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Common tense bowl to the In
evitable and make um of it
Wendell Phillip. .7 -; .
MR. BOWERMA3PS DEXIAL
B'
. OWEItMAN denies that Be rode
on his . railroad pass to and
from legislative sessions. That
Is what they, all do. They ai-
11111 UUKiN.flJ-i
ways deny." They have to deny. They
cannot admit such things. ." "
But all the records are at Salem.
Sir.' Bowerman had his pass on the
Harriman lines; as t did his partner,
, R. It. Butler; "There Is record ot the
fact In the statehouse At Salem. He
; drew $142:20 mileage for the regu
, Jar 1 and special sessions of 190&V
There is full record of tt on the state
treasurer's books and In "the "senate
-journal-J And whenrte hauledrln the
shekels, he had. his Harriman pass
in his pocket
This is the Mr." Bowerman who is
professing to be a great econpmlst
s i and reformer. .It is the Mr. Bowerman
who describes Governor ' Ben
son's administration as doing things
'that are "hardly believable." 7The
impressive phase In his collection of
mileage appears particularly in the
" case of the special session. .
It was called to correct blunders
made at the regular session. All the
' extra cost created . in convening it
was the fault of the legislature it
" self. For that reason. Governor Ben-
son appealed to members to make no
charge for mileage and per diem and
. 1 number of them consented. , t
Not so with Mr. Bowerman, pro-'
j -feasor of "true economy in public ex-;
pendftures." ..With, his, , Harriman
pass is his pocket, he demanded his
mileage and per diem and got both.
They amounted for the special ses
sion to $81.10. "His fare to and from
Balem..was 11520.' '"
WHEN WILL THERE BE AS ETfD?
0
lN A BILL of complaint filed by
Southern 7. ' Pacjf i5 ; company
against the jailroad commission
and attorney general "of Or
son, a temporary restraining order,
bos' been Issued by the United States
circuit court suspending ' the class
rates fixed by ' the commission be
tween Portland andj Willamette val-
, ley and southern Oregon' points, and
which were to have become , opera-
jtlve yesterday, Under a new act of
congress the restraining order will
be effective until the application for
a temporary Injunction la heard bo
. fore three Judges
ot the. United
States court. 7..
. It will be remembered that the or
' dor of the commission, made after an
Investigation It initiated on Its own
motion and which it had prosecuted
unremittingly for some months, left
the first class rates practically un-
. d isturbe d and . made but slight
changes In the second class. . It did
readjust, the relations between the
various classes: south of Salem and
Albany so that they corresponded
fairly with each other according, to
the scale of percentage relations
. which has been in force for years on
practically every northwest railroad
"tfcept On the Southern Pacific
Those familiar with traffic matters
who have followed he case express
curiosity as to the Justification the
-Southern Pacific can hope to inter
pose fpr its catch-as-catch-can sched-
- ule, and are surprised that the com
, pany has not acquiesced in the very
j reasonable adjustment made by the
commission.
But whfln will there be an end of
injunctions and delays? , The people
' ' f Oregon have had their share. The
v streetcar company is still passing out
soup tickets to its Mllwaukie and
Oak Grove passengers,, evidencing
the receipt of an extra nickel col
lected on each fare, which the rail
- .road .commission,, the circuit court
and; twice the supreme court have
said is exacted In' -.'violation of law.
Although the rebate checks have
. been, issued'lhtO vthe; hundreds 6t
thousands, and the. original decision
was more than three years ago, the
matter is now calmly reposing at the
foot of the overcrowded docket ot
'' the United States supreme court, and
- when it can be reached no one
'knows.
The order of the commission in
the Portland distributive rate case
on the O. R. & N. was contested at
every turn of the f oad for two years,
. ; and finally when' the suit :was dls
miHsed, it,; too,, was started on its
wpary way to the top of the docket of
the federal Supreme court. Every
body supposed that when the case
; was disposed of,: and when the lower
court had interpreted the order,- the
company would at once begin-dis
bursing the excesa sums it; had col
lected from the thousands of ship
pers which . the court held were
. wrongfully ..exacted;.. bltif -the O
R. & N. has refunded one "cent to
1 any shipper, the fact has-not been
'""'fcroTi prftfo'gWPTurTiotltHS."" , .' " '
' Likewise the commission's, order
for a track connection between the
.Southern Pacific and United Rajl
aaa In South Portland has been sus-
ponded by a restraining order for
about two years.
This, situation is not peculiar to
Oregon. It exists .wherever a serious
effort has been made to deal with
transportation problems. . If a state
legislature or congress act directly,
its action is unconstitutional. If a
federal or state commission act, It
Is likewise unconstitutional, and then
some. If a state court has .the te
merity to hold that' state officers frave
justly performed their sworn duty
and that the rights of the -carrier
have been safeguarded, a race en
sues to see whether a writ of error
can be procured before the mandate
issues. If a federal . court should
make a like finding, an appeal higher
up is looked-for. aB a matter of
course. " .
This Is current history, the na
tion wide. Ordinary litigants have
usually neither the means nor per
versity to pursue their controversies
with , the lawfully Constituted agen
cies of the government to such ex
cess. ;; If they did, Inconceivable tttrv
moll would follow; What Is the rea
son? Is it personal ' pique of sal
aried officials who have bo long dealt
with ;Crast properties . according to
their own wills that they cannot com
prehend that; the old ,; order hae
changed? Is 'it to try to wear ' out .
the state and nation In. their attempt
to regulate transportation along
strict constitutional lines? Or is it
an attempt' to force government, own
ership?. :";.-' i-.''-'':; ..'.V7 ,V-v ' .
; . Ordinarily there Is a , presumption
of verity , and correctness' which ' fol
lows the decision of any: legal tri
bunal;" When such judgment I con
firmed by that of Independent tribu
nals successively, it would seem that
the presumption is almost absolute.
What Is thereabout a rate contro
versy which makes every carrier re
gard it as unsettled until the su
preme court of the United States has
passed upon it and denied a petition
for rehearing? - Are there no legia-
latures, no tribunals, no courts ex-
cept the very highest - whose Judg
ment, will be treated as decisive?
And must the mandates of state and
federal authority always be suspend
ed pending resort to the court of very
last resort? '-
THE FRENCH STRIKE
RAKCE is in the midst of a
grave situation. The strike by
the railroad operatives threat
ens to Involve 300,000 men and
a multitude of complications. Vio
lence has already been extensively
practiced by the strikers and On sev
eral lines traffic is prostrated.
The strikers demand a 10 per cent
increase in wages, weekly rest "day,
a maxlmtfm-10 hour day, a minimum
wage of "one dollar per day and a
more liberal pension policy. :
A feature that renders conditions
complex is the manner in which the
railroad Uses are owned, and oper
ated Most . of the lines are state
owned but many are operated under
lease to private companies... The state
took over all railroads from private
ownership in 1842, Issuing bonds to
the amount of the purchase , price.
The total mileage la 1908. was 25,-
060, not including 4968 miles of
small local lines.
The Western railway system on
which the strike started went un
der government operation direct in
1908. In the present emergency, the
cry is raised that it is the state op
eration that is responsible for the
strike, but at' this distance it is im
possible to know wbatvirtue there
is In the claim,
Under the French law, every rail
road employe of the usual physical
eligibility can be called at any time
Into the French army. A call upon
the. strikers at this time places each
under military discipline, and throws
an almost insurmountable barrier in
the way of a successful strike, un
less there should be insurrection in
the Army Itself, a condition of which
there is no apparent omen.
Under a similar condition in Italy
in recent years, a great strike was
easily broken. A soldier was placed
In the cab .with each engineer or
alongside of other employes at the
various duties, with orders to shoot
in case of nonperformance of duty.
THE VISITING NURSE
WON
ASSOCIA.
W
HILE THE air vibrates with
reports of wars and rumors
of wars it is a grateful duty
to turn to the everlasting con
flict with sickness, misery, poverty,
dirt. Ignorance, waged with growing
mt
success, ine poor we nave ever
with us. The glory of the twentieth
century is the patient filling up and
bridging or the great gulf between
the many poor and the fewer rich.
The eighth annual report, of the
Visiting Nurse; association of this
city breathes hopefulness, even con
fidence, through every page. ;t tells'
of a longer subscription list, of larger
donations, of more systematic co
operation with municipal agencies,
organized ' charity, with physicians,
hospitals, churches. It tells of reg
ular work patiently done by its of
ficials and agents, of more fully
filled treasuries of money and sup
plies.; 7 It tells of detailed work
among the suffering poor, the seek
ing out of feeble mothers and their
babes in the dark hbles and corners
of the city, it unveils slums, even
in prosperous Portland, rivaling
those in many older cities where
sickness and .ntter : poverty are in
herited and not transplanted ilia. It
brings the light ot hope to inspire
wider and stronger effort. The tel
lin got-the tale is the lottdest-rall
not to, charitythat word has lost
its force but to the recoernif inn nf
urgent auiy laying us heavy hand on
all of us who have wherewith to
help.. . ; ' , ' ,
This publication comes at the fit
test tlrneV As we enjoy in our var-
h::. I-,-7-,-'-, ;.. ,..,(
inns dp;:r"eg the rpertadG of beauti
ful and well ordered luxury offered
for cur; admiration, let us epare one
tnougnt for the ainjs of the Visiting
Nurse association through the chair
man of their membership committee:
"Make the V. N. A. big enough to
care not only for the cases that come
to us, but to enable us to search out
for the hundreds of other cases re
quiring assistance which either
through pride or'-Ignorance are not
reported to us. Help us to help them,
Help us generously so that not one
case shall - have ' to be turned aay
ror lack or funds." -
Not fitful and epasmodio gener
osity but steady and .dependable sup
port will supply this crying need.:
WHICH BOWERMAN T '
W
HIGH BOWERjMAN are peo
ple asked to vote for the
Bowerman as he always has
been, or the Bowerman as he
now professes to be? "
Are they asked to vote' for the
Bowerman-whovoted for tlie Mari
ner bill to create assemblies; or for
the Bowerman who : now says he
would, if elected, veto Mariner bills?
,7 Are they asked to vote for the Bow
erman, who said in' a speech in the
senate that he would rather rote for
candidates selected -by a convention
than for those selected; In a .direct
primary; or for the Bowerman who
now says he la a direct primary can
didate? . - ...77-7'7 7;7:.-7; 7.'
Are they .to vote for the Bower
man who concocted the state assem
bly,, ran the state ' assembly and
rammed, himself through the state as
sembly as' its nominee; or for the
Bowerman who now insists that he is
special custodian of popular govern
ment in this state? , s 1
' Are they to vote for the Bower
man who en October - B forced his
campaign committee to reject a res
olution that declared for the direct
primary, for Statement One and
against assemblies; or for the Bow
erman who, after doing that, now
declares assemblyism is not an issue?
Are they . to yote ,lor - the Bower
man who extracted $142.20 In mile
age from -the public treasury while
traveling to and from the . legisla
tive sessions on a pass or for the
Bowerman who now tells us that he
favors ''economy In publio expendi-q
lures?" 7-. , . j. .
In short, are they to vote for the
Bowerman of the month of Septem
ber last past and of all time before
that, or for the Bowerman. of these
few brief day's In Octeber? 1 A
WHERH SHOULD THE NEW POST-
OFFICE BE?
O PINIONS SEEM to differ widely
on the question of the location
of the new postoffice. The
city has now a postoffice In a
central location, ; accessible on (111
sides. More space being necessary in
the building, a much larger and mod
ern structure could be put up on the
same site, and so room be found not
only for air departments of the post
office but for other government of
fices now scattered about the city In
rented , rooms and for fhe United
States court and its appendant of
fices as well. The citizens have
grown used to the postoffice business
being all done on the block between
Fifth and Sixth and, Morrison and
Yamhill streets. , Probably x the in
clination would be against a change.
But matters have gone far towards
the purchase of "Block S" and the
building of a brand new geneval post
office there, close to the railroad ter
minals. Postmaster Merrick favors
this, as is stated, on the ground ot
time so eaved and expense also in
the handling there of both incoming
and Outgoing mails. The present gen
eral postoffice ; would then . be te
duced tor a substation, where the city
mail might be distributed. A larger
expenditure of public money would
be involved, of course, but the citi
zens of Portland would probably face
this with composure, If it is made
clear, first, that Block S Is the most
desirable site, under the theory that
the move must be made; second, that
the government Is well, advised in
buying it, through the somewhat un
usual expert advice secured, at the
price asked,; and third, that in mak
ing the change improved service for
the community, rather than con
renience of the officials, has been
the first object.
HERE'S TOUR ISSUE
W HAT IS IN the Inner mind of
assembly lam, is revealed la
an article irom the Hood
- , River News elsewhere In this
paper, it says the late primaries
decided nothing as, to assemblyism.
It claims the nomination of Bower
man as a partial victory for assem
blyism. ., " ' 7 ' " : 7
With honesty and courage, the
News flatly declares 'that the direct
primary as conducted. In Oregon is
"a farce" and a-"swindle," It boldly
says that at the end lf the campaign
now on, we shall all have !lhe same
conflicting opinions," and the same
"abortive election law experiment,"
meaning,1 of course, the direct prt
mary. system. . . ; '
The News is a strong assemblylte
newspaper and throughout the direct
primary campaign made a vigorous
fight for the .assembly' candidates.; It
has been and ,ia a consistent foe of
the direct primary. It wants assem
blylsm and hopes et to realize it In
Oregon as - its article-! elsewhere re
veals. Since it and; allothej" assem
blylte newspapers regard ' Bower,-
man's nomination as a partial victory
ffdr-BSBembtyiBmw-haJ-vrflterhelr
claim if he should be elected?
TV nriqwar la easv.1 Every -jlujIi
newspaper will herald it as an as
sembly victory. Every - assemblylte
will set ud the assembly yell. The
news wf-Jl be teleKraDhed throughout
the country that Oregon has tired of
tho direct primary and elected an j
assemblylte governor. , j
Do we want it? Can" we afford It? j
Does Oregon deserve it? ,
Every lover of his country should
be glad that Senator La Follette Is
recovering after an operation on him
recently. He is a man who should
live and work many years yet. The
nation needs such men, , .
7' Anent City Council.
Portland, pot 13. To the Editor of
Th Journal: Tho city council is sup
posed to assemble, for tho purpose of
passing ordinances In favor of tho In
terests of the comndnwealth of the
city of Portland, but so far as the in
terests of the people of this olty are
concerned .they get no consideration
whatever at the hands of , the councIL
Instead of . the council being the serv
ant of the people, the people are treated
by .them wlth contempt The sooner
the council realizes that It Is subserv
ient to the people; and is elected by the
people to protect their jnterests, the
better It will, be for. n . concerned- ' ?
The councllmen have hold their places
So, long l through chicanery and other
means that' they have come to consider
themselves masters of the situation.
At the last meeting of lh council' the
citizens sent 1' a number,." ot remon
strances against Various proposed meas
ures," which, tf carried, will be entirely
Inimical to n.the.; interesta of k th tax-
tayers. but these complaints received ab
solutely no consideration, and every re
monstrance that came up was voted
down and the citizens given to under
stand they had to take what the coun
cil willed. Many of the citizens desired
to be present on the floor when meas
ures came up In which they 'were directly,-,
Interested. , but the council, had
stationed " at the door, a burly police
man,' Who prevented any citizen, not 4
member of the council, from entering,
saying that It was against the rules for
other than a member of the council to
be present during its session. ,
ow this rule would be well enough
If the people had any one in the coun
cil, to protect their interests, but under
the present, condition,1" Instead of the
people being proteotedV! the council
seems to think that the enly duty It
has to perform is to offer protection to
the contractorsand special Interests.
The people need expect no consldera-
tlon at the hands of the present coun
cil,, whose members have held their
places so long they have come to be
lieve -they can perpetrate any act, ' no
matter how flagrant, ' and the ; people
will have to submit to. It ' - ( J
xne sooner the citizens or this city
assert themselves and cut loose from
this thralldom the sooner will Justice
be done them. The people do hot want
politics, Jt snakes but little difference
whether a man Is a Republican or a
Democrat but what they do want are
men of ability, integrity and honesty,
regardless of politics.: The only way
the citizens of this or any other city
can get protection1 Is to place, sueh men
at the head or their city government
As it is now the citizens have abso
lutely no protection. .
Let me cite a single instance. On
Fourteenth and Montgomery streets a
block of bltullthlo paving lias just been
completed m front of. block "I.", The
work is so poorly done that the water
which accumulates on the surface runs
through It Uk a sieve. The specifi
cations call fbr a six-inch foundation,
but th depth of bavlng just mentioned
Is seftreely more than three inches. -My
attention having been call, tovlt, I
visuea me place last Sunday morning.
I did not have a rule to make measure
ments with, but I am sure It was not
more than three inches in death, and
put in in such a flimsy manner that I
could brush the foundation away like k.
so mucn gravel with the end of my
cane. . ,
The citizens of that Dart of the cltv
have sent in a remonstrance to the
council against this pavement but it Is
me general belief that It will receive
no consideration at the hands of this
body. All of these things are facts
which can be proven by hundreds of
citizens. Any one can see the pave
ment I mentioned for himself if he has
any doubts as to my assertions
THOMAS GUINBAN.
The Los Angeles Ilolocanst.
To the Editor of The JournafTh
possibilities obtainable for fighting a
silent guerilla war by the outcasts of
society are again made apparent in the
Los Angeles Times holocaust It is not
a matter of who did it; It is- enough to
know that it was done. If maliciously
enacted, it presages possibilities that
cannot be overcome by any ., mode of
combative defense known to society. A
time clock, a few sticks of dynamite,
and we hare an explosion, with a loss
01 minions or dollars' worth of prop
erty and its quota of human lives; and
the manipulators en route to B11
America, as the ease may be. , - The
stakes played for in each ease are your
property and your life, with n rnin
chance for my life, which is of so., little
vaiue as onen 10 nna easement in the
suicide route. .-;
'This class war cannot be fouarht wtts
armies or naval powers; nor can any
conceivable manner' of protection foi
life and property be enacted.
society la utterly helpless before thU
elf-created condition. The science nf
fighting physloal plague and disease, by
removing the cause, is olearly apparent
to every Intelligent person? but the folly
of fighting the moral plague of poverty
crime ana social disorder through tht
direct reverse principle is not even con.
ceived by our official managers and the
greet ana noble statesmen that grace
our legislative halls. They offer greai
rewards ror convictions and seek to
I punish the dlseasa . instead of reoon
structing society along the line of pre
ventlon and effecting a. cure. r,'
What of it, if the reward offered for
conviction -i In the. Times- disaster suc
ceeds in convicting guilty or innocent
parties and metes out the punishment
of death? ' la. the cause that instigated
it removed? Will not like conditions
reproduce like results? "Blind leaders
of the blind." Remove the cause ant"
get rid f the disease. If private prof 1
were removed and a publio use interest
Installed in its stead, could such disas
ters occur? , Do you, under the private
system steal the oats from your own
horses? Would not the incentive to de
stroy be taken away? A social idiot
would be able to see the folly of tht
present management Of society.
C W. BARZEB. : ,
Secretary ef the Socialist Party.. ;
1 Jay Bowerman---Harmoni!r 7
. From ' the Medford Mall-Tribune; L
"Whom the gods would destroy they
first, make mad.". . ,;: .!,--. -v. ,;,
Jay Bowerman, assembly , candidate
for governor. Is out with a two column
denunciation of - Republican t Senator
Jonathan Bourne in which he severally
Mills the Republican president's admin
istration and its'' acts, denounces the
Republican; tariff, and heaps inyeSMYt
and abuse upon tnose wno voted for It
What a plea for party harmony, for
6Mtharr-BoiiTTiriroTTttiii
this campaign,. The omlng legislature
has nothing to do with the electidn of a
senator, but the assemWy is an issue,
and so is lta contemplated attack upon
the direct primary and Statement One.
Acting Governor Bowerman seeks to
Letters From trie People
SINGLE DISTRICTS
Question Before Voters
-Voters of the state will have choice
between three systems of legislative
districting when they go into tlie poll
ing booths to mark their ballots next
November. By adopting an amendment
to the constitution submitted by the
last legislature they can require eleo
tlon of state senators or representatives
by separate , districts. . By . -another
amendment proposed by the W. S..
U'Ren and others, they can secure pro
portional - representation, - a radical
change based on the vote of the state at
large. ' By voting down both of these
proposals, the'' system will remain as
tt Is.
The purpose of this article is to show
the change that would be brought about
from the present system by adoption of
the separate district idea proposed toy
the last legislature, leaving the question
of proportional representation for fu
ture ;. treatment But' the voter should
bear In 1 mind that proportional repre
sentation involves the same question,
and If in favor of that he need not be
greatly concerned In the distinction be
tween the present law and the change
to election by separate districts. - ; -,
As the constitution and . laws now
stand the state is divided according to
population Into,, senatorial, and repre
sentative districts. In the more sparsely
settled portions of the state two or more
counties are required for one district
On the other hand, Multnomah county,
with six' senators and 12 representatives,
is entirely , comprised In one district
and the members of he legislature are
elected at large. 'In the ? recent pri
maries, for example, each voter In Mult
nomah had the privilege of voting for
19 - candidates for representative,- and
another Jointly, with Clackamas, i " '
The amendment under consideration
makes a change in section 6 and S of
article 4 of the constitution, the ballot
numbers being 808 "Yes" and 807 No."
It would effect Multnomah and every
other county in the state where more
than one senator or representative la
elected from one district. It would re
quire te. subdivision of such counties
and the creation of as many districts In
the state as there are senators or repre
sentatives. . v . District, fox- Each atan.
The1 leading argument. In favor of
election by separate districts is
thatln large. countlesland.parlIctt-
larly In Multnomah, it is Impossible
for the mass of voters to become ac
quainted with the qualifications and
record of all the candidates. If Mult
nomah were divided into 12 districts, it
is argued, .the voter would be able to
closely Inspect the record of the candi
dates for his district ana In tnost.cases
would be personally ; acquainted with
them, as they would reside in the same
section of the city. 7 " - 1
,. Oregon at the present- time has SO
state senators and 2f senatorial dis
tricts. It has 60 . representatives and
29 representative districts. Under the
proposed system it would-have 30 sena
torial districts and 60 representative
district Sr ' - "
Again, under the present system,
Multnomah elects six senators from one
district and acts With Columbia and
Clackamas counties in : electing a
seventh. ' Under the proposed system,
Multnomah wpuld have six districts
complete within Its borders and another
made up- of a portion of the county con
tiguous to either Clackamas or Colum
bia. . Marion is the only other county
In the state from which more than one
senator is elected except Linn and Lane,
whluh eacR have one senator ana dlvtdss
a third between --them. ; Cnder the
amendment submitted to the people,
Marlon would be divided into two dis
tricts and the joint district of Linn and
Lane, instead of "being composed of the
whole of both counties, would Include
only a fraction of each. 5
Sow Xt Would Work. - ,. i
Adapting the same system to the
house of representatives, Marlon coun
ty would be divided into five districts,
Linn in three, Lane in three, Douglas in
October 14 in History
The battle of Hastings, which waa
fought on Saturday. October 14, in 1066,
was one of those decisive engagements
which at. various periods have marked
the commencement of a new epoch in
the world's history. It waa a long and
bloody fight and resulted In the entire
defeat of the Bakons, Harold himself
being slain, and the result Was' to "end
the Saxon dynasty and give the control
of the kingdom to William, who two
months afterward was formally crowned
King of England In Westminster Abbey."
On the 28th of , September, 18 days
before the battle, , the Normans, with,
their leader, William; had embarked, to
tally unopposed, from their Ships at a
place called Bulverhithe. The future
conqueror of England was the last to
land, and as he placed his- foot on
shore he made a false step and fell on
his face. - A murmur of consternation
ran through the troops at this' Incident
as a bad omen, but, with great presence
of mind, William sprang immediately
up, and, showing his troops his hand
filled with English sand, exclaimed:
"What now? What astonishes you? I
have taken seisin of ? this land with
my hands and by the splendor of God,
as far as it extends it is mineit is
yours!" -!'-' -;: ' ' 7 '-' ' '
The Invading army then marched to
Hastings, pitching their camp near the
town, and sallying out from this en
trenchment ,to ? burn ' and plunder the
country. Landed on a hosttls shore,
with a brave and vigorous foe to con
tend with, all William's prospects lay
in striking a decisive blow before Har
old could properly 1 muster his farces
or organize hie means of resistance. ,
Arriving at Seniac, wnicn tne Diooay.
was destined to rechrlsten by the ap
pellation of Battle, . Harold pitched his
tent and then received, a message irom
William, demanding that he should
either resign Tils crown m favor or the
Norman, submit the question at issue
to the decision of the pope, or, finally,
maintain his right to the English crown
by, single combat with his challenger.
All these proposals were declined by
Harold, as was also a, last offer made
by William to resign to his opponent
all the country north of the Humber
on condition of the provinces soufh of
that river, being ceded to hlm-irt sov
ereignty. 7 : - -
blind the people to the real issue by
attacking Senator Bourse. Nominated
himself 'by the assembly, of which "he
was ringleader -nd bell wether, .whose
plain x purpose was to "put the knife
into each and all who declared for State
ment One," Mr. Bowerman now asserts
he will do nothing if elected to undo
the statement. .-
A candidate's future career must be
judged by his past acts. Mr. Bowerman
as acting governor lent the prestige of
his office and the strength, of his sup
port to the tsreatlng of the assembly and
its attack upon Statement One. As sen
ator, . he championed- the Mariner bill,
that' would have legalliiedTthe assembly
and restored the convention system. If
of the governor's office wtould not again
be used against popular government. ,
While Mr. Bowerman and the oppon
ents of popular government are willing
to promise almost anything to secure
the votes, their election will be claimed
FOR LEGISLATORS
to Decide November 8
two, Jackson In two. portions of Doug
las and Jackson would comprise another,
Washington - In three, Clackamas In
three, Multnomah in twelve, portions of
Clackamas and Multnomah would make
another, Clatsop would be divided in
two, Umatilla in two, Lincoln and a por
tion of Polk would form one district,
Instead of electing JblnUy from Lincoln
and all of Polk, Tillamook and a part
of Yamhill would be united In the same
way instead of Including all of Tarn
hill in the Joint . district, Coos
would be divided In the same fashion to
unite a portion of it with Curry, instead
of electing Jointly with all of Coos,, part
of Union would be cut off to unite with
Wallowa instead of electing Jointly
from the whole of Union, part of Uma
tilla would form a district with Mor
row instead Of being In a joint district'
Crook. -Grant Klamath and Lake would
be made lnte two districts instead of
one, Gilliam, Sherman and . Wheeler
formed into two in place of. one, while
Wasco and Hood River would each have
one representative, Instead of electing
two Jointly, ,
It should be understood that1 the ap
portionment above given Is not. In all
probability, Just the way the lines would
be run under the new, system,, as the
legislature would do the districting ac
cording to its pleasure, working under
the new census as a basis, which, will
no doubt Increase Multnomah's propor
tion to the total number. The devislon
above made is given as an .illustration
Of the way the new system would work
but, taking the present lines as a basis.
77 '': Chanoe to' Gerrymander. . ;
Probably the chief objection to the
single district plan is the opportunity
gives the legislature to gerrymander
the legislative districts. Legislatures
sometimes show great Ingenuity in map
ping out districts, so the party winning
a large majority in a county er district
may fail to obtain a inajortty of the
men to be elected from that county. ' -
A concrete Illustration of this is that
even without a gerrymander, It is prob
able that assembly candidates for the
legislature would have won nominations
at the recent primaries in Multnomah
under the single district plan, Taking
the county as a whole, no assembly can
didate escaped the slaughter.
Th People's Power league, Which fa-
amendment is strongly opposed to the
single district idea because it Is still a
further step away from the results they
have In view. The party in power Js
given a heavy advantage in opportunity
to so arrange the districts as to perpetu
ate itself in power against an adverse
vote ;of the' peopl.;-:"r"-f 77:777-z:
s 7 Contrary to yroporttonri Idea. :
One favorite trick is to consolidate the
vote of the minority party in a single
district by manipulation of the lines,
thereby making the majority party safe
in several districts. which would be en
dangered if natural geographical divis
ions were followed. The "Tomahawk"
district in Missouri became famous by
its peculiar formation, and both parties
have offended in various states when
they chanced to; be in power.
Proportional representation advocates
aim to secure an exact division of the
legislative strength - according to the
total, vote cast by each party In the
state. That system would give the Pro
hibitionists and Socialists jnembers of
the legislature, and would decrease the
ordinary Republican preponderance " in
this state. 7 he natural tendency of the
single district plan would be to give the
Republicans a larger membership than
they now possess. This, it Is argued, is
not in accord with representative gov
ernment a It produces inequalities.
It is pointed Out that in Oregon in
1906' the 64,O0a.Republlcan voters elected
69 representatives, while 40,000 Demo
cratic, Prohibition ana Socialist votes
elected only one. The district plan'ia
therefore, opposed on the theory it
I would ' produce still greater inequality
man mo present Bjraicm.
THe Battle of' Hastings .
On Friday, the 12th, the Normans
quitted Hastings and took up their po
sition on an eminence opposite to the
English for the purpose of giving bat
tle on the following day. A singular
contrast was noticeable in the manner
that the respective armies passed the
Intervening night While the Saxons,
according to their : old convivial .cus
tom, spent the time in feasting and re
joicing,, the Normans., after finishing
their warlike preparations, betook them
selves to the orf ices of devotion, con
fessed and received the holy sacrament
by : thousands at' a time. -
At early dawn the next day the Nor
mans were marshaled by 'William and
bis brother Odo. They advanced to
ward -the English, .who, remained firm
ly entrenched, and tbr many hours re
pulsed steadily with their . battle axes
the charge of the enemy's cavalry. Up
to S o'clock in tho, afternoon the supe
riority of the conflict remained; with the
latter. Then, however, William s or
dered a thousand horse to advance and
then take to flight, as If routed. This
strategy proved fatal to the Saxons,
who, leaving tholr position to pursue
the retreating foe, the latter turned sud
denly, facing about, and the English,
falling into disorder, were struck down
on every, side. Oh one of these, sorties
Harold was struck by a random arrow,
which entered his left eye, and. pene
trating to th .brain, he waa instantly
killed..; -7-Z"--': 7"' '
. Though by this , victory at Hastings
William of Normandy won a kingdom
for himself, it was not till years after
ward that he was enabled to sheathe his
word as undisputed sovereign of .Eng
land. , -
October 14 la the date of the battle
of Jena, in 1806.' Today is the birthday
of, James II 6f England (1633): William
Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania
1644); Samuel Johnson, the American
clergyman and author (1696); Danlol
Huntington, the American artist (1816):
John W. Watson, the poet who. wrote
"Beautiful snow". (1824), and James
O'Neill, the actor (1847). fit is the date
of the death of Harold, the last Saxon
king of England. (1066), and of John
Fhllpot Qurran. the English statesman,
in 1814, and on which General Nathaniel
Greene took command of the southern
army In 1780.
aa.a triumph, of the assembly idea.. . In
order to get the votes they are willing
to postpone the attack during the com
ing legislature because there Is not a
senator to elect but they would be
preparing the way, silently and secretly,
for the real attack, to be made-in the
legislature two years hence. ,
Brother Bowerman;
From the Weston Leader.
What has Bowerman ever .done for
Oregon? The most the .Leader 'knows
is that he endeavored to establish the
assembly plan by -law jit the last ses
sion of the legislature, and failed; and
that he endeavored to, kill the normals,
and succeeded. Also, he used to
tobacco Juice while fondly dreaming
dreams of political conquest Beyond,
this,1 his record is nil. He has a bull
dog aggressiveness and vaunting am
bltlon, but-, these qualities should not
be mistaken for statesmanship.
l
Small C!is::5
The people should own the docks. .
a
Npxt year's great crop is beginning to
grow. ,
Eowertnan
Is resorting to Hosperate
methods.
Now it is Justice Hughes.
Several
more are needed.
Now we have the avlatrlx.
She is
lovely, "out of sight" . .
. a
Occasionally the hizher un a man sets.
the surer he is caught. '
The Beavers will win out vet-in spite
of an enmltous umpire.- -.-rs
' ':'' - . a ...... 1 . ; '..iv .
Vote for municlnal docks. The arrow
ing anu jto be great city needs them.
a . ,
Roosevelt is on more travels, and is
talking most of the time. f , ,
... , , ....
The horses are -heautlful. - admirable!
but not so much so as the women of
course. 1
A cow. a saw t1b and a dozen hens, on
a little piece of fairly cultivated land in
Oregon, are a fortune. , , . ...
The world will not dlsaDnear when-
many years hence, we hope--Reosevelt'
yields to King Death. ,
a a
Chicago Tribune! Unmarried1 nersons.
says Laura Jean, are half souls. -What
are the , much-married, much-divorced ,
persons. ,, . ;.. A,- '
Maybe Mr. Balllneer's resignation will '
be given in the nature of a New Year's
resolution. -Atlanta ; Journal, 'y Or possi- ,.'
bly a Thanksgiving act. ; -,. h-xvlsw:'. ;-'f
Detroit Free Pressr A western man
nas given up gambling to . oecome
plumber. Tli
HIS, 18
what we.call .a.dls-
Unction without a difference,
a -a
Boston Globe: The "two candidates
for governor of New York were born
Glens Falls, less than a year and a half
apart, We shall look wjth interest for.
tne Giens Fans vote the day alter, eieo
lion, ..':. ;v, & :' t-fr'in-i' ':.''
A Knokane vounr woman has been '
raising potatoes to get money to Study
art The chances are 9 out of 160 that
it would be best for her - to keep on
raising ; potatoes and only dream : ox
"art" :.;;.'v,-'- . . ,-.-...
. , , v a 1 a .
Detroit News: ?WmiM the Demoorata .
have us abandon the Phillenines?" asks
PresidentvTaft in his Hotel Astor speech.
Well, as a place to drop f 100,000,000 in
haps too good a thing to abandon.
Moro Observer: L. W. Amick. a Kent
farmer," took 239 In bounties on scalps
of coyotes, etc., at the court house last
week. After paying his, taxes, iis.tb,
he had $2.26 'in, cash. -.-';' ';. , ;;: 1 . :v ...
Bandori "iteeorder: y A bear which was
oaught in a trap near Empire lately,
?nawed and twisted Off a portion or its
oof which It left in the trsp, probably
to show that it had been there, and is
now supposed to be "stumping" the
county for the assembly ticket , .
;;.;,-;,,;' ;' . ti'. !
a good man. and a farmer on whose
Judgment - we have relied, has quit
count of weeds, and will go, hence I
Knowing .001. wnencer . aajr riio ' -morw
Observer. -Neither can we point out any
direction more suitable to enterprising
rm operations. , , ,
.-' -7 'i
Bend Bulletin:. What are the farmers
doing toward raising cattle-, and: hogs
tor -next season's markmt? r A Redmond
man. paid 220 for pigs. last spring. IT
has already .sold enough to bring him
1100 cash and has five hogs left Their
care and feed is a very ' small Item
in conneotlon with a general farm.
Coos Bay Harbor: Trout, fishing' is
good now and as a result nearly every
body bas been out trying their, luck. Of
course fish don't bite for Just , every
body, they are bit particular you know,
but- with a little patience and plenty
of salmonn eggs most people Can get a
string, -"hi - . j.-t
At a recent round-up of horses at- the
Narrows, one of the brood mares .was
found to be suckling a good Sized young
antelope. The antelope was somewhat
wary, and ran away on the approach or
men,' and the mare ran after the young
ster, whinnying and giving every evi
dence of motherly devotion. .
Merrill Record: There was an Infor
mal dance after the picture show Wed- VI
nesday night the attendance being
good. There were more young ladies to
dance than there were young men. and
many or tnem oidn t nave as many
dances as they wished for lack of part
ners. Boys, don't letlhls happen again, -
Silver Lake Leader: Son-in-law Long- '
worth was nominated Judge at a baby
show, but his declination Was quick
and certain. There is faint probability
that he knows anything about babies,
anyhow, but he Is a politician and would
be rash to acquire the admiring friend
ship of one mother at the cost of the
enmity and undying scorn of the rest
of them. . , .
a a v-' ...
Does artesian water underlie- Harris--
burg? If not there Is certainly some
thing that comes near to if as was dem
onsfrated by recent experiments at the '
new city pumping station, says the Bul
letin. A well drilling outfit drove a
regulation pipe in the bottom of the new .
well, going down nearly 16 feet beyond ,
the bottom of the cement curbing. At ,
this depth a flow of water was struck '
which gushed out of. the pipe .for nearly
a foot . ,
' a a .
Such grapes as Charley Johnson ' is
marketing from his "'Bible ranoh"- on 4:
Gold Hlfl, tells the Gold Hill News,
Large and lusolous, finely flavored, and
growing in bunches that weigh, some
of them fully a pound and a half, these
grapes are no less a aeiignt to the eye
than to the palate. . They prove that
these southern Oregon hillsides now
for the most part in as wild a state as
they were before the white- man came,
are land which will some day command
high figures.
Little-Peterktn
(rWtrfboted to The Journal bv Walt u,u.
tb famoua Jiaoaaa pot.., Hla proaa-poamt art
regular featura of thii column U Iba D:if I
JunruaL) :'):(:, '.''-.
Come - hither, little Peterkln and
hearken to my spdel, - I'yes '.sat - artd '
watched you playing therewith ball and -hoop
and reel; and thrice your mother,
at the door, hath called you ' to Ijer aid, :;
tor she is busy' canning prunes, i knd
making .marmalade. And thrice ,ou
answered: , "I'll be therein Just a brace
of shakes," which answers, if not brazen
lies, at least were dlsiy fakes; and here
you play with hoop and reel, and gambol
like a lamb, while mother wrestles, wi,th
the stove and stirs her blamed wld
Jam. I. tell you, little Peterkln.' you're
starting life" all wrong; when Another
calls, a little lad should Una up for frer
strong. " You have a lot of years ahead
In which; to romp and play, but mother's
feet are drawing near the ending of the"
way. I've lived about a hundred yejrs,
and I've -forgotten lots; the memory t
carry 'round is kind 'o blank in spots; -but
I remember mother well, and wben
She called I flew and left my play, on '
eager feef her little chores to do;! and
had I done the other thing in those dim,
distant .. .years, . 1 aniiia -net epeak "of
mother now without eome bitter tears.
So throw away the ball and reel, .the v
hoop and skipping rope, and help your
mother feed the Stove and stir the boil
ing dope. -, -
Cura Uatthow Adams,L2JJk ' UatTiM