THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY, MORNING, DECEMBER 6, 1908.
CURE li!Sili!E
PEOPLMjl
Cottage Plan Proves Its
Excellence -f Scatters Pa
tients and Gives Them
Outdoors,-! Amusements,
Tasks and -Sleep. V:
By FREDERIC J. HASKIN.
(Copyright. 1908, by Frederic i. Hsikln.)
Ttflecjo, Ohio, Dec. 6. Here In Toledo
4 1. i I 41 i
HIV v-ULmgo U( liuuniuff HIV HA-
sane was first adopted in the United
fctateo. When first suggested 25 years
go It was sneered at, derided, and
because of its unpopularity had In
numerable obstacles thrown in Its way
.by uniformed politicians. The plan
was called by some "Brlnkerhoffe
Folly," by some "Foster's Folly," and
one Ohio worker in like institutions
likened It unto a cattle ranch. But
Governor Foster and General Brlnker
hoff knew the success that had fol
lowed such plans abroad, -and calmly
surmounted their difficulties until the
' novel institutional plan was complete,
and in 1885 the Toledo hospital was
opened and several hundred patients
placed there.
Public opinion has changed a great
deal in this quarter of a century. The
ability to change the point of view is
eald to be a mark of progress. This
very plan that was ridiculed when in
augurated has become the model on
which every new hospital for the in
sane Is being built in this country.
They are yet more of the older plan
of one large building, but the newer
ones follow this. The Idea calls for
a big central office building, as the one
here, a great brick structure where the
superintendent lives and where the
official business of the place la dis
charged; one or two large community
dining halls, a hospital for men, a hos
pital for women, and then all about
these on a campus of several hundred
acres, fireproof brick cottages for the
unfortunates.
Outdoor Ufe.
There ere 26 cottages here, each ac
commodating 40 men or women with
two or three --nurses In attendance.
Each Is made as near like a home as
possible, with comfortable sleeping
quarters and living rooms, and every
incentive to normal living nd normal
occupations. The patients treated here,
an annual average of 1800, are from
the 24 porthwestern counties of the
state of Ohio. Of these -15 per cent
are cured, If this percentage ig cured
here, it follows that were the same
means used in all other public and
private hospitals for the Insane, there
would be over 23,600 persons released
in a reasonable time from to 328 public
and private institutions named in the
last special census.
The first principle of the cure prac
ticed here is to always consider the
patient as a normal being, and keep him
or her outdoors as much as possible.
The slogan, "back to nature," is
sounded tore as clearly ss by pny fol
lower of some new outdoor cult, but
it has a more practical application.
Every man capable of being trusted
with a tool Is given work on the farm.
In the garden or on the lawn, or if he
cannot work he is kept outdoors much
of the time anyway. Two hundred do
successful outdoor work, and most
cures are made among these. The
women patients are given housework
with plenty of outdoor exercise, if
they are not too afflicted to do the
simple tasks, and If they are they are
sent outdoors under charge of attend
ant Here, as In reformatories, schools
and homes for other defectives, it is
found wisest ana oest to Keep me
hands employed.
Amusements All the Tune.
When a patient is suffering from a
hallucination one of the six physicians
here, who are continually making; their
rounds, calls several times a day on
such patient, and step by step tries
to develop the reasoning faculties and
then shows the absurdity of the Idea.
Of those who suffer from fixed de
lusions, two thirds are deemed incur
able. They are taught to doubt the
existence of the delusion, often with
flood results. All the while the patient
kept from disturbing Influences, is
given plenty of wholesome food, and
all possible outdoor life. The more
violent ones receive constant attention,
and are more ant to Improve than the
ones suffering from melancholia.
Amusements are constantly provided.
.. 4 a an Amtmement tin.11 TiAre. and
from the first of September until the
last of July there is a weekly dance
for the patients. In summer there are
outdoor amusements. The employes of
the institution have organised a band
which furnishes good music that Is a
source of great pleasure to the in
mates, and they are entertained by
baseball and athletio contests by these
- untiring wardens. In the chapel,
services are held fot them, and the
idea of simple, normal living la ex
emplifled at every turn. In many re
spects the institution here at Toledo
Is not so up to date as many of the
ones that have been patterned after It.
but the prestige it established for itself
a quarter of a century ago in the face
of opposition still remains.
sTo Mora Straight Jacket.
The wide charity of the national mind
toward the unfortunate and the depend
ent of the nation finds proof In the
care of the Insane as In the car of
the blind, tha Immigrant, tha little
children and the delinquents. The
harsh measures of the old "straight
jacket" days are passing with awakened
Intelligence. Of course the violent pa
tients must be restrained In some
fashion and be under constant surveil
lance. Her a queerly sleeved Jacket
is used that holds the restless arms
down at the sides for awhile, and
causes no pain the wearer, and the
remoteness of cottages from one
another allows the cries and calls to
carry less far --d produoe less excit
ing influence iffther patients than
when they are T"".ed in the same big
building in adjoining cells, -
Oinp MW m www mm
Every two or three hours each of
these violent ones is taken for an -outdoor
airing and the telling effect of the
air and sunshine is found in the long
night's sleep that follows. - In addition
to the "blind sleeves" there are "re
straining sheets", by means of which
the patient is comfortably tucked In
bed, and while he can turn about and
stretch the limbs at ease, he cannot
thresh about and either injure himself.
or wear out his pnyaicai endurance as
he would unrestrained. The new Ideas
developed by modern philanthropy are
making even restraint comfortable,
wholesome and a step toward a cure,
where, under the old regime, it became
a punishment, a menace to health and a
detriment to cure. - -
Heredity leads among the causes or
Insanity, Environment is listed among
other causes.- The largest percentage of
the Insane in the United States is drawn
from the class known to census anumer-
tnra ci a lnhnnM- An4-Mrvftltti, TbHt
constitute 41.6 per cent of all the in
mates of hospitals for the Insane.- The
people engaged In agriculture. In trans-
rortation and in other outdoor callings
umish 12.5 per cent and the manufac
turing and mechanical Industries. 1 per
cent. The largest percentage of women
ratients In the nation's hospitals is from
he farms the monotony of the remote
rural existence-, the nettv cares that op
press the dwellers in the slums of the'
country being often too much for them,
iialtnutrition, coupled with a eak-
constitution, has caused an exceptionally
large number of case of diseased minds
and a gcattfyingly large number ot
these have been cured by nature's sim
plest process wholesome food, oatdoor
life, food sleep, and freedom from noise
and worry, 'A great number of women
have gone insane at childbirth and oth
ers as a result of disease. It has been
found In the hospital here, as elsewhere,
that an operation performed by a skilled
surgeon has Invariably resulted In the
restored physical health of the patient
and very often, in- consequence, the
mental health has been wholly or par
tially restoreo.. -
preventable Insanity.
The number of preventable cases of
Insanity in this country may be reck
oned as 10 per cent of tha entire num
ber or nearly 15.000 in all.- For this
percentage represents the number of pa
tients In the nation's hospitals for the
insane and in private homes who have
gone Insane through the effects of al
cohol. Some of these patients have lost
their minds through too frequent pota
tions on their own account, others are
there from no fault of their own. They
are the victims of a erlme of the most
crimson hue, for their parents have
transmitted mental diseases to mem as
a -result of Intemperate lives. - One of
the most pathetic cases here In the
Toledo hosnltal is that of a. vounar epU
leptio girl whose' father was a eon-
nrmea arunuara una wno iramramra
this disease to her, so that she came
into the world a hopeless mental wreck,
a disappointment ' to her people and a
care on the state. In this Instance, as
in many others of a like nature, the
parents appear Indifferent to tha faot
that the fault Is theirs, they only mur
mur that tha hand of providence is
heavy.
A Temperance Reason.
It is claimed by students of the men
tally defective that the first born in
nearly every French peasant's home Is
an Imbecile, or mentally unfit In some
way, and the cause-Is found In the fact
that the first few weeks of Its parents'
early married life had been - spent in a
continual bout of feasting and merry
makine. always drinking more wine than
was good for them. Such children were
born of the spirit of intemperance and
became unwitting charges on the state.
This is one of tho biggest' arguments
for a general liquor legislation. It will
not only protect the Innocent, but save
to this nation alone about 16,000 men
and women that in all probability would
make goo and upright citizens. From
a financial' point of view, the saving
would be something worth considering,
since the annual expenditure for tha
Insane of this country Is $21,000,000 in
the public institutions alone. Of the
feeble minded who are not classed In the
census of the insane, there 'are about
16.000 In the United States, and a great
percentage of these may be traced to
the liquor cause, and added to the
needlessly lost cltliens.
Safety Appliances.
It was a former superintendent of fhe
Toledo hospital who Invented a bath
tub for the use of Insane patients to
prevent the many serious accidents that
nave .caused deaths fromy scalds and
burns, when patients meddled with the
wrong faucets. This invention was so
arranged that when the water reached a
certain . temperature an automatic de
vice prevented the entrance of more hot
water. He also perfected a device for
preventing the escape of gas when in
vestigating patients tampered with the
fixtures. These were characteristic
achlevenatnts of tho Toledo hospital and
of the men who made it the model of
Its kind one of the nation's biggest
Inspirations in-uplift work among defectives.
Britons Read Solid Books.
From Progress.
The borrowing of novels is declining
1 over England, being not more than
16 per cent of the work done, by public
libraries. In the public. libraries of the
United Kingdom there are 4,000,000 ref
erence and 8,000,000 lending books; 11,
000,000 reference books are consulted
every year, according to the records, and
at least an equal number are taken from
the shelves and consulted without be
ing recorded. Every year (0,000,000
books are lent for home readlnar. div
ing further detail the Investigator states
mat -tne taste xor nistory, biography
and travel is on the wane; readers are
all for science and sociology, and new
books on socialism are always in demand."
BLAKE TELLS OF
PLOT TO BRIBE
Says Kucfs Han Had $5000
-to $6000 for Kelly If
Jury Was Close.,
(Unites fMas Leases' Wire.)
San Francisco, -Dec 6. A 'carefully
laid plot to bribe John Martin Kelly, a
prospective Buef Juror,, to vote for the
caulttal of the former city boss was
falleged today by E. A. 8. Blake, who
Is relied upon oy tne prosecution iut
testimony that will convict Buef s at
torney, Frank J. Murphy, of participa
tion in tha crime. Blake, underthe
nuMtlnnfna- nf District -Attorney Wll-
'ilam U T.nnvinn riulraut that MtimhV.
Attorney A. a. rxewDurgn, who jo
accused of the same crime, and himself
were In conrerence over tne proposed
bribing of Kelly. - - iW
"We are working hard for our client."
Rink a mm Murnhv told him "and we
want to win out. We've got $1000 that
we are willing to give your xrtena iveny
If ha will vote to acquit our client.
Kuef." u
Rlaka aald he becamaacaualnted with
Newburgh during the early part of the
year, as DOtn naa ornces in tne same
outlaing. iiiaxe was introaucea to juur
nhv bv Nfewbureh. At that time. Mur
phy showed him a list of Ruef jurors
and learned that Blake knew Kelly well.
Blake said that on August 17 Murphy
made tha offer. At that time, Blake
testified. Murphy said:
"If it is a case of ten to two or eleven
to one, wa wouldn't mind making It five
times as much." - -
Blake told of a subsequent meeting
with. Newburgh in which the latter ex
pressed the .fear that Kelly had
sauealed" to the district attorney.
Rlnb. than recounted his own confession
to the district attorney, which followed
his trial and conviction for attempted
bribery.- . ' -- . . ' .,
Blake testified that Murphy had paid
him $80 a week when he waa being
tried for- attempted bribery, and had
also Informed him that tho case was
full of loopholes, and a higher court
would set him free if ne was conviciea.
PRESIDENT IN FIGHT
i ON SMELTER POISONS
(United Ptm Lraied WirO m
nraekiMa'rnn TUn R A t tr An nnnri
conference this afternoon on the ques
tion whether Montana, smelters must be
with rns rnnfliimArii PrMMnr
Roosevelt directed the department of
Justice to dexer tne oomempiaiea in
junction proceedings against the Ana
conda Copper company until he. could
send experts to lnveaiigaiw u upora-
uuu "1 -. - c -
now in use at the copper smelters of
DucKtown, 'ienn.
The president expressed his conviction
some method of neutralising the gases.
To Old Mexico
Tha resular midwinter excursion to
Old Mexico will leave Portland Decem
ber itth and 18th. joining the Southern
raoiftd solid ' Pullman excursion train
oat of San Francisco Tuesday, Decem-
Oer XDin. iuw imum a,, wi uanu w
i ... mill V.n llAi. t1 rV a t a h.oh
jniTjLIl'U V.. 1 V J " . v , v. ... ' -.-
Ing a limit of two months, with stops
turn trip. Passengers will be given the
choice of the Southern Pacific or the
ganta Fa returning between El Paso and
San Francisco. Coming west over the
tSAnta rl you wn iuukb n. biuq trip miu
the Grand Canyon for $6.60. Ask for
i lull h,w,lrlt ,tnpv An this
charming and historic country. Tick
ets, rpservHiioiiH anu iio-i uvuii i
Third and Washington streets.
CHRISTMAS SAL1L FINE, ART W ARE
AT ONE-HALF REGULAR PRICES
High-Gradc Potteries, Artware, Imported China and Brasses All
at One-Half Price
We are absolutely closing out all the wares
now carried on the third floor. This im
mense space abounds with appropriate sug
gestions for Christmas gifts, and we now
put all these goods-on sale, which will en
able those seeking presents of lasting merit
. to secure them at prices never offered before.
In fact, we have never presented a better opportunity to purchase the
FINEST PRODUCTS OF THE OLD AND NEW WORLD. This sale
includes every article on the third floor, which includes the following new,
handsome and well assorted lines:
mm
Cloisonne Wares
Imported Amphora
Royal Doulton n
Delia Robia
Stouffer's Hand Painted China
Imported Hand Painted China
Hand Hammered Brasses
Japanese Bronzes
Imported German Steins
Japanese Dinner Gongs
Bombay. Reed Baskets
Royal Vienna Ware
Hanging Baskets
Royal Bonn Ware-
Austrian Ware
Teplitz Ware
Bavarian Vases
Tiffany Ware
Rozane
Candlesticks 100 shapes
Imported Bonaparte Ware
Japanese Kouchi Ware
Cedar Chests
Imported Waste Baskets
Great Chance to Get Two or Three Pieces of FINE ART WARE at the Price You Usually Pay for One
THXBD nOOm TAKZ ZSITATOI ) '
PERFUME,
ATOMIZERS
A splendid display in China, Bo
hemian and Venetian Glass, beau
tifully decorated, extra good rub
ber bulbs, covered with silk net.
EXCEPTIONAL VALUES
FROM 5ty TO $3.00
GILLETTE, ;
Safety Razors
Just the correct and most
useful present, for any
man. Standard Gillette
set, containing hand lie, 12
blades, in moroccoj grain
case, violet plush lined,
95. Fancy sets, $5T.50f
$9, ?12, 15, $22.50.
Buy "Her"
a Glove
Certificate
x
-
I:
r
i
SOLE AGENTS CELEBRATED
DUNLAP HATS i
If anybody asked you what
kind of clothes you wanted, you'd
say: "Good' clothes, and noth
ing else." '
Thats your rule for clothes
'isn't it?
It's ours, as sellers.
We make a specialty of Stein
Bloch Co. Smart Clothes, because
they are better than any other we
know most perfectly fit our
'ideas as here expressed.
They are nothing else than
good clothes as profitable to
you to buy as to us to sell. We
show a most complete stock of
these fine clothes.
From the smart Business Suit
to the extreme Evening Clothes,
including ; h
Overcoats
and Raincoats
$20 to $50
A complete assortment of Holi
day Furnishing Goods. This in
cludes everything for 'men.
If you are undecided, give him
a Merchandise Order and let him
choose for himself.
Robinson & Go.
WASHINGTON AT FIFTH
Perkins Hotel Building .
Buy 'Him"
a Gillette
Razor
J
t
!
1
if
GAS
Retiring from the
Sale of
APPLIANC
Our Entire Stock of Gas Ranges, Water Heaters,
Fixtures, Gas Burners, Glassware
. -
i ' '
Must Be Sold By January 1st, 199
After That Date We Will Confine Ourselves Exclusively
to the Sale and Manufacture of Gas
Commencing (tomorrow) Monday we will inaugurate a special sale: and
all goods will be offered at ONE HALF THEIR VALUE. All :
prospective builders should take advantage of this
sale as GOODS MUST AND WILL BE
SOLD. No reasonable offer refused
SALESROOM OPEN EVENINGS UNTIL 9 P.M.
PORTLAND
GAS- COMPANY
"i ,i. -.-V-
FIFTH AND YAMHILL STREETS