rilC OREGON. DAILY JOU
D. SATURDAY EVENING, OCTORE
101D.
THE JOURNAL
AJSPEPENPEXT NEWSPAPER.
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fOIEIGN ADVERTISIa HEPEF.SENTATJVE.
Benjamin ft Kentoor Co., Bucaswlck 2,ul'dln
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flnbeertptloo Tenni hjr moll or to eny addreaa
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: DAILY.
One jreat 13.00 I Oo month .89
. , . '.. SUNDAY, ,.
Oiie rta..,.....f2.50 I One month... I .23
DAILY AND SUNDAY. ;
; One rr.. 17.60 I One monta.,......! .69
3
The greatest" work has always
gone hand in hand with the nwSt
fervent moral purpose? -.gydney
Lanier. '
-3
GEORGE E, CIUMUERtiAIN
GEORGE E. CHAMBERLAIN Is
a. citizen of Oregon. Few Eden
In the history of the state have
. - enjoyed a wider acquaintance.
Few have been accorded, as general
respect, or as universal esteenu" Few
have been more ready ;td y return
friendship for friendship, to " etve
back esteem for esteem or have been
more steadfast In the discharge of
those obligations' that- man owes to
man. or citizen fawes to the state. '
Such is the reputation MrJ Cham
berlain has-always borne In Oregon.
. It was such a measure Of general
confidence that caused him to bej
first elected to the governorship of
the state. It was a splendid testi
monial "to him that he overcame a
heavy -adverse majority and secured
election to the position, ;;.?
Four years in the office brought
him a reelection with an increased
plurality, oyer one of the strongest
men In the state. They ere years
of an administration of which no
. voice was' ever raised in criticism.
No newspaper? attacked it, but all
newspapers' applauded it. In two
legislative Sessions, more bills were
vetoed by Chamberlain than had ever
been vetoed hy any other governor,
and the; wisdom of his Vetoes was
attested by. the fact that In, nearly
every Instance the vetoes were sus
tained by legislatures, overwhelming
ly Republican. It was the excellence
of his most "popular administration
to a second term. f .i
The loaning oL the school fund
which had hitherto lain In banks and
drawn interest that state treasurers
had pocketed, the recovery, by suit,
- t the state's 10 per cent ownership
governors had allowed to lapse a
general Reform of -the land affairs
. and "a. "dcie!" other1 measures that
worked for the general welfare of
the stater were aUiong. the1' adminis
trative acts that made Chamberlain
me most, popular governor la. the
- history of Oregon. , - - -
His rub'llc career, at Salem result
ed in .his elevation to the United
States senatbrship from Oregon. He
received 52,421 votes for the' posi
tion, or" 1522 more than his oppo
nent, a testimonial of reward by .a
- people for faithful service, such as
' has been rarely seen.
These facts ace all recalled by sys
tematic attacks of a personal char
acter that are being dally made on
Senator Chamberlain by newspapers
mat are righting in behalf of assem
blyism. They are attacks that were
cot made on Mr. .Chamberlain at any
time during his official life as gov-;
ernor, They are attacks that are made, ;
not for any act of Mr. Chamberlain's, '
nor for any desire to reprove Mr.
- Chamberlain for any failure or feult
in the discharge pf his private or
public duty.
These attacks are due to the fact
that a- faction of Republicans recent
ly held assemblies in this state. They
have succeeded in nominating their
candidate for governor. They are
bending heaven and earth to elect
this candidate that they-may subse
quently claim that the people' by
electing him have indorsed assem
blies. By some inscrutable process
of reasoning tbia -candidate and his
campaign managers have concluded
that the. way to help Mr. Bowerman
is to assail Mr. Chamberlain, not te
, cause there is 'anything to assail
Chamberlain for, but to wantonly as
ratl, attack, belabor aud malign him
in the distant hope that some aid
may thereby inure to Mr. Bower
man's candidacy.
... Mr. Chamberlain has manr thrm-
'" sands of friends in Oregon who bo
lieve implicitly in him. They are
friends who are devoted to him for
his sterling qualities, seen and
auuwu Luinugn many years or per
sonal friendship. They are friends
who will resent to the number ot
... many, thousands, the wanton, un
called for and malicious attacks that
, are being made on him for the sole
, reason and on the impossible theory
. that In so;ne way or somehow or
fomewhere they will be helpful to
' the' candidate, of assembly ism.
ASSAILING DIVORCE
.! MERICAN youth are turn
A -Ing ' criminals because
. Hi of Godless education.' The
laxness of her divorce laws
Is a" d 16 grace tA America."
Such, In brief are criticisms made
of American life by Cardinal Logue,
the distinguished Irish prelate, in a
recent interview. "Your marriages
are experiments onjy. You have ap-
. , . . . fit. . I...- - I A ' . .
pa many pa uuriMiaa iueaoi mar-
no home life. In the best eense of the
word is possible. . You are.degradlng.
your womanhood and making of your
men Lothario?." These were among J
thft- strictures 'kindly but firmly i
placed ly Cardinal Logue on some Of
our social institutions. .
Cardinal Logue is one of the nota
ble churchmen of his time. He was
recently on a visit to New York city,
where he attended the jubilee on the
occasion of lifting the debt on St.
Patrick's' church. It was at that
time that though unwilling, he suf
fered himself, to become one of the
figures ia the great international in
terviews now running in The Sunday
Journal. . ' ';' .. .. '
His Interview on divorce as it will
appear in tomorrow's ! Journal i,s a
striking indictment of our. divorce
laws. It is one of the strongest phil
ippics, against laji divorce that h'as
been uttered. Its analysis of the sub
ject penetrates to the .fundamentals
fln(i laya the subject bare in its every
phase. ;.;':-!"' -L' ;.
Many will differ and many agree
with his contentions. He. belongB,
lof. course, to a faith that is bitterly
oppdsed to divorce, & fact that to a
degree discounts the effect of .'his ex
pressions, i His dissection of the sub
ject is so masterly, however, that it
will attract the attention and respect
of those who . agree as well aa of
those who disagree with his opinions.
' THE NEW PROTECTORATD ;
HE ASSEMBLY is not the issue,
bor anti-assembly; The issue Is
the Integrity and preservation
of the direct primary. Ore-
gonian. - .
Think of the. Oregonlan as a pre
server and defender ot the "integ
rity of the direct primary 1" Foi one
moment, contemplate it as a fond
guardian, " shielding that law from
attack! Imagine it. as the special
custodian tenderly watching over
the direct primary an seeing 'that
the integrity of the direct primary is
not ruthlessly violkted, by the anti
assembly fortes!
Think of the Oregonian as a fond,
and affectionate protector ot the di
rect primary and then read what it
said but yesterday! Here it is:
: "Republicans of Oregon intend to
repudiate Statement. One. They" In-,
tend to suggest. in assembly or con
vention candidates for the primary,
and will put the knife into each and
alP who declare for' Statement One.
And if men of this class obtain nom
inations, every effort will be made to'
defeat every one ot them." , .
Such was the way the Oregonian
discussed the direct primary yester
day. Until Assemblyite ,.Bowerman
got the . nomination for governor,
"every effort" was to be "made to
defeat every" Statement One direct
primary candidate. What low brows
Indeed must the Oregonian believe
people to be when it tries now to
pose as friend and protector of the
"Integrity" of the direct primary.
And, think ot havlato elect Bow
erman in order toVrfeserve theiirect
primary." Bdwennan is the brigadier
of assemblylsm. He . went In with
Beach, Cohen, . Lockwood and -corralled
the delegates beforehand. He
went , at it In the old .convention .wax,
only vorse. He got delegate chosen
for himself in pertiaps 25 'counties
without a single. Republican outside
of the delegates themselves knowing
a thfng about it It was the boldest
game' of brace politics of ' the old
kind ever played in Oregon. It' was
worse than. the; wprst of vile con
ventionlsm. Think of Mr. Bowerman aa the
fatherly custodian ot the direct pri
mary. Think ot him as throwing his
protecting arnis around it and shield-
Ing it from thonslaughts of wicked
anti-assembly persons. Think of this
king of the assemblyltes, this field
marshal of machine politics weeping
salted tears lest harm may come to
the direct primary.
Three days ago, Mr. Bowerman's
campaign committee called hjm In
for consultation. A resolution was
pending before the committee, de
claring for the direct primary, for
Statement One, and against assem
blies. What was done with that res
oIutldh?Was it adopted as It should
have been? No. After counselling
with Mr. Bowerman, it was rejected
by the committee, and Mr. Bower
man by that act Is before the voters
of Oregon asking to be elected gov
ernor and plastered all over him Is
the record of the rejection of that
resolution, a resolution declaring for
the direct primary and against as
semblies. What a nice, fond, loving guar
dian of the direct primary Mr. Bow
erman would be. ' What a devoted
pair of protectors and preservers Mr.
Bowerman and the Oregonian would
lie. What ajplendld pair of protec
tors a-. couple of gray wolves would
bo for a band of spring lambs.
THEIR WATER QUEST
T
HE TROUBLES that have over
taken the people of Hood River
In the efforts to put In a water
plant are to be regretted. Their
attempt, to secure the best possible
water supply is most commendahle.
It Is both enterprise and -sagacity
Since we have learned what pure wa
ter means to' health and human life,
we are all ready to applaud any
city that seeks to secure a Water
supply that is above suspicion. Hence',
the sympathy that is naturally felt
for Hood River, or any other city
that meets with " obstacles In the
quest. . '
All experience and all knowledge
attest the value of pure water. For
any city not to seek It, Is io throw
humani life in, the balances against
dollars.' Portland1 with its reduced
death rato as aresult Of Bull Run
water Is a case of proof and there
are many blherB. . ., t .
The unfavorable Condition , of the
bond market has been a -serious
handicaD to Hood River's 'efforts. At-
tempt, to float city water' bonds on a
4 per' cent basis failed, as did a
similar attempt on a 5 per cent basis.
Bonds bearing 6 per cent interest
were finally resorted to and even
this' alternative r La3 resulted In a
resort to the courts with the city as
defendant In" an Injunction proceed
lS.r : "..''' v' i
As to the merits, or the pending
issue these remarks have no appli
cation. The point is, that Hood Riv
er wants the best water, should, have
the best water, deserves the best wa
ter and the public will be glad when
all difficulties in the. way of it shall
have been removed.
NEW YORK POLITICS
UJ2 INDEPENDENCE league of
New York seems to have . got
awayjtrom MrJIearst in his
bsenca. "There is not very
much of it, anyway, except.whon Mr.
Hearst Is a candidate. The Republi
can party in, New'.Yprk is in desper
ate straights, and needed the help of
Mr, Hearst and his league, but while
he was willing to aid the Roosevelt
party, most of the xest of the leag
uers seem disinclined, to follow; so
the result is still doubtful. ''
Mr. Roosevelt ' has 'apparently
picked out .an admirable candidate
for go'vernbr, a clean, strong, capa
ble , man, and no harm would be
done if he should be elected, as he
may be; but that would signify no
indorsement of Aldrlchlsm and Can
nonism, and the weeding out of dis
reputable o incapable Republican
congressmen would go on, just the
same. . ' ,;-.'..":" .
THE VALUE OF A FREE PORT
t-
I
T IS FAR from enough that cham
. hers of commerce, ehipowning ;
and seagoing men, heads of man
ufacturing and commercial
houses, importers and exporters do
ing business In, this city, and the
few men of leisure who have studied'
the. subject, should be ready to vote,
were It even as one man, in " favor
of public, and against railroad own
ership, and control, ot the Port of,
Portland, their votes count, but
only as units, when . ballots are
dropped into the boxes, t The solid
rank and file of the citizens, in their
thousands,- will determine the issue.'
Can it bo made so plain to them that
he who runs may readf
It is as free porta' that the great
maritime cities of the world have
grown and are growing still. Their
records have been freely open to in?
quirers and tell the same tale.'
Glasgow, Newcastle on Tyne, Liv
erpool, Bristol, Swansea, Hull, Car
diff, answer for Great Britain. Port
Adelaide for South Australia, Auck
land for New Zealand, Bremen and
Hamburg tor Germany. And this
list mentions but a few. ' Six of them
answer o ouf .conditiqnljin ' that riv
ers have had t6"be deperiedcleared,.
canalized, embanked. The others,
placed on, ocean or estuary shores,
escape these, necessities, but have
natural advaages as protected and
fresh water harbors. ?!
In every case but one, that is Hn.ll,'
the third port in Great Britain the
harbors are managed by harbor
boards on which ,tjle corporations of
the city the chambers of commerce,
shipowners and users of the port are
all represented. Their service is uni
formly unpaid, and a seat on the har-
! bor board is held as an honor. The
sums expended range from fifty mll-
linn lnllnra to flvA- hnr tb ppnnrtn
fegree ,Q twQ facts; F,rgt money
fo th lrnnroVfimpnt(1 ,9 Aaanv fonnfl
at rates of 4 or 4 per cent. Second;
the returns are, without a single ex
ception, progressive, and suffice, af
ter payment of interest,, current
working and maintenance, to' yield a
yearly surplus towards redemption
of the bonds, or for extensions or re
newals of the harbor works.
The yearly Increase from harbor
dues demonstrates the corresponding
growth of the commerce of the port.
And this Increase is, in " various in
stances, maintained . though harbor
dues are reduced.
Some of our doubting Thomases
may object that the cases cited are
of ports and cities centuries old, giv
ing ingress and egress for crow'ded
populations in both town and coun
try, offering no safe and Bane exam
ple for us. Let us then find room
for a short analysis of the figures
from Auckland,. New Zealand. The
comparison is in that case all in
Portland s favor. Auckland is the
chief port in New Zealand. Her harr
bor Improvement was begun in 1874,
with the proceeds of a loan of $75.0,.
000, taken at 6 per cent Interest. Of
this f303,500 remained due on Jan
uary . 1, 1906. Subsequent" loans
amounted to $265 ft, 000, but the in
terest on each fell to the level of
iVz per cent On a last loan of
$500,000 Jn 1906-7 only 4 per cent
was paid. This sum was borrowed
to replace with reinforced concrete
original timber structures. The .prop
erty In the hands of the harbor
board waB officially and in minute
detail examined and valued at the
end of 1905. The result is reported
to be an excess value of $1,919,505
on January 1, 1906, after deducting
all loans and other liabilities.
But the growth of net revenue is
shown to be fro,m' $63,490 In 1872,
in the early;, days of Auckland, to
$383,980; for 1905, towards which
sum harbor dues contributed $191,-
970. Value of imports-through' Auck
land harbor Is given for 1905 as $15,-
733,350; of exports. $13,217,475,
The returns of shipping are for 1905,
4290 steam vessels tonnage, 1,24 p,
525; 2345 sailing vessels, tonnage
129,556 arriving, and 4284 steam
.Ky.snla. toacagftJCUtAVaad-JUia
sailing -vessels, tonnage 1415,473 de
parting .; We repeat, the growth of
total harbor dues in each year is a
sate and certain indication of the de-
velopment, not only of .-the port lt
self, but of the city and wide dis
trict served.- Is not this an example
to bo noted? Compare with thesa
figures those given for shipping in
and out of the Port of Portland fpr
1909: Vessels entered 785, tonnage
867,633; cleared 777, tonnage, 863,
857; " The average tonnage of the
6hips,' 1108 contrasts with the
Auckland, N. Z., average of,' only
212 2-3, so showing the radical dif
ference in the traffic of the , two
ports: It seems a safe deduction that
the wonderful growth of the Now
Zealand port cannot ,be reasonably
expected to continue at past rates,
but the growth Of the Port of Port
land has only begun. . !:
.. Figures are dull reading, it is true)
but often bring, to light truth that
can be made publio property in no
other way. In the present case they
show" by example and analogy the
benefits ' Portland and Oregon : at
large may confidently expect from
the improvement of the port with
funds to be supplied by the publio at
cheap rates, and handled by a pub
lie body representing, hot a single
financial Interest but this city and
state, and citizens of. bpth, In this
and future generations. '
The obverse of the shield, depict
ing the Inevitable, results ot the oppo
site policy, is another story. ,
Letters From the People
Boost for Good Roads."
Foster, Or, Oct 7. To the Editor of
The JournalIn a recent editorial you
say: "If there Is any reason why Ore
gon should not raise all the hogs needed
for consumption In the state, w would
like to know It'.' Of course you did not
expect an answer, bflt I am going to give
our reason why we raise 10 In stead of
60 hogs. ' -, ' ' .'..'.;.' . "; . - . . -'
The breed of "hogs In this part of Ore
gon belongs to the scrubs. It takes much
feed to make a hog ot that kind, and
you haven't much hog after all. l have
watched ; The Journal advertising col
umns and the fair awards in hopes of
seeing, the name ot; an owner of , real
Poland China hogs, vut Yalled to find,
what I wanted. Hoga must be marketed
In:' the winter, and the roads are .atro
cious and It Is expensive to take a load
of hogs one day and be forced, to spend
the night and come home next day. Aa
yet there has not been found any rea
sonably cheap feed for hogs. Wheat In
this part of Oregon does not yield to
perfection, and at tl per bushel there la
too little profit in hogs, counting the
other expenses. Another thing: Many
of us. own small farms, surrounded by
road land, we have waited and hoped
that when.lt did come on the market
we could round out our possessions Into
hog farms, but our, hopes were vain. A
road land quarter adjoining us, no tim
ber, perhaps 29 acres of good land scat
tered here and there, not 20 In a body
on the whole quarter, the rest hills and
hollows, rocks and gravel, and - they
won't listen to less than 25 per acre
for the, quarter, so we must remain
small farmers. , That quarter would
make hog pasture, and that la about all,
but "It cannot. was," as Artemus Ward
would put it ,
But remember, that miserable roads
and A PQor kind of bog that are to&
long la maturing, and a hard kind to
fatten, . are a great drawback to hog
raisers. .
HEADER.
i Y. SL OV A. Room Rents.
, Portland, Oct 7. To the Editor of The
Journal The letter Of protest against
the raise n room rent with about 150
Signatures, has been made to the presi
dent and board of directors of the fort-
land Y. M. C. A.. If It receives the
proper consideration .'It cannot fall to
have the effect of bringing the rents
down to the old rates. The dormitory
was making money at the former rates,
and there was no good reason for having
the rates Increased except that of a
private corporation which is In the busi
ness for all the money that can be got
out of it. The policy of those in con
trol seems to be identical with that of a
trust hotel, charging all the traffic will
bear.
The Mills hotels In New York city are
an exception to the ordinary hotel. They
are charging rents lower than the for
mer rates at the Y. M. C. A and have
just as good accommodations,, and. are
also fireproof and . conveniently located.
The present rates at the Y. M. ,C. A.
make It .Impossible for a young man Just
starting out on his own resources to live
there. There are only a few rooms in
the building as low as $12, and they are
Inside rooms and not large, enough for
two, so that even If two men share their
room they will have to pay at least $10.
Most of the rooms rent for over $16.
Now take a man just starting out mak
ing say 145 a month. Ills room we will
say Is $10; association dues $1, meals
$20, car fare $3, only leaving $11 a
month for clothing and Incidentals, with
no show for any saving or amusement
Speaking for myself I wouldn't have
thought of paying $10 a month for a
room when receiving $7fr a month. I
tried to cut my board and room down to
$20 a month. I very seldom paid more
than $8 or $7 for a room, and had. no
roommate either. '
Now the Portland T. Mi C. A.' pre
sumably erected its dormitory to ac
commodate young men who are Just
starting out to make their own living,
aS well as those who are making fair
salaries. The present rates makes the
association- fall of Its purpose, as t
drives out tlie Very class. ot young men
whom It was supposed to help. '
JUSTICE.
v As to War Veterans. , .; '
Freewater, Or., Oct 8. To the Editor
of The Journal Please give, this space
in your paper andf oblige ah old friend
and subscriber to all old Indian war vet
erans. Boys, don't vote for any "man
for any candidate for congress of the
legislature who. won't egree.to work to
tho placing of all Indian war veterans
on the sam level With all old .soldiers,
both as to pensions and as soldiers of
the Grand Army. W blazed the road
for the rest of th people to settle this
grand state of Oregon. Hence we should
have' some recognition by the govern
ment . . JAMES N. W. BELIEU, .
y " -The-Initiative Measures. :
From the Rogue River Courier.
The Initiative is'ono of the most Pow
erful weapons that the people hav for
achieving their wishes. That, with the
referendum, makes It possible for , the
people to secure any law they wish.'
There has been much intemperate
criticism1 of these ' two progressive
measures. Reactionary Irreconcilable,
like the Oregonian, are constantly pro
claiming that no one ,can understand in
telligently all of the $2 ineasures that
will be voted upon at the general elec
tton. 1 -" 11 1 . '.'"; ' . '' ,; . "
With these great privileges that the
people 'of Oregon have there is Imposed
the obligation to , study the measures
so that they may come to an intelligent
uiwlttrstandlna: oi tham, ' - i
COMMENT AND
fiMALL CHANGE
October isn't so bad, after all.
Many" people are laughing at "party."
! ;
Roosevelt la always ready to be hur
rahed for. 1
, - .'. , ' :
Bowerman seems able to hire a "liter
ary cuss." . ... .. ,
e e . ,
Make assemblylsm odious by beating
its nominees.
..
Hop growers are not going to get very
rloli this year. .
.
Ballinger appears' to : be resigned,
though he hasn't ; '
. e. e v
It won't take many men to man an
aerial battleship. , -
. . , e . e.,; , '
It's well for the rest of us fellows
that farmers work.
EeffiS nominees don't have to spend a
cent or even look Pleasant
The, Pacific Northwest Is getting a
great and deserved apple record. ;
About 40,009 Oregon voters should
register yet this fall. Really, It Is a
duty.
' ' e '
The excellent work of subdividing big
Orejgol "' t0,n,r on ,n U B,irt9
, ' '
TJncle Joe is keeping pretty quiet these
days. He may not be absolutely sure of
reelection. . - . i
. . ; e . : ,
Roosevelt' would have , jnad a, rip
roaring evangelist, -if he had taken a
notion that, way. , '
j :: "',;'.,- '0 ::':,..-::;:.
BtimSon appears to be very oredlt
nble candidate for governor of New
York, but he has a hard fight on his
hands, .:: : . i .
Curious; & paper supporting Ha wjey
and at the same time fighting nearly
everything that Hawley stands for and
voted for. .., .
A California woman aged 81 years has
Just entered the state university as a
student Shrovidently believes that one
Is never too old to learn.
State Insane Asylum
One of the Questions Which
Eastern Oregon will be given a branch
of the' state- insane aslum if the people
In - November give approval to a bill
submitted to their vote by the last
legislature.- It (a the first application
of the -constitutional amendment adopted
two years ago whereby the location of
state Institutions in cities other than
Salem was authorized, : ;
Astern Oregon comprises a large ter
ritory, and members of the legislature
from that nd of the state united In a
call for a branch of the state asylum.
The legislature responded, but attached
to the bill a proviso, that the people of
the state should first . give their sanc
tion at the election of 1910. . .
The proposed law does not definitely
fix the location of the institution, but
requires it to be, within five miles of
either Baker City, Pendleton or Union.
The final selection is to be made by
the trustees of the asylum, the governor,
secretary of state , and state treasurer,
within .60 days after the act becomes a
law. V 4
For the purchase of a site and the
construction of the necessary buildings
the bill appropriates $200.t)00, or so
much, thereof - as may be noceBsary
This, appropriation also covers the pay
ment of all salaries and expenses of the
new asylum to January, 1919. -, ,
Mart Accommodate 60Q Patients. -
It is provided that the eastern Oregon
state hospital, as the new Institution
Is called, shall be built to accommodate
not less than 600 patients and planned
with a view to enlargement when
needed. The board of trustees is au
thorized to employ an architect to draw
the plans and supervise the work under
the direction ot the board, the board to
receive all bids and let the contracts,
The board Is also empowered to select
a superintendent and the necessary
corps of physicians and attendants upon
the completion of the buildings.
Another feature of the proposed law
Is the removal from the Salem asylum
to the-,. Institution of such proportion of
the patients as the board shall deem ad
visable, the selection of the Insane per
sons to be ramoved being the dutv of
the superintendent of the Salem Insti
tution. .
Proponents of this measure urge sev
eral arguments in behalf of a branch
asylum. It Is imperative that the old
asylum shall be enlarged or a new one
built, within a Bhort time, as the, asylum
has baTely kept up with the demand for
room and some of the wards are almost
always filled beyond capacity.
Arguments for the Measure.
Instead of building an addition at
October 8 in History
On Sunday, October 8, 1871, there
broke out a fire in Chicago which raged
for several days and is unparalleled In
the histpry of the world for a similar
conflagration. The fire originated in
a Bmall fram structure in the rear of
137 DeKoven street, which was uaed ,as
a cow stable. "It was discovered about
half past 9 o'clock In the evening by a
policeman, -when it was very small, , and
who, hoping to extinguish It without
sounding an alarm, set himself at work
to do so a fatal miscalculation, as the
result sopn proved. " A strong south
westerly wind was blowing 1 the time;
no rain had fallen for several week
previous, and consequently all combus
tible matter was preparea xor reaay
Ignition.
Chicago was, at that time, a .cusj or
wood, with th exception or theDuslness
center. " The start of the fire is said
to have been caused through the acci
dental upsetting of a kerosene lamp
while Mrs. O'Leary was engaged in milk
ing a cow. This barn stood In a region
composed' mostly of shanties and the
fire spread rapidly, very soon crossing
the river to the south side, and fasten
ing on . that portion of the city which
contained nearly all the leading business
houses.
Some buildings were blown up with
gunpowder to prevent Its spreading, and
which, In connection with the strong
southwest galet prevented , the extension
of the flames in the south. The fire
swept on Monday steadily to the north,
including everything f rom! the take to
the south branch, and then crossed to
the north side, and taking in everything
from the lake to the north branch, it
burned northward for a distance of three
miles, where it died out at the city
limits, when there was nothing more to
buin.i
The total 1 area of; the land . burned
over was 2100 aores. Nearly . 30,000
buildings were oonsumed; 100,000 people
were rendered homeless; 200 lives 'were
lost and th grand ttal ot value de
stroyed, Is estimated at $200,000,000.
Of this' vtst sum nearly one half was
covered by Insurance, but under the tre
mendous losses many of the insurance
companies were forced to th wall, and
H.I.K) IrttA llmildntlrin "and fh victims!
of -ree5ftnagratmnf efiWere
about one fifth of their aggregate losses.
-If the great fir was an advent with
out parallel In Its dimensional and the
magnitude or lis aire results, the char
lty which followed ltywas equally an'
"1
NEWS IN BRIEF
ORE COX' SIDELIGHTS
Crops better every year In Oregon.
Hazing: at the state university seems
to be of fectually abolished. Not only
is hay.lne done away with, but also
largely the desire for hazing, reports
the. Eugene liegister. -
.
- The 26.000 trout fry that were re
cently received from the government
from a Washington hatchery, were taken
to Lost creek Monday by Guy Winfrey
of Kompp Brothers' barn and carefully
put into that stream, relates the Med
ford Tribune. There were a number of
dead onesin the cases, but the most of
them struck out for themselves, and In
a few years our sportsmen will be feed
ing on them. ! ; v t
. .:-,;: . :. , . v.;-
During the storm on Sunday night a
scow loaded with wood that was lying at
the KnapDton mill wharf was swamped
and about 40 cords of wood were lost-l
says the Astoria Budget. The1 scow hart
been loaded preparatory to towing It to
Brookfield. Owing to the force of the
wind the water along the north shore of
the river was very rough and a raft of
logs. In the Brtx Logging company's
boom waa broken up by the swlfters
parting, but all of the logs were saved.
---m. .'-,;'.
A. man's club of ' the J Presbyterian
church of Medford has bfn organized.
Magazines of the best character will ba
kept on file and any man or boy can go
any evening and enjoy, the hospitality 0f
the club. Later on It Is proposed to put
in games and writing faculties. The
room will be kept comfortable, and it
Is hoped that a goodly number of the
young .men will take advantage of the
opportunity to associate' with good com
pany and read good literature, reports
the Mall-Tribune. ,
. ' v i-yv'.-' - ':::'..
- The loss Is not nearly as great as waa
first reported, as much of th. timber
that was .reported dead is not dead but
will continue to grow, says an optimistic
stats exchange. For -Instance, there Is
one. claim which will cruise 10,000,000
feet which was reported entirely killed.
The cruisers say the loss will only be
400,000 feet- and many other claims will
show an inconsiderable loss. The real
loss Is thought to be batween 40,000,000
and 60,000,000 feot instead of 100,000,000
aa was first reported, and this is not
real loss, for It will be logged off in a
few years and much of It saved.
in Eastern Oregon
Voter's Must Decide Nov. 8.
Salem; it is argued, a new building in
another part of the state is deslrabl.
as the. first cost would be little more
and there would be a saving in mlleagu
and expenses of attendants, who have to
travel irom (Salem to remote parts of
theT state for their patients. .
Another argument, for an asylsm in
eastern Oregon Is that many- of the
patients would b benefited by a charge
of climate. The dry climate of eastern
Oregon, similar In many respects" to
Colorado, would have a favorable ef-'
feet on many of - the patients, it Is
urged. As matters now stand there is
only one piaffe to send an Insane per
son. ; ' ..
The Pendleton Commercial club, the
Union Commercial club and the Baker
Commercial '. club, representing the
cities In one or the other of which
the branch asylum would be located,
have Joined In an argument lrf favor of
the bill submitted to the people and
appeal .to the voters of western Oregon
to give support pointing out that eas
ern Oregon's legislators . have never
been, grudging in loyalty to western Ore
gon Institutions. '"""''"7' "
;$r.4 1. Objeotioas. to the' Slaa,,,.
; Opposition to the eastern Oregon
asylum proposal is, not organized and
rests principally upon the theory that
state Institutions should remain central
ized. It is contended in this behalf
that one corps of physicians and at
tendants, organized under on Buperin-
tendentf will do wetter work and work
more economically than a double set of
officers. New wings can be added to
the old asylum, it Is argued, as they are
needed, without the expense of purchas
ing new grounds and making the Im
provements required by a new site.
There are now about 1S00 patients at
the asylum, with a steady increase In
the number each year with the growing
population. The , last biennial report
afcUia secretary or state shows the cost
of-the institution (all purposes) is about
$500,000 yearly. At the last session of
the legislature a new central heating
plant was ordered, taking the place of
the antiquated methods of heating -in
use. It has ieen about eight years Blnce
the last wing was added to the old
building.;. y .' :,.:;y
Oregon's neighbor states have , more
than on asylum, and. the example of
others Is also pointed to by the advo
cates of the measure as illustrating
what Oregon should do. California has
six asylums, located Iri different parts
of the state, Washington has two and
Idaho has two. - " . r
'Tlie Great Chicago Fire
rivalled in its extent All the civilised
world appeared to Instantly appreciate
the calamity. Food, clothing, supplies U
or every kind, money, messages of sym
pathy, etc.; began pouring in at once
m a stream that appeared endless and
bottomless, j
It was believed by many that the fire
had forever blotted out Chicago from
the list of great American cities, but
tne spirit or ner people was undaunted
by calamity, and; encouraged by . the
generous sympathy and help from all
quarters, they set at work at once to
repair their almost ruined fortunes, and
the city came up from, its ruins far
more palatial, splendid, strong and Im
perishable than before, and is today the
second largest city In the opuntry.
In one sense, the fire was. a benefit
Its Consequence. was a class of struc
tures far. better than before.
Thousands. of the people lh the burned
district fled far out on the prairie, but
Other , thousands, lees fortunate, were
hemmed in before they could reach the
oountry, and were driven to the sands,
a grtiup of beach hillocks fronting on
Lake Michigan. . These ' had been cov
ered with rescued merchandise and fur
niture. The flames fell fiercely upon
the heaps of goods, and, the miserable
refugees were-driven Into the black
waves, where they . Btood neck deep In
chilling , water, scourged by sheets of
sparks and blowing sand. When Tues
day, October 10, dawned, Chicago had
passed through the greStost and most
disastrous .conflagration on record.
The burning of Moscow in 1812
caused a lobe of $150,000,000. The great
fire of London In 166 1 devastated a
tract of 86 acres and destroyed 13,
000' dwellings, but that of Chicago swept
over 2100 acres and burned close to
20,000 dwellings. The area consumed
contained about 73 miles of streets, -
On October 8 the. treaty between the
Unlfed States and Holland was signed
in 1782. Today Is the birthday of Jdhn
Clarke, "father, of American Baptists'"
(1609); Dr. John Hoadley, the English
dramatist (1711) George Abernethy.
Oregon pioneer (1807); John H.'Reagan,
postmaster general of th .Confederacy
i ei e TnVit, trat, ".-,'..,...
' "noise of th
lev (1II2SV. and Kflirftr W RnUn tha on.
thor (1858. Today 1 the data' of the
death of Flenzl, the Roman 'tribune
(1864); Sir Richard' Blackmore,' the poet
(172S): and John Hancock (1733). . '
l'i'" ' -"--1
TANGLEFOOT
; By Miles OverlioU
THE SADPKST WOFwPS. '
Well, so Inns, folks; It's me tor play;
I'm going bauk to yesterday
To- yesterday and the day before,
hack, to the Was a few davs mmi.
Hcclc to the .woods for a wetok of rst,
From the dally grind and the so-called '
- -'jest , '4
I know you're sad, but-sadder yet
I this: I'm coming back you bet! ' .
' A NIFTY LITTLE PUZZLF.
(An algebra for the best solution.)
Algie was a burro . - '
: , And he brayed around all day;
In barn or In the furrow,
You. could hear x plus y, etc. - '
. . ... i . t.if
" " SCIENCE NOTE. ,
If all the people who are at this mo- -
me nt thinking of purchasing a. new hat ,f
wcutd concentrate their . minds ' they '.
eould move .Mount McKinley to' eight,
miles south of Houstonr-TenaSi -
AMUSEMENTS FOR A RAINT PAY' ;
Imagine yourself a pair of dumb
bells and ' run yourself through -
wringer. ; " . T .. . "
Ih vaudeville a baseball team
Composed of dogs brought -forth '
scream.- .''-,? -v-1" " i.
I'hA-i Yiwno . salA" "ThAiiA Antrm of . mine
Are rightly named they're my K nine." '-"
CURB FOR GROUCH. '
Ed.
Tanglefoot;
I gotta cure for grouch. Idea Is to
go put .in the fastness (meaning slow- ;
ness) of the' mountains , and camp out!-?
Cure IS, you'll, soon become so disgusted '
with evervthlnir that when vou-'get back; v
the bad thlngs'll look good. I JuBt got '
back "and the first thing I did was to
give the bad boy next, door, who breaks ,
my windows -on the off side of ' th
house, a quarter. , OUS T. j.
,:;.,.; Industrial Water Supply.'
' From, the Iron Trade Review., '
The government census figures now,
being published from ay to , day ar g
surprising 'even usually welt Informed,,,
students : Of municipal; progress. if yTb;
wonderful : growth of communities , in
the last 10 years has astonished, the. ..
countny. Even the 'casuaU observer,?
however, has been impressed by . th
fact that the most amazing -Jnoreas
has been recorded by industrial com
munltles, those In which mahufactur
Ing has been the chief occupation at
the - people. Those industrial ..jetties :
have shown the mpst progress,.; from.
the standpoint of th census , taker,
which have encouraged their industries,
hav made them fit places for worklrtg-Vj
men to live and rear their families.,,
havey furnished manufacturers every t
reasonable inducement to locate , their ;
works or to enlarge the plants already"1
established. These are some o.f the un
doubted, msons , for the wonderful;,,
growth ot the city of Cleveland; 1. e.. It 4
Is a good place tor worklngmen to live,
hence there are skilled workmen in alt ;
lines to be found here; and It is, there-
fore, a good place .to manufacture; be-;;
cause skilled men are to. be .haJ.- ex- .
cellent shipping facilities are to be cnT
Joyed, and lastly, there Is an adequate f
water supply ready St hand. The same, ,
reasons apply to other cities , along, thi r
great jaKes. i a
This question of an adequate, jsupply f
oi waior ior inuusirim jiuipuoe i -nuv f
engrossing the attention of manufaeV
turlng communities both east and, west,
north and south. Cities are ' waking s
up to the fact that, While their growth
and progress depend upon the success,,
and consequent growth of their lndus-rj
tries, so, conversely, the growth: of jj
these industries must braided by. th.
community itself. An ample supply of
wa'ter Is demanded by. every industry -worthy
the name, even if It be , noth-
Ing more than a saw milt - The,trf ,
roendous daily supply actually demand-.
ed by a modern steof plant, with it.
various merchant mill ' adjuncts, Is as-.-tonishlng
to the layman.
. Assembly Was Packed.
From the Albany Democrat
Former Senator C. W. Hodson, of
Portland, In a communication to The .
Oregon Journal, tells how the cherished '
and lamented "assembly" was "paoked"
for BOwerraan by enemies of th direct
primary law. He says: ia
f'The assembly also came In for a
great' deal of criticism. When it was
first announced there would be an open
and free onvention, ;many ot us who)
had fought the good fight of years ag
to overthrow the system which made of
fice holding In Oregon a matter of per-?
sonai favor on th part or the man in
control of the ""party machinery, , were1,
induced to participate. It became ap-y
parent before the work was completed,1
howeve, that delegations had been so-'
llcjted and secured prior to the opening-;
and that candidates who Intended plac
ing their names before the open meet
Ing had absolutely no show of win-,..
nlng an lndonsement I do not say first
class men were not chosen In each liW
stance., but the method , smacked toA
Strongly of the old System.- So, Instead
of being a help to those securing Ite in-r-dorsemenfthe
assembly really acted as.
a handicap. , No assembly can ever again
succeed i which brings in delegations
pledged In advance. ' That practical poll
ltlclans will ever consent to the holding
of a convention of unpledged members
seems now beyond possibility s V
'-. Yet Bowerman, leader, master and;
packer of the repudiated assembly,
comes before the , people and asks an
Indorsement of the assembly and- Its
methods, and its purposes, by his own
election as governor. .- r
. Encouraging for West.
Th nomination Of Jav ynftwarmnn 'l
looks extremely encouraging for the
Democrats to elect a governor inQregon
this yeaf. TJswald 'West is'the candi
date on the Democratlo Bide,' and there '
appears to1 be no obstacle to- him an
nexing the Insurgent Republioan vote to
hi party, which could thus eastly-wia
over Bowerman.
(Contributed to The Joaroitt br Walt Maeon.
the fsmoui wnii poet. .Uii prose-pocmi tr 4
regular tetffur ot thla column x Ih Dill
Journal.) . ' ,
Some man Is always before the crowd,
the nation's hero, of whom we're proud t
We . yell and dance when we hear his
name, we swear he's gathered immortal
fame; we find his picture on every page
when the papers com to our hermitage. '
end our heads swell up for a' half a mile
if the great man gives us a pleasant
smile. 1 But the man who's making this
country great is not a fellow 'of high
estate. He doesn't" ride In a. palace car
ana tell the crowds what his plpedream
are. . He doesn't hold thatrthe corner
roclf" ef th government Id a massf of
talk. - He does his work and he saws
his wood; his life Is clean and his credit
m . . 1 Ll . ...
guuuj no iuvcb mo iiume una ne loves his
wife, and he doesn't yearn for the cir
cus life; he pays his debts and he goes
to church, and helps the neighbor who's
In i the lurch, i He dorsn't lecture his
I tellOW man. wr
renew man, wnos "o.yhtlsdojag
world's applause,, his .hands are, busy
and not his Jawsi he walks through1 life
with a fearless trwd, and dies at last
like & thoroughbred. -
4oiyrlhi, luiu,. br 1th .
Umttt Mattbew : Adama, I
The Goo! Citizen
iMIM