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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (July 24, 1910)
THE G2ZG0U SUNDAY JOURNAL, POfilLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, JULY ' il, 1310. 7 in i , A U.-L..LJL 'Vlfc . . ....J tit i The Many Difficulties That Make Hazardous the isti AA llM Jlb hY . C::&J0 !ii I ! ii:, ! III! nb!l ) ! I -y-Sr-, - . . -,.-,;-rrr Way of the Skyman Clearly Discussed So That Every , Layman May Understand , twi it th first of a series of sis articles, prepared by . Walde mar " Xaempff ert, aeroplane , expert, of' Tiia Solentlf lo American staff, which wUI appear ' from time to time In the ; Magaiin Section of The Sunday Journal. v - v Every phase of this aU engross , tag subject will be treated . by Kr. Xaempffert la plain word.-, '. , . uA u - u t.. Copyright. 1910, by TPaldemarKaempf- , ' , , ' , 'rt ' Aw aeroplane is anyami r of alt pressure. . Qravltatlon (Weight) is curved surface propelled through constant; the air pressure, because of i the air. Since it Is considerably . the many, puffs and gust. of which even heavier than air, an inquiring a lepnyr i composed,' is decidedly in mind may weli ask: Why does it Constant, -Hence, while the center of tay aloft? ? Why- does it not fall? - gravity remains in approximately ; the It . IS - the ; air pressure beneath tne 1 same plane, the center of air pressure Is plane and the motion of the plane that more restless than a drop of quicksilver" keep it utf. A': balloon can remain, tav on an-unsteady glass plate. " ttonary over given, spot; in a calm, , The whole art of maintaining the side-' but an aeroplane must constantly move to-side balance of an areoplane consists If ft is to remain in the air. The mono- in keeping the center of gravity-and the planes and biplanes of Bleriot, Curtisa center of air pressure pn the same ver and the Wrights are somewhat in the tical line. If the center of air' pres aame position as a' skater on thin ice. sure, should' wander , too tar away -from The skater must move fast enough to that line of coincidence, the aeroplane Is reach-a new section of ice before he capsized. The upward air pressure be falls; the aeroplane must move ; fast ing greater than the facing tendency, nough to reach a new section of air and having been all thrown to one side, before it falls. Hence, tne aeroplane Is oonstantly struggling wun gravita - tion,' ,.77 7, y .7 7 The simplest and" most familiar ex- ample, of an aeroplane is . the kite of our boynooa aays. we au wmtmuer how i we kept It aloft by holding ' it s gainst the wind, or by, running. with It if there happened to be only a gentle breeze, "When the wind; stopped alto- gather pr the string prone, me -Kite ten. Above all things it was necessary to vij ,, bit-, mrfox. tnwmrA thn wind n end which we accomplished with a string j-., -'. Th. sU is an animated kite without a string; but it keeps its outspread wings to 'the wind by muscular power, If we can find a substitute for the string, some device ; in other words which will enable us to hold the kite In the proper direction, we have in- vented a flying machine. The pull or the thrust of an engine driven pro- peller Is the accepted substitute for the string of a kite and the muscles of an ' 1 - eagle. Chief Problem in Aviation. If only these simple principles wero Involved in a solution of the age-old problem of artificial flight, aeroplanes would have skimmed the air decades ago. hlnow a who,?L clony of l?l '1 hus Chanute partly removed the peril Many other things must be considered H? studied them. as If they Were living ous necessity of Indulging in aerial besides mere propelling machinery, flying machines. After some practical gymnastics. In his gliding machines Chief among these is the very difficult tesU n8 Invented a bat like apparatus the tips of the planes, when struck, art of balancing the plane so that it will composed of a pair of fixed, arched by a gust of .wind, would fold slightly Kflde on ah even keel. Even birds find wings and a tall like rudder. Clutching backward, thu considerably curtailing it hard to maintain their balance. In horizontal' bar to which the wings the tendency of the center of air pres the constant effort to steady himself a J?" fastened, he would run down i sure to shift. : hawk sway from side to side as he Mir against the wind and launch him- It remained for the Wright brother soars like an acrobat on a tight rope, "elf -by leaping a few feet Into the air. to provide a more perfect mechanism Occasionally a bird will catch the wind In this manner he could soar for. two for controlling the movement of the on the top of his wing, 'with the result r nrea hundred feet, upheld merely by center of air pressure. Chanute built that he will capslse and fall some dls- the pressure of the' air beneath the out- six . motorless, men carrying gilders, tance before he can recover himself. If stretched wings. In -order to balance with three of which several thousand th living aeroplanes of nature find himself he was compelled to. shift his short flights were successfulfy under- . , ji j.i i . i. i, wAlrhi lnrRsanrlv kd that' tha renter takon , Tt,. , -aui,a waa Ah,ata ine lest or otuancm u uiuiuum m ii. my wonder that, men have been killed iTendeavoring to discover the secretT Kivy,u ...v two cases are not quite parallel. AS tne r-Tessura of the rwlnd on the Mil-heels the boat over the ballast and the crew iftust be shifted so that their weight will counterbalance the wind pressure, Otherwise the yacht Will capslse. ia a KAISER WILHELM, Ike MONARCH an liv Johnnnes V. Jensen, the Danish nlsh ; ; , ;, .Kipling.. . , . ERLIN. July 23. The . death BKIng Edward and the countless obituaries written In all the cacor . of . the world afterward . showed quite plainly how diffi cult it,. is to .characterise a "mon arch. It is not possible to got the king Into the proper focus for the human eye, because everything that tends to explain his personality to us takes him further away from us as a prince, and Ice .versa. It Is still difficult for us to convince ourselves that the majesty can possibly be an ordinary human be lilg. aiTd we discover this fact only w hen he dies. - If the contrast is difficult to under etai'd for us, how strange mCst It then appear to the royal person's own mind. It is really true, even today, that chil dren re born who very slowly, by watching their surroundings, reallie that they are royal children and des tined to become monarchs. A fairy tale in the midst of modem times! No won der then that the subject has tempted the"- poe's Bjoernstjaerne ' BJoernson, ! Thomas Mann. Characterization of the Kaiser. ' An association of ideas! Is" It not possible that the personality of Kaiser Wilhelm springs from a strong feeling of this eontrast-the dizziness . of im perial dignity and a very- vivid reallza tion of merely being an ordinary human being? . ,-( .,, -v--w. The charactesteatlon of the kaiser as the ruler of Germany belongs to his tory; here he will get his. proper place ln the row of emperot-s.-- Fate has everything cut-and dried, and It Is al most of no interest whatever happens. But If you want to form an idea of the kaiser a man, an Idea of what passes through the mind of a man, situated as he is, you should read Thomas Mann's liook, "His Royal Highness." It does not deal .with the. kaiser at all, it is no portrait' of him, the only resemblance . being the poor crippled arm; but Thorn s Mann as a great psychologist, has described a monarch's soul so- well that it also gives an idea of the kaiser's peiv . sonallty. As the prince is depicted In this won derful book with genial .'criticism and incere compassion , it fits one's Idea of the kaiser. .v-,-' jHi First , of all, how. terribly lonesome he mufct feel! Whoever has seen Kaiser fWilnelm- speed ' through he streets of of an express train, so rapidly that It, eeems ( impossible to hit the par by tlirnwlna ' nr ahnntlnar' whoever ha heard the signal of the horn, the kai- eer's own piercing signal warning you 10 ciear tne streer long in aavance or his coming, must get an Idea of how by. Fire engines run, fast, when they ".-''7; 7:;;a 7 7. 7-;. 7 .,.. v, , T . . :, yacht maintenance . of equilibrium in comparatively easy; -in an aeroplane It demand eternal vigilance, because the sudden slight variations of the wind must' be immediately met. .The aero- ' plane has weight; that is, Hps always falling. An aeroplane is kept' aloft be cause the upward ajr pressure is greater . than the'falllng force. The weight of ' falling tendency is theoretically concen trated, in a point known as the center y of gravity. ' Opposed to this 'gravitative , tendency fa the upward pressure of the a'r against the under surface of the planej whch effect , theoret,cally con. centrated in a point known as the center me aerppiane, ls naturany upseir j ', ; . ' BV ' - V Side:to-Side Balance.' :a,777 .7;' t 7 There are obvlpijsly two ways of maintaining side to-side balance he 0M by -constantly Blurting the center 0f, gravity into coincidence with the errant center of air pressure;' the other Dy constantly shifting the center fcf air pressure lnto coincidence with the center of gravity. Tne nrtit method (that of bringing . itir - -'Wlth the '-center of air pressure) in- volves ceaseless, flash like movements on the Dart of the aviator: for by shift- ing his body he shifts the center of gravity. . It happened that one of the first modem experimenters with the aeroplane met a tragic death after he had succeeded in making over 2000 ' short flight lri a gliding, machine of his. own Invention, simply because-he was not quick enough in so throwing his weight that the centers of air pres- sure and-gravity coincided. He was Tan n n rt,,n T 411aM,t.1 ..A U engineer named Otto Lillenthal and he pressure with lightning like rapidity, he was killed , in 1898. Birds were to . him devised an apparatus in which' the een the possessors of a secret which he felt ter of air pressure was made to return that scientific study could reveal. Ac- cordlngly, he spent most of his days on tne roors or tne Prussian village of ;--- i:Y.M Z.V". ' Z ..M OI gravity coincmea wiw ine center ot rpre..ure. Since they rarely reman .i . .... ' wwuuu tut uw puwrmij wjr nuw he used to perform In flights. One oay ne was not quica enougn. his ma- chine was capsized, and his neck" was. broken. Pllcher, an Englishman, slight- ij . iwnuvu uu juiuciuuui s apparatus, r -'.v;''::,-.-Se' ' t "ttmie imriiilHi 'KafBeryilhelra. -; '' " lonesome must be the man whose nro- file you net a aflimnao of, as he races, J) Pfbfessgr Lanjley's Aerodrome, the fifst motor dtiven aeroplane thateverfleway(.J896 v ' A v r ... . .. , .. - An Aefopkne about totakeflijkf, and after several hundred fights came to a similar violent end. Crude as Lllien-fto .tVinl's tnarhlna unrtmihtertlv . wna. it 'tabled the world when its first flight we-e made. It taught the scientific In-" vestlgator of. the problem much that .he had never even suspected and laid tne foundation, for later researches. , - . r V s ' ' Forward Step in Balancing, Octave Chanute, a French engineer resident In the United States, continued the work of the ill fated Lillenthal. Realizing the Inherent danger of a glid- er In which the operator must adapt himself to the changing center of air 1 , I. , I L . , ,11.. . . into coincidence with the center of gravity the second of the two ways of malnta nine side to side balance. ... "vo"" . " ' """"" witn an apparatus consisting of two superposed 1 planes, a construction which , . . "., . , ' . - ... - cnamcai aevices onnging tne center or air pressure back Into alignment, with tne center of gravity is now followed by every designer of aeroplanes. The old, dangerous method of shifting weight is quite aDanuonea. rne greatest contri- s ' 7 , 7 ambulance's are hur.vln to a fire speed along, but the .kaiser bihs, faster stiiK . His ride means norekthn life , ':-7 -A II '- ' I t " ' Aowinoparaiu giving inrfcial velocity butlbn: made by the Wrlgh brothers th art of flying was that of provld- inar n trtmtworthv. mechanism for cads- Ing the center of air pressure to return Into coincidence with the center of gravity.. - The aeroplane must be balanced not soil" was that of the banks of the thing, the first time in history that a himself since the fall of the temporal only from side to side but fore and aft Nile): - motor driven aeroplane ever flew. power, that Is to say, of remaining al as well. The same necessity exists In "An approach to within 80 yards The Wright brothers also obtain their ways within the Vatican, Is not con he old fashioned, single surface kite.- aroused the king of birds from his preliminary speed by running their ma- ducive to longevity. To give It the necessary fore and aft apathy. He partly opened his enormous chine1 down on an Inclined .track. Most . ". " 1 stability, we used to adorn it with a long tall of knotted strips of rag. it the tail wa not heavy or long. enough, the kit dived erratically 'and sometimes met its destruction by colliding with a tree. To Insure longitudinal stability, -many -aeroplane flying machines are similarly provided With a tall, which consists generally of one or more plane surfaces. Some aeroplanes, however, are tailless, among them the earlier Wright machines. Usually, they lare less stable than the tailed variety. Long Baffling Problem. In order .to relieve the aviator of the necessity of more or. less incessantly manipulating levers, which control cen-; ters of air pressure, many Inventors l.av. tr 1 in nravld th seronlanes with devices which will perform that task automatically,' Some of them- are ingenious; but most of them are im . lw - kite or a soaring bird, must rise in tne very teeth of the, wind. What is more :,.... ... r . .. sniom. itLKies. vultures, nnu- oiner soaring Diras . launcn memseives either by leaping .from the limb of a tree or the edge of a clifr, or by running along the ground with wings outspread. until they have acquired sufficient speeq, . to. illustrate tne airncuity mat d THE MAN or death. What thoughts crowd his bra.in when he races through Berlin? Nobody knows. , . ... ..... . ... . .. Wilhelm Essentiafly Human. Kaiser Wllhelm's career, especially at the outset of his rule, when he was very young, shows that the mere ele mentary sensation of being human, and nothing more, ruled him entirely: even more than other monarchs he felt the desire to develop his individuality, even to an extent that reminded of the unl versallsm of the Renaissance.. There was nothing the kaiser could not do he was a painter, composer, engineer, general and admiral, and he had sonic- nmpHnoltlo Kopminn than or tnn heavv mnkna th whnlpnnla establishment Of t complicated, or. 'not responsive free public libraries almost a. much of the evil life by the rosy pictures of the the Scu" enough. V, a menace to the wellbelng of the coun- under world drawn by novelist, only the neu "J",, t'.t are an in.rirT' i.a . . w-. . trv si would be the oDenlna uo of free Recording Angel knows, but It a list '"T ... .TJ.. fC" ' n ln8plf- thing.pf the primeval tnystlclsm -of the companion, who was also a novel fiend, aglne that she Is wasted on the unro- bride was a brooch of rubles and dla founder of a new religion. During lat- each got a novel every mornln. de- mantle, hard working man who Is toil- monds, and ther6 were many Other bean- er years we have noticed few of these mere . elementary eruptions of a man's health and appetite. Upon a person with his responsiblll- tjes there rests an Immense pressure, the burden of empire, whose impression on the character may be compared to the process whereby curbon under the pressure of untold atmospheres is trans- formed -into pure diamonds. Under the pressuro of his power the kaiser lost the- artist, the erratic In his character, and has : generally become the lonesome representative, privileged to race through the streets of Berlin at a speed forbidden to all others. As a decorative figure on the top of the structure of the German empire, one cannot neip aamiring ana sympathizing with. Kaiser Wilhelm. He represents the world's greatest nation, equally bril liant by its great past. Its energy, and strength at the present time and the immense rqflervb power of Its people. that: guarantees its future. 7 From personal choice and training he Is the head ot the German army, the most formidable examp e of unity and discipline. Himself a scion of the pur- aai h lo. ,h- ehr nr a ,.mw -. of healthy children, whose . ;i::r.Vr;k,.M :. -L." ahow nothing but pure lnstlnctsand the Joy of face of ' of hi great ioi:ini.ifr . r turhirfi ,nTnn nofiiiirAn I in iitia. of emptor for his houae-a good trad- tlon ta. wear the Imorlnt of on vour fliee ' imprint pr on your As representative, the kaiser comes In for an Inheritance that has Its founds-. tlon in the depths of history and that will , be valuable for an unmeftsurable space of time the German earnestness and discipline.' ; ' - . But when the papers with ever in- - . . . ... - - " the ScVow?r.ncedSrmind,same' f"!,,1 lP.Z1 h .TT U the human side "of .Jl. H!" -e-randfather tha old 'aria. ,.." c,"r' " uo things, nit tne mark, hit the heart KV- " """ iv(u-m. v -granaiatner trie OlO ariS- mnrallilnir fnr a mnman n ,V, nr.r,,m .... -. .. .7 .... . .... ... . vn, anliMnt ,, anvhnur jirvasUiuUnitwftjsjJLof of the kaiser's personal opinion, as r,e7tmefl""Wyy,!c wntly during Roosevelt's visit, a tign ' ''rf her 'own 'hard life into a fairy . ... . . ' . . , . of life. Immediately followed bv an official denial, you get the Idea of the terrible 1 Individual personal strength . that has been suppressed for the sake of hist monajcliy and empire. '. , ;;.,.,:,, , ;,-7 7:' V, i ' ., - .'; even practised soaring birds find in rfs- ing from the ground, the late Professor Samuel P. Lanalev used to. Quote- the following graphic " description . of the commencement of an eagle's flight (the writer was , in Egypt, and the "sandy wings, but stirs not yet from his sta- tlon. On gaining a few feet more he begins to walk away with half ex- eagle, In the foregoing quotation, run depth of 90o feet. THE DANGER OF NOVEL READING By Dorothy Dix. A' NEW English sensational novel is advertised a having caused the death of a reader, the excitement of the story producing heart fail- ure. This is probably a pres agent's story, the Teal cause of most fa- talltles among the reader of modern novels being tire result of their having been btfred to death instead of being un- duly thrilled. , tK , v t Tt In nnt th r ah of their lives, but th IWirot ttVorafsd'tnrs'an Z.lZJZ wvc... ' v. .., - , - '" "r , . , ...apmov - n ... flntlnn nhtolnahla nrlthnnt mnnAV nrt without price, on which to gorge them- . """. can fal1 to see that novel reading has become a pernicious evil that is fostered Our Reverence tor a Book. In America we are still so half baked educatlonally that we hsve a superstt- tious reverence for the printed page. To us "a books a book, though there be nothing In It." Women give themselves sunerlor airs about beine literarr be- cause they always read "the six best sell- ers," and parents beam with pride and Joy when they see their -children en- grossed In reading, apparently unaware that In the book the child may be keep- ing company with the most depraved characters It Is possible to conceive and is being familiarized with the filth of the gutters. Not long ago the father of a pre cocious youngster of 12 boasted to me that his son habitually read two novels a day; that. Inasmuch as the public library only allowed him to draw out one bo'ok a day. he "and another young voured the' story at a sitting, and then exchanged books in order that they might be provided with their afternoon dope of-fiction. It never seemed to occur to the father what the effect of all this excessive novel reading would have upon the boy, or of tne mental Indigestion It must surely give him to cram his little head so full of plots and counter plots, sea- soned with such highly spiced episodes and soaked In such a sauce of sensual- Ism. It were almost better for such a boy not to be able to read at all than to read so much of the things he should not read at his time of life. Some Books Demoralizing, This lad is an extreme type of the cartoonist we have in America today. 1907 It was Turkestan, and a twelve novel reading youngster, but there are the man who wears gracefully the lau- morith later the West Indies and Pan far too many young boys In his class rels that were once Nasfs. Since 1903 ama- However, when.' he doe . ettl thin chested, anaemic little fellows, who he' has been a star performer on the down for an hour or two in Chicago you , are being given a post graduate course Chicago Tribune, and a million or two cftn count on seeing him In the pltce , In vice by reading erotic novels that people in the Middle West don't think f honor on the front page of tha Trl leave no phase of decadence unrevealed. thev start tha dav rlaht unless thev e-et bune. , , . 7 i w" "y" rtwYai-75 iVnLL'L.r."" Sl J1.6 ,! Z" "Tinjw W 7rim t , !,,.,, Jhe reach of children book thlt v retch of children book that are every. l M demoralizing as whiskey .... . ...... nam. , I, , V. n V. I . .. a. ,n I',"" ;,, , , Ul , II !, n0wl vhablt- 11 ,s t,ie novl. more t,mn anything else, that is responsible Jr abnorroar woman, the divorcee, tl's young girl who goes astray. Nor l thl Las ."tnge and Illogical a " ,ounas- Take a young girl who 1 P'ettyand poor, and whose days are spent behind a counter or before a cook Btove- She acquires the novel reading, nahir it, ntioi Yl. I , i. . v. n vapnj .tiuug41 lvaMPO .V B Wilt, orld. In these books she reads of how Nellie the Beautiful Cloak Model smiles upon a stranger,; who immediately falls in love with her and marries her, and tukes ,her away to live in unimaginable ,7 ,..-.. 7. .,7,.;, 7 ,. ; .,, - Little aceount has been talcen nf th . w, , vut marl thf ttinrasntniia fttii nn fn tha panded, but motionless wings. Now for the chance. - Fire! A charge of No. 8 from 11 bore rattles audibly but lnef- fectively ppon his densely feathered body; hl walk increases to a run, he , gathers speed with his slowly waving wings, and eventually leaves the ground: Rising at a gradual inclination.; he mounts aloft and sails majestically away to his place of refuge in the Libyan range, distant at least five miles from where he rose. Some fragments of feathers denoted the spot where the shot struck him. The. mark .of his 'claws were traceable in the sanfly soil, as, at fjrst with firm and decided digs, ,he forced his way; but as he lightened his body and Increased his speed with ' the aid of his wings, the Imprints of , his talons gradually merged Into long scratches. The measured distance from the point where these vanished to theA place where he had stoode, proved that with all the stimulus that he shot must have given to his exertionc he had been compelled to run full 20 yards before . he could raise himself from the earth." - We have not all had a chance to see this striking Illustration of the neces- slty of getting up a preliminary speed; bef ore soaring, but many of us have disturbed wild ducks on the water and noticed them run along It, flapping their wings for some distance to get veloclty before they can fly, and the necessity of the Initial velocity Is at least as great with an artificial flying; machine as, it is with a bird. why a vulture can be confined in a small cage which Is entirely open at the top. . . Preliminary Spe'edi ' To get up preliminary speed many methods have been adopted. Langley tried every conceivable way of starting . nis small moaei ana at last nit on tne idea of launching it from ways, some- what as a ship is launched into the water. The model, rested on a car which fell down at the extremity Of its mo- tion and thue released the model for Its free flight. On May 6, 1896, he saw his creation really .fly like a living aviators, nowever, mount tneir aero- planes on bicycle wheels, and like the splendor, or how Sir Guy de Montmor- ency falls In love with fair Alaine as she is scruDDing down tne steps, ana marries her in spite of all his haughty kindred, , . . The Heroine of the Novel. 0,, . uv . n D08gibmtjei witn tne jaea always before Y th t s oln t0 Mv, tn . . . . ,u on th1 lookout for advent uVe and Is' ready at ,"UKOU r aoventure ana i aay -J t.to ZZA00. f0k,nr , , jt rfuni ii uw nmnx &ti is miv i u i cu iiilv, that prnr r,ltlahT larger ver hv vtir. f " .Z h - Aorn v.i h- i.roini is for in the n pd rn novel th. htn tt - - - , . n.U.t'. r.l.raa Thl .h h ft rla-ht ..v... - ...--v, - " . to live her life her own way. ' . It Is also only in novels that a writer it B, makes a undying million dollars and achieves fame In six months after she comes to New York.-or that Mr. Belasco offers a stage struck girl, the minute he Bees her. a contract to star, but thou- sands of broken hearted young women have believed these lying stories and been the victims of them. . The effect of excessive novel reading on married women is responsible for nlna.tenth. or th divorces. There are tens of thousands of Idle wives, living around In boarding houses and hotels, with nothing to do except to devour nov- e? after novel. Their days are passed in ft passion laden atmosphere of high pres- ur romance, and when they are forced t0 come down to earth everything about them aeetna mean and tawdrv esneclallv 7. tawary '8p, y How Women Read.. It Is impossible for a woman not to see herself In every heroine, and, doing this, It does not take her long to im- ing like a slave to support her. She " rMcC utcKeon of From Human Life for July. Y OU mustn't become obsessed with the Idea that Colonel Theodora was the only famous' American hunting big game In Africa last winter. McCutcheon from Chica go was there also, and "Cutch" in his own line of goods, is quite as much of a ton notcher as T. R. Is in his. McCutcheon is a newspaper artist' one of the very few "real ones." Pretty -nerallv ha la regarded as the ereatest K uwm. way ?"!.h"n! 5 .a n b7- .look 5 ll " y ' , " " 'n0m8 fo1 owln)f' s lm" mensely popular. His pictures are oop- ted by the press of the entire country. There Is no sting to them, no pessimism. . . . ... ... ... . . . a,.v''uaDl oooster- m mis man behind the crow quill pen. McCutcheon has one bad failing. He doesn't stay "on the Job" long enough at a time; people don't get a much of him as they'd like. Thl is because the gentleman suffers from an acute and chronic case of wanderlust, which he contracted In 1895 while chasing around Europe with George Ade. . He " liBVUtr UlbVIl UVCf II. ja tlW J)S t ' Taff one, and wa all know that Squl v. n ... . . i . , . , .. . W Saulra Bill is some globe trotter. . In 1898 McCutcheon started round the world on the dispatch boat McCulIough, neara at-Malay that there was soma- thing doing In the 'Philippine and ar- Z.. 7 ",". ,7-';..,, .7 .'7.: ".: 7' along the ground for a short distance. An aeroplane has also been dropped Into the air from a balloon by Profes- sor Montgomery In California. Just as a soaring bird, uses his leg In leaping into the air or running en the ground to start" his flight and also in" alighting, so most aeroplanes alight with the bicycle wheels that serve them during the brief moments of launching. V Sometimes, however, special alighting devices are provided, the most consplr.- uous example of which is that to be found In the skids or runners of the Wright machine.' . ; The problem of steering an aeroplane when It I launched, is solved, as it must be. .by two sets of rudders. A- steamboat ' is a vehicle that travels on two dimension only: hence, it requires ; only a single, vertical mdder, which serves to guide1 if from side t M An, aeroplane moves not only from side to : side, but up and down ; as - -well, Hence, It 1 equipped with a vertical rudder similar to that of a steamboat's, and ajso with a horizontal rudder, which serves to alter Its course Up or down, and 'which is ' becoming more widely s known as an elevator. Fore- and-aft stability Is attained in tailless machines entirely by manipulation of this elevator. Even In tailed machines Its use for that purpose is almost lm- peratlve. ' , ., '..;' m ., popo Rjgefl Early, , imT,- -v v.- . some slight troubles to which he was subject when Be was patriarch of Ven- -Ice, Including a kind of eciema from which he suffered in one of hi ears, have disappeared entirely. The Pope has become stouter, than he was and less inclined to physical exertion, but altogether he Is more robust apd finds mental lanor less of a burden,, Of on thing he I Droud. as ha va ' tinmaivt that he is the earliest riser In th whole apostollq palace, as it is his constant ; practice to get UP at dawn. The x- cellent state of his health makes people wonder whether the life which the head of the Roman church ha Imposed upon The-largest electric hoist In the world Is in operation at Butta. o!n a. also compares htm. to his dlafavnr. with the Lord Percles with whom she associates in books. Sho discovers that she is unappreciated, misunderstood, She begins to have an Insatiable yearn- ing to have somebody make to her the fervent love speeches which Sir Perev -Iioureo Into the shell Ilka ear of Lady Guinevere, and she drift as surely as a leaf down the current into one of thoM a"1 at are o romantic and ,.m v - ,f'. one would be so na. row ana iooiisn as ta eonntmn nnvni . m t "tu " "CI novels ..that . ar. a contamination, and can no moro read with"?. . n.r. mai...iu .a. ,h. v. . . "'"' uu UOTtL and too much novel readme- which ta on of thm",eat ZIkItu ttft&tfiZl Rather Ambiguous. : ; ' From : the Louisville "Time. 7 'J The new reporter, of the Centarrtli Times meant weiy- but h was not al- W8,yg careful in .the wording of hi sen- tences. When the father of Mrs Jame Bowles annearert at v.i t ,1 11 1 , .. "r ' weaamg tna reporter-knew Irom tn lrat mlen f Visitor that something had gone wrong. "You are responsible, in the absence of your chief, for this report of my daughter's wedding," and Mr. Cobb tapped a paragraph published the', night before. .... "les, sir, ana i thought It was a rotehty ooA Ben ff I. gave them, said the reporter. You did. did you?" thundered Mr. Cobb. "vU, pen.aps you will be kind enough to explain thes word" He pointed and following the com- pelllng finger the reporter read: "The gift of the bridegrom to the tlful things in cut-glass on that table. " 1 '. Cartoon Fame rived on the scene Just In time to Dewey mess thing up at Manila bay. The next -year found him "doing' Slam, India, Korea, and China, and he' was also under fire with our troop? that chased Agulnaldo over the Cordlller6s. lie pops up next In the Transvaal, where he went through the war as a corresponaent on tne uoer sme. in ;: he was sketching on Mount Ararat and extensively elsewhere In- AU& Minor; in He's Just touching the 49 mark, was born on a Hoosler farm,: graduated from Purdue university, ta a modest a they make 'em, all wool and a yard wld. and although he's taken about every other Journey in the, world, he hasn't Statistics complied In Germany un der . the new accident Insurance law, Indicate that the degree of hazard la occupation ranges in this order: driv ers, millers, boatmen, miners, wood workers, brewers, metal worker, ten uis operators, 'printer, tobacco wort ers, u :j:-, 7. ?. ,:.,;,7:7i- . 7s '.". More than - 809 producer-ts T'' r.'"TtaT!TV "Tin vr " ary 1 in u m -in-" wr - 4 Tt - states, ranging from 18, to Bona t.tr power. - r A patent : ha been , grantel a ' ' York man upon a pneumatm h?el r feminine footgear. . ; , : . i, out mere ara aiao
