nition was sent.from Washington".'
ilUOalLlbaL.g,YPn tha, monarchies
of Great Britain and Germany have
entered Into Bemi-off iclal ? relations
with the new democracy in the Iber
Ian peninsula. But it has received
no public, official acknowledgement
or encouragement from the capltSl
of the greatest of the world's repub
lics. :.'. . .-.-.-V..- j o
The Portugese are said to be illit
erate', unfit for self government, and
in a sent and to an extent this may
be true,but why? One reason is
that for a, thousand years the Portu
gese have been . governed by kings,
and burdened with all that pertains
to monarchlal government, ',' Perhaps
if they unload their king and royal
courts and all their costly appurten
ances and appendages, they will learn
ko read and write, and live better In
many ways. . At least they have a
right to try. It is curious that the
government at Washington was not
one of the first officially to recognize
that right,, and give the , Portugese
people an encouraging word on ac
count of their attempt at progress
toward democracy and liberty!
"There can be no cause for war
between' Japan and America,'?- re
cently declared Mayor Ozakl of To
kio, one of the most prominent pub
lic men of Japan. Such a declara
tion enunciates more of statesman
ship, and we might say'of Christian
ity, than the prediction and incite
ments of 'Hobson, . Admiral ; EvanB
and otiier Americans who are con
tinually prophesying war, and try
ing to : give reasons .why ' "there
Bhould Or must be war, No, there
can be , no ; reasonable and right
cause, for war between this country
and Japan. or any other'nation.
.The recent report of' the. Great
Northern railroad makes 'a gdod
ehowlng "not . only ;for. the stock
holders but for the Pacific -coast
region traversed by that road." While
operating expenses for the year in
creased upwards of ,20 per cent," the
net revenue increased in almost the
same proportion.. These Increases
are evidence of rapid development
throughout the country tributary
to this railroad, much of which has
become tributary in a ; commercial
way to Portland, since the , building
ot the North Bank road. ' , ,
King Manuel should not become
discouraged; on account of hla' for
mer kingship he .might , be able to
marry an American heiress and- be
fairly happy yet . ,v
Water Transportation.
, , . From tbe Railway Age. .
Probably the greatest single deterrent
to water terminal advance in tbe Unit
ed States is' the present adverse atti
tude of rail lines toward Independent
water traffic In their exclusive control
of rontage. In refusal or neglect to co
ordinate with general water traffic, and
In refusal to pro-rate generally with wa
ter lines n tbrou gh movement or . trax-
Considering water termlnalsCommls
sloner Smith finds five salient facts
regarding them, as follows: That ter
minals are as Important as channels;
that the harbors of the country have
not fully developed their terminal front
age, nor t are they : properly organized
or controlled; that ; railways largely
control water terminals, often to the
disadvantage it general water traffic?
that there is almost no unking up ei
the rail and general water systems at
the water's edge, but rather the opposite
tendency, and that there Is little co
operation by localities wlth-the federal
government, "which improves the cnan-
nels. .... ;--V-. -: -,
Corteernlng ' New YorK. harbor condi
tions the report says In part: ?
,"New,York Is, of course, the most 1m
portant 'harbor- in the . United States.
As a terminal organism, its complexity
and diversity make U a most Interest
ing study.. The .congestion of business
is complicated by an enormous volume
Of local passenger traffic, a large, pro
portion of which, until thi recent com
pletion ot tunnel systems, was handled
by-femes, thus requiring a consider
able portion of the waterfront in- the
most central portions of thfe harbor;
this ferry traffic still Seriously. aggra
vates the confusion of business on mar
ginal streets. ; v - .?
''The congestion of traffic at present
Is extreme, especially on Manhattan is
land. Coordination oT. rail and water!
trarric,.l8 very.deroctive, except as to
the rail controlled iermlnals for through
traffic. There Is very lrttle rati con
nection between the water terminals and
local -Industries. Perhaps the highest
terminal development -has been reached
In. the . so-called 'Bush terminals,' on
the Brooklyn front. This is an Import
ant dock company, holding 9 blocks in
pctoter 23 in History
Today is the birthday of pretty Anne
Oldfleld, or "Nancy" Oldfleld. as she
beeame known alter she had the wnoie
of London at her feet as the most beau
tiful, most charming, and most versatile
actress who had graced the English
stage, ' No actress since her time . has
been more popular than was "Nancy."
The' court raved over her, the critics
lauded her to the skies, the poets wrote
sonnets to her; anil the public. thronged
the theatre . nightly during the height
of her. success. . . ,.
..Even the sneering pope, who loved to
make game of any : public : personage
through his pen
wrote in his unpub-
llshed
Sober -Advice From Horace"T'vr
"Engaging Oldfleld!
who with. 'grace
and ease
Could join the arts to
ruin ; and to
. ' please. ,
Ample .testimony is borne of the
beauty, -vivacity and charm of Nancy
Oldfleld. As to her art. she isald to
have had few equals as an exponent of
both tragedy and comedy. Chetwood,
not too intelligibly,' rhapsodizing, says:
"She was of a superior height, but with
a lovely proportion; and the dignity of
her soul, equal to her force and stature,
made up of benevolent charity, affable
and good natured to all that deserved it,
Campbell ; imagines her to have been
the most beautiful woman that ever trod
the British stage. . - . ,
Clbber wrote - more than one of his
famous plays with a special view to
her. The extent of her powers could
only,! lie holds, be gauged by the variety
Of characters she , played. Steele, ln
the "Tatler"; and the "Spectator" bears
warm tribute to her distinction and her
power. - Swift, in his "Journal to Stella."
mentions her, ppproblously as "the drab
that acts Cato's danghter,"
Nancy Oldfleld was much caressed
by people of fashion and generally went
to th theatre in a chlrr attended" by
two .footmen, and in a dress she had
worri at some ajrlstocratlc dinner. The
actress , was the .' granddaughter of a
vintner, and daughter of a soldlef In
Tnrgiinxas, ana was oorn at ran Aiau
on October 23, 1683.- As a young girl
she worked as a seamstress, . but she
spent all, her spare time reading plays,
Farquhar, the dramatist, "Overlieafa her
reciting prhshk from - one of Beau
mont and Fletcher's playa, and .Ex
South Brooklyn, with a frontage of 3120 ,
fect., with Blx pter, 115 .waftehouses, a
terminal railroad with large car yards,
spur tracks cn and about the docks and
in the wareUouseg sufficient to accom
modate 1200 cars, and a number of car
f1r,J , Tf .Visa avrAllnt , mechanical
transshipping equipment, and -Its en-!
tire system of docks, warehouses and
equipment is well coordinated with the
trunk lln railroads. TtS terminal rail -
road connects, with the Brooklyn ter-1
nuimiB oi uoui ciB.il . v-u , lIon of tne COUntry will ' proceed at a
and acts as their terminal agent. Most llveUeP T))e vrogres9 of the cam.
of Its wharves are leased to 'ocean pa,gns ,n New. York, New Jersey and
steamship lines, The city lsjat otl'ei0hlo will e closel y foil owed by the
present tiine building a ,rfnala.r8e nation at large, the results In those
docks adjacent to the Bush terrnlnaU i- states being regarded as of particular
ZnZ Z &J V i,m, ? " importance In view of the bearing they
tSF?l& " " Presidential con-
tlcularly on Manhattan Island. -In 1908
it was stated-In a published report that
out of a total ot $09 piers on Manhattan
Island the city-owned 207. At present
(1910), taking perhaps the most import
ant section, there are about 180 piers
from. West Seventieth street to the
Battery and thtnee up to East Forty
second street, and of these the city owns
about 160. Railways oocupy a compara
tively email frontage in New .York
(about five and a third miles), but that
part is very Important, constituting
about 84 percent of the North Riner
front, Wo best part of the harbor. AboiU
ten railwayB are located there." -
The state of. New, York In 1903 ap
propriated oVer. $1.00,000,000 for enlrg
Ing : the-. Erla canal, and construction
work is now in operation. Even, with
this improvement, however, transporta
tion by the "Erie canal will depend large
ly upon the condition of its terminals
at New York and Buffalo and upon the
control of those terminals' ,- The oanat,
as a rival of parallel -railways. Is na
turally an cbject. of great Interest to
those roads, and, there are strong in
dications that their policy has been to
suppress Canal traffic by control of the
terminals -and by influence upon the
floating equipment as, well as by ic
tivj rate competition. - ' f -; ; ;
Testing Tacific Coast Coal. ,
From" the Seattle :Post-Intellinger. ;
The tests which are to be made by
payal CvesseJa with ' Washington coal
may develop considerable value to the
navy, to the Pacific coast coal operators
and. to shipping on. this cosst... All of
the coal for naval use on.the' Pacific
Is at present brought around from the
Atlantlo coast. - All of the commercial
vessels on the Pacific, the revenue
cutters, the Vessels of the lighthouse
establishment, the army transports and
Indeed, all of the .other government ves
sels, save those of the navy alone, use
local coal. The battleship Oregon,
whleh made her notable voyage' around
the coast of South America and arrived
tn time to participate with great effecti'rty "nf 8i?0Uid 4J,lae V t,ox lara
in the battle of Santiago, used Paclfio
coast coal from Pu get sound to South
America, ,:;."-vvi':v y' y, V:-t i-:: w.;-';.'--v-.i
The- tests are to determine the effi
ciency and the economy as well of the
Pacific coast coals. As to efficiency,
it must be admitted that with the ex
ception of Alaska coal, which is not
yet on the market,' the coals of the
Pacific, ton for ton, have Hot "the heat
ing value of the Atlantic coals.
It Lie Insisted,; however, that the
difference In efficiency is out of all
proportion less than the difference in
relative cost; than the actual ! cost of
the. power produced by the Pacfflo
coasV coals, at their price, If far less
than the cost of producing the same
power with Atlantlo .coals, j The tests
to be made will determine that ques
tion, or ahguld- determine.' it, at all
,events. '
Vessel owners have this Interest In
the test: If it ' should result Irt the
adoption of pacific , coast coal for
haval vessels, - durlnir , the ordinary
routine of peace, no large number of
foreign steamships , will be brought
around to this Coast with naval coaL
to be released here and enter Into com
petition with American ships for out
ward bound cargoes. The number of
American ships. now laid up on Puget
sound, because1 unable tb meet this kind
of competition shows-'that the ship
owners have a legitimate grievance.
Tillamook Opposed to Assembly
v From tjie Tillamook Herald.
Upon reading the figures for Tilla
?iook county, in regard to the nominat
ion , of governor on the Republican
ticket there Is but One conclusion that
we can arrive at, namely, that Tilla
mook county is against the assembly.
It is reasonable to presume that every
assembly man who voted, voted . for
Powerman." No special fight' was made
against him 1n this county, still, he
polled only a llttlepver. a. Quarter of the
voies cast, all the other votes cast be
ing for anti-assembly Candidates. ' An
attempt-will-be- made, no do'ubl7to
make it appear that Tillamook county
Is for the assembly. The figures, how
ever, refute such a claim, and We are
sure that if Mr. Dimlck had been the
only candidate against Mr. .Bowerman,
Bowerman Would have been badly de
feated in this county and in the state.
Pretty Nance OWfield
pressed a favorable opinion ofiher ca
pacity, r . v
When not a-dozen years old she was
Introduced to the manager of the Drury
Lane theatre, who offered her an en
gagement at a weekly; salary of 15 shlll,
lngs to play Juvenile parts. The first
character in which she appearod was in
an original part in e-prose adaptation by
anbrugh, of the 'Pilgrim," of Beau
mont and Fletcher, produced in 1700 at
Drury - Lane,. - She -made her last .ap
pearance on the stage as "Lady Brute"
in the vprovoked Wife," on April 28,
1780.! She flled several months later.
' After lying In state in the Jerusalem
Church, hef body .was burled beneath the
monument of Congreve in Westminster
Abbey, at the west end of the nave. Ac
cording to the testimony of her maid,
Margaret Saunders, she was interred "In
a very fin Brussels lace head, a Hol
land shift and double ruffles of the same
laee,a pair -of new kid gloves and -her
body wrapped In a winding sheet.- '
This elicited from Pope , the- -well
known lines:
"Odious In wollen! 'twould a saint
provoke,
Were the last words that poor Narcissa
, spoke; , ' r ,
No, let a charming chlnts and Brussels
lace
Wrap my cold limbs and shade my life
less face; -
One would not. sure, be frightful when
one's dead, 1
And Betty -give this cheek a little
red." , . '
A son of Mrs,. Oldfleld married Lady
Mary Walpole. and the actress was
thus connected, through marriage, with
some of the. principal famlllos In Kng-
land. Including that- of the Duke of
Wellington. '
Today Is the birthday of Thomas
Plnckney, the American statesman and
diplomatist (1750); Marshal Andouche
Junoti the French commander (1771);
rrancis, ioru jerrery, tne, English
statesman and critic (1773); John R.
Bartlett,; the American author (1805) :
1 anaJ&-DeaA-r, the.o4odcwfeetteemretgWi 1 1 frr
and statesman, after whom Denver was
named (1817) John R. Ttrompson,' the
poet' and , journalist -: (1823; -Ad1at E.
Stevenson, vie president under Cleve
land (lft35; and Francis llopklnBon
Smith, tne engineer, artist, author and
lecturer U&fM
News Forecast of
tKe Coming AVcck
Washington, Oct 22: The state and
congressional campaigns will continue
;to abs0rb public attention during the
' ,i, nn.u w... . . ,7ii
bef ore electl0ll the conte8ts in every sec-
Colonel Koosevelt. who will celebrate
his fifty-second birthday anniversary
next Thursday, plans to put in a Tausy ,
week. He will bo- heard on the stump
In iseveraF places up state and will prob
ably deliver at least one addrexs in
New! York city. 1 '
Members of the Interstate Commerce ,
Commission will assemble In Vjhlcago
Tuesday to resume the Investigation of
the western trunk lines, trans-Mlesourl '
and Illinois freight committee freight
tariffs.
. Indicted four years ago on 1628
counts, the Standard Oil company of
Indiana will put in its defense in the
term of the federal court, which meets
Monday at Jackson, Tenn., to charges
of accenting concessions amounting to
rebates which, if proved, would involve
a maximum fine of $30,480,000.
One , of; the most notable gatherings
of the week will be the thhMy-seventh
internattonar'cohveriTloh'of. the Young 7
Men's Christian Association of North -'
America, Which will begin Its sessions
In Toronto on Thursday. The ednven
tion will" be attended by over 2000 dele
gated, representing 500,000 members of
the Y. M. C. A. in the United States '
and Canada. . .;' ; - -
In the foreign . field the progress- of
events in Portugal will doubtless con
tinue to occupy the public mind. The
assembling of the French parliament
and the Industrial struggles in England,
France and Qermany may also be ex- :,
pected to figure prominently tn the ,
newe of the week from abroad. .
Letters From trie Peojjls
- A Call for Help.
Portland, Oct. 22. To the Editor of
The Journal It is now approaching the
time of year when some consideration
should, be given by subscribers to the
dally papers to the carriers.
EVery subscriber whose house Is far
ther than 15 feet back from the prop-
enough to hold the Sunday paper near
the gate; entrance to the yard to Insure
regular service and a, dry paper.
It is asking very much for every;
liftibscrlber to expect wese short days
'JTt have the boys . take so many extra
steps through the rain and mud to give
them such servicr as they, expect. Why
don't the bewspaper men write an ed
itorial for the, benefit of the carriers.
WIL HARRIDAN Carrier. '
m i, , ,; .; -mi ...,.., ,, v,t ,
'Mayor Caynor Is a Revelation, v'
' From the Salem Journal.
, Politicians ! cannot " understand wh'
Mayor Caynor of New York does not :
Jump into the governorship game at the'
first chance he has.
Because he was elected-mayor, and
U making good, it .was assumed he
would jump at the chance to use that -office,
to step higher. .
. - Gaynor has shown his good sense by
declining to go up the frail step ladder
method of using one.offlce to get an
other office with. '
. Tammany politicians In either party
cannot comprehend a man who does not
play the game of using one office te
get another with. -
Congressmen cannot see anything
wrong In giving federal appointments
to pay their campaign expenses, but It
is clearly corruption, s
Gaynor is setting a new pace In mak
ing the Tammany police of New Yorlt
obey the laws and stop clubbing people
and making wild arrests. -
A poor boy Who lay In jail tor months
because he could not get ball and could :
not get his case up for rehearing, was
released. " , ,-
Gaynor says the city must be gov
erned by law, and that the laws are.
made for officials as well as for the
common people to ohey. ,
- Police arresting private cltlxens with
out warrant and using arbitrary force
and power over the citizen ' has been
stopped by Mayor Oaynor, .
Mayor Gaynor will be a bigger mnn v
as mayor if he does not use that office '
to llrnb Into a higher office with of
ficial power.
: Mayor Gaynor will be the biggest
man in .the United -6tates If he will
compel officials to respect the laws
made-for theni and the people.
i: There Is t'oo much f the over-reaching
by official power and too little re
spect for the rights of the -private clt-
Isen In these deys.- '
- Merely Lying Low.
From the Valley Record, Ashland (Rep.)
The Oregonlan Is'busy searching the
state fpr .antl-asnenibly and Statement
No. 1 Republicans who will support
Bowerman so It can interview them. The
cleanout of the assembly legislative
ticket lrt Multnomah county in an insur
gent landslide has taken the wind out
of the Oregolnlan, which hollers for har
mony nd compromise In order to save
Bowerman from the crushing defeat tn
store for, machine made, corporation
branded offlHuIs. It will do no good.
People know what, the assembly .was
organized for. The Oregonlan itself "
told them : - "Republicans of Oregon in
tend to repudiate Statement Novi.,Tbey.
Intend to Suggest In asBembljTor con
vention candidates for these principles
and will put the knife Into each and all
who declare for Statement No. 1." ;
The .Oregonlan Is somewhat of a liar
itself and cannot (be believed upon its
own testimony alone. Later Information
exposed by Henry McGinn and others,
and afterward admitted toy the corpora
tion attorneys, and after the primary by
the Oregonian Itself, togetwpr with a
look at the personnel of the state as
sembly, and especially at the individuals
who were actively operating it, leaves -no
doubt in the minds of readers as to
what the assembly 'was Organized for.
The Oregonlan was more than .moderate
In Its forecast of assemciyism. Had the
thing beenable to have carried as pro
grammed, the Oregonlan outline would
have been a mere cloak to hide other
objects. :; Ex-Governor Geer, Ex-Senator
Hodson and other standpatters want to
compromise now, giving as a reason
the fact that the assembly got a ter-
j rlble Jolt in Multnomah county. w These''
! T,onrh 'Are "has beens" snrt with ti,.
Oregonlan were the parlor ornaments of
the assembly, The. people who operated
Jay Bowerman,-Wallace McCaniant and
these parlor ornaments have slunk out
of sight, but are not eoniprornlslns.
They are lying low in order to: get a
four year governor and about half of
! tne present legisiaiure. , ,two year
hence they will be af it again.- They
I ere in the gume continuously nnd not
Joseph Herald: ; A party of a dozen
or. more people from Oklahoma were
ht?ro this week looking over this nnr.
Hon of Oregon with a view of locntlrig,
Tlipy claim ,to reprent lurge- rnnltat"
j ami thaf-tliey ere merely the advance
I agents for a dozen or more families.
X