THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL', PORTLAND, ' MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 14, 1908.
UDIOG OUT
rjATiori's
CASH
."Emperor William, Then and Now '
fe) , - n. . ill ;.; . : ... $
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BEN SELLING'S -
SACRIFICE SALE:
Appropriations Committees
Hold Kan& Above Even
Ways and Means Fa
mous Clerks and Some Fa
mous Chairmen;
Bj FREDERIC J. HASKIN.
(Copyright, 1908, by Frederic J. Haskln.)
Washington, Deo. 14. There are two
place in " the capitol of the United
States that the raging storms of polit
ical warfare seldom reach. The.se are
the .rooms of the committees on appro
priations of the . senate and of - the
house. Elsewhere in that bis building
the warfare goes on incessantly between
the majority and the minority. Both
in tne house ana tne senate party nns
are tightly drawn. In other commit
tees 'there is nearly always a truceless
warfare. While politics governs the
selection of the members of these com
mittees, and they are drawn up ready
for any sort of a fray that might come,
framed up about two to one in favor of
the majority, once they get inside their
rooms the Democratic lamb may lie
down safely beside the Republican lion
and all-Is peace.
The making of appropriations for the
maintenance of the government is one
of the things regarded as of too much
importance to justify the entrance of
politics. With, the exception of a few
rare instances partisan politics is un
known, and when these committees
bring out a bill it does not represent a
creation born of political exigencies,
but the best labors of strong men who
have dealt with the questions Involved
purely on their merits.
Clerks Who Become Indispensable.
One may get a good Idea of how free
from politics .is the house committee on
appropriations from the fact that Its
clerk. James C. Courts, is -a staunch
Tennessee Democrat. He is perhaps
the best authority on the question of
f:overnmental expenditures in the world,
le knows how to provide for the billion-dollar
government machine as well
as a schoolboy knows how to play. In
the committee of which he Is clerk or
iginate all the big appropriation bills.
He and his assistants get things well
in shape long before the committee
meets at the beginning of sessions of
congress. And when" the committee
does meet It has comparatively little
to do beyond ratifying what they have
done. It is an unwritten law" with the
house committee on appropriations that
political considerations shall not enter
Into the selection of its clerks, and when
they once begin their service it is al
most a lifetime Job. Committees may
come and committees may go, chairmen
may succeed others and be succeeded,
themselves, but the clerks stayxon. The
result is that they get to know more
about spending government money than
any one else, and congress needs them
worse than they need congress. 1
In the senate the same sort of situ
ation prevails. The clerk of Its com
mittee ' on appropriations, Thomas
Cleaves, has been there almost since
the memory of man. He stayed there
through the days when the Democrats
controlled the senate, and none of the
vicissitudes of politics has ever affected
him. Some time ago there was a va
cancy In the clerical force of his com
, mlttee and It was given to Kennedy F.
Rea, a Democrat of the strongest t"ie.
rtea naa oeen wnn in nuuwe cummii'
tee and had won his spurs there. These
two committees are about the only ones
in congress where the clerkships are not
regarded as among the personal prerog
atives of the chairman.
Committee is Comparatively Young.
The house appropriations committee
had, its birth at the close of the civil
war. trior to trim time tne ways ana
means committee not only raised the
funds for the maintenance of the gov
ernment, but spent them as well. It
also exercised the functions now dis
charged by the committee on banking
and currency. Thaddeus Stevens, the
head of the ways and means committee
during the civil war period, concluded
"there was too much work for one com
mittee and he proposed to make three
out of it. Ways and means was to look
after matters of revenue, appropriations
after matter of expenditure, and bank
ing and currency after currency and
banking legislation.
Stevens was never speaker of the
house, but during and immediately
after the civil war period he controlled
tho hnimA as no snpnltpr. until Reed.
ever controlled it His proposition for
the division of ways and means was
easily passed, and ne chose the chalr-
mansnip or tne new appropriations com
mittee, stating-that he regarded it as
the most Important committee of the
house. He seems to have correctly ap-
firalsed the situation. During tariff
eglslation years, ways and means
cliDses the aopropriations committee,
as the moon sometimes eclipses the
Slin DUl UUriUK HUUUl LI1ICC VCUI S IMIl
of four, appropriations outshine ways
and means. For the past 11 years ways
and means has been a do-nothing; com
mittee. Yet it is very Jealous of what
it supposes to be Its rank.
Congress Appraises Belative Bank.
Last year there was a quarrel be
tween ways and means and pproprln
tlons as to which should move out of
the capitol and into the new office
- building. Ways and means did not want
to move. It pleaded its age, its super
' lor importance, the dignity of ita chair
man, who serves as the majority floor
leader, and a hundred and one other
things that should entitle it to stay, in
preference to appropriations. It was a
free fight. In which party lines were
not drawn and in which all the leading
men of the house took an oratorical
part. It' narrowed down to a decision
of the house as to which it considered
the more important committee, and the
vote was a decisive one In favor of ap
propriations. It was in the debate on
this question that Mr. Courts received
as high tributes as any man ever re
ceived from the floor of the house. Re
publicans vied with Democrats in com
mending his ability in looking after the
expenditures of the government.
Randall, ths In corruptible.
There have been comparatively few
chairmen of the house committee on
appropriations. The first was Stevens.
He was succeeded s chairman by
Dawes of Massachusetts, who in turn
was succeeded by Garfield. Garfield
was succeeded by Randall, who, though
elected speaker between times, served
as -hafrman of the committee longer
than any other chairman down to tie
present time. No man ever had more
opportunities to make a competence
out of his political position than Ran-
II m .4 ha Ut-r- Ort T a T 1 FY1A WnAn Hll. H
things were no frowned down upon so
nwh as they are now. Tet he . ap
' proached the eventide of life a poor
man. At last lie was not aie even to
leave wasmngion auinij m summur
on account of the expense It entailed,
even though he knew that to stay in
the city's heat might oe ratal. At tmsj
Ttie;PicyhoI4"f Company
Is i Best for
Qregonlfc
Emperor William of Germany as
he appears today and as he looked
la 1865. ;
This shy, sweet-f acedi urchin looks
like a nice, gentle little fellow to be
petted and taken care of. And so he
was at the age of 6. At present he 1s
Kaiser William of Germany, dictating
methods . to everybody in the empire
from generals lit the army to the coun
try school teachers.
Juncture George W. ChHds, A. K. Mc
Clure. and others leased a summer home
for him. He was willing to accept It
only under condition that he would re
pay them when he waa able.- He would
have left his family In want but for the
timely interposition . of Chllds, Drexel
and others, who made an investment for
the family that netted 12000 a year.
The aged statesman refused even to ac
cept tnls, but finally acquiesced In Its
presentation to his devoted wife.
Kolmaa, the Watchdog;. . .
The most economical chairman the
committee ever had ws William 8. Hol
man, the Indiana watchdog of the treas
ury. If there -was ever an unjustifiable
appropriation made while he was chair
man it has yet to be found. That many
meritorious' ones were not made goes
without saying. Holman was penurious
In his personal, habits. He was so
rigidly honest that he would not travel,
in a Pullman car at government ex
pense while on an Inspection trip
among the Indian agencies of the west.
He sat up all night in a day coach while
his follow members slept In the Pull
man. At another time he refused to
take passage on a steamboat from Fort
Yates to Bismarck, where the fare was
J3. He had some government mules
hitched to an ambulance and went to
Bismarck in that conveyance, together
with his party. Joseph Q. Cannon was
a member of that committee, and he
slipped a crisp bill Into the driver's
hand with instructions to hit every
stone In the road. So before they ar
rived at Fort Lincoln Holman got out
to walk, and was left in the rear. When
he finally arrived he presented a sorry
spectacle. He had his trousers' legs
tucked into his boot tops, while his
blue flannel shirt and his beard were
covered .with dust. The officers of the
fort were drawn up to receive him. It
was proposed to fire a salute in his
honor, but on advice of Mr. Cannon
they compromised by having the band
play "Hail to the Chief."
Despite his . homely economy, Hol
man was widely regarded as a most
valuable public servant. He was the
only chairman of the committee from
whom the chairmanship was taken by
his own party. The Cleveland admin
istration concluded, that he was a lit
tle too much of a watchdog of the
treasury for them, so he was not reap
pointed in the fifty-third congress, but
was succeeded by Say res of Texas, who
gave place to Joseph G. Cannon.
Chairman Tawney Is perhaps the
youngest man, both in point of service
and in point of age, who ever held the
chairmanship. Auklns or Tennessee and
Hlscock of New York complete the list
of those who have presided over the
house appropriations committee.
When one says the appropriations
committee has to consider tne annual
expenditure of a billion dollars it con
veys the Idea of an Immense pile of
money and a large amount of work. But
when reduced to more ordinary terms
the idea grows to even greater propor
tlons. To maintain this great govern
ment of ours, not counting state, countv
and municipal expenditures, costs the
people who constitute It $2,739,726
everv day. Every hour it costs them
$1902. Kvery time the clock ticks the
United States government must draw
$31.70 from the pockets of the people
and pay It out again. It takes the
average man twenty minutes to ro to
wora. in tnat time tne government
has spent $38,040. Measured in volume
of gold the money which the appropria
tions committees recommend shall be
spent each year amounts to a fifteen
ton carload.
TESTIMONIAL FOR
BISHOP MULDOON
(Special Dispatch to The Journal.)
Chicago. Dec. 14. Elaborate arrange
ments have been made for the big testi
monial meeting In the Auditorium to-night
In honor of Bishop Muldoon on
the eve of his departure from Chicago
to take up the duties of the new bish
opric or Kockrord. to which he was ap
pointed recently by the pope.
The testimonial promises to be one
of the most elaborate affairs of Its
kind ever held In Chicago. Archbishop
Qulgley will preside over the gathering
ana addresses will De delivered in De
half of the clergy of Chicago and In
behalf of the general laity or the city.
All of the Catholic societies of Chicago
and vicinity will be represented at the
meeting. The chief feature of the
event will be the presentation to Blsh
op Muldoon or a purse containing a
fund wherewith he may purchase a
home in Rockford. The money has been
collected with the aid of the Catholic
organizations.
Tomorrow Archbishop Qulgley and
Bishop Muldoon will go to Rockford for
tne installation ceremony, which will
be followed in the evening by a large
banquet. Many Chicago priests and
laymen will accompany the two pre
lates to Rockford and will return to
Chicago after the banquet. A special
train win De provided ior tne party,
which is expected to number at 'least
iuuu persons.
I. C TAKES UP
BOLL WEEVIL FIGHT
(Special Dlpatcb to Ths Journal, t
Jackson, Miss.. Dec. .14. Starting
irom mis city toaay, a doii weevil
special train will be run by the Illi
nois Central railroad over its main line
and branches through the counties of
Mississippi that are threatened by the
doii weevn pest. . -j ne tour or tne spe
cial tram win occupy tne entire week.
Literature will be distributed and ex
hibits showed to Illustrate the ravages
of the boll weevil and the best method
of fighting the pest. Incidentally It Is
Intended to impress upon the farmers
the advntage and desirability of diver
sifying their crops. . , .
Metxgers Jewelers snd Opticians, S4j
Washington sL. bet. 7th and Park.
"Puritana."- Ask grecer. ''
Ik. Home Office I
'cORBBTT BUILDDrQ.
Corner Fifth and Mrrlsoa
' if POKlXANDb OBJBOON.
A, U MILLS,...:......
L, SAJTUKTL.. .....Ootierml lfaftaget
CLARENCB . SAMUXI ASM. Kg
Oregohins
l ; ft ill
"
fvjfmt nil
WEALTH FOUND
III NAM'S SOIL
Report of Secretary of Agri
culture Shows Country
Is Growing Rich.
(United Presa Taaed Wire.)
Washington, Dec. 14. The secretary
of agriculture in his annual report is
sued today presents a review of the
progress of .agriculture in 1ne I'nltcd
States during the past twelve jears.
Concerning the farm production of 180S
he says that the fanner has creatad
wealth by the billions. Production has
been above the tvarage of recent years
with few exceptions, and wnilo prme
prices have fallen, others have risen.
Th farm value of all farm rroducts
of 1908 reaches the most extraordinary
total In the nation's history $7,778,000,
000. This Is about four times the value
of the products of the mines. Including
mineral, oils and precious metals. The
farmer contributes 87 per cent of tho
raw materials used In those manufac
turing Industries which depend mostly
or considerably upon agricultural ma
terials, and these industries use 42 Der
cent of all materials used in all in
dustries.
The gain In value of farm products
in 1908 over 1907 Is $290,000,000 and
would have been much larger had not
the prices of cotton and hay been low.
The value of products .In 1899, the cen
sus year, being taken at 100, the value
for 1903 stands nt 125; for 1904. at 131;
for 1906, at 134; for 1906, at 143; for
1907, at 159, and for 1908, at 165. Dur
ing the last ten years the wealth pro
duction on the farms of this country
has exceeded the fabulous sum of $60,
000.000,000. , The Corn Crop.
' The corn crop this year Is 2,643,000,
000 bushels, valued at $1,615. 0UO, 000.
Compared with the average of the pre
cealng five years the quantity Is 2 per
cent higher and the value 43 per cent
higher.
The cotton crop Is likely to he one
of the three highest ever produced, with
a value next to the highest, or per
haps more.
The greatest hay crop in history has
been gathered this year, 68,000,000 tons,
or 12 per cent above the average of the
f preceding five years. Its farm valu3
s $621,000,000, or 6 per cent above the
five year average.
Wheat is 1H per cent above the five
year average in production and 23 per
cent above in total value. The 660.
000. 000 bushels are estimated to be
worth $620,000,000 to the farmers. o
$66,000,000 more than the most valu
able wheat crop heretofore produced.
The oat crop Is worth $321,000,000
for 789,000.000 bushels, or 10 per cent
above the five year average value and
9 per cent below the average product.
The barley crop, 167,000,000 bushels,
is 13 per cent above the five year aver
age and its value, $86,000,000. is 23 per
cent above. Both have been exceeded
only once.
Talus of Xye.
Rye In value Is $22,000,000, 17 per
cent above the average.
All cereals aggregate 4,329.000.000
bushels, a total that has been exceeded
three times, but the value reaches $2,
694,000,000. or more than $300,000,000
above 'that of 1907, and exceeds still
more the totals of former years. Com-
fared with the preceedlng five years,
he number of bushels is higher by 0.2
per cent and the value is higher by 32
per cent.
Nearly 500,000 short tons of beeti
sugar will probably be made from the
crop of this year, and the factory value
la about $45,000,000. About 407,000
short tons of rw cane sugar were pro
duced. Unfavorable weather made the potato
crop onlv 275.000.000 bushels, or 6 per
cent below the five-year average, al-
thouch the value. Il90.uou.ooo. ah is per
cent above and was never equaled.
On account of the extremely low
price of hops In 1907, the average pro
duction and value of 1908 are low and
have been exceeded In many former
years.
for the nrst time, tnis year, tne
value of all Jarm crops equals $5,000,
000.000. Although the farmer gets
hardly 20 cents a pound for his butter,
between 3 end 4 rentn n. mmrt for his
milk,-and about 1H cents for each egg,
yet the value or the rarm products or
the dairy cow is getting close to $800,
000.000. and the value of the eggs and
poultry Is as much as the cotton crop.
seed included, or tne nay crop, or tne
wheat crop.
ucreasea Jrices.
Detailed increases of prices received
by farmers for their products are next
presented In the report, and In conclud
ing the subject the secetary says . that
the consequences of such rises In 'prices
need not be itemised. The old cotton
plantation that no lender wanted as a
mortgage security Is now sought for In
vestment, and :fts owner can borrow
without mortgaging. The farmers of
the poor mortgage-ridden Kansas of for
mer days have slurred the banks or tnat
state full of money, have organised
banks of their own and have sent money
to the east to be invested.
The total cost of Our 2.151.000 miles
of road la over f 1.720.000.000, while the
percentage or improved roads was only
7.14 in 1904. and is orobablv not In ex
cess of 8 per cent at the present time.
STatioaal Toreata. .
The number "of - national forests Is
now 182. and the total ares 168.000.A0i)
acres. At $2 per thousand feet stunio-
GREATEST BARGAIN EVENT of the year
MEN'S $20 and $25 SUITS, RAINCOATS
and OVERCOATS This Sale
MEN'S $30 and $35 SUITS, RAINCOATS
and OVERCOATS This Sale
MEN'S $40 and $50 SUITS, RAINCOATS
and OVERCOATS This Sale
YOUNG MEN'S COLLEGE CLOTHES included in this sale
FULL DRESS and TUXEDO SUITS included in this sale
BEN
age the timber standing in these for
ests Is wortn isuu.uvu.wuu. i nese ior
ests now contain one fifth of the stand
ing merchantable timber in the country.
In the forests permanent improvements
were completed as follows: Three
thousand four hundred miles of trails,
3200 miles of telephone lines, 100 miles
of wagon road with 250 bridges. 600
miles of pasture and drift fences. 40
miles of fire lines and 650 cab
Ins and barns. The fire loss for
the calendar year 1907 was less
than half that for he previous year,
which In turn was less than In any pre
ceding year. The ratio of loss to value
of timber protected was only about 4
cents to $1000. The amount of timber
sold from the national forests ws
386.000,000 feet, and the receipts from
timber sales were $850,000. The grax
lng privileges yielded last year an In
come of nearly $l,t 1.000. Last year
tree seeds were sown broadcast in 27
forests in eight states to test the use
fulness of this method. In the govern
ment's forest tree .nurseries about 700.
000 young trees were planted out. Over
2,000,000 trees will be ready, for planting
in 1909.
FOBEIGNEKS SEND
MUCH MONEY II03IE
(Special Plapatrh to The Journal.
New York, Dec. 14. American dollars
will furnish Christmas cheer In many
humble homes in Europe this year.
Since December 1, In 14 days, several
million dollars In foreign money or
ders have been Issued by the New York
postoffice. The aggregate Is consider
ably in excess of the figures of last
year, though not up to the records of
some previous years. It Is expected
that the total. Including large sums
that will be carried away by the steam
ships sailing this week, will amount to
inoro than i6,uwo,iiiu.
There was a time when Ireland re
ceived by far the largest proportion of
these Christmas gins irom ner sons
and daughters who had taken up new
homes on this side of the Atlantic; In
th lAst few vears. however, she hss
been closely pressed for first place by
Italy. A single snip sailing rrom New
York last week carried nearly $100,000
In money orders sent by Italians living
here to relatives ana rrienas in itaiy.
large sums are sent to the United
Kingdom, Germany. Hungary and Rus
sia, with Denmark, Austria, Sweden,
Belgium. Greece, The Netherlands and
Switserland following In the order
.named.
Cornerstdne of New Theatre.
(8DHlal DIanatrta to Tne Journal. t
New York, Dec. 14. Arrangements
have been concluded Tor Interesting cer
emonles tomorrow to attend the lav
ing of the cornerstone for the much
discussed new theatre. A feature of
the rjrogram will be addresses by Gov
rrnor Hughes. Mayor McClellan and
others and music by the forces of the
Metropolitan opera.
A XAXB'B BBXADT ZSCATB.
Do you know that every time yea
nave a cougn or coia ana let it run on
thinking It will just cure Itself you are
Inviting pneumonia, consumption or
some other pulmonary trouble? Don't
ris it. rut your lungs Dacs. in perfect
neaitn ana stop mat cougn witn Bal
lard's Horehound svruo.
Price 25c. EOc and $1.00 per bottle.
sola py BKiamore uruc fcjo.
TEA ,
The cost of good tea is
so very little: only a third
of a cent a cupl a cent-and-a-half
or two cents
for.the family breakfast!
Test grocer terara " Joney H yo iou't
Hie Schilling! Best; we py ltfa&
SELLING
LIQUOR HABIT CURED
TESTIMONIALS FROM PROMINENT OFFICIALS THROUGHOUT
THE STATE
PROF. MLEY
Is Permanently Located at
THE OSBURNE HOTEL
PARLOR A GRAND AVENUE AND EAST ASH
Office Hours, 10 to 12 and 2 to 4 ' '
Evening by Appointment Phone East 5619
C ' VI
V i
Sr. W. A. Wise.
OUT OF TOWN PEOPLt
Should remember that our force is so
organised that WE CAN DO THEIR
ENTIRE CROWN, BRIDGE AND
PLATE WORK IN A DAY If necessary.
Positively Painless Extraction fret
when plates or bridges are ordered
WE REMOVE THE MOST SENSITIVE
TEETH AND ROOTS WITHOUT THE
LEAST PAIN. NO STUDENTS; no un
certainty but SPECIALISTS who do
the most scientific and careful work.
WISE DENTAL CO., Inc.
Dr. W. A. Wise, Mgr., 21 years in
Portland. Second floor. Failing bldg..
Third and Washington streets. Offloa
hours, S a. m. to 8 p. m. Sundays. to
1 p. m. Painless extracting. 50c; ptatea.
$6 up rnone a ana Main zozo.
1P1
f AILAOfi of UfE "AT 1
Chief Corn Flakes
Healthful and Delicious
Always Ready, Always : Fresh
We Supply Your Grocer
4 ' Just As He Needs Them
Made In Portland Dy
Oregon Flake Foo :
THE OREGON DA!!
A J N E W 8 P A P E R F O U 4
3 1 5
$20
c$30
LEADING
CLOTHIER
Once
You
Try
You Will
Always Buy