12-
THE OREGON I DAILY . JOURNAL'. '. PORTLAND, .1 FRIDAY EVFNING, DECEMBER tlL 1008. X
OFGREAT
EXTEHT
Statistics Gathered Under
' Direction of Bepresenta-
tive Theodore Burton
Show What 'We Use and
. What We Desire.
. The statiatics which have been
fathered during the last six
" months On the use of water for 4
f all purposes in the United States
under the direction of Represen-
tatlve Theodore F. Burton Of
Ohio, chairman of the Inland $
, 4 .waterway commission, which
forma the section of waters of
. ' the national conservation cord-
mission, show possibilities of
Immense savings by a mere 4
economical utilization of the
'. available supply of water. Some 4
4 of the more Interesting parts of
this report follow. "
(Unites press Leased Wt.)
Washington, V. C Dec. 11. The
mole source of our fresh water Is rain
fall, including snow. From this source
out running, standing and ground
waters are derived. The habitabllity
l of the country depends on these waters.
The quantity , of rainfall. Including the
rainfall on water areas, Is 215,000,000,
. 000,000 cubic feet1 Of - the total rain
fall, over half is evaporated; about a
third flows Into the sea, the remaining
sixth is either consumed or absorbed.
What We TTse and Wast.
Of the 70,000.000.000.000 cubic feet
annually flowing into the sea, less than
1 per cent ; is restrained -and utilised
for municipal and community supply
and related purposes: less than 2 per
cent, or some .10 prfr cent of that in
the arid and semi arid regions) is used
. for. irrigation; perhaps & per cent is
currently used for navigation, and less
than S per cent is utilized for power.
.It is estimated that 86 per cent to 86
- per cent of the volume vis wasted In
freshets or destructive floods.
There are in mainland United States
v 2K2 streams navigated for an aggregate
-- of 2.116 miles, and as -much more -navigable
by improvement; there' are also
46 canals with a mileage of 2189.05,- be
: tildes numerous abandoned canals. On
. . lake and sound routes there is large
traffic, but the navigation of rivers
and canals is too small for definite
record. The cost of water carriage ave-
raging about one fourth that of rail
. carriage, and our railway freightage
during 1906 reaching 217.000,000.000
tnn miles at an average rate of 0.77
cent, the shipping of one fifth of our
freight by water would have saved
over $260,000,000 to our producers and
: consumers;
s..,- Power of Streams.
The theoretical power of the streams
ts over ' 230.000,000 horsepower; the
amount now In use is 6,260,000 horse
power. The amount available at a cost
comparable with that of stream in
stallation Is estimated .at- 37,000,000
horsepower, and the amount available
at reasonable cost at 75.000,000 to 150.-
000.000 horsepower. The 87,000,000
horsepower exceeds our entire mechan-
' teal power now in use, and would ope
rate every mill, drive every spindle,
propel every train and boat, and light
every city, town and village in the
.... country.
The direct yearly damage by floods
since 1900 has increased steadily from
146,000,000 to $238,000,000; the indi
rect loss through depreciation of prop-
v rty (s probably greater; while the
largest -loss is that arising in the im
pediment of navigation and terminal
transfers.
Destructive Erosion.
The freshets are attended by de
structive soil erosion. . The soil matter
: annually carried into lower rivers and
. harbors or Into the sea reaches 783,
000.000 tons. Its removal seriously re
duces the productivity of upland farms
and Increases channel cutting and bar
building in the rivers. It is estimat
ed .that soil erosion reduces farm pro
duction 10 per cent to 20 per cent; and
: that the annual loss to the farms alone
Is $600,000,000; and that large losses
follow the pollution of the waters and
diminution of navigability .. In the
streams. A -.r ,: T-',
Through imperfect ' control of -' the
running waters, lowlands are " temDor-
arily or permanently flooded. It Is es
timated that there : are in mainland
United States 76,000,000 ' to 80,000,000
acres of overflow and swamp lands re
quiring drainage; that by systematic
operations tnese can do arainea at moo
erate expense; and that they would then
be worth two or three times tne pres
ent value and cost of drainage, and
would furnish homes for- lo.ouo.vuu
people. ' - ,-.
wok we am to w.
In considering the uses and benefits
to be derived from the 215,000,000,000,
000 cubic feet of water annually re
ceived, the paramount use Should be
that of water supply; next should fol
low navigation In humid regions, and
irrigation In arid regions. The develop
ment of power on the . navigable and
source streams should be kept subordi
nate tn the orimary and secondary uses
of the waters; though other things
equal, the development of power should
be encouraged, not only to reduce the
drain on other resources, but because
oronerlv desiarned reservoirs ana power
plants retard tne runorr ana so am in
he control or tne streams ror naviga
tion and other uses.
The broad Dan already framed uy
statesmen and experts and approved by
the executive should be enacted into
law; it provides for a system of water
way improvement extending to all of
the uses of the waters and benefits to
be derived from their control. Including
the purification of the water and the
abatement of floods for the benefit of
navigation, the extension of irrigation,
the development and application of
power, the prevention of soil wash, the
nn rl flout Ion of streams for water sup
ply, and the drainage and utilization of
the waters lor swamp ana overiiow
lands.
Heeded Waterways.
Tn fhK Atlantic interior system, there
should be a deeD waterway from Oulf
Of Mexico to the Great Lakes, and a
deep and continuous Atlantic inner pas
sage from New England to Florida;
the present plan for improving the Ohio
should be carried out promptly, and
should be nerfected by. any forestation
and reservoirs required to control the
headwaters; the upper Mississippi ana
the Missouri should be improved and
canalised r the lower Mississippi should
be connected with the Rio Grande and
with the waters of. Florida by inner
passages; the navigable rivers flowing
nto Gulf or Mexico ana Atlantic ocean
should be improved; and all appropriate
links in the system should be adapted
to vessels of standard draft,' and should
be connected with one another and with
the Great Lakes by canals of standard
dimensions. In the Columbia Puget
system, the rivers should be Improved
and requisite connecting canals should
be constructed; ana in uaiirornia,
Sacramento. Kan Joaquin and Feather
rivers should be so improved as to open
the country to interstate and foreign
commerce.
Coat of Improvement.
It has been roughly estimated that
the inland waterways of the country
could be improved in 10 years at a cost
of S60.000.000 annually in sucn manner
as to promote Interstate commerce and
at the same time greatly reduce the
waste and extend the use or the waters.
If done at the cost of the people, the
burden would be 62 cents per capital
per year, or itt.za in an.
It is roughly estimated that the di
rect benefits would comprise an annual
saving in transportation of 250,000,000;
an annual saving in flood damage of
150.OV0.O0Or an average -annual saving
in forest fires of at least 126.000.000.
and an annual benefit through cheap
ened power of fully 175,000,000, and
an annual saving in soil erosion (or
corresponding benefit through increased
rarm production) or xiuu,uuu,uuu a
total or xi,ouo,oo,ou, or siz.&u per
capita annually. 1. e., 20 times the cost.
in aid u l on. large Denerits wouici result
from extended irrigation, from the
overflow lands, and from punned and
cheapened water supply with consequent
diminution of disease and saving of
human life.
Indirect Benefits.
Various indirect benefits would arise
through the interrelations among the
natural resources. The development of
water, traffic in lieu Of rail carriages
would reduce the constantly Increasing
consumption of ties and mine timbers,
now a heavy drain on our forests; it
would reduce the consumption of iron,
since water vehicles require but a quar
ter to a third of the metal required by
rail vehicles of like capacity; and it
would correspondingly reduce the con
sumption of coal for both propulsion
and smelting.
Reckoning the total cost of domestic
traffic by rail and water and wagon,
with freightage on Imports, It is prob
able that the average American family
pays for transportation of food and
clothing more than 26 per cent of their
actual cost 1. e., our consumers pay
too much and our producers get too ..lit
tle for the necessaries of life. This
condition would be relieved by the de
velopment of water transportation on
an adequate scale.
It is estimated that the income de
rived from power developed by works
for the Improvement or navigation i
would alone, at current market rates i
utilized In cooperation with states and i
citizens, compensate the entire cost of
maintenance and continued development
after the Initial expenditure of $500,
000.000 as working capital.
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HOLIDAY GOODS IN
EVERY department; :
Never have the people of the great East Side
such an opportunity to do their holiday shop
ping on the East bide, as
, this big department store '
presents this year. Stocks
are much larger, variety is
greater and values are bet
ter here than elsewhere, v
Santa Claus in Our
Big Basement Toy Depart
ment, Saturday, Dec 12
Afternoon 2 to .5; Evening 7 to 8:30
A PRESENT FOR ALL
CHILDREN
Santa Claus will be here again on Saturday,
glad to see all the little folks and make a pres
ent to each child accompanied by an . adult:
Come and greet him. Our Toy Department is
remarkably complete this season. Toys, Dolls,
Games, Doll Carts, Wagons, Velocipedes,
Children's Books, Decorations, etc., in great
variety and in all prices. You'll find here
something to suit most any child. , .
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Crockery, Glassware
and Silverware
In Basement Salesroom. You'll
find thousands of pretty pieces of
Glassware, Chinaware, Silverware,
etc., that will make most accept
able presents, and the prices range
from 5 up.
Rich Cut Glass at
One-Quarter Off
To introduce this new depart
ment and line of goods, until
Christmas you. may choose any
piece of this elegant rich sparkling
Cut Glass at 25 per cent less than
regular marked price.
Our New Jewelry Dept.
Ladies' Brooches. .25 to $3.00
Ladies' Bracelets . .50f to f3.00
Veil Pins 25 to fl.OO
Fancy Hat Pins...lO? to 75
Ladies' Neck Chains. $2 to fS.OO
ladies' Fancy Neckw'r
Superb showing of ladies' new
neckwear, suitable for Christmas
presents ...... .25 to fl.BO
MEN'S BATH ROBES
f 3.50, f 5.00, f 6.00, f T.SO
Ladies' Suits and
Coats at '
One-Third Off
A very special Saturday Sale.
Just think, one third off the
price of any of this season's
choicest and best coats. Gar
ments that are correct in every
detail of style, color, fit, and
finish. Best shades of blue,
brown, gray, green, etc., are
here for your choosing. For
instance:
$18.00 Suits are fl2.Q0
$21.00 Suits are f 1400
$25.00 Suits are f 16.67
$30.00 Suits are f20.OO
$5 and $6
DRESS SKIRTS
at $3.38
Handsome tailored. dress
skirts, of all wool panania. Best
pleated style, prettily trimmed
with bias bands of silk. Skirts
are full width and perfect fit
ting. Colors are black, blue and
brown.
Holiday Slippers for Men v
and Women
Our showing pf Slippers for
men and women is very complete
at this time. ' .
Women's Felt Slippers," fur
trimmed. .98, fl.25, $1.50,
' $1.75
Women's Rubber Heel Juliettes, '
at ?1.48, fl.75
Men's Slippers.. 75, ffl.OO,
fl.25, f 1.50, f 2.00, , 92.50
Big Show Men's Neckwear
Thousands of very, handsome new
ties. Best new shapes colors and "
patterns. Greatest assortment
af 25 and 50
Men's Smoking Jackets
Special at 5.00
Colors blue, brown, gray.
Piano Voting Contest
$400 PIANO FREE'
Contest votes are as foHows:
Bertha Schutz :.. 25,405
Myrtle Evans .. .......21,308
Mrs. P. Gromi ...........'..19,672
Clara Ulrich 9,294
Mrs. W. H. Duncan......;. 7,169
Newton Anderson 5,607
Emily Mohr 2,501
Mabel Stump 2,435
Jennie Galbraith ." 2,427
Ruth Linzle 2,393
We MacKenzie 2,232
Vedna Bennett 1,855
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Markell & Co
Leading East Side Department Store
Last Morrison, Corner Union Avenue
WHERE THE FINEST OLIVE OIL IN THE WORLD
COMES FROM
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Th Imported OHve Oil known as "Italy Brand" can have no superior. It's
the -finest Italy iias In her orchards, and Italy's Olive orchards are the
finest 1n the . world. This pure Olive Oil possesses wonderful virtue as
inedicin.A, and . is''htghly recommended bythe. profession. , .
PRICES GaUon, $3.00. Half gallon, $1.60. Quart 00.
i Especially put up for th United States of America,
AIUVTA BROS., 69-71 Sixth Main 2531 A2531
S. A. AH ATA & CO., 104 Third Main 480
EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTORS. ? v
REED - TRENCH
PIANO BARGAINS
Aiew slashing big
;discounls to show,
piano buyers where
real piano bargains
are to be found.
The pianos are all
. M I A M sJ "ft MsvJ M sf sV sM IS ' '"'I
aidiiudiu monu
ments and yet we
quote them far less than cheap pianos
are'usually sold for.
SINGER Two years used, not damaged in the least. .? 160.00
KINGSBURY Large , size ,...;...f 175.00
r WILLARD Hardly a mar on it : 100.00
CHICKERING Owner in California and has ordered 1
us to sell at a big sacrifice for quick money...... f 250.00
SCHUBERT Had just enough use to make th tone '
.. mellow and sweet; $450.00 style f 200.00
SOHMER Ebony, case. We do not carry this piano
regularly; agents for Sohmer get $450 for this I -style. f 315.00,'
EVERETT Ah exquisitely finished piano; 'tone A-l;
retails at $500.00 f 330.00
COMBINATION PLAYER-PIANO Latest style ,
and thoroughly guaranteed; has been used less i
than, a year; retail price $650.00 f 375.00 '
OUTSIDE PLAYER A Cecilian In perfect work
ing, order; $30 worth of music goes with it ..S130.00
Monthly payments, from, $6.00 to $10.00. You may see these
instruments in the evening. Store open nights.
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REED-FRENCH PIANO MFG. CO.
SIXTH 'AND fiURNSIDE STREETS
Store4 Open Evenings.
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PRICES THAT TALK
HERE ARE SOME WATCH BARGAINS FOR THIS
WEEK ONLY
Ladies' 20-year gold-filled Elgin or Waltham Watch, Q QC
regular price $15, our sale price wO.OD
Ladies' solid gold Elgin or Waltham Watch, fA
regular price $25, our sale price plf3U
Gents' 20-year gold-filled Elgin or Waltham Watch,'
regular price $15, our sale price
$9.50
Gents' 20-year gold filled, 17-jewel E'in or Wal- QC
tham watch. Reg. price, $20, our sal? pi ioe 7ll.D
All our -Watches are guaranteed to keep perfect , time, or
money refunded. Mail orders filled promptly. Open evenings
until, 9 p. m. Buy your Watches from the busiest watch
tore in Portland.
,149 THIRD ST, NEAR , CORNER MORRISON
Owners of Old Exposition
Building Say No Sale
Has Been Made.
Rumors current for the past few days
to the effect that negotiations are in
progress looking to th erection of a
fine family hotel on the alta of the old
exposition building on Washington
street, between Nineteenth and Twenty
first, cannot be confirmed. When the
i rumor was brought to the attention of
Russell & Blyth, half owners of the
property. It was denied that there is
any immediate prospect of a hotel go
ing up o the property, although it was
admitted . that the owners had been ap
proached a number of times during the
past year by prominent realty brokers
with various hotel r.nd apartment hous
propositions, an looiting to an extensive
improvement or tne entire, two block
front.
When asked as. to the report that the
property is 10 Da improved, Lewls Rus
sell of Russell & Blvth denied that hi
firm and F. W. Leadbetter. the other
owner, naa any sucn negotiations on
nana mai migni ieaa to an early lna
provement or sale of the nroDertv.
"In the past two years," said Mr.
Russell, "we have been approached by
various Interests with propositions to
Duy ine oia exposition grounds as a
site for a family hotel or apartment
nouse, dui so lar noming nas come Ot
these offers. - Onlv verv reoentlv
were asked by a broker to put a price on
wr pruperiy, put uecunea at tn
10 00 so.
Christmas
' Pianos
he time
No more striking examnle of ho in.
mense advance in Washington street
value Is to be seen than has taken
place in this property in the past few
years. The present owners purchased
it less than 10 years ago for a sum in
the neighborhood of $60,000. There are
23 full sited lots in the tract, and the
quarter block at Nineteenth and Wash
ington could easily Jte sold for a sum
In excess of the original price paid by
the present owners. A low estimate
of the present value of the entire hold
ing would be $400,000.
The property is admirably situated as
v site' for a modern family hotel or
apartment Iwjipe, and whether anything
comes of the current reports that it is
to be utilised for on or the other 'is
the near future. It is regarded as prac
tically certain that It wiil'not long re
main la ts present unproductive tater-
What would afford you more pleas
ure irt your home Christmas Day than
music and story andTsong. ' Music gives
to the home life an atmosphere which
nothing else can suDOly. Tour children
will be better, brighter, happier if they
sing and play. Mother and father will
likewise be happier. Music Indeed has
charms power to drive "dull care
away." We suggest a piano, a player
piano, or a Victor Talking Machine for
& unristmas present ror tne wnoie iam
lly. A new piano will find Its way
to your home if you will bring us but
$10 cash; a player piano If you bring
us $25 cash; a Victor Talking Machine
if you pay only $5 cash and $1 per
week. Why should you be without mu
sic this Christmas Day and all the days
of 1909? : t
This is a personal invitation for you
to call to see and hear our pianos and
victor taming macmnes. ,
BTEZ3TWAT AJTD OTDBX VXAJBTOS.
Sherman, Clay & Co;
OFFOSXTS FOSTOmOE, SOTS. AJTD
XOBBItiOBT.
GrangevIIIe Line Opsns. ;
I The Northern Pacific' new extension
from -Coldesac, ; Idaho, to- Grangevllle,
Idaho, 'Was opened for yeneral traffic
Weanesdar. all classes of freight being
received - excepting Hvestock-which will
not be accepted untll-tbe roadbed has
settled better. Agents have been es
tablished at Reubens. Vollmer, Cotton
wood and Grangevllle. Th 64
fti ties long. . : '. , ,. . i ;J
122 A WEEK
" CHOOSE NOW YOUR.
Choose early-r-stocks and displays are bigger now, and there is nothing gained by waiting. This
store is ready to serve you well withthe most useful Christmas gifts. Every department is full
with holiday goods which will stand the most critical scrutiny.
A Few Suggestions 'Twill Help You
For
s
Ladies
' Furs . w
Feather. Boas
Fancy Silk Underskirts
Fancy Muslin Waists
Silk Umbrellas
m; Robes
Merry Widow Gloves
Belts
Fancy Combs
Bracelets
Handkerchiefs
Fancy Sweaters
For Men v
Swell Neckwear Gold & Filled Watches
t Fancy Suspenders Gold and Filled Chains
r Gloves - Lockets
, ' Dress Shirts Fancy Socks s
Fancy Vests Fancy Sweaters
Silk Umbrellas , Mufflers
Come and make your selection and pay, in weekly or monthly payments. Special prices on ladies'
' Suits and Coats, It will pay you to look them over.
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