OP THE
Id W;, k-
THE JOURNAL
aJI tKDKPEKDKNT KEWSPaPKK.
C JACKSON.
.Publish
Pahltebed mry vrn (exerpt Sunday) and
vary tranaar awunr at im josi-oai. cuim-In-,
rutb And VamhDl etreata. Portland. Ot
Entered at tlM matnffto it Portland. Or., tor
trammlaatoB tiuonsb tha anil aa aaeoa4cJM
attar., . ,-vr,. ;" --
rBLKPHONKS MAIM TITS. - ROMS, A-SOSl.
: All departments reached by tbeee nnbnt,
Tn. tba arpwator tka department Joe. want.
, mat oinca,. b-wh; us, sua,
FOREIGN AOVE&TISIHO BEPBE8BNTATIV1.
Vreeland-Beojasila Special Adrertlalnx Agencr,
Breoawlrk Building, 25 Fifth innt, Kw
i era; luui-ue uoye Buuain;. Chicago.
Bnbariipttoa TVnn by aril or to any addrtaj
aa w ubiim Bute, uanaaa or alexlcos
DAILT.
Ou rear... ...... S8. 60 One aaoatk .1 .to
Ose rear.. .......SZ-bO ( On swath. f
, DAILY AND SUNDAY.
-On year.. dT.60 I One month $ .OS
Words are the notes of
thought, and nothing more.
Words 8re lke sea shells on
the shore; they show where
the mind ends, and not how
far It has been. Bailey.
- a
LEGISLATORS MUST NOT TRAM
PLE OX THE REFERENDUM
AND THE STEAM ROLLER IS STILL
F'V TO GRIND
"No," aiya a Democratic organ, "the
Republican party f Oregon .is not
dead, but the Oregonlan will do Its best
to kill It, unless It shall reject Its fol
lies and get on rational ground. Just
now, aa lu the days of the sliver craze,
the Oregonlan will force, or help to
force, the Republican party to abandon
errors, or will do Its utmost to kill it.
What's the use of a party unless it's
sane? Oregonlan.
E
HE LEGISLATURE has no right
" I to indiscriminately use the
I emergency clause. When that
clause is attached to meas
ures wb.Icb.are not required by any
x actual emergency, both - the spirit
and letter of the organic law are
violated." By the terms of the direct
legislation amendment there is
mutuality between the legislative
assembly and the -electorate. They
" are joint participants in the process
of lawmaking to the extent that the
.electorate is guaranteed the rjght to
veto any bill in which no emergency
Is Involved. Emergency has a mean
ing that Is patent to every legisla
tor, and one so plain that it cannot
be misunderstood or misconstrued.
The presence of an emergency
clause in a bill which carries no rea
sonable emergency is direct and
palpable notice that behind it la the
purpose to violate the direct elec
tion amendment in which, the right
of the referendum Is guaranteed the
people. It is a step that no legis
- lator can afford to take and that
so . legislative assembly can afford
to approve. No member nor as
sembly can afford to deny the peo
ple the right of participation that
constitutional law provides, or to
thrust them out of the mutual and
confidential relation that the law
Imposes. Such a course is not jus
tified by past precedents or ordinary
discretion. The principle was tell
ingly set forth in a special message
tq the legislature of 1905 by Gov
ernor Chamberlain. It is a mes
sage that the members of the pres
ent session will do well to read and
heed.. , If - the ' committees, to which
son-emergency measures with emer
gency clause attached, are referred,
will eliminate this unwarranted and
objectionable clause, the session will
be spared odium that will otherwise
be Inevitable. If the legislature in
the very process of lawmaking
wantonly and publicly disregards
the law, what can, from the exam
ple, be expected from the private
citizen? Why shouldn't he, too,
break the law?
A'
A GRAVE MATTER
CALM INQUIRY into the pro
posed change In the status of
the county judgeship of Mult
nomah should he made by the
legislature before action is taken.
(The change is a grave one. It pro
poses to substitute a ?3 a day man
for a $3000 a year man. It give
to the former an authority involv
ing momentous undertakings. The
county court controls an expendi
ture of approximately $1000 a day.
It is a very large enterprise calling
for large business capacity and
technical information. It is a posi
tion of vastly larger responsibility
and trust than any other office in
the cdunty! Will a salary of $3 a
day be effective in attracting to the
office a man as big as the duties and
respdnsibilities of the position? The
query is one of extreme Importance
to the legislative assembly.
? Moreover, if a change is to be
'made, why should there be great
haste?. In spite of the large ques
tions of public policy Involved the
bill carries an emergency clause. It
Is to take immediate effect. It cuts
short the - well elaborated plans of
the present court, worked out
through years of patient study and
experience. The road plans of
Multnomah county projected for
the coming two years are involved.
It Is a serious question whether in
the midst of his career of useful en
deavor in this behalf, the man who
has devoted years of Investigation
and preparation, should "be retired
at the very moment when he can be
of greatest usefulness. Is retire
ment in the very moment when this
preparation can be of the greatest
-service --to Multnomah county a
proper reward for progressive en
deavor? In the same way, is It
, good public policy to effect this
change when the court Is in the
ld8t of plans and preparations for
a courthouse a county hospital and
other public enterprises of moment?
These considerations must , give
pause to .the average citizen and' to
the average legislator.
- It the change is advisable the nat
ural inquiry is, why not make it,
ifjat-alL' when conditions are more
favorable? Why, not; wait until a
changs will be the natural order and
wlen preparations have been made
XACTLY SO. The Oregonlan's
purpose is to rule or ruin. It
has pursued that policy for 30
years. Its will is held by it to
be superior to the party's will. Its
right to govern Oregon is held to be
superior to the right of the people
to govern. It wants legislative elec
tion of senator and intends to have
It or "bust" the party. Disgusted
with that method, the party and the
people adopted another. The adop
tion was by a vote of three to one.
That vote was confirmed last June
by a vote on compulsory statement
of 69,666 for and 21,161 against.
But that Is nothing. The will
and wishes of 70,000 Oregon voters
is nothing. The longings of 70,000
social units to retain the privilege of
choosing senator is nothing. The
hell-bent purpose of the Oregonlan
is everything. 1
It has been so for 30 years.
Throughout that time the party lias
been bullied into submission or
been "busted.'' It is the policy that
has ripped the party wide open a
score of times. The past has been
one long continued grind of the
Oregonlan's steam roller. ' If the
will of the party got In its way that
will was crushed. ' If men contested
the paper's right to govern there
was division and . faction. It was
the autocratic agency whose bully
ing tore the party into the Mitchell
factions and Simon factions. It
ripped open the party seams that
yielded the rump conventions and I
It
regular conventions, the Mitchell
conventions and the Citizens' con
ventions, the Republican conven
tlons and the Independent Repub
lican conventions. In the forefront
of all this division, demoralization
and strife the Oregonlan shrieked
its will as the "party's" will. Its
aim was not ' the party's welfare
but Its own ends. It scarred whom
soever jt could not control.
vllllfied whomsoever would not
yield to It, poor old persecuted John
H. Mitchell among them. Pen
ncjyer was elected and reelected in
a strongly Republican state, not by
a primary law, there was none then,
but because the Oregonlan kept the
party torn and trenched. Chamber
lain was elected governor first when
there was no primary law and then
when there was. Chamberlain was
elected senator largely through the
division created by the Oregonlan
in the Republican party over State
ment No. 1. The wreck and ruin
wrought In the party by the Ore
gonlan's steam roller is piled high
and strewn thick in the memories of
the past. Fulton, a political dere
lict, made so by the deadly steam
roller, is a sample. The present
division over Statement No. 1 is an
other. There was no opposition and
would never have been opposition
to Statement No. 1 but for the Ore
gonlan. But for It the party would
at this moment have been peaceful,
militant and triumphant.
It is a hard statement, but it is
true, terribly and overwhelmingly
true, that the Republican party
would be infinitely more harmonl
ous. Infinitely more effective' and
Oregon infinitely more progressive
and militant if there were no Ore
gonlan, asserting its right to gov
ern, demanding its power to take
privileges away from the people
and boastlng""lhat it will rule the
Republican party or "kill" it.
for It? That orderly and natural
time will be when there Is a regular
change of officials.
THE WEST'S PACKING CENTER
F
ORTLAND IS well along in her
career as a livestock center
The old order is changed and
twentieth century methods are
In vogue. Formerly Portland deal
ers kept an extensive staff of buy
ers in the field purchasing stock
here and there as It could be found
It was a tedious and costly process,
Now Portland maintains a competi
tive market, the only one on the
coast. Buyers gather at this cen
tral market from all the leading
cities. Each day they have assem
bled before them the shipments of
hogs, cattle and sheep from the In
terior. Competition Is shown at
each sale so that the shipper is as
sured that at all times his holdings
will receive the ompetitive bids of
the entire packing trade of the Pa
cific northwest. The seller has the
advantage of every phase of the de
mand and gets the benefit. The
livestock brings exactly the figure
that the market will permit, and
the top figure at that. There is no
shading of price due to uncertain
conditions, but a perfect adjustment
of it due to competitive buying,
with every phase of demand pres
ent. All the market quotations in
the daily press are based on actual
sales rather than haphazard and
widely varying estimates. In theBe
reports the seller will have accurate
information as to the state of the
market.
Such Is the new Portland as a
livestock center. There is no other
market like it on the entire Pacific
Kinnfi Nowhere is there such a
wide range of demand for livestock.
This city is the clearing house for
the entire coast. It is the center
where rail and water transportation
meet, connecting it with the greatest
stock rangeson the American con-
tinet. It is the natural center ana
therefor the actual center. The
award of the contract for the build
ings of the Swift packing plant fur
ther emphasizes the new order. The
business is becoming so firmly en
trenched that its further evolution
is not a question of chance, but of
time.
The new conditions are of vital
ImDortance to Oregon and north
west stockmen. They will hereafter
market their livestock as it is mar
keted in the great packing centers
of the middle west. The start for
a mighty evolution In the Industry
has been made. The seed for sum
ulating the grower to better breeds
and a multiplied product nas Deen
sown. Asjhown by Hyman Cohen,
a Journal writer in the latest cham
ber of commerce bulletin," the future
nt Portland as a nacking center Is
assured.' '
A CONVERT TO DIRECT NOMTNA
, TIONS .
T
HE NEW YORK WORLD,
it says, has never Deem a
champion of direct nomina
tions. It Btlll believes that
"the faults of the method are nu
merous and conspicuous." But it is
now, supporting Governor Hughes In
his advocacy of direct nominations.
It believes his plan la not seriously
objectionable, and -even if so, "as
between direct , nominations and
boss nominations the weight of pref
erence 'is all on the side of the gov
ernor' and it further perceives that
"a majority of the people will pre-j
fer to follow the governor." The
reasons for this preference are thus
stated: -
The convention system In this state
Is In no sense representative. It makes
the nominations practically appointive,
and elections are a matter of choice
between candidates named by two ag
gregations of irresponsible bosses who,
while maintaining- a pretense of oppo
sition, often work in complete harmony.
The average Democrat is not satisfied
to have Conners, Murphy and McCarren
appoint the Democratic candidates for
state office. Neither is the average Re
publican content to have Woodruff,
Parsons, Barnes, Ward and Hendricks
say who shall be the Republican can
didates for office, even though these
bosses bow to an irresistible public
sentiment now and then and permit the
nomination of a man like Mr. Hughes.
Whatever the system of naming candi
dates may be. Democrats and Republi
cans alike have a right to demand that
It shall be responsive, responsible and
representative.
This Is the case in most northern
states; and more than this, these
bosses almost Invariably play the
game of politics for the benefit and
hand-in-glove with the predatory In
terests; corporations and combines
that seek through public officials to
plunder the people. Yes, the con
vention system has proved non
representative of the people and
their interests, and will have to go.
NEW YORK'S NEW SENATOR
F
OR THE first time In many
years the great state of New
York, after March 4, will have
a United States senator of
much ability and high character,
one that will not disgrace the state.
Then the unspeakable Piatt will re
tire, and Elihu Root, a statesman
of the first rank, will succeed him.
Not only New York, but the nation
Is .to be congratulated on the
change. Two years hence that de
cayed old "peach," Depew. will also
sink Into oblivion, and may be re
placed with some decent man.
It may be objected, in some quar
ters It is objected, that Root has
long been a trust attorney. He has,
and probably the ablest one in the
country. As such he served the
trusts well. But It does not follow
that he will serve them as senator.
He Is a man of sufficiently high
character and keen sense of duty to
serve his employers, the people, as
ably and faithfully as he served the
trusts. Being a man ambitious for
lasting honor rather than great
wealth, It may readily be believed
that he will do this, and the more
readily because he has rendered the
country greatly valuable services as
secretary of war and secretary of
state. Mr. Root has made a most
excellent record as a cabinet of-1
fleer, and though conservative, he
will make a great senator. At least
he wll be as "Hyperion to a satyr"
at compared with Piatt.
It will be a very strange thing
indeed -if the senate rejects a man
elected in consequence of pledgee
made voluntarily by members of a
legislature to support the people's
choice, while the senate "makes no
Dones anout seating senators
elected by members of legislatures
in consequence of pledges made to
a corrupting political boss.
Ettgene 1b in the midst of a great
expansion. That city's growth for
several years has bordered on the
phenomenal. Assured buildings for
the Immediate future are: A federal
building.- $60,000; Y. M. C.
building, $50,000; new grade school,
$40,000; city hall,f$75,000; new
hotel, $60,000. These In addition
to the usual multiplication of bus!
hess and residence buildings will
effect a long step in ..municipal
growth. The limit set for the city's
population by January 1, 1910 is
15,000. A city on a beautiful and
fortunate site, a citizenry of broad
and virile enterprise and a studied
propagation of the boosting microbe
in the community are the factors in
this unnsual growth.
Letters From tkc People
Letters to The Journal should be wrtttes oa
one aide of tba paper only, and abonld be tv
ram panted by tba name and addreaa of tba
writer. Tba nana will not be ned If the
writer aaka tbat it be withheld. The Journal
la not to be underatood aa Indorsing tba view
or atatementa of correspondent. Letter should
be made aa brief aa possible. Tboae who wnh
their letter returned when Dot used abonld la
do poatare.
Comenondejtte are notified tbat letter ex
ceeding SOO word la length mar. at the dis
cretion - the editor, be cut down to tbat Umlt.
Commission Men Grafters?
Independence, Or., Jan. 20. To- the-
Editor of The Journal While in Port
land during the noliday I could not
help but nottce the scarcity and high
prices of vegetables on the market
which up the valley here are a drag
on the market, and have gone to waste
not by tons, but by car and tralnloads.
When I ask the farmers why tbey do
not ship such things to market and try
to realize something out of It, their
answer invariably is that they hardly
ever bring enough to pay the freight.
and rather than the commission men
should enjoy all the fruits of their labor
they prefer to feed It to their stock or
let it go to waste. But the commission
man gives entirely a different version
of the affair. He says that the cause
of poor returns is entirely the fault
of the shippers. That they consign
It in poor condition or ship so as to ar
rive the last of the -week, thus compelling-it
to be held over until Mon
day when it is In such poor condition
that It must be sold at a reduced price
or consigned to the dump.
There you have It. A peculiar condi
tion of affairs. Tou people of Port
land paying a high price for your Vege
tables, milk and butter, poultry and
eggs, while we growers up the valley
here can scarcely realize enough out of
it to pay the freight
I was engaged in the produce busi
ness for several years back east, buy
ing and shipping on my own account.
traveling buyer for different firms and
n Various other capacities and in all
of my 17 years' experience I never met
with such a condition of affairs as I
have witnessed the past season in Port
land and my own experience has con
vinced me that the fault is not all with
the shipper. So strong has become my
belief in this that I will pay 325 to
anyone who will furnish me with the
name of a commission firm in Port
land who will sell my produce -for the
highest price obtainable and remit me
the net proceeds less the freight and
commission.
It is my opinion that I would be per
fectly safe in offering $1000, but I make
this as a business proposition and not
bluff. If there is a commission man
In Portland who will sell produce for
the highest market price and remit the
net proceeds less the freight and com
mission, I will give 825 to find him.
Acting upon the presumption that
there is a remedy for all evils I pro
pose to try to have the legislature to
enact a law that will give the shipper
of produce ample protection, relieve the
honest commission man from all odium
of suspicion and drive the dishonest
one out of business. I would first
have the commission man appear be
fore the county clerk for the county in
which he proposes vto do business 'and
take out a license and give bond. I
would also make it the duty of com
mission merchants to make out a bill of
all produce sold, have the purchaser
lgn the same when convenient to do
so, and if not, give his full name, street
and number, and mall it to the shipper
with the net proceeds not later than one
week from date of sale.
And I wonld further make It his duty
whenever any produce is condemned
and pronounced unfit for use by the
market Inspector or those authorized
by law to do so (or consigned to the
dump), to Immediately make out a bill
of the same, have the inspector sign it
and send to the shipper.
I think that such a law would re
lieve the honest commission man from
the suspicion of wrong doing, drive
the dishonest one from the market and
give the shipper all necessary protec
tion. It Is also my opinion that we
need a very strong law governing tho
contracting and sale of hops and the
consignment of cereals and livestock,
but 1 am not well enough versed with
the situation to give an intelligent
view of what such a law should be.
But I do know that Front street is not
giving satisfaction to the country ship
pers and that there ought to be some
thing done to regulate the business or
Insure the consigners of produce that
they will receive fair treatment.
Now, I propose to go before the pres
ent legislature and try to get a law
enacted something similar to that
which I have outlined here, and in or
der that I may convince them that such
a law Is needed, I want every reader
of this article who has had trouble over
consignments, or consider tbat he 'has
been dealt with unfairly by the com
mlslon men of this state, to write me
giving date and full particulars of the
transaction. Also write the representa
tive from your county, giving your
views as to whether you think that the
commission business ought to be regu
lated or not, and what kind of a law
ought to be enacted to give all parties
Justice.
It has always been my Idea that a
spirit of fairness should pervade every
thing and If the commission men of
the state have any solution of the prob
lem or any suggestions to offer I would
be pleased to present their side of the
case along with that of the shipper.
J. H. LAWRENCE.
COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF
SMALL CHANGE
Taft'a geniality dust flt th r.ntt.'.
Sunshlna and rain, wind and calm
regular Apru weamer. v
a
Three holidays next month. It seems
more man snort ebruarys Share.
Many men will rejoice on the coming
w liw Biuereni reuonav 1
. - - - ? -
Somebody sent Tart a tattle t
That's what he gets for swearing off.
Gome high water, ves: hut reari hn
much worse It is In some other states.
1
Everybody down In Georcrla Is annar?
enuy i or , aan now, Dut no promises
ror 1912 are being made.
WUIett'S SDeech mav be exnuns-ed
from the record, but not from the news
papers or the tablets of memory. "
Congress would rather bait the rjrest-
dent and wrangle with him than pass
any laws' of benefit to the people.
A. r v
Judge Dlmlck of Clackamas county
seems to have faith In the old savins-
about the early bird catching the worm.
Wealthy aad well-to-do war veterans
re deserving of the country's and tho
states" esteem and gratitude, but not
its money.
mm'
What are soma Renublicans comolaln-
ing about? Aren't they aoon to have a
Republican governor for the first time
in over alx years?
There are two Bones In the house.
and though one of them is only a boy
juones.- he draws as much pay, as a
page, as the big Bones.
......
One big normal school at, say Glad
stone, where Plenty of ground could
probably be procured cheaply, would be
about the best solution.
a a
It was an honest truthful woman.
who told a judge that she would not
atop talking until she died, and he was
wrong to hint at contempt of court
a a
The people will never return to the
purely representative system, because
they discovered that they were being
choused rather than well represented.
a
If fleer were still governor, he would
doubtless be glad to epprmve that nine
foot sheet blU though he would want
it amended to Include Quilts and blan
kets.
The Astorian alludes to "the miser
able fiasco at Salem last luesday."
Whv. didn't it read the newer jno
fiasco at all; a senator was elected in
a few minutes.
It haa been pretty easy for the pred
atory politicians to fool a majority of
the people, but it is a different matter
to run up against them when they have
become awake and alert'
A bank thief caught at St. Louis
says he stole 110.000 to enable him to
learn the plumbing trade. He knew that
if he could become a plumber he would
have all the money he wanted.
a
It may not be right for the govern
ment to pay the president's barber
$100 a year by carrying him on the
navy payroll, but nobody will contend
that the Job Isn't worth that salary.
OREGON SIDELIGHTS.
' The Yamhill Record haa completed its
nrtn year and cays it has become usea
to K&OCKS. '
' A new boat launched at Corvallls Is a
substantial, magnificently equipped lit
tle freighter and passenger boat de
signed for use in the shallower waters
of tba upper .Willamette.
.. !; : .4 .s -' ..t . - 'I
-The greater Eugene will be a reality
by the end of the present year; that
is, we win ere the close of 109 have
a real eity in ai respects mac wui con
tinue growing from year to year until
it ranks with the leading interior cities
of tba wast, says the Guard.
Vale Orlano: It ia of little us for
the local editor to waste his lungs and
sprain his spine in trying to boom a
town when the citizens all stand around
with their hands in their pockets and
indifferently wait, tor something to turn
up. .,. ,. ....
m m
A disease' has struck the horses on a
Gordon creek. Wallowa county ranch,
and already three have died, and an
other ia siok. relates the Elgin Reoorder.
The disease which la killing the horses
la unknown, and so tar - all efforts to
stay lta progress have availed nothing.
Soma of tba hustlers of Harney. Mal
heur and "bther counties' are planning
for the organization of an inland em
pire league, consisting ot represents
uvea or to interior irom mnevuie to
Boise, and which wilt look after the
publiolty and other Interests of the ter
ritory.
- a - "
Kalrvlew Correspondence of Tillamook
Herald: Our teaoher dismissed school
Friday afternoon to go coasting, after a
two weeks vacation. I am afraid my
boys will overtax their minds by being
so Closely confined in scnooi. iet us
work in a few mere" holidays of some
kind. A snake show or something as
absurd, and give another . vacation soon.
a
An Estacada man picked up a bunch
of quail In the recent deep snow and
was caring ror mem wnen some Doys
shot them, which causes the News to
say: "We cannot conceive of anything
more unsportsmanlike than for anyone
to try to kill the birds in their helpless
condition, due to this storm, and espe
cially quail and China pheasants. It Is
also unlawful to kill, them now."
a a
Continuous and successful drilling for
the past week has put the oil well down
now about 1900 feet aaays the Ontario
Optimist. Nothing unusual has hap
pened since drilling was resumed some
two weeks ago,, and the work has been
Solng on steadily, the drill pounding
own at the rate of 25 or mora feet a
day. Oil continues to show on every
ballerful of debris brought up, and in
dications are fine every day. The pres
ence of gas has also again become no
ticeable. '
a a .
Astoria Budget: Fairly good progress
is being made now in securing rights
of way for the proposed electrio ll"e to
Seaside. Nearly alt the owners of large
tracts have filed their deeds, and spe
cial attention is now being paliio the
owners of smaller tracts, many of whom
are nonresidents and hard to reach, but
little trouble is being experienced with
them aa noon as they can be communi
cated with.. It now looks as thoush
practically the entire question of rights
or way win be adjusted during tne pres
ent month, and if so, assurance is
given that work on the construction wHl
be commenced In the early sprl--
FAMOUS GEMS OF PROSE
'H
omee o
f the PeopIcBy Henry TV. Grady
, A!s to Sprays
Some time ago, a reader took issue
with aa editorial : in The Journal, tn -'
which the efficacy of lime and sulphur
solution waa urged, net only as a- wiq-c"
ter application, but Jo a diluted: form.
for summer treatment The edlt6rlal :
also said the . home prepared was Jess .'
expensive man tna commercial solution.
AH this, the reader disputed. . The Jour
nal's ."statements are fully borne, out
by the following ' excerpt from , an r,
tide by Professor Cord ley of the Ore-,
gon Agricultural college, fox thelen-,
nial report of the state- board of. horti
culture. In It, Professor Cordley says:.
"One application of lime-sulphur
spray each winter will do. more for the
neglected orchard than can be dona la
any other way by the same expendftjrre
of cash and energy, it not , only?ajV'
iroya Dan jobs scale, Dut It also de-
stroys tne branch form - of . woolly
aphls, the eggs of the green-aphis, the
pear-leaf blister nite, the hibernating
larvae of the prune twig-miner, prob
ably the hibernating larvae of the bud
moth, together with 'most other insects
which jnsy chance to be wintering upon
tha trees. It is also a good fungicide.
If applied in fail it la nearly or quite
equal to Bordeaux aa a preventive of
apple tree anthrannse; applied to peach
.trees just oeiore we ouas open in tne
spring, it is a preventive ot peach-leaf
curL Tha results of tha past three
seasons' work at the Oregon Expertmeet
station also show that when diluted It
can be used as a substitute for Bor
deaux mixture for spring and summer
spraying with exceedingly good results.
' "There are two method of preparing
tha lime-sulphur spray. The formula
which has been most generally, used In
tnis state is as follows: - Quick lime.
SO pounds; sulphur, BO pounds; water,
ISO gallons. , ,2, . ,i
"Slake the lime thoroughly, add the
sulphur, and boll briskly for at least an
hour or until the mixture is of a deep
blood red color with but little 'free
sulphur on tha surface.' Add water to
make ISO gallons. Apply with consid
erable force through a thick nozzle.' ,
"The 'stock solution' method which is
now most generally used in this state
has been developed during the past
three years. During that time there
have appeared upon tha market a num
ber of concentrated lime-sulphur aolu-'
tlons, which have only to be diluted
with water to be ready for use. Care
ful experiments extending over th
seasons have demonstrated that th"
sprays are fully equal to the old home
made lime-sulphur spray in destroying
San Jose scale. Whether all of them
can safely be used for summer spray
ing is yet to be demonstrated.
"The chief fault to be found witn
these commercial preparations Is that
they cost too much. The retail price is
$9 to tU per barrel of 60 gallons. The
lime and sulphur necessary to prepare
60 gallons of stock solution which S
equally as efficient costs at present re
tail prices approximately $8.
'arey
Uese I
America Must Xot Boast.
Portland. Or., Jan. 20. -To the Editor
of Tha Journal Having been a reader
of" your valuable paper for the space
of three years, and having given par
ticular attention to articles published in
your paper conoerning the ' conditions
of tha laboring classes of America and
England, and comparisons made there
on, I ssvarlably find that many of the
statements made are misleading, espe
cially to those who have never taken
tha trouble, or time to investigate the
conditions as tbey really exist in Ameri
ca and England today.
In an article recently published in
your paper concerning the old age pen
sion lust gone into effect in England,
and also touching on th great num
bers of papers tbat 'exls( in the tight
little Isle, after reading ' said article
we would - readily Infer that England
waa a nation of paupers. Now, having
been Closely identified for 65 years
with labor and its conditions, 25 years
in England and more than 30 In Ameri
ca, and having lived in New Tork, Chi
cago -and several other large cities of
America, and also in London, Liverpool
and Glasgow, I find,, that' destitution
and-misery amongst the laboring classes
in proportion to population . of- said
cities, are about the same. While I
(From a speech at the nay oiaie
riih Ttnutnn December. 13. 1889.)
I went to Washington the other day,
and 1 stood "on the capltol hill; my heart
beat Quick as I looked at the towering
marble of my country's capltol, and the
mist gathered in my eyes as I thought
of Its tremendous significance, and, the
armies and the treasury and the judges
and the president and the congress and
the courts and all that was gathered
there. And I felt that the sun in all
Its course could not look down on a bet
ter sight than that majestlo home of
a republic that had taught the world
its best lessons of liberty. And I felt
that If honor and wisdom and justice
abided therein, the world would at last
owe that great house in which the ark
of the covenant of my country is lodged.
Its final uplifting and its regeneration.
Two days afterward I went to visit
a friend in the country, a modest man
with a quiet country home. It was just
a simple, unpretentious house, set about
with big trees, encircled in meadow
and field rich with the promise of har
vest. The fragrance of the pink and
hollyhock in the front yard was mingled
with the aroma of the orchard and of
the gardens artdsonaTrt-wtth-thetrfhlck
of poultry and the hum of bees.
Inside was quiet, cleanliness, thrift
and comfort There was the old clock
that had welcomed in steady measure
every newcomer to the family, that had
ticked the solemn requiem of-the dead
and had kept company with the watcher
at the bedside. There were the big,
restful beds and the old open fireplace
and tha old family Bible thumbed with
the fingers of hands long since still
and wet with tha tears of eyes long
since closed, holding the simple annals
of the family and the heart and the
conscience of tha home.
Outsldet, there stood my friend, the
master, a simple, upright man, with no
mortgage on his roof, no Hen on his
growing crops, master of his land and
master of himself. There was his old
father, an aged, trembling man. but hap
py in the heart and home of his son.
And as they started to their home, the
bands of tha old man went down on the
young man's shoulder, laying there the
unspeakable blessing of the honored and
grateful father and ennobling it with
the knighthood of the fifth command
ment And as. they got to the door the old
mother came with the sunset fall
ing fair on her face and lighting up
her deep, patient eyes while her lips
trembling with the rich musie of her
heart bade her husband and son wel
come to their home. Beyond was the
housewife, busy with her household
cares, clean of heart and conscience, the
buckler and helpmeet of her husband.
uown tne lane came tna emidren, troop
ing boras after the cows, seeking as
truant birds do the quiet of their home
nest
And I saw the night come down on
that house, falling gently as the wings
qf the, unseen dove. And the old man
while a startled bird called from the
forest and the trees were shrill with
the cricket's cry, and the stars were
swarming In the sky got the family
around him, and taking the old Bible
from the table, called them to their
knees, tha little baby hiding in the folds
of Its mother's dress, while he close!
tha record of that simple day by calling
down God s benediction on that family
and On that home. And while I gazed
the Tlslon of that marble capltol faded.
Forgotten were its treasures and its
majesty, and I said, "O. surely here in
tha homes of the people are lodged at
last the strength and tha responsibility
of this government and the promise of
this republic." . -
freely admit that the conditions in Eng
land ara bad especially in the large
cities, I also wish to emphasise the
fact that such is the casa in the large
cities of America. And such being the
fct with the resources at our command to
better-eonditlons should bring the blush
of shame to all . true Americans, If
we compare the opportunities which our
congressmen and legislators have to
batter the conditions of the tolling
masses In America to tha opportunities
of the English legislators, one can read
ily see our government nas ine advantage
over tha English government 90 per
cent in Its favor, and I venture to say
If England was as large as America
and had toe same resources as we have
conditions would he better there, and
we would have to look to oar laurels
as the first nation of the eartn.
vor wereral years I served as general
vice-president and organizer for the
national building and trades counoll of
America, and my duties orten cauea
I me into Places wuere a waa , uuuim
to see conditions as uey reany existed,
and if there Is one class of laborers
more than another that hava my hear-
felt sympathy, it Is tho working girls
or our cities. In our own city of Port
land I have many times made a tour
of our department stores on Saturday
venlna-a. and in many cases I have
noticed poor girls bordering on nervous
prostration, being nothing , more than
slaves to their masters during working
hours, working for a paltry wage in
their endeavor to live, while their mas
ters and families, are making a tour ef
Europe. r '' v - ' - v V '- ' :
Therefore,.! say, let us not waste our
sympathy -on other nations, but en
deavor to build up and better tha - con
ditions. of our own tolling masses.
JAMES SALMON.
" " ; 711 WUUams, avenua :
"Hermistom ban growing nalns.w Is
tha way the Pendleton Tribune puts Jt
Thanks, Awfully t , : "
From the Santa Barbara Press.
To the Portlanders who are in Port
land, our sympathies are extended. To
tha Portlanders who are in Santa Bar
bara and there are more of them every
year our congratulations. Tou have
maae a fair exchange. Snow and ice
and frozen water pipes and other signs
of a frigid winter are upon Portland.
Gentle rains, and green fields and
blooming roses .are upon Santa Bar
bara. That's tha difference.
Portland Is a great city. Her people
are a fine people energetic, wide awake.
progressive, ana in love with Portland.
Santa Barbara cannot be Portland to
them. They would not come here If it
were so accepted. 'They come here be
cause it Is' 8anta Barbara. They leave
the greatest commercial center of the
northwest to come to ths most favored
resort in tha southwest They leave
tha best city of Its class to come to
the best city of Its class. There is
nothing too good for the Portlanders.
Santa Barbara suits vfcry well, thank
you.
Santa Barbara may well rejoice in
tha Increasing number of visitors from
Portland. To many of these visitors.
Santa Barbara is becoming their second
him , Portland blood and enterprise
ana money iook gooa to tne Santa Bar
bar an who likes progress. Henoe, we
are. all glad that tha Portlanders feel
so-at-home; In Santa Barbara - ' "
And, therefore, when . Portland suf
fers from a blizzard, wa feel sorry for
Portland. W wish that more of the
Portland ' people" knew more, of Santa
Barbara. There Is' no need for them
to suffer from Arctlo weather when
the Santa Barbara latchstrlng is al
ways out , ,v l ;
' ' r
Grant county has been heavily in debt
ever since its .organization, but tba debt
haa, been reduced in recent years from
250.000 te 125,000. . .... . j
New Tariff on Coffee.
From the New York American.
The wise men In Washington propose
to nut a tax of five cents pound on
coffee not five per cent of the value.
mind you, but five cents a pound.
This is one of the nice, oid-rasnionen
taxesj so small that it doesn't make the I
slightest bit of difference t the pro!
perous man. so big that It -will welgnV
heavllv on the poor.
It is probable that among those that
win work and vote for the tax in wasn
ina-ton there are some honest men." We
give them a piece of advice.
Find out how many million pound
of coffee have been brought to the
United States free of duty lately and
Htnrert wav
Take the trouble to investigate the
rnffen lmnortations and find if there
are not held for speculation in Amerl
ca now, safely through the custom
house and beyond the reach of your
duty, scores of millions of pounds of
coffee that would Jump up in value over
$100 a ton if you put on that five cent
tax.
rt nrtn r vou know that a tax on
coffee would not last It would be put
on, and public indignation' would prob
ably take It off againthat has been
tried before.
The idea in this particular thing la
to help some speculators put in their
pockets about I30.ooo.uuw wnicn
be taken from .honest merchants and
honest consumers. ....
Our distinguished legislators will
please bear this in mind when the cof
fee tax is discussed. ,
An Official Tyrant.
From Brooklyn Eagle, Jan. 4, l0l.
It was about time for the employes
lt tn nra-anlze for' their own
protection, more particularly thPejh0L
are subject to the domination, not to
ay tyranny, of the comptroller. Ha is
transferring them from one department
to another anA otherwise annoying them.
Ha is Insisting that, the working, day
shall be one of eight hours and threaten
ing to inaugurate a time clock system.
Moreover, he proposes that supplies
hall be inspected at ths time they are
furnished to the city. Justifying of at
tempting to justify .himself by saying
that this will sava hundreds -of thou
sands of dollars a year to the city.; If
things go on at this rate, those who
serve the city may be compelled to ArJ
a full day's work for a full day's PSJrl
ti the eitv may get what it nays for I
when supplies are ordered. Obviously,
t mmntraller is a revolutionist As
uch he should be dlscountenanoed. Tha
employes could hardly be blamed for
demanding nis removal.
This Pate in History.
1738 The Rhode Island assembly
nnnressed private lotteries.
1 737 John Hancock, patriot - and
statesman, born in Qulncy, Mast,, died
there. October 8. 1793.
1820 Duke of Kent, father, of Queen
Victoria, died. Born 1767.
1833 Ldrd Exmouth, who, with a
small British squadron, reduced Algiers
and liberated 3000 Christian slaves.
1l.rl. Rnrn Anrll 19. 1757
lt.61 The Georgia representatives
withdrew from congress.
1875 The- East river,. New, ... York,
spanned by an ice bridge.
1884 The Honorable John Jones
Ross became premier of Quebec,
1896 France announced the annex
ation of Madagascar. '
1908 Edward A. McDowell, com
poser, died at New York; . Born ther. I
December 18, 1861. . - .
Benjamin B. Ends' Birthday, ';
Benjamin Brtn'dley Eada, physician
and educator, was - born at Paris .Ky
January 28, 170. 'He was educated in
private schools la his native.- place and
then began the study of medicine. Aft
er completing, his medical education .he
became resident surgeon at ths Jeffer
son hospital. in Philadelphia. In 1192
ha removed to Chicago, where he be
came instructor of anatomy and phy-l
Biology at tha Bush ' Medical college
From 1894 to 189T he was professor on
anatomy at the Illinois Medical col
lege, and since the latter year he ha-'J
been professor of surgery and: clinical
surgery and dean at the same Instrruj
tion. Dr. Eada Is a prominent membeii
to the American Medical Sssoclatlori
mki nas written extensively xor 1
meaical press. v i -t