THE JOURNAL
AW INDBPEN'DBXT SEWSPAPEH.
c. a. JACKSON.
.Publisher
Publlaned ewry .nln P. "L?,
mtf Sunday monrfn at The J' ."'lij
lnf.-KrUi U taaahlU atrwt. Portland, Or.
" Entered at tne portofflce t Portland, Or ., for
tranamlaatou tnroufb tia nulla as aecoud-clam
matter.
4-
TELEPUONES MAIN J173. HOMB, A061.
All Jprtmn: reached by theae numbwj.
Tel! the peretor the department yon want.
Eaat Bid oHtee. B 24; Eaat S.S9.
FOBEION ADVEHTT8IN6 KEPRESKNTATIVK.
rrrUnd-Bnimln Special Adertlslng Agency.
, Brnrnwirk KulMln. 225 Fifth areiia, New
Hark; 1007-08 Boyc Building. Cblcaio.
Subscription Ternrn by mall or to any address
. In the Doited States. Canada or Mexico:
. ,: . v DAILY.
Co year ..$5.00 i On month $ .50
, SUNDAY.
On year 81.60 I One month I .25
' DAILY-ANB SUNDAY.
One rear.. $7.50 l one month I .63
It Is not your posterity,
but your actions, that will
perpetuate your memory.
Bonaparte.
THE COUNTRY ROAD
T IS impossible to build roads
, without money. Somebody has
I to supply the money. If not the
, -roads cannot be Improved. On
this point there can be no difference
, of opinion.
At SalehV there' fs a plan to have
the state bear three eighths of the
, cost ' of ' road ' construction. The
state's Intervention is contingent on
the-county providing three eighths
and the taxpayers of the district the
remaining two oeighths. The; plan.
In the requirement for the taxpayers
first to assess .themselves,1 is based
On the theory." of" self-help.- The
taxpayer must take the initiative ana
invest his own money or he can have
no roads. Incentive Is held out to
him In the offer of aid by the state
and county ' It Is a plan that has
the indorsement of those who have
devoted great study to the road Is
sue in Oreg94,andj have been the
most zealous pioneers in working for
a, system of ..best highways. It Is
also the plan in vogue In many of
the' states. The vital point In the
whole question Is the very Important
one of whether ornpt we want good
roads. We Xnow that all plans of
therjiast J) ate' failed. Systems have
changed and methods drifted. One
experiment' after, another has been
tried and practically all have ended
In failure. -The one In vogue yes
terday has been put aside for an
other today. In" all, the rules of
scientific, road construction have
usually been ignored or violated. In
abort we have for 'more than 50
years pursued a haphazard, hit-and-miss
policy and the result la thac
our' roads are but little better than
In the beginning. We know that
unless we make a change of policy
there will be.no change for r the bet-
I . 1 . l. T 1 .... 41.
icr iua iuui, wf uimi tu uu uiiuunu
an,. Indefinite period dragging weary
loads over, "costly roads.
It is estimated that Oregon loses
$1,000,000 a year on account of In
adequate roads.- Some authorities
place the figures much higher. The
average "cost per mile for hauling
product over the country highways
is 25 to 40 cents per .ton. An ade
quate road system 'would reduce it
.to less than half those figures. The
"waste of effort, waste of substance,
-waste of time and waste to life is
an enormous toll. It costs in dol
lars lost infinitely more than it
would cost to build good roads. It
Interferes with the happiness and
Comfort of men, makes life harder
and living more difficult. If better
xnent is sought, there must be a
Jchange of policy. If better roads are
to be provided they must be paid for,
and with money. There is no other
tarftT. The auestion is with the lee-
Islature for settlement. Is ' there
one man in Oregon that prefers bad
roads to good ones?
. . , .
year, in spite of deficits, we are
spending $135,000,000 on the navy.
It is more than 10 times as much as
was spent in 18S6, when the expen
diture was 13 millions. By con
trast, it is the remarkable in na
tional naval outlay. So extraordi
nary a reversal of policy was never
made by a nation before, and pfob
ably never will be again. Begin
ning in 1878, our expenditure of
17 millions, ran as low as 13 mil
lion in 1886 and not above 16 mil
lions until 1889. Thereafter it rose
gradually to 31 millions in 1894,
and droDDed to 2 7 millions in 1896
With the Spanish war It jumped to
58 millions in 1898, was 63 millions
in 1899, 53 in 1900, 60 in 1901, 67
in 1902, 82 in 1903, 102 In 1904,
117 in 1905, 110 in 1906, 97 in 1907
and 118 In 1908. All in all, is. the
new naval career upon which we
have entered national sanity or
armed frenzy?
THE RECHECKING REGULATION
N'
OT ONLY Portland but Puget
sound cities as well object to
the requirement of the Hill
roads for the rechecklng of
baggage at Portland. The Tacoma
Ledger says: "Convenience of
travel in the northwest next sum
mer will be immensely increased if
the railroads do away with this reg
ulation." It is supposed that the
object is to Induce travelers to
choose a route by which the rail
roads can make a little more money
and at the same time avoid recheck
lng a great deal of baggage. This
Is perhaps legitimate, but it is
doubtful if It will pay in the long
run, for it is a poor policy to cause
annoyance If not some extra expense
to a great many people. Eastern
visitors to the PacUlc northwest,
who are coming in great numbers,
will naturally prefer to return by a
route different, at least in part, from
that by which they came, and It will
be to the ultimate interest of the
railroads to accommodate- them as
fully and please them as well as pos
sible.
The Interstate Commerce commis
slon has set February 18 for a hear
iflg on the "Portland Gateway" ques
tion, but unless the northern roads
have some better ground for this
regulation than appears on the sur
face, they would do a popular and
commendable act by abrogating this
annoying rule before that time. The
freest possible movement ,of travel
throughout the Pacific northwest,
with no discrimination against any
portion of it, Is the people's desire
and due, and will eventually be
beneficial to the railroads.
CALIFORNIA'S WILLAMETTE
PROJECT.
C
IS IT ARMED FRENZY?
ft
i HE TREASURY deficit is fast
mounting toward $100,000,000.
It will soon pass that figure.
It was because of the deficit,
they say, that practically no money
'was available at this session for
.rivers and harbors.
; At Newport News Saturday we
launched a great warship, it is de
scribed as the most powerful fight
ing leviathan afloat. It can slaugh
ter more people and destroy more
property . than any battleship ever
Jbullt. We have four ships building
like her and have authorized two
more. v '
At Chicago the same day Admiral
Evans referred to the Delaware and
declared that we must have a whole
squadron like her, and that we are
going to have, v. navy so powerful
that all the nations of the earth will
fear ui.' "InnEngland the same day
a crisis was on in which the deadly
issue was .whether that nation, borne
'aiown" with the . almost unbearable
burden of her navy,, shall continue
or abandon her policy of naval ex
pansion. Almost simultaneously there
va adnrttaul , hr i Via TTnlraut Ctoto.
congress a resolution by Hale pro
riding for i an investigation of the
nary yards because of the allegatior
that 40 per cent of the $127,000,000
rent on. them since 1898 has been
wasted. All this, with the - .con
fessed fact, that in ten years or less,
after it is built, a battleship is obso
lete, awakens wonder of why we go
r.-u arming at so furious a rite. We
are at peace with the world, Since
the government was brgahizeavmore
than J?o yars sgo, we hate bad but
iw o . us fequli-laxa tiavy.CYet t&ig
ALIFORNIA has a plan for fed
eral aid for her rivers that Is
almost Identical with that for
an open Willamette In Oregon.
The legislature at Sacramento wants
the San Joaquin, Feather and Sacra
mento rivers Improved, and will con
tribute from state funds $400,000 for
the purpose if the federal govern
ment can be induced to appropriate
a similar amount and . take control
of the Improvements. The fact Is
decidedly propitious for the plan in
Oregon. Mutual interest will bring
the aid of the California congres
sional delegation to the Oregon pro
ject, and vice versa. The joined
issues will make the case of both
stronger. The precedent for one will
be the precedent for the other, and
the trend will be In the direction of
making the policy general. The plan
is so just In Its conception that con
gress cannot, as the number of such
projects increase, very well resist the
demand for federal aid for them. It
is of the utmost consequence for the
Oregon senate to meet the broad
policy of the Oregon house, and give
the state a measure that can be held
up to congress as decisive and un
questioned. This it is believed the
senate will do, whereat the
foundation will be laid for deliver
ance of a large section of the state
from freight rates that are 3 0 years
old and as over-high as they are
aged.
tains and develop the mines, and to the cost of the canal and the real
go to me water powers and. harness cost. The former was S129.00O.O00
them by electrical appliance for Ore- while Kittridge now says that the
gun inausmes. n is feeding the canal will finally cost not less than
state witn militant young men taken $400,000,000.' As he is a "knocker.'
raw and sent ont skilled to set in this may be an. exaggeration, but It
mouon exactly the forces needed to is certain that the cost will be hear
maae Oregon grow; in wealth and ly it not more than double the e
greatness, it Is one , of those col- tlmates. As to the proposed change
leges that in his special message on I It will not now be made. If. as re-
country life, President Roosevelt ported, , Mr., Taf t and the engineers
says are working enormous Influ-Jwho accompanied him have decided
ence ior me country's social and to carry on the present nroiect. It
economic uplift. 1 is a matter for engineers to decide
Oregon owes support to its ag- and like doctors, preachers, editors
ncuiiurai college. The t state ac- and other mortals, thev disaeree.
cepted the land grant from the fed- - .
eral government and agreed to fur- Richard A. Ballinger of Seattle
nisn Duiimngs and equipment and nas returned to that city from the
keep them in repair. It had to "8t, and says he has come back to
make that promise or the lands close up his business affairs there so
would not have been given. The 1 as to return to Washington on March
slate Is In duty bound to keep the 1. WbHe' he says he has received
faith. Not one dollar of the federal I no official notification of his ap-
endowment can be spent for build- polntment to a cabinet position, it
ings, equipment or repairs. .There may be considered settled from the
is not enough room at the college fact stated that he will be a member
for the students seeking education I of the iiew cabinet, and it Is sup
there. Every building and . every I posed he will be appointed secretary
class room is congested and over- of the Interior. Mr. Ballinger Is no
flowing. The growth has been mar J doubt excellently qualified for this
velous. The like has not been seen position, or for any one of several
in any state In the union. The 1 others in the cabinet. He is an able
growth is itself the proof of the ex-1 lawyer and a first claBs business
cellence and desirability of the work, man, and in a short time as commls-
Students go where they get what! sloner of the general land office he
they want ana need. A further I made a phenomenally good record
growth Is certain, and full provision Seattle, and the state of Washington,
should be made in equipment and Bnd the Pacific northwest, and the
buildings to meet tt. me state Pacific coast, are all to be congratu
must keep faith with the federal hated On this probable appointment,
government and make good its con- and in turn congratulate Mr. Bal
tract to supply adequate equipment linger. He will be the fourth tab
and buildings. It cannot in honor inet member from the Pacific coast,
do less. I the others being Georee H. Williams
I of Oregon, attorney general under
ink, ATr.lt CODE Grant.' Joseph McKenna of Califor
I nia. who held the same office under
i iMUi ne amazing n tne state McKinlev. and Victor H. Metcalf
senate prevents passage of the also of California, eecretary of com-
water tfie. i ne uouse passeo. TOerce and ,abor and later secretary
u uy an aiuu.Bi unanimous vote. of the n&yy under Roosevelt.
The only Influences that oppose it
are the selfish interests. They' seek Tnft Btate Benate did well to give
to aggrandize themselves by seizing genator Abraham's Puritan Sunday
water powers and water rights with- b,n a nockout blow. It was un-
out fegard to the rights of the pub- reasonably drastic. A portion of
lie therein, and by possession to the peop,e nave no rlght (o ,mpose
create monopolies and aggregated tnelr religlou8 idea8. beliefs or prac-
privilege through which to exploit t,ce8 upon tne whf)le peopie. 0urs
the people. It is the old game of Js a pureIy 8ecular a wholy .nonre-
the few by cunning and craft secur- ,,, tv.rr.mnt Bn fniinrlorl in
ing vantage ground for exploitation order tQ escape great evUg that nad
of the many. It is a process con
demned by a bitter experience with
our lands, our forests, our coal, our
Iron, our oil and other natural re
sources, which' by inalienable right
belong to the whole people.
The contest in the state senate is
the old one of the people veflus cor
porate and plutocratic interests.
The lines of demarcation are firmly
and distinctly drawn. There is no
possibility of misunderstanding. The
whole matter has been thrashed out
until the issues are definitely fixed.
The final vote will determine to a
certainty what senators are for the
corporations and what others are for
preserving to the people those in
afflicted and decimated European
countries for centuries. A weekly
rest and recreation day is well, but
lave concerning It should be liberal
aija such as most people will ap
prove. The aim of a Sunday law
should be to benefit the people gen
erally,' not to enact religious belief.
There must be broad tolerance and
wide lines of latitude in making one
day different from others. People
need recreation, amusement, a
weekly break in the monotony of the
workaday week, but beyond prohib
iting ordinary, everyday business,
except what is practically necessary,
and closing the saloons, -the people
alienable rights that are theirs by 8hld be eft to "? e week,y
destiny and the laws of natural " cc
ordpr
Taft was elected president yester-
partyday; at least the votes that elected
mm were iiul wuuicu aim au-
nounced till then. But all this elec
toral part of the affair Is merely a
formality, really the people elected
Taft last November, just as the peo
ple should elect their senators, the
legislatures merely counting the re
turns and casting their votes ac
cordingly.
COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF
SMALL CHANGE
Only a week more, besides holidays,
No time to waste. i
"The Sabbath' Was made for 'man, not
man ior me oaoDaio. ,
Instead of vested rights, they are
usually vested wrongs. ' ,
The Abraham Puritan Runrlav bill ma
anotner gooa one to kill. ., ,
Nobody can deny that Bill Sundav haa
a gin or vol u Die verDiage.
TPViAn mAnoh VI.. - A
no Dysianaer says juaas out loua.
We ere not to hare vottna machines.
and machine voter are becoming; scarce.
Surely the hatpin bill, if oaased. would
nave oeen government witnout repreaen-tation.-
.
It is a wonder some reformer! don't
object to the Panama canal becauee it
nas a aam.
. :
Orea-on waa born as a state lust "hofYi'
de wah." It haa lived through wonder
ful changes. ;
After all. the legislature haa already
done much good work in killing fool
bills but not enough.
Very likely a lot of Jans will oroteat
against repainting our battleships gray.
ima i una an inouii 10 Drown men?
The nrlce of the New Orleans Taft
dinner will be $25 per- And alligators
are said to be plentiful down there, too.
By the way the Dlatform Dledred
statehood to Arliona and New- Mexico.
But what's a pledge to some politicians
Still. If Sunday induces or Imoels any
considerable number of men to quit
drinking boose, the rest can be forgiven.
Root thinks he Is all Haht. nf eourae.
but what does he think of Piatt and
Depew, and of legislatures that elected
them.
Every legislature makes Chamberlain
more popular. If he were to run again
this Rnrfng he would have about 25,000
majority. .
Colonel Hofer says there should be 10
new counties In Oregon. If he will men
tion, the new county seats, he will run
well there.
A proper observance nf Lincoln's one
hundredth birthday, one with thought
upon his character and work, ought to
be beneficial.
Detroit News: Abraham Lincoln be
lieved that the plain people could bo
trusted, but then Abraham Lincoln was
a statesman. -
A panic trust, organized by the Indus
trial trusts, could probably get anything
It wants at Washington, remarks the
Brooklyn Eagle.
A New York man started a voting con
test for the meanest man In that town,
and the list of entries Is so long that
no newspaper could publish it.
A Detroit minister says that "no man
hould kiss a woman on the lipe, nor
hould any woman kiss a man on the
lips." Very likely, but a great many
people won t do or not do Just as they
ougTitf spTfe of all aaVtee and warning.
The president of Panama has pro
tested against the language of Repre
sentative Ralney and thus has got Into
print. Otherwise nobody but a few
government officials would have ever
heard of him or known who he was.
Roosevelt is the real president of Pan
ama, if you please.
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Two monster bald eagles were seen
last week at Coon Hollow in Marion
county, . - :
The dally output of doors at the Sea
side sash and door factory during tho
mat wee.: averaged ciose to 4vuu.
It does seem as If there Is, or. might
to .a strong probability tnat an eleo
trie railroad would be built between
Astoria and Seaside, says the Signal.
Tillamook TTnrald? A aiva Xtmnh
drunks came in from the Fairvlew
aanc, out they put the brakes on as
on as wiey struck the city limits.
The Mvrtle Cfeelr Mnll nv iha h
groundhog: "waa probably drowned any
way, so even if the sun should have
ihere wa" no hK to make a
VYim WOO! HrfJ anartna.
andjverjr indication of a f bountiful
wheat prop, eastern- Oregon people
,,t ,,' prepare to smile. But they
wiL..Bmi.la nyway. says the East Ore-
If tlmbatr land hsii hun
their true valuatlorv in ihli Knnntv
every. Individual had given to the as
sessor all his property, the ta levy
.J ueen- uDoiu i. minr less.
oj iun enterprise Mews-Record.
'A Waarm Anilntv' mftn akn awm
1SO0 acre trart nf luni) ... n T
Grande will put 1000 acres of It Into th
ivs110" Project. . This is not the oi.ly
1000 acre man on the list anit ther ra
several too acre subscriptions and moit
ltnd 0wner8 f the district are dolus
"With letters nf inn h1iv noilrlno. intr,
the commercial cluh promotion depart
ment at the average rate of 100 per
any, we nave every assurance that
Lane county is the oblectlva nnlnt
sought by thousands of homeseekers
who are coming west in .droves this
year, says the Register.
Portland Parties bnucht 18 head nf
heavy draft horses while on their re
cent trip to this locality, says the La
Orande Star. The horses averaged over
1400 pounds and one. a cominar S-year-
old. weighed 1600. The average price
paid was $200 per head. This firm has
paid out about $6000 for horses in this
valley in the past 'two months.
Jacksonville has a charter but there
in no part of it in Jackaohvllle. says
the Post. It has been repeatedly amenJ
ed but we have not been able to see
the public document. There has not
boon an ordinance passed by the city
board since 1900 that is legal. That Is
the reason we could not find the charter.
William MacKensle Is preparing t
hull J the largest barn in the county on
his valuable farm near Weston, says
the Leader. It will have a concrete
basement 40x80 feet In slse. constructed
with a concrete floor and a convenient
driveway. The barn will be 48 fe.-t
high and will accommodate ubout 25
head of stock. Its cost Is estimated ;n
the neighborhood nf 13600.
Grants Pass Record: In Oregon, and.
In fact. In many parts of the northwest,
a transition from a grglngrowing . and
stockraislng country to one of small
farms devoted to Intensive agrlcultur:
In rapidly taking place. Where now ex
ist vast sage-covered plains, valleys and
hill slopes, extensive) ranges devoted to
the raising of cattle, horses and sheep,
and grain ranches covering hundreds
or acres, mere win. wunin me neai iaw
years, be- established a multitude of
small farms devoted to intensive agri
culture. Where now exists here, snd
there an unpretentious and cheerless
ranch house there will in a few yean
be scores of prosperous, happy homes.
TL TF AT TVT
-M.t e avt jjw Jk
TV 1VTTTVTTNT17
1 MM
A'
Blessed Are They 'ho Die. '
RE we not in sore need of regen
eration In the matter ' of -our
treatment of our beloved dead?
Are we' not almost ready i"
these twentieth century days, to
come out from outgrown superstitions'
and to act with a Christian conscience
in this circumstance?
, Let us merely consider a true inci
dent which . touches this matter very
closely.
' Recently the dear little arrandmother
In a tender and affectionate family fin
ished her earthly wora and folding her
...w kwiui woiu peacexuny co site
wvxiiy us a lime cmiu s siumue
came to her the deeper sleep which
anows no earthly waking. And whe
"o (iicin ucra til im r m 1 1 v oamaa in iiiii
her and stood beside her they found that
the gentle spirit bad fled.
w au anow : what usually happens
m i tunny wnen inis arreat c nana-a
in
comes to any member of It. There is
iiie nurriea removal or all that hn
been associated with the dear one. text
soma one's sensibilities be shocks).
There is the giving away to the deep
est of woe; there Is the hanging of
crepe upon door, front and the sum
mons co sewing women to come and
profane the newlv huahail hnninhnl.l
with the whirr of sewing machines mak
ing ready mourning garments; thero
are the undertaker's assistants placing
the dear form in stiff funeral postiH"t
and surrounding It with black cuaknt
and draperies; there Is the shut doov,
tne awea tone, the unnatural tension
U4on heart strings that are almowt
breaking with sorrow. There la. in
short, a sort of solemn mummery that
treats the earthly form of the dear
one as an object of feaf. of dread, of un
natural awe.
All the close, tender assnctnrlnna Hmr
held that life while the spirit was with
in it In the closest touch with every
little hope and trouble nf th nihur
members of the family are at once cut
off and the one who dwelt among us
so familiarly is treated as a something
awful and fearful.
Look now . at this better, more sin
cere, more beautiful way of acting to
ward one who has merely passed from
one home to another; who. has gone
upon the same Journey that we must
all take, and who, while yet loving,
hoping and caring, has entered the bet-
itiiiK ui, -irm worm.
lfln
Collier's Weekly remarks
collars sTt looser today than at any
time since Madison. The passing of
the generation which remembers the
civil war as a living fact has done
much; the direct primary, when It
is universal, may do more." As
people become more intelligent aQd
observant, they gradually, If reluct
antly, conclude, that except on the
occasion of some great crisis or over
towering issue, like disunion, party
is used principally as a means of de
luding, humbugging and In one way
or another swindling the people.
A STATK OBLIGATION
A'
I.L NECESSARY Rupnort should
be given by the state to the
agricultural college, n is an
Institution that Is closp to the
people. It hag bepn wiselv kept
within reach of the masses. Over
1300 students attend it and 79 per
cent of them earn a part of their own
living. Thirty-one per cent or them,
according to President Kerr's report
earn it all. It is a school where
the lowly and the moderate homes
are represented. Students come
from every county in the state, and
the fact that there are ovpt 1200 of
them proves that the institution
gives Instruction that is wanted by
young people. If this is not true,
why are so many there?
The institution is In a field of its
own. It is the creation of congress
and its work is laid out by federal
regulations. It is founded on the
idea of Intensely utilitarian Instruc
tion. In its every part, the Oregon
institution has been brought in com
plete harmony with the federal gov
ernment's plan.- It is in intimate
touch with ciwntry.life. it Instructs
young women In the science and arts
of the home. It trains young men
for modern agriculture, modern man
ufacture and modern commerce it
is sending out over the state voung
men highly trained in modem or
charding, aftodern livestock k.nin.
and modern dairying.' .; It is training
vicfcuu ouia w go into the moun.-
When a candidate for the Illinois
assembly,' Lincoln publtshed an an
nouncement in the Illinois (Spring
field) Journal, in which, referring
to his constituents, he said: "While
acting as their representative I shall
be governed by their will off all sub
jects upon which I have the means
of knowing what their will is." One
may Infer from this that If Lincoln
had lived in Oregon In these days he
would have been a Statement No. 1
man.
Secretary of the Treasury Cortel
you, it is announced, will soon be
come president of the consolidated
gas company in NewvYork. This Is
a natural, proper move for a secre
tary of the treasury. They nearly
all go to New York to serve some
big bank or corporation, at an im
mense salary. Mr. Cortelyou is to
be congratulated, and the country
still more. Mr. Taft could not well
make a change for the worse if he
tried. w
The mayor is right in urging the
revocation of the licenses of saloon
men who violate any of the ordl:
nances regulating the conduct of sa
loons.. This is what the law pro;
vides, and it should be enforced.
Give the saloons all the privileges
the law allows; no more. And the
easiest and most effectual way to
stop illegal practices in saloons is to
revoke the licenses of those who vio
late the laws.
Senator Kittridge, chairman of
the Panama canal committee, op
poses the proposed canal bond issue
and wants to change the project,
even at this late date, to a sea-level
Instead of a lock canal. Kittridge
has the reputation of being a '.'rail
road senator." Which may account
tor y his opposition, but he Js : sup-i
ported by many who are, not sus
pected of having sinister motives. Jt
is certain that there will be an enor
mous difference a' amount between
the engineers' original estimate of
If Harrlman neglects to build any
railroad In Oregon this year also,
what are the people going to do
about it? Nothing? Nor be pre
pared to do anything? Are we to
wait another period of 10 or 20
years for urgently needed railroads
If Mr. Harrlman decides to wait so
long before building any In the
state? -
This Date in History.
NJ776 Governor Wright of Georgia,
escaped from the patriots.
-1804 Congress extended v the bound
ary of Mississippi Territory northwest
to the 36th degree or latitude.
1S12 Alexander H. Stephens, vice'
president of the Confederate states of
America, Dorn near vrawioraBvme, u.
Died In Atlanta, March 4, 1883.
1829 Andrew Jackson arrived In
Washington in anticipation of his in
auguration as president of the United
States.
1833 Melville W. Fuller, chief jus
tice of the supreme court of the United
States, born In Augusta, Me.
1862 Elizabeth City, N. C. occupied
by Federal troops.
1873 King Amadous of Spain abdi
cated. 1899 Archibald Lampman, Canadian
poet, died. Born November 17, 1861.
1903 United 'States senate ratified
the Alaska boundary treaty.
1908 The 100th anniversary of the
discovery of the combustibility of an
thracite coal celebrated at Wllkes
Barre, Pa.
G. Mott Williams' Birthday. .
Gershom Mott Williams, bishop of
the Protestant Episcopal diocese of
Marquette, Mich., was born at Fort
Hamilton, N. Y., February 11, 1867, the
son of Brigadier General Thomas Wil
liams of the -United States army. He
fraduated from Newburgh academy In
871 and from 1876 to 1877 he studied
at Cornell university. After his edu
cation was completed he entered upon
a mercantile career, but this he aban
doned to study Jaw and In 187 he was
admitted to the Michigan bar." The
learai profession he abandoned in turn
for the. ministry. He was ordained to
the ministry In 1880 and thereafter
occupied pastorates successively In Buf
. -. Detroit. Milwaukee and Marquette.
Since 1894 he has been bishop of the
Marquette diocese. In addition to his
pastoral work Bishop Williams has
made a wide reputation as an able
writer. ; .
"Law! Lawtt Law!i:w,,
' - From the Astorlan.
1 Ars the people law-mad as well as
monev-mad? if not. they soon must be
If - this course is, to be . pursued many
mora years. . The. codes are now a mass
of conflict and confusion as to the pre
cedence and effect of the myriad laws
already In' existence; and with the peo
ple taking a hand, upon Initiative and
referendum bases, heaven alone knows
wher the Insane farce Is to -end..
AS the statutes. stand, today in Ore-j
" . : V - ' -
FAMOUS GEMS OF PROSE
"The Declaration of Independence" By John D. Long
(From an oration delivered before the
city council and cltlsens of Boston,
July 4. 1882).
Hancock is In the president's chair;
before him sit the half hundred dele
gates who represent America. Among
the names it is remarkable how many
there are that have since been famous
In our annals. The committee appoint
ed to draft the declaration are: Jeffer
son, youngest and tallest; John Adams;
Sherman, shoemaker; Franklin, printer,
and Robert R. Livingston. If the
patriot, Samuel Adams, at the sunrise
of Lexington could say, "O, what
glorious morning!" how well might we
have renewed In the more brilliant
noontime of July 4. 1778, the same
prophetic words!
There is nothing In the prophecies of
old more striking and impressive than
the words of John Adams, who de
clared the event would be celebrated
by succeeding generations as a great
anniversary festival and commemor
ated as a day of deliverance from one
end of the continent to the other; that
through all the gloom be could see
the light; that the end was wortn au
the means, and that posterity would
triumph in the transaction. I am not
of those who overrate the past. I
know that the men of 1778 had the
common weaknesses and shortcomings
of humanity. I read the declaration
of Independence with no feeling of
awe; and yet. If I were called upon
to select from the history of the world
any crisis rrander, loftier, purer, more
heroic I should not know where to
turn.
It seems simple enough today, but It
was something else In that day. The
men who signed the declaration knew
not but they were signing warrants
for their own ignominious execution on
the gibbet. The bloody victims of the
Jacobite rebellions of 1715 and 174S
were still a warning to rebels; and the
gory holocaust of Culloden was fresh
In the memory. -But tt was not only
the personal risk: it was risking the
homes, the commerce, the lives, the
property, the honor, the future destiny
of 8.000.000 innocent ' people men,
women and children. It was defying,
on behalf bf a straggling chain of
colonies clinging to the eaboard, the
most Imperial power of the world. It
was, more than all, like Columbus sail
ing; into awful uncertainty of untried
space, casting off from an established
and familiar form of government and
politics, drifting away to unknown
methods, and upon the dangerous and
yawning chaos of democratic lnstltu
tions, flying from the ills they had.
to those they knew not of. and. per
h-tps laying- the way for a miserable
and bloody catastrophe In anarchy and
riot.
There are times when ordinary men
are borne by the tide of an occasion
to crests of grandeur In conduct and
action. Such a time, such an occasion
was that of the declaration. While the
signers were picked men, none the less
true Is It that their extraordinary fame
Is due not more to their merits' than
to the crisis at which they were at
the helm, and to the great popular in
stlnct which they obeyed and expressed
And why do we commemorate with
such- veneration and display this spe
cial epoch and event In our history?
Why do we repeat the words our fath
ers spoke or wrote? Why cherish their
names, when our civilisation is better
than theirs, snd when we have reached
In silence, art, education, religion,
politics. In every phase of human de
velopment, even In morals, a higher
level?
It is because we recognixe that in
their beginnings tbe eternal elements
of truth and right and justice were
conspicuous. To those eternal verities
we pay our tribute, and not to their
surroundings, except so far as we let
the form stand for the spirit, the man
for the Idea, the event for the pur
pose. And It Is also because we can
do no better work than to perpetuate
virtue In the citlxen by keeping al
ways fresh In the popular mind the
great heroic deeds and times of our
history. The valuable thing in the past
is not the man or the event which
are both always ordinary and which,
under the enchantment of distance and
the pride of descent, we love to sur
round with exaggerated glory It Is
rather In the sentiment for whloh the
man and the event stand. The ideal
is alone substantial and alone survives.
gon, and in nearly every state in the
union, the law Is one vast juggle; . Is
fast losing caste with the people, who
are laughing at It and its maKers ano
expounders, as the monster farce of the
century. Most men want to respect and
observe the law (and do, for the matter
of that), but If this deluge of Inconse
quential stuff is to be kept going
through the years, and no attempt Is
made to minify, qualify, or clarify the
code, it will become 'the bane of human
existence and the dignity of It wUl
have vanished.., -,.
. ., The Protesting Members.
From the Harney ' Valley Newt. -
What a. pitiful spectacle those leg
islators made of themselves who whln
Ingly proclaimed while they : wers re
deeming their -voluntary pledges to the
people on the senatorial question that
they . were ' not following their free
choice ' and were violating the dic
tates of "their own conscience In voting
for. Chamberlain. ; Such men are mere
babes snd sucklings and are not fit to
be trusted away from home without, a
nurse. -The fact is. they thouwht they
could promise the people, anything, ob
tain 'the r benefit of the promi3 and
' " . . J '
then forget it, but the people are be
ginning to follow up those promises and
Insist upon fulfillment, and the man
who is not sincere had better make no,
promises at all.
In this home of which wa nr tnlU
, wi inner, iiuit-i. iiirm ur in hrht
one was placed upon a couch .in tlm
same pleasant sunny room where slia
had spent manv vears. Thn who
loved her placed flowers about her, and
the little children came and sat be
side her. or stroked her soft hands and
talked lovingly to her of the iournev
upon which she had gone.
J nere naa never been any secrets or
their hearts that she had not known
why should they shut her out? There
had been nothing bright and beautiful
and sweet that she had not loved
why should they surround her with un
natural trappings and shrink from her
as from something they feared? As
long as the little quiet form was with.
hem it whs treated with the same lov
ing care that had been shown while lif
remained and when It went from them
It was In the Rlmplest dignity but with
out show or ostentation or habiliments
of woe.
As a result the little children instead
of being frightened Into hysterical
grief or made to think that death is a
errlble thing to be feared, believe-
really believe (as most of us who Dro-
fess do not) that death Is as natural
a me, iiiri ji ib imitti merely -
passing to another happy home, not
casting into outer darkness. As a re
sult they are still able to trust their
parents and have confidence In their
teachings and they talk affectionately
of the happiness that came to the one
they love.
Female Depravity.
From the Klamath Falls Express.'
. The usual crowd of, maudlin, mawkish
women and girls ars thronging to the
.county jatl and striving . or the so
ciety and. companionship of the- two
bank robbers. How any wonts n with
delicate ' nerves and ' refined ' sensibili
ties can find pleasure In visiting jails
and associating with degenerates passes
the ability . of ' mere man to compre
hend., if one of these men had been a
little nervous on the trigger, or if Mr.
Martin or either- of the ethers who
were in the bank had offered any re
sistance and 'been shotfor the. rob
bers were prepared to da murder the
same crowd of misguided females would
be doubly eager to sit In their cells
and sympathise; with them. ( ' ,-. , ;
- ' , ' , " ' !' ,
Telephones In divers'- helmets have
been found unsatisfactory, as tha
moisture from. the. wearers'- breathlna
soon short - circuits them. ...
Consider what we teach our chil
dren, the while our actions belie our
words. We tell them that One who
loves us has prepared another home for
us when we have finished with this one.
We say that It Is a more tender love, a
more abundant wisdom, which takes
their spirits into keeping when thev
pass from our narrow ken. Then when
one goes we break into loud weeping,
we shot out all that might assuage
our grief; we give ourselves up wholly
to gloom and woe. What can the chil
dren think? Either that we do not
know of what we are talking or that
we are insincere. The conclusion is In
evitable. True, death Is a mystery, but so also
is life. Death means separation, but
we profess and tell our children that
the separation Is only for a time. There
must be sorrow, of course, that tlm
one we love so well will walk with us
and talk with us no more, can no long
er show interest and affection for us.
But we wrong the gentle spirit of the
departed one when we let our sorrow
cast a doubt upon our faith. The sor
row is for ourselves only, not Tor th
one who Is gone. .For them so we
profess to believe It Is the entrance
Into a more abundant life, a fuller hap
piness, a beautiful emancipation from
all fleshly Ills.
Why then can we not act a little
more in accordance with our faitl?
Why not let our simple services which
are connected with this passing be In
the hands of those only who loved our
dear ones; whw. not let the mystery of
death be accepted, as we accept tlm
other mysteries of life, as something
too deep for our feeble minds, but 'with
full acceptance of the truth that it is
ordained by an all merciful providence?
As there are at botn enos of the
Solar spectrum colors too delicate, har
monies too Intanarible. for our feeb'n
vision to grasp, so there are doubtles-i
nhenomena connected witn tnat arter
life ai" with that .before birth, which
i i
we cannot conipreueuu.
Thev are not less true because our
senses cannot grasp them. But we shall
sooner reacn tnat condition wnicti
Browning presages, when sense helr
soul not less than soul helps sense. If
we cast aside the mummery wltb which
we have surrounded death: If we en
deavor to live our faith instead of cast
ing it all overboard when we most need
It; if we accept the Inscrutable mj-s-teries
before which our feeble senses
are Impotent, and let death be recog
nized as lust and wise and beneflclent
not to be feared.
K K st
Little New Dishes.
OCK 8QUABS Trim veal cutlet.
cut rather thin and divide inti
pieces four or five inches square:
spread these with a bread stuffing sea-
sonea ss usubi, rou ana sxewer into
shape, like squabs. Place a thin strfn
of bacon over each and bake slowly In
a moderate oven about three quarters
of an hour. , Brown flour in the pan and
add' milk or strained tomato sufficient
to make the required amount of sauce.
Serve either on squarea of toast or liV
a border of fine hominy or. wheateu
grits. .
ivr
Strawberry Tarts-. Bake shells of
puff paste in deep patty pans, fill with
strawberry -preserves or with canned
strawberries conked -down until tha
Juice- Is quite thick, Put a generous
spoonful of whipped cream 'and one or
two betrles on top of each.
k k -";' : '
. - , Irish Stew. . . -,
WIPE and cut Into one Inch . cubes
I th ree ., pound s . beef from fla nk,
, rtuck ..'or rump!; , Covri with,
boiling' salted water and simmer fof
two or three -hours. One hour before
It-Is done add one half cup each of
carrots, turnips and onions cnt into
small cubes..- In one( hnlf hour add
three potatoes cut In cubes and par
boiled flvw. minutes. Season .well with
pepper'and salt;-thicken, with -one half
cup flour-wet with cold water. Do not
cut the vegetables -too fine or have the
Stew too tbln. . . - :
. 4 f
r