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, f. -:- -,-t vr.-'1 end
;: -,!ii- r.-.rU t TUe Journal livill.l
su and XnniMIl tret. Poftlnwl. Or.
1 it thu pwtf fk-e t Portlmid, Or., fof
r, ttireujb tbt rag iU nil-l"
u! r::o.fS Ms In 717V Home. A-6nsi.
f!' i'arii:pnt re.'.chpil lr tlirse BumtwM.
1?!1 t'u oixTutor what deptrtiti-Dt Tea want.
OKi:lfiN ADVERTISING RKl'RESE.NXATI VK.
ra.tn A Kf-otnor Co., Nirnvriclc Pu)h1lte,
I:.:..' Hf!b vetm. New lurki. 1007-OS Jiofc
I'iili.ing, Chicago. .-.
PiiHrrlptl,in ro br mll to ny idJresi
fn tho Lulled States. Cansdi or Mexico; j, '
DAILY. .
0u rear... JS.OO I Ore month. ......I .TO
scndax:
): T'r. ...... .t2M I On month........ .25
DAILY AND SUNDAY.
On fMr.i.Ai..p.M I Oo month. .......I .63
5!
. Revenge triumphs over death;-.
Love -slights It; honour asplreth
it; grter flieth to' it; fear preoc-':
cupateth It.Bacon.' v 1 j
,. ........ 3
THE BOSS OF THE BOSSES .
BUT ' FOR the Oregonian, there
would have been no movement
In Oregon for the' unlawful as
. embly. The. state .was orderly.
The citizenship was law abiding. The
Republican party, for' the first time
Jn 30 years, was in peace. Thet pub
lic was "perfectly satisfied with the
existing order, The ancient enemies
cf the direct primary, the defeated
candidates tinder It; the has-been
bosses, and other malcontents dis
liked the condition, but were quiet.
They saw no chance of a change.
They had given up hope of making
business of politics and were busy at
earning a , living as other folks do.
The state was in the midst of an
enormous growth. More railroads
were building than ' in 20 years.
Towns and cities were" growing .'as
never before. Immigration was pour
ing in. The state was everywhere
admired for the purity and excellence
of its government, and the orderly
character.. of its citizenship. The hum
of business, activity and bustle Was
everywhere, and peace, contentment
and good order reigned. Best of all",
the law of the state was respected
and supreme. " t
It was iii the midst of this quie
tude, peace, order and law that the
Oregonian "began 'to' screamrfor'an
unlawful assembly. The man who
controls that paper originated . the
scheme. . With, him, the plan is.-"mjr'
plan.". - with him, the assembly Is
"my assembly."' With him,1 the. will
to hold it 13 "my will," No public
meeting had resolved for an assem
bly. No organized body of citizen
bad requested an assembly. N
newspaper had agitated for an as
sembly. No condition or situation
In the state BUftosted an' assembly.
But "my will6 in the case of this
man was enough, and the order to
convene an' assembly ..was .promul
gated - Itwas the hote jfor Which
the defeated candidates; the political
cadavers, and every other, enemy of
the- direct r primary, were, listening.
Every dethroned boss came out of his
retirement, Every little .bosalt
jumped Into the arena. , . Joseph Si
mon, for 20 years bop-3 of Multnomah
county under the oldconvention re
gime, reentered politics. Every cor
poration manager and every corpora
tion lawyer flew into the game. Ev
ery admirer .'of convention . rule .as
; against . direct primary rule is on
the muster role, At the head of the
crowd is the editor of the Oregonian,
wcoplng It up for the assembly,, for
with him' It is "my assembly." :,Ha'
issued the call to arms. - He sum-
iuujii'u me punuutu imuja 10 me war
daz.ee. He directed personal govern
ment outside the law to be substi
tuted for government by law. He
ordered th state's nominating sys
'tem changed by rubber stamp." Ho
brought all this sudden rain of dis
tractionopposition,' division, resist
ance, disruption, bitter protest and
revolution into the Republican party.
He Is the boss of the bosses. .
THE TEAMSTERS' SHUKE . '
A NONUNION teamster is.Jn a
Portland, hospital "with but. a
slender chance of recovery; He
was beaten over the head with
a steamplpe until a large area of his
skull had to be trepanned by Bur
geons. At thiB writing there is no
evidence to reveal the Identity of Ills
assailants.
It is , unfortunate for' the union
teamsters' strike that such an assault
efcould have, been made. It 1$ unfor
tunate for it that other attacks of
the same nature , have occurred. Un
til the assailants pre discovered and
the contrary proven, the public, per
haps unjustly, will charge these un
lawful acts-to the, union teamfeterB
Btrike. The union men (strenuously
deny their responsibility but, un
fortunately for their caso, the gen
eral public will be cynical- -
The effect of the attacks'. has been
Immensely hurtful to the cause of
the etrlkers. It has made more sen
timent for the employers than , all
other Influences combined. The right
of any man or set of men to go on
a strike Is undoubted. But the right
of any man to work , for any. em
ployer is equally well grounded. If,
in th process, h is attdeked and
beaten, the act is, not only a viola
tion of. the law,' but an invasion pf
the rights and privileges of tha man
who attempts' to engage in sucli em
ployment: This Is -the public view,
iind, even if no member of the unions
had a hand in the assaults, it;ha8
U't n mlfchiy harmful to the cause of
scrrttarenTTefflH
in work have been beaten
inrcl, murfortune ha3.all along
''-.in! the mi ike. It ves appar
r! 't. i i:pnn with llf.tld'chnnre
. It was piojLCted, htt so
much, upon a natter of wo. cos as the
question of mi open or c!.v- .! ehop.
In the selection of their battle 1 :ie,
the organization erred. The public
Is quick' to sympathize with strikers
when underpaid labor is the issue, it
Is far less inclined to sympathy when
the abstract question .of an open or
closed "shop Is the subject of con
tention: To the public, as a general
"thing, one man is the same as an
other. If he is underpaid the public
is ready to listen to-.Elm regardless
of whether he1 is a union, man, a
Methodist or a Populist. It is for this
reason that the teamsters h 'e made
llttle'. or ; no progress in their fight
for a closed shop. In entering upon
it, they listened to bad advice, for
the cofftiitfons in Tortlahd are not, fa
vorable to what they demand.'
LET rOKTLAXD REALIZE
I
T WILL BB strange if Portland
permits the ' Portland , Fair and
Livestock show to pass out of ex
istence. , The one city west of the
Rocky mountains in which it is logic
for such an exposition to be hold is
Portland. Portland is clearing bouse
for one of the largest agricultural
areas Jn the world. The stakes are
set and the plants installed to make
Portland the. headquarters for one
of the largest livestock industries in
the country. Topography,-geography,
soil and climate are all Jn "harmony
for enormous achievement' In both
the agricultural and livestock lines,
buf development of either 1b but frac
tionally begun. We are not even
producing the' livestock for our owh
consumption. We import hog3 by the
trainload from Nebraska. We buy
cattle in California and actually "re
ship them into' the heart , of eastern
Oregon, almost the original home of
the cattle industry. The state of Ore
gon is at this moment In the midst
of a scarcity of livestock with a pre
diction that high prices will rule for
at least another year, : We: have the
setting and the assets for an ' Im
mense' industry, but we havn't .the
Industry .We have the place to grow
the livestock, the plants to pack and
distribute it, but do not produce- It.
' Portland can be a' great factor in
contriving, deliverance from this hu
miliating situation. For the pitiful
carloads of fat cattle, hogs arid
sheep, there should he trainioads,
and by a proper leadership, Tort-land-as
the clearing house" for It. all
can speed the transformation. Fairs
and livestock shows -ere the recog
nized means of prpmot!ngindustry.
Those" shows are rot,, held, as an. $n
tertainment, but: to give stlmulusLto
the activity., , Sight of the better
types qubkens Impulse for growing
the ' best j. breeds, and. the- most, of
them.' ClvlUiatlon Itsulf is founded
On.the-fect tliat whatever man sees
that, is excellent tsets his mind to
working to produce ' a - better- one.'
Every mn'n Is" a copyist-and' most, of
them add' to It the spirit ctf., rivalry,
and, that; Is why. the fine ' types! of
animals at a stock show spread wide
desire to reproduce them and beat
them. -All this is reason for every
Portland Interest and every Portland
citizen to grasp what the annual fair
and-livestock show means to this city
and. this region. Rcmemberlrg what
the " exposition means," it Is .a- crime
that the two former events were
financially unprofitable. It will be
treason to Portland and the state, if
by the nonsupport of Portlanders a
similar financial.' experience Is In
waiting for the coming show.." . ,
PUBLIC SERVICE THAT SERVES
A" NEW RECORD In the adminis
tration of a -public office has
-been set by John." M. Lewis of
. Portland. His example is one
that all public servants- might study
and emulate with profit to their em
ployer. "As treasurer of Multnomah
county he has, during seven years of
incumbency, handled $15,376, 051. 8J.
Ho has, according to the report of
an expert, made In the receipt and
disbursement of this vast sum, but a
single error, and that was for only
20 cents, and in favor of the county.
He has, contrary to the old time cus
tom," collected Interest from the
banks on his cash balances and, in
stead of pocketing the profit, turned
It over to the county. In these days
when public funds are so often, di
verted from their true channels, spec
ulated upon and misused, Mr. Lewis'
conduct of his office is a revelation.
Jt. marks the difference between the
ancient time server and the up-to-date,
modernized public servant It
sets up &g hope that more and more
will those we chose for public- serv
ice approximate the' Lewis standard.
Y Nor is this all. As a candidate for
reelection Mr. Lewis' appeal Is - on
his record and to the people. -lie Is
not trying to sneak Into the office
through the sharp practice and cun
ning tricks of managing men 'In a
manipulated assembly, but ts stand
ing on his merits, and laying his
claims before that great and honest
assembly, as" ordained by the laws of
Oregon the people of Multnomah
county. He , refused when "asked, to
contribute; money to the assembly,
and his ref usal, Is another token of
his fidelity to the law and the citizen
tody.. ', '-", '
. ADMITTED AT LAST
E
VEN AS a canary ' flits ' from
flower to flower, Chairman
George Inhis new ukase, flits
from thought to thought. In
one -flit he said: "The - assembly
doesn't nominate, It recommends."
In his next, he said: '"A man who is
indorsed at a public meeting should
have preference over a man who has
i :And there you are. "The assembly,
doeo rot nominate,' but the man rec
ommended by it "should have
pir.fp!VTire ever a man who has-been
priviii'.'jy indorsed."" That hi to say,
the open primary fhould be n u 11 1 f i i 1
and tl.e wh'!e powrr of the
bly organization will bo Invoked to
nullify it, , The, whole scheme is to
make the assembly supersede and set
aside the. open primary, and make
the holy assembly exercise tne ex
act and only function the 'open pri
mary was created by law , to exer
cise. By a chance slip of his tongue
we have the frank admission from
Chairman George that the assembly
nominee hall be voted for and any
other candidate, voted against, in
whieh event, what Is the use of hav
ing an open primary?; What Is the
use of the citizen coming out to
vote in the open primary if only
tho assembly nominee is to, be sup
ported? ,What is the use of taking
the time to vote oil something that
the , assembly Has already settled?
With just one victory ior an assem
bly governor and an assembly legis
lature, there will never be another
open primary in Oregon except after
a period of cfnventlon abuses and
another ballot revolution. In his im
pulsive flits from thought to
thought, sipping wisdom here and
distributing It there, otrr impulsive
chairman has admitted everything
opponents of "my high-browed as
sembly", have ever contended. Its
success will be a skull and cross
bones for the direct primary. It is
up to the voters now.
VALUE AND TAXATION OF FARM
LANDS
IT IS OF exceeding importance to
this country that the agricultural
land, as, far as. possible, should
I be owned by the men who till, it.
and that they shall ti'ir it well, shall
be intelligent, progressive farmers.
It will , not be long unless there 6hall
be great increase in agricultural
products, until they will practically
all be consumed by our own people
It is possible to Increase products as
fast as population increases or fast jr,
but this wIH not, be done until the
necessity for It arises, Until we reach
and pass the serd point; Farming Is
becoming better every yeaT, and its
profitability will increase with Its
betterment." But Tafm lands will Nbg
in value even faster than the profits
of good-farming. And as farm lands
rise in value, they will be brought in
large areas for speculation, resulting
in an increase of absentee ownership,
a thing to be deplored.
. There have been slight movements
or rather much talk, to keep people
ontthe .farms or induce town people
to go -out Into ; the country, but the
great hindrance to thiB desideratum
ft more people"!fi the country and
less. In .proportion, In the city, is
large tracts of land not tilled by
their owners. If at all.- The World's
Work, after some remarks along this
line,' says: " ' - - '
. -VTha, land that is held In large
tracts or that Is hold for , speculation
Is, almost everywhere, assessed at
lower values and taxed less than the
land held in small tracts and worked
by the men who own them. The cur
rent, traditional method of assess
ment and taxation almost Inevitably
throws the , burden on the small
farmer-owrieT' -and' encourages " the
absentee landlord and the speculator
or thejmere holder for an; increased
value. The mere investor has this
silent advantage over the worker." .
This, if true, and we presume Jt Is
several pieces of evidence are giv
en is an exceedingly important fact
and it is a fact that Is a great wrong
and a great evil. If there Is to he
discrimination, the very reverse
onght to be the case; the little land
owner who has improved and is cul
tivating well should be taxed least,
the largest speculative landholder
most: How is it in Oregon? .
THE BIGGER BRITISH DOLLAR
SN ARTICLE in - the current
, World's Work makes state
ments under the caption. "The
'Englishman's .Bigger Dollar."
which the tariff commission that is
going abroad might do well to verify
and consider. Comparing the wages
and cost of living of a family of cot
ton" weavers in New Bedford, Mass.,
with those bf a like family" in Burn
ley England, the; writer finds" that
the following wages are paid' in the
American city: .Weekly wages of
man, $9.72, girl of 20, $7.78; boy of
1'7, $5.5S; girl of' 14, $2.03; total
for the four, $25.08. The actual cost
of living for this family was $21.15.'
Protection enabled this family of
four workers, barring sickness, to
save the. magnificent sum 'of $3.93
per- weeki------i-.
r-r In ' Burnley, England, the - wages
were lower--no protection for., labor
there." The wages were: Man. $6.86;
girl, $5.04; boy, $3.92;' girl, $1.47;
total, $17.89. Hurrah for the pro
tection. The American family earned
$7.99 more than tho English family.
But there Is another side to the
story.. , While, as stated, the actual
necessary .expenses of the American
family were $21.15,- allowing a sav
ing of $3.93, the expenses of the
British family ' were- only $12.05.
leaving it a surplua for the week of
$5.84. , It seems that If protection
gives' a littb better wages, It more
than evens Up the score by charging
the. family more for , everything It
buys. -
, Each item In the total cost of
living 'in both, .cities is given. Here
are a few instances: American flour
that sold in Burnley for 49 cents
cost 70 cents In New Bedford. Amer
ican sugar In New Bedford, 16
pounds for $1; In ; Burnley, 25
pounds. -American rice In America,
10 cents a pounds; In England, 6
iDj-f- ' Sodathfit costsi S ents here
can be bought There for' a half pen
ny, 1 cent. Gas there 13 S4 cents per
1000 feetji carfare is 2 ' cents and
so on. , .
.' Protection 13 doing great things
for us, no doubt; it Is making the
ccvt of living ?a 1 ' 'i that one foe's
iMi if lie lias money tnoush to pay
the bill.
Governor Hughes, the New, York
Evening Post relates, wrote in a let
ter to a friend that he desired to do
something before he left public life
to "Improve government by parties."
He did try, but apparently without
success. ' It might bo well for the
governor to study. less about "goVr
erument by parties," and more about
government of, for and by the peo
ple. - ..;'
Galloway Visits Joaquin Miller.
Fresno. Cal..- July S. To the Editor
of The Journal The good steamship
Bear left Ainsworth dock at 9 a, in.
Juna 25 with a full complement of pas-
.fir ITAr. all V. , , -t.nn.v . m 1 1 ).
Letters From tne People
reaching San Franclsc'o Just 44 hour4lSIi?ney
out of rortland. . This beinj our first
trip to this Golden State, I could hot
help but bet attracted by the great '-difference
between Oregon and her sister
state on the south, and especially .be
tween ' the cities of Portland and San
Francisco. . ' ,:fw',:V :'--. -
i Passing lown the beautiful Willam
ette and along the majestic .Columbia, as
also, the Western seacoast, of Oregon,
one beholds every where the finest body
Of commercial, tlmhej' In the world, while
on , the Calif o.rnia , seacoast and . around
Ban Francisco the landscape is almost
barren of timber of' any kind, except
where the hand of man has caused H
to grow by- planting and Irrigation. I
realize as never" before that nature has
been overpartial to Portland and the
Willamette valley, - Portland is growing
with rapid strides from the natural flow
of "wealth from tributary country.' the
people -of which take life more easily,
as they are not required to exert them
selves as they do here, owing to the
arid condition, and the much greater
area proportionately of unproductive soil
and the almost total absence of timber
other than that planted as orchard,
only more densely.
We have visited Santa Clara and Ban
Joaquin valleys, considered the finest in
California, and while the former might
be lost In almost any one of our Oregon
counties, neither possesses the natural
resources a,nd productiveness of the Wil
lamette or the Rogoe River valley. Cul
tivation and Irrigation have beei car
ried on in these California Valleys to a
very high stare of perfection, hence we
find vast orchards of olives, peaches,
apricots an J prunes, all tylelding this
year good props expecting prunes, which
are very light. Around Fresno one
travels through' miles and miles of
great vineyards, for this Is the home of
the best raisin and wine grapes of Cal
ifornia. There are also large orchards
of figs and peached, which are all 'heav
ily loaded with fruit. -
One noticeable advantage here is the
means of transportation The country
roads are the finest X have ever, seen.
The electrto car has penetrated to every
section. One may travel hundreds of
miles In visiting every section of these
populous valleys at small outlay, hence
is it any wsnder that Sah Jose, thVcoun
ty seat of Santa Clara county, has a
popiilatlotf'bf lSlJ.flOO," while this city,
the commercial center of this part of
the Ban Joaquin valley; has a like num
ber? I shall never forget the nutgntfieent
view aa we entered Oolden Gate harbor
Monday. morning Just as the-sun was as
cending above, the horijton , looking, like
a great ball of gold rising above, the
mists and casting a golden path across
the , waters of the bay to our vessel.
Steaming past, the fortifications on our
right and left we felt'that Golden Gate
harbor, with these and Us submarine
mines, Is certainly impregnable to any
Invading foo. . ' . i:'.".- ;tr.r-'.
San Francisco Is rapidly, building up.
but one frequently notices evidences of
the fiery holocausttcaused. by the earth
quake four years ago., We must forego
a description of the old Spanish missions
and the magnificent !-Bcenic , places we
have vlBlted, as well as the great uni
versities of Stanford and Berkeley, hoi
to mention the memorial square at Stan
ford with Its statue commemorative of
tne senator and his wife and thelr'lament
ed son, Leland Stanford' Jr. Nor can wA
give a description 'of the great educa
tional Institution across ' the bay at
Berkeley further than to say that we
attended a performance at the Greek
theatre .connected with th university
when anout 110,000 were taken In as the
receipts of one performance. 1": '
However, silence as to the happiest
event o our sojourn ln'the southern me.
tropolis would be unparilenable In an
Oregonian were 1 not ""to "jfiention our
visit to the home of J'oaquTn -MilWr, ; the
Oregon pioneer, Indian war. Veteran, and
poet, whose name and fame are known
and honored by all' civilized peoples.
The poet's ranch (as he calls it), of 100
or more acres, Is two njles up the moun
tain's side from the nearest streetcar
line In Oakland, and Is -reached by a
winding road which must be seea. ttf be
fully enjoyed. The poet nurchaseoTthls
land some 30 years agoi it being theV-a-
barren and- steep hillside, Interspersed
with canyons and ravines, worth - little
at that time, but now of great value, as
he,has transformed H into one great
mountain park, covered with a magnifi
cent forest of Oregon fir, cypress and
pine trees, many of which he has plant
ed with his own hands. He Is now plant
ing 1T)0,000 eucalyptus trees, all from
his own -nursery. , He has miles of pipe
conveying spring water - to every part
of his ranch. The most lovely flowers
are on every side, the terraced hillsides
being .. outlined, with-the-, magnificent
scarlet geraniums which bloom so pro
fusely in thla California climate.
, The- poej has several lodges, and has
surrounded 'himself with educated men
and women, men and women who think
and act. Many who visit : the - ranch
merely for curiosity do not see the poet,
but whan we were announced as Orei
gonlans be welcomed us' with out.
stretched' hands, "saying, welcome, wel
come, dear friends!"
This remarkable personage la "truly e
young old man. He works out doors
each day.- His eye is bright, diffusing
the light of -intelligence' and' sleep
thought of the soul within." During the
short time we were with him ho; talked
of j Oregon pioneer men and women.
Tears filled his eyes when he spoke of
the departed, and he asked us to con
vey, messages of love to many whom he
named, and said he wished that he had
another life to spend in Oregon with
the friends of his early days. Ha said:
"I have traveled in many lands, bufr the
best and noblest men and women 1 ever
knew' were the pioneers of Orogon.'
When departing, In answer to a ques
tion from Mrs. .Galloway, who had
walked two miles up- the mountainside
to pay homage to the author of "The
Bravest of Battles;" he said: "I live
and labor- hAe in this solitude for a
purpose; ;. I strive to. impress iipon the
young not, to depend too much upon
beokni1 fr-eiHakteqok,"-twt"PoB'
alone do not make men."
i i,7lf i- ,
, He. gets inspiration , from the great
book of nature with which he holds a)
most constant communion. - His writ
ings teem with boautiful thoughts
conned from this Influences pn the hu
man soul lr r-ona which bear upon life
COMMENT AMD
SMALL CHANG 32
Roofspvelt thinks Boverldga is bully.
Oregon is also
cherries.
a world beater as to
No man is entirely friendless if he
has a dog.
Hay about all harvested,
drop of rain on It.
and not a
- Finest weather on earth, either for
vacationing or laboring. .
...-
" Some people can never be convinced
that they don't know it all.
Man near Plttsbure lived for Vears
ion 65 cents a,wee.k. ,Yef he died,
i 1 "''.. ., ' .''.- ' .", ... ', - . '.... , .
Party Insurgents are nothing new;
the Hemocratlc party has always had
'em.
It seems that Jeff knew he couldn't
fight a little bit, but be wanted the
Now we, suppose about 1700 young
darkies' wlll bvgln training to become
future champions.
- ..'..." ....... A -
O yes, . Johnson will retire when
Some pug serves him the way he served
effrles. They all do. - -
- .Pugilist 'Johnson would at least make
as respectable a Chicago slderqian as
Hinky. JDink or Bathhouse John.
. Probably the cost of living has also
inorensed in whatever place one goes
to take a vacation, as well as at home,.
Roosevelt will make a speech in be
half of Beveridge, . eminent. Insurgent,
Also, perhaps, for j Burrows or some
otner regular. . .... . . .... . -
The' annual' problem of what to. do
with the cat during vacation recurs. It
Isn't solved in the least by leaving
father at home. .
. - , . .
""Senator Carter , says that Roosevelt
wltt have a "soothing influence1' To
think of Roosevelt acting as a soothing
syrup is comical.
Manifestly Porter Charlton was crafcy
when he married the woman, whether
he was so when he killed he) or not.
And she 'was equally Insane in marrying
him. . , . -
"
A Pittsburg paper urges the appoint
ment of Congressman Dalzell as chief
Justice of the United States supreme
court Now wouldn't that be fine for
the trusts?
A 14-year-old girl spelled down every
bouv in an Oklahoma state spelling bee,
which may be a i more - admirable feat
than winning a championship at tennis
or basketball, ... .
, v.-; ' i, ' i. V .' i ::
"The Gervais fitar-. admits that its
statement - that- "the assembly move
ment was spreading like wtldnre" was
"extravagant language," but still con
tends that the movement Is Btrong, and
the editor, W. J. Clarke, candidly adds:
"If we could only get Hie same move
ment on our candidaVy for state printer
we would be more than pleased." ; '-,
Today is the date of the defeat of
General "Edward Braddock the British
commander of the king's forces In this
country in 1755. At i the time the
French possessed the valley of the Ohio,
and, with tha anslstanca of their Indian
allies, they devastated the English
frontier. Finally the English govern
ment awoke; to the necessity of vigor
ous measures to fescue the endangered
section, A canyiaiga , was, planned to
expel the French from Ohio,- and wrest
from them some portion of their Ca
nadian territory. The execution of this
great -design was intrusted to General
Braddock, with a force which it waa
deemed would overbear all resistance. -
Braddock was, a brave' and experi
enced soldier. ' He had learned the rules
of war, but had no capacity to compre-:
hend its principles, v. In the pathless
forests of America he could do nothing
better than strive to give literal effect
to those maxims, which he had found
applicable in the well trodden battle
grounds of Europe. .
The English general had heard such
accounts of Washington as a. soldier
that he invited him to Join his staff.
The latter, eager to efface the memory
of a recent defeat, accepted the offer.
Tha army finally began Its march west
ward from Alexandria. Braddock's ob
ject was to reach Fort Dequesne, the
great -center of Frencn Influence on the
Ohio. This fort had been built by the
English and taken from them by the
French. It stood at the confluence of
the Allegheny and Monongahela, which
form the Ohio river at this point. 1
Fort ' Ducpiesne ' ws a rude -piece of
fortification. The English commander
had no doubt that the fort woud yield
to him directly he showed. himself be
fore it. Benjamin Franklin looked at
the project with his Shrewd, cynical eye.
He told Braddock he would assuredly
take the fort if he Could only jeach it,
but that the long, slender line . which
bis army must form in Its march,
"would.be cut like thread into several
pieces" by the hostile Indians. Brad
dock Is said to have - ''smiled at his
ignorance." .' '.' 'V- r-" ' - "
Franklin was engaged to collect
horses and. carriages for the use of
the expedition, and he did what was re
in all its moods, for our poet of the
hills is also a student of human life,
having mingled much with the world in
earlier days. Tie has traveled in many
lands, and how in his declining years
finds pleasure and inspiration in the
iulet of, Bis:hlllsid8 home,, surrounded
by a few congenlar friends, where .his
work-is done in the light of day, as he
burns no midnight oil, but rettres with
the' birds and Is .up with their first
morning songs.; :. S: ' r ' ,': i ',:'. ":
, .With a warm handshake and an ear
nest "Qod bless you" "from the lips of
this remarkable man and poet of na
ture we wended our way down the moun
tain side into the, bustling, thrivirux city
of Oakland where , resides another of
Oregon's noted pioneers, W Lair Hill, I
thought a few of the debts due Oregon
from the. Golden State were her, sys
tem of Jurisprudence, her first gover
nor, Peter II. Burnett, her leading law
yer and Jurist, W, Lair Hill, and last,
though not least, Joaquin Miller, h the
poet and author, whose name and fame
is the pride of all Oregonrans.
WILLIAM GALLOWAY
Shall Charlton Escape? ;
From the Los -Angeles Times. '
Isn't it about time that one of these
"gilded youths" with nicotine stained,
murderous fingers, was compulsorily
made to yield-up the ghost In an eleotrlo
chair or at the business end of a stout
hempen ropef i, Four years ago Harry
Thaw killed Stanford White., yet - he
sees the sun rise every morning. And
now wa learn that Porter Charlton,
who murdered his wife and threw her
body, still warm, into Lake Como, in
Italy, -"is safe." He need not fear tho
gallows; alienists say. he is Insane, like
Thaw. . . i
Who will say that both these i well
connected murderers are not as sane as
thousands of free men who never have
been and never will bft suspected 6t I
jiiiiuiiussf . J.IUS young 1'orier cuartion
gave those on board the ship in which ha
returned to AmPri n .nn t h.
returned to America no reason to be
lieve that he was not in-his right mind.
Ha acted ss an ordinary criminal in en
deavoring to throw the officers of the
law off bis trail. He showed no signs of
the etraordinary curmlng which. -some
July 9 in History---Brad(!oclc8 Defeat"
NEWS IN BRIEF
or.ixoN sii)i:iJGin:s
Increase in telephone rates in : Pen
dleton is unreBsonable declares the
council of that city.
From one trp a Corvallls man plckerl
100 gallons of Koyal Anns cherries, and
thero are hot less than 15 gallons lctt
on -the tree. .
A general Improvement of conditions
in Coquille has been begun on a large
scale by the marshal with the .sanction
and under the Instructions of the city
council, says the Sentinel.' ' -
. ' - ;;; -
The general opinion of those wtjo"
have made the trip to Nehalem from
Tillamook over the countv road is that
it is the best In the state from every
stnndpoint, .'Bays the Ncbalom lCntei
prise. Echo is to have another alfalfa meal
factory. In the Echo country there is
enough alfalfa raised to supply many
meal ( factories with the raw product.
Furthermore alfalfa is a profitable crop
to raise. ; ,....., ..).
.... '- . -'; ,
' Very fine apples, pears, peaches,
plums, prunes, cherries, : loganberries,
raspberries, .both red and white, and
blackberries, were all grown without ir
rigation on a dry hill 800 feet higher
than the city of The Dalles.. . .
. ' . ':. ' ,.' V.'
i'.'That the farmers of Klamath cbunty
are prosperous and have a good bank
account-is shown by the .fact, that al
most $121,600 has been paid by them
Into the reclamation fund from the
Klamath project for the current year.'
'Old man Grant Of the Big Elk coun
try, had magnificent black bear, hide
on exhibition in Corvallls. It measured
more than six feet from tip to tip, nnd
when open measures a -like distance
across. The animal had to be shot three
times. ' .
Malheur county has begun a systematic-
improvement of her county
roads and from reports the result ia
very ; satisfactory. The county court
Tias Invested in some modern road build
ing machinery and finds the investment
a good one. i -
r Grain crops in Lane county will bo
superb, says the Eugene Reeister. Yield
of oats and other gralnfl this year Is
something great. A ride "through the
county shows the oats-aa high as the
fences and having well filled heads,
some of which are 18 Inches long.
A prominent Denver cspltallst, tonr
insr in an auto, tells the Klamath Fal!s
Chronicle) ''I believe you people have
the natural . resources here that are
bound to make this one of the grandest
sought after places of the world when
all of the goods thjngs to be found are
generally known." . . , . , .
'- While little noise is being made about
it, the present fishing season is proving.-
to he -one . of the bent : which the
Columbia river district has seen for
several vears, says the Astoria Budget:
Every class of gear has done well and
what Is of especial Interest to the com
munity at large, the glllnetters have as
a rule made unusually good, catches. -J.
quired of him in silence. The expedition
crept slowly forward, never achieving
mor than three cr four miles a day,
stopping, as Washington said, "tojevel
every, .molehill,-to erect a brldge'over
evpry-brnok.",- ' r' - " ' '
The expedition had ? left. 'Alexandria
on April 20, and It was not, until July
9 that Braddock,, with half his army,
was near the fort ; There was yet no
evidence, that resistance was Intended.
The army: marched-: along: a roadr 13
feet wide. In a ravine, with high ground
in front and on both aides. Suddenly
the Indlap,t war whoop burst from tha
woods. A'murderous, fire emote-down
the troops. The provincials, not un
used to this warfare, sheltered -themselves,
behind trees, and - fought With
steady courage. Braddock, clinging to
his old rules, .strove to maintain his
order of battle on- the Open ground. A
carnage, most grim and lamentable, was
the result. His undefended soldiers
were shot down by an unseen foe. For
three hours the. struggle lasted; then
the men broke and fled in utter rout
and panic. ...
Braddock, vainly fighting, fell mor
tally wounded, and was carried off the
l.eld by some of his soldiers. ) The poor
pedantic man-never got oyer his aston
ishment at a defeat so inconsistent with
the established rules of war.- "Who
would hive thought it?" be murmured,
as they bore htm from the field. He
scarcely spoke again, and died on July
13. .Nearly 00 men, kiMed and wounded,
were" lost in this disastrous encounter
about one half of the entire force en
gaged. -'--'" :....
July 9, 1686, is the date of the form
ing of the League of Augsburg, and the
day on which the articles of Confedera
tion were signed in 1778. It Is the
birthday of Thomas West,' Lord Dela
ware (1577); Ellas Howe,' the Inventor
(1819); Philip V. Bliss, the .composer
(1S38): John D. Rockefeller, the mer
chant 1839), and William F. Vilas,
secretary nf the 'Interior 'and post
master geneaal under Cleveland (1840..
It is the date of the death of Zachary
Taylor, twelftfi president of the United
States (1850). ,'. ' -'' ..
doctors - assert accompanies madness.
He was merely an. ordinary man among
ordinary people. Those on shipboard
were astonished to learn, after his ar
rest, "that he was accused of murder;
and In fact, confessed the crime.
'Now, however. New Tork reporters'!
vividly describe him as sitting in his
cell, "Jabbering, shrieking and laughing,"
This Insanity seems to have come very
suddenly upon the young man. Of course
it is gravely argued that he must have
been , insane at the time of tha murder.
But would a madman have taken such
pains to get rid of the body "of his mur
dered Wife?. ; Would be not rather have
stayed by' the corpse and "Jlbbered, and
shrieked, and laughed," careless of what
became of himselft ,..,.;;'i: i
But, it will be earnestly explained, as
In the ease of Thaw, that insanity quick,
ly passed. Charlton was' miraculously
restored to his right mind. Perchance
the evil spirit left him and entered Unto'
a nearby herd of pigs, if there happen
to be any pigs in Italy, This madman
spent several days in Europe, coming in
contact, with numerous people who saw
no evidence of an Ophelian state of
mind. ' -' "" - .
Now be is back in America, within the
shadow pf the grim electrio chair, and
again tbat awful Insanity seizes him.
How exceedingly apropos! How' very
kind of ' madness to, be Johnny on the
spot, so that Charlton may never occu
py1; that awful "seat into which the
blighting current flows! -
If it, were right that Charlton should
escape the death that is his due, we
should gladly hold up thumbs to Bave a
young man. no matter that depravity
oozes from his finger ends. But the
safety of the publio demands that Jus
tice b not overburdened with,, mercy.
The taking of life by private people to
satisfy private quarrelshas become al
together too common. To use a truism,
an example should be made of one of
these young men who are too free with
revolvers, hammers, or the fit-st weapon
they find' conven
GrantSi Pass Outlook: Th& sight of
plump, healthy "apples of the vintage of
1909 smiling across the grocer's able
at a collection of new crop fruit iajust
another instance of how wa make both
ti)ida meet in Oregon.,
f T ' 'oi ' rri
By Miles Ovn-1-.ok
"In your reference to tha foundering
of that ehip loadod with returning con
victs who were drowned you- say: 'The
breakers were dashed to pieces in the
frothing waters.' During 'my long ex
perience I, have never seen breakers
in the middle of the ocean, nor did I
ever hear of them being dashed to
pieces on -themselves," said the city edi
tor to the new reporter. -.' '
"That's all light," said the cub, . "I
referred to the law-breakers."
But Just the same he "was transferred
to the business office the next day.
ANCIENT RUINS AND OTHERS. ,
The cliff dwellers did their ..reigning
several years ago. ... They were more or .
tess few and in order to reign Success
fully they were necessitated to get It
over with before foreigners began tp
populate the -country.
Their" houses, were whittled out of "
the rocks with mallets, and it took a"
dozen years, or more to build a hen
house. Before a young man could get
married he had to build a house with -two"
rooms and a bath and it required '
a good deal of physical exercise. I fre- .
quently get up in the middle of flie
night and shake hands with myself he
cause I am not a cliff dweller. .. - '
The ruins of the dwellings of the
cliff dwellei-s are a good deal inaccess
ible, except those near Manitou, Col.,
which were built at great expense and
labor a few. years ago. " t . ... .,,
Two or three gentlemen and I paid
a man 60 cents apiece for the privilege
of, walking up a hill upon which wa had
to travel on all fours to keep from fall
ing off. At the top were the "ruins."
i The ruins were a great sight and were
almost as good as new, I like to gaze
In wonder on old relics of bygone his-'
tory and feel glad tnat times have
changed. . : " :
As soon as I had acquired enough t
breath to operate my tongue I inquired .
of the one eyed guide bow long it took -them
to haul the rocks to the top of
the hill, and ha got mad and went over ;
to where some ladies were standing and -pointed
- out the awe inspiring barb- -wire
fencr around the ruins, which was ;
built by the dwellers to keep the chil
dren from falling out the window.
I f didn't think : I was unreasonable
about the matter. I paid 6ft cents'and
I thought I was entitled to ask ques
tions. Once I saw., a baby incubator
which contained two beautiful infants
that looked almost as natural as life
and . when J asked the man what , they
were made of he gave me my IB cents
back and told ine not to slam, the door
when I Went out.
But to return to the ruins. The guide i,
showed us several show cases full of
pottery and slMge -. hammers- and. 'the -like...
I picked up a red and yellow fn- .
ger boWl, or something, when the-guide
wasn't looking and looked at some cabal,
iatlo letters -on the bottom of it with a
magnifying glass. It was quite Interest
ing: It j-ead-m &JVl 001898.?-: I
asked the guide what It meant, and he
took the howl away frotn me without
uttering word. I think now that I
must hava offended, nlm Injpnujiiaii.
ner. . '.,.-' r v. ,
:. After thSt I went away and sat down.
I wanted to ponder of the ruins awhile.
I didn't stay Jong, however. -; I am a
pretty fair portderer when I am' lying ;
on the sofa, but sitting on a cactus
that is not expecting, company is not at
at all1 conducive to pondering. : I re
member that 1 got up impulsive like
and kicked, that cactus in the ribs ;
oouple of times before I noticed that it
was resenting it by showing its teeth.
After that I left it alone, I have some
of its teth now.
When lunch time arrived I was asked '
to sit down and have, something, but, I
said I -would rather stand up and to let
some of the ladies have my place. "
. The guids talked to ms a good deal ,
after that - He wanted to know what I-thought-
of the cactus as an ancient
ruin, He, said for a ruin-tha cactus
plant was about as successful as any
thing be knew of. And then ha would
wink the only eye he had and chuckle
In, a low, -vulgar manner. .
The Progress of Insurgency.
' From the Public
A high note In Republican politic
wa struck last week by Glfford rtnehot
and James A, Garfield at St PauL The .
insurgency which La Follette began and ...
has fought for steadily, and toward ,
which Cummins, Dolliver, Murdock and
a handful of other Republican leaders ;
In western states have turned, is vital
ized as a national movement by - those ;
speeches. They hold aloft the-old Re
publican hanner of moral ideals, under '
which the' Republican- party -originally
won in American politics the place It'
has long since Justly ' forfeited and is ,
now beginning visibly to lose. Whether -purposely,
or not, Mr. Pinchot'a speech
sketches in broad wtline, and Mr. Gar- .
fields' acentuatcH, the .. issues ; in - our
politics which having; torn the Demo
cratic party hopelessly asunder ars at
last pulling tho Republican party apart. ,
The development of those Issues lis ap
parently leading on toa complete na- C
tional realignment of parties, with privi
leged interests on one side and a genu
ine democracy, alive with moral Ideals,
ou the ether. What, the attempted ex- '.
tension -of - slawry-"" was to- American -politics
In tha fiftios, the obstruction of -trade
by tariffs and of original produc- .
tion by land monopoly, promise to be to
American politics now; and la that con- -nection
the - Plnchot and Garfield
speeches . bave 'much the sound of "a t
clarion call. , , , , '
(Contributed to The Journal by Walt Mon.
the famous Hnusni poet. Hli prose-pocax n
reftulsr tur of till columo la lb Dull
Journal.) ... : ; i : m - . ,.
She worked so . hard, the long, long
day, at putting, mislaid things awayi at"
sweeping all the floors and stairs, and
shaking tugs, and dusting chairs and
cleaning grease marks from the doors,,
and forty thousand other chores. And
when her. husband came' at night, his
cottage was a cheering sight'- But. he
like many -of his kind, though' having
two good ' eyes, . was blind; he never
gave a glance or thought - to all the
things his ' wife had wrought ' He
stretched .himself upon two chairs, and
talked about hi8 selfish -cares..-She want-,
e.d just a word of praise,; and he dis
cusaed his' evil days; she wanted Just a
little smile, and ho observed that times
were vile. She wanted bread, and got a
stone, and bowed her head to weep alone.
A man ,may lug a lot of gems, and vel-
brighten, up her. life one-half JU much
n he might- do if he would give, at
tlmtSj a lew ; kind words that do not -cost
a yen, but make hex heart grow
young a gain.,-v.- ' -.- y . -v -
. Copvrl;-ht; HHO, by ' ' ftS JJf .
rXrAV Taw (
; , ' 1 . ' - . --.y ' . - ' , '. - ....
TKe Housewife