7,
THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 21, 1910.
'J
- i.
THE JOURNAL
i! JNDKPBNDENT sewspapeh. '
C6i JACK80X PablUbrt
pTJbJ4ia1 try ewntnf extpt; Sunday) ana
RnnJr ornlii at Tba Joornal P J
' Inr, Fltta. and tamMl! atwta, I-erUand. Or.
Kntn-wt at tbt poatofflee at Portland. r-. f
trammlMJtn Uirouj Ua taalto aecond-claaa
matter. ., " " '
TELEPHONES M! TITHt HolBa, , A-WM.
All daiwrtroanta riehd br thaaa nnnibffra,
Tll tiia operator wont department yon want.
tORFIG ADTERTI8IXO REPRF.SKXTATIVB,
BanJmf it Kantoor Co., Buroairlrk Building.
825 Fifth ayi-oi)., Sew Sorti WuT-OS Boyca
buUdlnf. Oilcago. !
FuharrlpM.m Ternia bt mall or to any addrlNU
ta tha United State, Canada, or Meiko:
, .;.:.- DAILY.
One year. ...... .13 00 On month. ..... . .BO
SUNDAY.
Oot yr. ...... .1150 I Ob montb........ .23
DAILY AND 6DNDAT. ;
On yr.U... IT.60 I One month.. ......t .
I don't think much of a man
who la not Winer today than he
was yesterdayr Abraham JAn-
, coin
AGAIXST rOSTrOXEMEXT
c S
PORTLAND business organiza
tions have gone on record as
opposed to a postponement of
- the public docks' election. ( The
action was participated In by com
mittees from the Taxpayers' league,
the chamber of commerce, the Fed
erated Trades and the chamber of
commerce trustees. It is a formid
able array of business people. It
comprises men and organization- of
importance s in this town. It is a
voice to which Mayor Simon and the
city council can well, look for wise
counsel. .V." y
The Journal deema it, wholly In
advisable to postpone the submission
of the docks-amendment. The peo
ple of the city want : these public
docks. - Portland needs these docks.
There is "literally no reliable . argu
ment against the plan. The testimony
of all experience, all i experts, all in
vestigation and. all cities favors the
plan. ; Every city that has ever tried
the system or that has ever studied
the system deeply la' an' exponent
and advocate of public docks." The
only objectors are those who want
water fronts monopolized for their
own selfish purposes, or those -who
have hot delved into ihe merits of
the Question. ' - .
- Portland has learned to her Bor
row how public projects may be sub
jected to delay. It is more than
three years now since this city first
voted a bond issue for public docks,
and we are now exactly where we
began. The tiresome litigation, the
obstructions by selfish men, the com
plexity and Immensity of the under
taking, the ramifications of various
and conflicting interests, are among
the factors in delay, and there are
others. , 4
. Meantime, Portland Is growing.
The value of Portland waterfront is
advancing. Daily, the ultimate of
the undertaking becomes more diffi
cult. The real beginning should have
been made before It was launched
three years ago, J Postponements are
always disadvantageous and always
costly. Every consideration is on the
side of the earliest possible action.
The public bodies Insist that . the
bonds, amendment should be sub
mitted at the election November 8,
and it 1b advice the mayor and coun
cil will do well to follow. None will
so welcome postponements of the
matter as will the enemies of public
docks. , ' .,.'-';.'''':-'. '.. "V.".'. .
TEACHING IMPROVED FARMING
H ARMING processes and methods
are being much changed .and
. greatly . improyed in many
, I- parts of the country, this im
provement helng due largely to the
educational work of the agricultural
department at Washington and the
various agricultural colleges and ex
periment stations. The main phase
of improvement is in increased pro
- duction, but In many Instances there
Is improvement In Quality; as well as
in quantity. This Is true not only
of fruus, but even of grains.
The old haphazard or. ignorant
methods are passing. There are dif
ferent ways of plowing and plant-
'Ing and the new wayB, as Investiga
tors, experimentors . and demonstra
tors have discovered, will enormous
ly increase, will in many cases,
'double, present or former yields.
These students and teachers have
demonstratedjhese facts, and many
farmers of the country ' are sitting
up and Metering and learning. It, is
' being learned for one thing that the
' season is not an absolutely control
ling "factor in fixing the yield of
? crops. By knowing how, a farmer
j can ; raise jgood crops in spite of
drouth or a surplus of rain.
For years the . government h'as
. maintained experiment stations, but
J'1 the new educational movement takes
wthe instruction to the homes of the
farmers themselves. The aew work
is done not on government land but
on the farmers' lands, and It Is car
( rled on not by the government agents
'., but under their instruction by the
, T; farmers themselves. Most of this
work is so far confined to the south
, ft; central stateB, and in many commun-
. lues a wonderful transformation has
been wrought -A meeting la held
perhaps in, a rural. schoolhouse and
the plan Is unfolded. The farmers
j become interested and accept the
,v community Instruction of the expert
, 4 agriculturalist, and next ' year, and
Uweafter,' greater and better crops
- sro raised. "As One inBtance it is re-
lated that a Texas farmer, after
'.learning how, raised $4000 worth
1 of cotton and corn on 30 acres, 15
; . of each, in spite of a long drouth.
vtstod crops worth but a few hun-
dred do!Urs.
, The railroads are also doing px-cdU-nf
work in educating the farm-
ers. showing them how. And some
of the schools are doing work among
the children that will become very-
effective after ; awhile la teaching
them knowledge of agriculture and
Inducing them to take an Interest in
it and to like it. ;,-.'.
BEACOX SIGNALS
IN THEIR time, the recent ballot
- verdicts in Maine and Washing
ton were discussed in The Jour
nal. "The "result In Maine was
ascribed to lack of a direct primary
through which dissatisfied Republican
voters could make proper expression
of their own sentiments within their
own party. Machine control at
Washington and Augusta gave them
candidates and policies they could
not support, and they voted the
Democratic ticket. The Incident was
exploited as a reason why Republi
can voters In Oregon must stand by
the direct primary or be ready to ex-l
pect here exactly such results as took
place in Maine. On this page is an
article from the Philadelphia North
American; one of th.e leading Repub
lican newspapers of the country.' Its
interpretation of the meaning of the
Maine election Is exactly the same as
that given by The Journal, and It
ought ; to ave large weight with
those who do not realize how Import
ant it la for all Republicans to op
pose the assembly scheme In Oregon.
Equally prophetlo was The Jour-.
nal'B interpretation of the meaning
of PoIndexterV landslide In Wash
ington." in that state, the Republi
can masses had a direct' primary
through which they could express
their sentiments, and they,.: went
unitedly and overwhelmingly against
machlnlsm and "business" oligarchy.
It was precisely the same battle that
anti-assembly Republicans are fight
ing for In Oregon and the applause
that awaits . them If they win, is
seen from that bestowed on Wash
ington Republicans by the Chicago
Tribune, one of the foremost Re
publican newspapers of the coun
try, ' in an article republished on
this page. :
Oregon . Republicans have tad
much to guide them in this conflict
The result In Maine, the result in
California, the result In Kansas, the
result In Wisconsin, the result in
Iowa, the result In Washington,; the
result In New Hampshire, and the re
sults almost everywhere, are as bea
con signals, pointing the way, It Is
a succession of victories for people's
government over machine rule and
Big Business domination. It IS al
most as If the hand of the Almighty
had interfered In the people's behalf.
It i3 a succession of splendid object
lessons tq Oregon people of how they
ought to vote and why.
THE VOICE OP liA FOLLETTB
THE VOICE of Senator La Fol
lette Is against the Oregon as
sembly scheme. In a telegram
, , to Charles J. Reed, he says:
."Every vote is vital in this great
struggle to bring government back
to the people. I am deeply Inter
ested In your success and confident
that no man will win who favors any
assembly or convention device to
break down the Oregon primary."
No man doubts Senator La Toi
lette's motive. ; No man questions
his honesty. Only Big Business and
boss politicians doubt his judgment.
He says every vote will be vital In
this great struggle to bring govern
ment back to the people. In effect,
he says that no man should win who
favors any assembly or convention
device to break down the Oregon primary.-"
- ---. --
No man more than La Follette has
fought the battles of the masses." No
man has a deeper knowledge of the
need of bringing government back
to the people. No man la bo sternly
convinced that it Is better worth
while to give the small man a-llv
ing than the big man a profit. " It is
a life of devotion to such ideas that
resulted recently in a Bplendld votexa-Beach are the team. Theyare
of confidence with a plurality of
nearly 100,000 that his .common
wealth recently gave La Follette. It
has been La Follette's public career
that has been a beacon light to Lin
coln Republicans, holding out hope
and promise to them, for many
years.
It was through the Wisconsin di
rect primary that La Follette con
structed that he was able to bring
Big Business and Us machine allies
out of the places of special privilege
and reduce them to the levol of
other folks in Wisconsin. It' Is his
personal knowledge of the value of
direct primaries to a people that
causes Senator La Follette to oppose
any "assembly or convention device
to break down the Oregon primary."
HI3 telegram to Mr. Reed is his voice
of appeal to every Lincoln Republi
can In Oregon to oppose the assembly
ticket next Saturday.
CHURCH STATISTICS
F
IGURES . ON church statistics
are being made by the govern
ment, but as ' they were ' col
lected four years ago, church
suunoriues ciaim tnat about one
fifth should be added to them; for
these figures indicata that, contrary
to quite a common belief, church
membership is growing, Instead of
decreasing. Froih later data than
the numerical information .it ? is
learned that in four cities, Boston,
Louisville, Providence and Fall
River, 60 per cent of the population
or more are in the churches. The
her 1 wtrHUiecfire
Toledo, Memphis, Omaha and St Jo
seph, only 20 per cent of the people
of the latter city being church mem
bers. No explanation for such a dt
vergence is available. Cities having
over 50 per cent of their population
in churches are Pittsburg,' Detroit,
Buffalo, New, Haven. .St. Paul, Syra
cuse, Scranton and Worcester; in all
other cities, the proportion Is less
than half. The. proportion of peo
ple who attend church Is about one
third. Of the 24,000,000 young peo
ple who attend school, 15,000,000
go to Sunday school. ,
The money Invested In churches
is rapidly increasing and has dou
bled in 16 years. The investment is
$1,700,000,000 and about $80,000,
000 a far goes into new churches,
fhese sums do- not Include church
schoolhouses, . hospitals or . parson
ages.' It costs about $300,000,000 a
year to maintain the churches,' in
cluding mission and charitable do
nations. Nearly $10,000,000 goes to
foreign missions, $40,000,000 ; to
home missions, and $100,000,000 is
given to a variety of objects. .
The salaries of preachers averaged
In 1 908 $663 a year, and they aggre
gated . $70,000,000. Unitarian min
isters are paid the most, $1653;
Episcopal clergymen next, $1517,
and so on down to $227, paid to col
ored Baptist preachers in the south,
Many ministers In large cities are
paid all the way from $000 to $15,-000.-
The churches of the, country
comprise a big institution.' ' .
COUNT 'EM
T
WENTY-FIVE, persons, , count
'em, 25, attended : the assem
bly meeting In South Portland
last night At Hunter's hall,
Sunnyside, an anti-assembly meeting
addressed by George W, Joseph' and
Henry McGinn, was packed to the
doors. .The aisles .; were . filled, the
corridors were . crammed ,andthe
overflow of the throng extended out
into the open entrance. Two other
anti-assembly meetings were crowded
.with, big audiences.
The growing opposition to the as
sembly scheme is expressed eloquent
ly in the outpourings of people to
hear the gospel, of good' government
The .voters resent the assembly In
sinuation, that . they haven't sense
enough to select fit candidates for
office,: and; that they don't know
enough to choose United States sen
ator. They resist the -assembly
claim that government ought to be
.by a few high brows and that all
others are low brows and ought to be
governed." - ,
While the regular or old guard
of the New York Republicans antag
onistic to Roosevelt and his policies,
may control the forthcoming state
convention, as their leaders claim,
they will do so if at all by a narrow
margin, and It Is safe to assert that
the rank and file of voters would be
disappointed and displeased at such
a result, and will resent It at the
polls. A significant Incident of the
primaries yesterday was the defeat
of Vice President Sherman as a can
didate for delegate In his own assem
bly district and even In his own pre-
clnct When a vice president of the
United States cannot be elected a
deleeate to a state convention by hts
home people, the voters are certain
ly becoming insurgent
The period of time prescribed by
the interstate commerce commission
during which the Southern Pacific
might not raise the rates on lumber
from Willamette valley points to Cal
ifornia having about expired, that
corporation issues another raised
tariff just as high as the one set
aside by the commission two years
ago. The rates are just as unreason
able now as they were then, as the
commission will doubtless declare.
But to get another decision will take
much time . and some money and
meantime the mills may have to run
at a loss or close up, as some of them
did before. Trust the S.P. to charge
11 the traffic will bear. But It may
charge more than it will bear.
Boone Cason, who poses as an
anti-assembly candidate for senator,
believes in team work. , He, C. N.
McArthur, the Oregonlan and Bene-
the "little assembly." Cason is run
ning for senator on the anti-assem
bly ticket, and McArthur for the
same 'Office on the assembly ticket.
Cason's "stunt" la to draw votes
from George W Joseph, the real
anti-assembly candidate for senator,
and thereby help McArthur. And
the Oregonlan and Seneca Beach are
helping - Cason get anti-assembly
votes. .There's your, team. : ;
Still down they go. Present indi
cations are that Representative Taw-
ney of Minnesota, long in congress,
chairman of the very important com
mi tee on appropriations, and one of
Cannon's leading and stuanchest
supporters, has been defeated for re
nOmlnatlon. Everywhere it is the
same. ' The same story of defeat for
Cannoolsm and high protection and
representation of the interests In
stead of the people comes from every
state from Maine to Washington. ,
Big Business and the People.
From the World's Work.
The regulation of railroads and the
restraint of corporations these are the
eubjects of more legislation ftnd or more
(Jiscussion, and the cause of more hopes
and of more fears and of more business
disturbances, than all other subjects
combined.; We have had much legisla
tion, national and state, more agitation,
endless discussion, a financial panic
sensational trials and decisions,' and vio
lent fluctuations- in values; and there
are cases pending, In the supreme court
whose decisions are awaited by the in
dustrial world as of possible revolution
ary importance.
Tet few men, even tef the greatest in
dustrial grasp, seem to see ' the real
meaning of thlr eveMncreaslng aglta-
ulea nor with decisions of the courts
nor with potitlpal programs; and few
political leaders seem to have a clear
notion of It. . . . . .
" irditftrlnl magnates will tdlyov
that business. conditions wpuld be jbuuiiJ
" ') - ' ' k .. f
and satisfactory if our' lawmakers wouU'
b qulot for a tlmo. : "We have toe
many laws already.. Etop for a while.
Give , business ; chance." Tet t
amendments that congress so laborious
ly made to the railroad laws have little
practical meaning. No railroad manager
and no citizen seems to know of any
very great change that these amend
ments brought or seem likely to bring
AU tula agitation and law making
ana amending, then." and tha lawsuits
brought by f the government, and the
court decisions are all these mere pid
dling ana meadimg and demagogy? or la
there some large, .clear principle toward
which the agitation la tending, even In
Its ilgzajr ways? There Is suuh a prin
ciple,, slowly-and awkwardly as we get
at It : kT-;. .:';;.,,. .' , ,.;.;,, ,-
Favors J. II. Lewis. .
Portland, Or., Sept 21. To the Edi
tor of !,The Journal 1 wish to second
nymt heartily the. suggestion of Mr.
John T. Whistler, made In yesterday's
Evening Journal, that the name of John
H. "Lewis for the office of state engi
neer be written on the ballot at the
primary election for, that office by all
Democrats. Te Democrats, as I un
derstand, have 60 nominee, but outside
of this fact Mr. Lewis Is not only en
tirely competent, has given satisfaction
in the past, but Mn the administration
of his office has not Only exerolsed
good judgment and eernmon sense," but
has always evidenced the highest' sense
of duty toward ttie publto and the pub
lic Interests. He : Is Just the. type of
man the people should be glad to have
serve them. I sincerely hope that all
Democrats will take pleasure !n follow
ing Mr. Whistler's suggestion, who. hlm
self has always exhibited 'the; same
high devotion to duty, and Whose ad
vice Is perfectly safe to follow. in
JOSEPH N. TEAL,
Esperanto. , ' r -Chicago,
Sept. II. -To the Editor of
The Journal Doubtless you have long
ago formed your opinion as to .the mer
its of Esperanto, the international lan
guage. X hope that it is favorable; but
as there la much irresponsible criticism
of Keperanto, especially on occasion of
the recent international convention In
Washington, I want to offer an oppor
tunity for every thinker to Judge for
himself, t have had prepared 140,000
.brief grammars of the language In
pamphlet form, and will send one free
to any person, who la sufficiently In
terested to ask for It, enclosing stamp
for reply. I think it really due to this
great ? movement for an international
auxiliary language, whlcn now embraces
60 nations In Us scope, that you . pub
lish this letter, so that your readers
may have the opportunity of Judging
for themselves.
' ARTHUR BAKER.
Editor Amerika Esperantlsto;' .
700 E. Fortieth st, Chicago.
The Meaning of "Washington.
From Chicago Tribune, Republican.
... The growth of progressive Republic
anism Is proved strikingly once more
by the primary elections In the state
of Washington. The campaign for the
senatorshlp nomination was made by
and on behalf of one of the most rad
ical of the Republican congressmen,
and the issue of Balunger was con
spicuous In the fight. .
The situation in Washington Is pro
foundly significant A state hitherto
under the control of the same type 6f
politics as California and Oregon' were
for many years, and as the pocket bor
oughs of the mountain, states still are,
Washington has been filling up with
a population which is of too high a
level of intelligence and character to
be long dominated In that way. Like
! Kansas, or its neighbor Oregon, it Is
developing ah efficient democracy, The
orchardist and small landowner, the
well paid workman, and other Ameri
cans of the reading, working, thrifty,
independent type have been settling up
what was the wilderness.
This Is not a cbmmunlty to-be ruled
by a railroad corporation, a mining
magnate or a lumber trust. It is a
community capable of self-defense and
self-government of - far-seeing self-
interest and of wise political policy.
In such communities progressive Re
publicanism, which Is merely the prac
tical will of the American people to
make our democratlo Ideals and prin
ciples effective in fact, has Its source.
Poindexter's radicalism does not fright
en the people of Washington. They
prefer It to government by Balllnger
and his associates. It is the choice
between democratlo self-government
and a business oligarchy. ,
Dark Rooms of the Tenements.
Bailey Millard In Technical .World
Magazine.
"Let in the light'." Is the slogan of
the men. and women engaged in tene
ment house reform in- New York, It is
hard to believe, but It Is nevertheless
a fact that on February 13, 1908, there
were in that city 101.277 absolutely win
dowless rooms, most of them bedrooms
Inhabited by , the -poorer classes, those
who pay rent of S3 to (18 a month. Be.
eaae- otlte strenuous efforts of "the
tenement -house committee of the Char
ity Organization society In securing and
enforcing the tenement house law the
number of wlndcrwless rooms was re
duced to about 90,000. Think of it, you
dwellers in spacious, sunny suburban
villas, 80.000 rooms without any sun
light whatsoever save that which en
ters by the door that admits the person
who goes into It to eat deep, to work,'
or to sit about and enjoy himself s best
he can! Some- of these 90,000 rooms are
In cellars, some in attic, and others are
distributed about on intermediate floors
acoordlng to the fearful and wonderful
designs of that most hopeless of all
human habitations, the dumb-bell or
double-deck tenement house.
Most hopeless? Yes. because the man
who lives in a cave can at least enjoy
privacy and silence and air that Is not
contaminated by the exhalations and
nuisances' of his fellows; the man who
lives In a tent can pull back the. flap
and get air, and the man who lives la
an Igloo can cut as many vents in Its
walls a he chooses and have as much
light and air as he wants and at any
time he wants it
We are wont to think of London as a
city where nflserable millions are orowd-
ed into uncouth and unsanitary ouar
ters, but London's greatest density of
population is less than 600 to the acre,
while in New York there are blocks and
blocks waere the density is 1000 to 1500
human beings In that spaoe. In Chicago
the population of the polish quarter, ac
cording to Robert Hunter's report; is
three tunes that or the most crowded
portions of Tokio, Calcutta or ther
Aslatio cities, ana yet the density rarely
reaches 500 to the acre, or only one
third to one half that of New , York's
packea-in population.
Both New York and Chicago have far
worse tenement bouse conditions than
London, the worst, congested city in
Europe, while ach of hese 'American
cities still permits the building of the
deadly double-decker, which In New
York is more often the sextunle-dekAr
allowing a density of 1300 people to the
. , U .. r. a M11 - .
acta, Kim, ,uvii4,n miia, mm IBSVeu 1 Dy
b teei ae4e. n
"When groping my way In the pas
sages," says a frequent visitor to the
tenements, "I usually imitate the-steam
craft in a. thick fog and give a danger
signal when I hear some one approach
ing; anu even more when all is silent
Letters From tke People
COMMENT AND
. SMALL CHANGE
This haan't tinon T rid Inn summer, but
just summer. - -
. v a
Prntnrtlon tit,, tha nnor much more
than the rich.
Albert Abraham will have a hlrh
place on the ballot
Looks like the Democratlo party was
coming to Ufa again.
We think the reonle will vote for the
dock bonds, all right
Holdinr uo automobiles Is a new
phase of an old industry. -. . -
- a
Many people would not care If all the
motorcycles were destroyed.
, . ' " " "
Now the work of bulldlnar the great
Broadway bridge will be begun.
,-.'.. ' .
There's something from or about the
Irrepressible Roosevelt every day, .
Several thousand Multnomah voters
did not, register foi the primaries.
No. Roosevelt will not run for gov
ernor of New York. He is no fool.
'Ruhnlnr for office is a hard Jot), but
a 'good many men, seem to like It
Evidently a lot- of old hlah tariff
Interest serving Republicans "can't
come back" V''; : ' -' - '
. ,:. . .. e i ? , ...
Yet being rich and a senator. Lorlmer
still has many friends, and won't have
to eat alone. s .v V;. , ,; .
'The tariff lair annears to be aulte a
success." savs tha Los Antreles Times.
Yes, for the trusts. - ,
It seems to neonle who stick to the
ground that those aviators and balloon
lsts are nervy fellows. .
A man who tried to ret an assembly
nomination and failed doesn't deserve
any anti-assembly votes. - , '
This Is a flht for decency tn noil-
tics as against bosslsm," says the
colonel. May decency triumph.
The hats of the fall are to be in two
classes, "little and hlgh"iand "low and
big." But as to price, they will all be
"high.- .
William J. Bryan Is keeotnr very
quiet, these days. . Perhaps lie thinks
Roosevelt is doing enough talking for
both.
-. -
A Michle-an 'woman 80 years old has
just registered as a student in the Ohio
university, tme is never too ota to
learn. , -
. . v. n , .viol iiau vm ..v.
prohibition, Maine may become wet, It
always has been so In fact though not
legally. ' -
Both England and the United States
claim to have won a victory In the
fisheries decision; ao both countries are
satisnea. .
The trouble with "Sheriff Bob" Chan.
ler was that he was "madly" In love
with a very beautiful woman, but one
without any "heart." ' .
Seattle either has a much larger popu
latlon .than Portland, or its voters are
better registered. The registration
there Is 47,493; here It is 89,270.
The first proposal to elect United
States senators by a vote of the people
was made in 1787 while the constltu
tion was In process of making. : It has
taken 123 years for the idea to become
partially operative.
1
September 21 in History r
On September 21, 1485, Hernando
Cortes : was. born at Medallln, Spain.
The jOharacter of this explorer, whose
adventures In Mexico are still related
as a vital part of its history, was rather
complex. He seems to have been not
only grasping and avaricious, but also
singularly liberal. , Like so, many per
sons of high-class families whose for
tunes dwindled, Hernando was destined
for the study of law, but disliked the
profession and turned adventurer.
His first Journey into the great world
took him to Santo Domingo, when he
was 19, and here he remained for seven
years, . When Velasquez was sent to
conquer Cuba, Cortes went with him
and did such good service that he was
rewarded With a large estate and was
made the Alcalde of Santiago. '
One of Velasquez lieutenants had
discovered Mexico, but had made no at
tempt to occupy It. This enraged the
governor of Cuba and he placed under
Cortez a fleet of 10 vessels, with 700
men and a supply of cannon and horses,
for" the conquest of the newly discov
ered territory.
It was on the site of Vera ,Cru that
Cortez landed, and that city was found
ed by him. He found that he had pene
trated Into an empire where wealth and
honor awaited these who could grasp
the situation of conquest. So he deter
mined to win all this for Spain.
Marching to the capital, which is
the city of Mexico of today, Cortez was
received with hospitality by Montezuma.
But suddenly the head of one of his
soldiers ha had left 8 1 JTera Cruzw&8
brought to the capital, with the news
of a successful attack upon that place.
The people had found that these were
not gods, .but men. v
Cortez loaded Montezuma with chains
In his own palace, burned alive before
the palace gates those men who had
attacked Vera . Cruz and only spared
Montezuma when he swore to be only
a subject and a faithful one. to Charles
V of Spain, and after paying Cortez an
enormous sum in gold and precious
stones. ', : '".'--'.' '.-'
- Time as It - passes has shown that,
with all his cruelty and oppression, Cor
tez was mild In his methods when they
are compared with what the Azteo trlbea
inflicted on each other-. - -
There is one standing monument to
Cortez In the City of Mexico, and that
is the Hospital of Jesus, which he
founded In 1527. It stands on the
street that was the road over which he
marched when he first entered the cap
ital of Montezuma. ' ,
t proceed with caution, for mors than
once 1 have stumbled against a baby
that was quietly sitting In the dark hall
or on the syUrsV '-.
Voters Should Inform Themselves-
From th Sheridan Sun.
Some of the state papers have given
the advice to their readers that when
not familiar with the measures to be
voted upon to vote "no." Other papers
have gone still further and advised a
"no" , vote on very measure creating a
new county. , This may be good counsel
but the Suit' doubts It' " It Is always
assumed in a criminal action that a man
is innocent until proven guilty, and the
rule should also hold good that a voter
la ; intelligent until he proves himself
otherwise. Very few. If any, of the 33
initiative and referendum, measures Can
not be understood after a full exercise
of the God given -faculties donated to
man. .Every votershould know his own
desires, and while men honestly differ
In opinions, that Is no reason for a fail
ure to decide Intelligently upon ques-
twnrarrs-TOtieapetrtrTlec
me
for the benefit or .detriment of the peo
ple generally. It is likely if a man has
no Interest in a question to Vote no, but
even then he would do better to. refrain
from 'toting and let the matter be eeU
tied by
those who are interested.. No
NEWS IN BRIEF
. OREGON SIDELIGHTS ;
: An apple near Weston weighed two
pounds. '
Cottage Grove fruit drier is doing a
large business on prunes.
Perfectly matured and well developed
strawberries are being sold.
- t ,- a a ' "
' Over 4000 visitors have registered at
the Yaquina Heads light station,
t ' - .' ";r " : ' ' v
Wheat yielded 50 bushels and oats 60
bushel-an acre In the Nehalem val
ley. a
Several Lane county apple growers;
will get $500 an acre from .their or
chard. . . .
. 1 - .
A 4-year-old girl lit a match In a barn
near Ruckles and house and barn with
much hay, grain and other stuff were
burned.
-;.";'. :-;.';...4."-:.'.,.;
An' apple weighing 80 ounces and
measuring 17 inches In circumference
is the product of a 6-year-old .tree near
Sherwood, .
. s-
Horse stealing Is strongly condemned
by everyone in this community,' and the
actions of suspicious persona will be
closely Watched,
a. a. -.. .
A-tract of 375 acres two-miles east of
Cottage Grove' will bo placed on the
market In five and 10 acre pieces. Every
tract will be irrigated. . , j ;
The Llvesly bffj'sof Polk county bad
last week a cijew of 850 picking hops
and were scouring the whole country
to find at least 100 more.
' Bear are' reported to be more numer
ous than for many years in the moun
tain breaks and canyons tributary to the
head waters of the Umatilla river. ..
In Yamhill the political pot botleth
not and the voter treadeth his silent
way unprejudiced by the persuasive pol
itician, remarks the Sheridan Sun.
The Increase of 'deposits In Yamhill
county banks the past year has been
3476,944.94, and for the two and a half
months preceding September 1, the in
crease has been $75,075.62.
On 20 acres' a man near Milton has
picked 6000 crates of prunes, has mar
keted 800 boxes 'of peaches, and will
have 2000 more boxes of fruit, y He
picked four tons of peas and three tons
of beans. :'
. ;;. : ' ,
; Apple growers report one of the best
crops for. years both for quality and
quantity. All along the railway .lines
are found trees which are propped up
to keep the limbs from breaking, so
heavy are their loads. , ' - v
A Glendala woman who' raises many
chickens has a couple of posts up In her
yards with a Steel trap on each, and
when. Mr. Hawk swoops down to take a
seat till he can pounce upon a chicken
to his liking he stays there. ; ' .
'. , . - '!.: . " '
A Washington county farmer says
that Irrigation has proven a success
and that he has now used water long
enough to profit by experience. His
pump has thrown 600.000 gallons of
water every , day H was working, and
tills means a great deal of water. A
fine crop has been the result
a
A Chehalem farmer went to work and
made a threshing machine of his own
with a 12-lnch wood cylinder and fan
attachment for cleaning the- grain. The
motive power was furnished by a gaso
line motor which he already bad. and
Khls crop was taken care of in good
snape. ----- . - -- -r -
- Tlie Mexican Conqueror
v He endowed the hospital with a
hacienda In Cuernavaca, and the de
scendants of Cortes till have a voice
In 'its control. '';,,;. . -. -.,.
It Is well Xo remember that the first
schools, colleges, museums and hos
pitals on the American, continent were
founded by the Spaniards. The first
printing office on this continent was in
Mexico, in 1536. Tha first university
was founded by the Spanish Crown in
1651,. In the City of Mexico, and Is
now the national conservatory of music.
On the site of the first school on this
continent, founded by Spain in 1524 for
me inaiana. stands today the National
Academy of Art. The national prepar
atory school, with perhaps 1000 pupils,
was tne, towage ot Ban . Eldenfonse,
erected by RDanlarrtn in 1719 Th.
tional library occupies the splendid old
cnurcn jma convent or St Augustln.
There are mors than 200,000 books In
this Institution.
In 1824 the rreat TTnmhnM , v
hp city of the new continent, not ex
cepting those of the United States, had
such scientific Institutions as those of
the City of Mexico.
After years of service for Spain Cor
tez suffered from the InirmMtiia
princes Invariably show, One day, after
a long penoa or neglect ana refusals of
audience with Charles V. Cortez Jumped
on the steo of tha emnnrnr'a mrplm n
demand a word with him.
"Who is i this audacious manr ex
claimed he. . ' . .
"I am the man-JSTio-has given you
more provinces than your ancestors left
you cities," said Cortez. After that In
cident he never tried to claim recogni
tion from Spain, but spent the rest of
his life in almost enttre seclusion.
On September 21. 1638, was signed the
treaty of peace with the Narragansett
Indians; Wesleyan . university was
opened at: Middletown, Conn., In 1831.
The battle of Monterey, Mexico, was be
gun In 1846. : Today Is the birthday of
Francis Hopklftson, the lawyer and au
thor (1737); James Jackson, Georgia
statesman . (1767) ; ; Louis Bonaparte,
king of Holland . (1778); . Douglass
Houghton, physician r and naturalist
(1809);NAbraham H. Cassel, the antlqua
rlan (1820),' and Brigadier General
Michael Corcoran (1827), and Dr, Ed
ward KDalton, originator of the ambu
lance system (1834). It is the date of
death of Edward U of England U327U
Emperor Charles V of Spain (1558), and
Sir Walter Scott, novelist (1832). ,
voter should shirk the responsibility of
assisttng in maintaining our Institutions
of government, and when questions of
moment arise, as some of the 82 are,
none should be turned down for want
of understanding of their import
, Will Be Snowed Under.
' From the Stayton Mall. . J
If the sentiment In and about Stayton
Is any Indication of the feeling: over the
state, the assembly ticket will be snowed
under at the primaries to be held on the
twentyfourth. There Is. no mistaking
tne reeling or tne people or this sectior
against the assembly movement. .While
the plan may have some merit and
might be acceptable were It a part of
the primary law, the voters apparently
do not propose to see it established
without the formal sanction of law.
There Is no, question that among the
people generally there is a conviction
that the assembly Is the first move In
a plan to overthrow tha. primary law
and undo much of the direct legislation
that has been enacted in thlaata.tfll
uniosa mere is a remarxaoie cftanne in
sentiment the assembly ticket will be
knifed all along the line, notwithstand
ing tho fact that in many cases the as
sembly nominees' are better fitted by
training tna native ability to serve the
people than their' opponer-
TANGLEFOOT
By Miles Overholt
HUCKLEBERRY PIE.
Sometimes I sit and ponder, as the days
go swlftlv b. .
X wonder if again m tests a huovie- .'
t berry pie . '
It seems so long between the tastes.
.When autumn csmes at last.
I wait in mild expectancy; for twenty .
oays I rait
In preparation for the treat the lus
cious, dripping; Die-
Of huckleberrios, bitter sweet; in. ec-
stacy I cry .,- . .'
For more and more and moro and more.
I think of childhood days ' -
When we dispensed fool poetry, for Suoh
are childhood ways.
I 'member how we used to say, our faces
Till awry:
H-U-huck1,! :-' '
B-U-buckle.
- Huckleberry pier
ADVENTURES OF IKE CANOPENER.
, En Tour,
' Dear sir: Fellow here gave me tt to
kill a frayed remnant of an obsolete ca
nine (meaning a yaller dorg). I took
said dorg to the suburbs and gave him
to a man who was hurrylnr away from
tne snerin. The dog oame back.
But I had the five. So the guy told
me to go kill the dog, and do tt blamed
quick. Took said dog to the woods, tied -him
to a tree, shot at him, bullet out
rope, dog vamoosed. ,
Guy said to kill the dor or he'd out
little Greek remarks in my person. I'd
spent the f lye, you see. So X took ths
dog to the woods again. Was 'going to
chop his head off. Just as I raised the
ax the poor old hound looked at me in
an all dog gone - manner and ths axik.
vui iu rop jlob; ion.
' After dark I meandered baolc Guy
was sorely tried. You see, I'd spent the
five. Guy said It was the" last straw
and he guessed he'd have to kill me and
reed oit to the hogs.
Well, believe me. I went after tn An.
Led him up a trail to where some min
ers were blowing up rock, Tied dog to.
eight sticks of dynamite. There was a
c-r-r-a-s-h! in about half an hour the
dog dropped, lit a-runnlng and went
nome. v r . . . ,;'
I've always matched eight men against
one thirst. That night eight men
couldn't have led me to town, but ths
tnirsi aia. - r
Guy met me at the city limits. : -"I
forgive you," he says. "Any time,"
he says, "a dorg of mine can took both
you and death In the face four times,"
he says. "I'm willing, to call a halt
Come on and have something."
IKE CANOPENER.
The Meaning of Maine.
From the Philadelphia North American.
(Rep.)
' Th message of the voters of Mains
to the nation is the same as the mes
sage of California nd New Hampshire,
Kansas and the Plymouth Rock district
of Massachusetts. It lathe message of
revolt 'against bosslsm, agalnt , special
privilege, against the corrupt and op
pressive control of party organizations
by Big Business, -Maine's message Is'
the message of Insurgency,
Maine overturns a Republican guber
natorial plurality of 7900 and gives a'
Democratlo plurality of 8500 the first
In SO years. Maine kicks out two hide
bound Cannonltea and sends Democrats
to congress .from the old rock-ribbed
strongholds df Dtngley and Blaine.
Thomas Bracket Reed's Gibraltar dls-
trlct will be represented by a Republican -by
grace of & few hundred votes. And,
for, the first time since 1863, a Demo
cratic legislature will choose a United
States senator from Maine.
Yet there are Just as many honest
Republican voters In Maine today as
when the normal Republican majority
ran over 20,000. Maine Is not Demo
cratic, Maine Is insurgent ,
The sentiment "down east Is funds-'
mentally . identical with fthat of Iowa,
Kansas, Wisconsin and California,' The
only difference In Maine was that the
the "silent voters" the plain people,
who have been reading and thinking and
consequently have become progressive ;
could find no leaders In their own party,
no Republican candidates to vote for1
except stool pigeons of privilege and
servants 9 the discredited bosses.
Just as "he Insurgents of, New Hamp-
' " ' " .... .
j".Wg Iff
anire,. wiinin party lines, Drone tnj- -
trans-la h flirt tit tha tvrant Aftrnin.
tlonlst railroad vupon New Hampshire's
government and commerce, so ths Maine
Insurgents broke party lines as their
sole possible - effective protest against -l
their state continuing to be the vested
property of a - party organisation that
la a Wall street asset , .
From Maine to California there) Is not
a "safe" standpat stronghold of spe
cial privilege. The people are tired of
being plucked and plundered And de
ceived by the political tools of Big Busi
ness using tbelr threadbare phrase of
'loyalty" and "regularity." i
Everywhere they will vote for pro
gressive Republicans when they can.
But when suoh leadership Is lacking
they will express tha same principle By
accepting the administration's order, Is
sued from ths lips of Mr. Wlckereham, -to
..leave tb .-party, 'z-,:,
... ... ... i-
Silverton and vicinity had a very fine
fruit dlRplay, especially applea, at the
Btate fair. " , 1
Justice Is Blind
(Contrlboted to The Journal by Walt Maaoo. '
tha famom Kanaua poet. Hla prot-pomi ar,
regular teatura of thla columa li The Dill
Journal) -,f. . ,
1 spend my weary days in Jail, and O.
the hours seem sad and long: I lean -against
the bars and wall, and gaae
upon the passing throng. Why are
these fetters on my "legs? Why "do I
sleep on mouldy straw I sold a man
two dozen eggs that would not pass
the pure food law. - The peelers cams
then to my store and smote me roundly .
with their staves, and cast me on: this
dungeon floor, and no one succors, .no'.",
one saves. I look out . through ;the
prison bars, and watoh the flood of hu
mankind, and see men pass in motor -cara,
who tried to rob the city blind.
Across the street a statesman stands, ;"
hla pockets full of ten plunk notes; he
oftea uses both his hands distributing '
the price of Votes. The grafting alder
man drives by, big diamonds glowing onY
his shirt; he sees me, and he winks an
eye, and leaves me to the gloom and
dirt The filutocmtn in nn nnrn 1,..
fore mv dark and ifmn if tViei. .
VrTTlse(r5w'muchUney've made. l
aouDi me mucn n tney could tell. ; They
break some laws most every day; they
all hire lawyers by the year; and yet
they blithely go their way, while L alasl
am weeping here! -
Prrlght. 1910, by IS "W
Georga Uattbew aflame. l4Jt