THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL!, PORTLAND. THURSDAY EVENING. SEPTEMBER 10, 1908.
l ABE
WAS
HATED
Between Copperheads and
Savage Republican Itad-
' - icals He Almost 31issed
Reelection It Was the
- People AYlio Saved the Day
By FREDERIC J. HASKIN.
(Copyright. 1908. b Frederic J. Haskln.)
Washington, Sept 10. -It is difficult
- for this generation, acknowledging Ab
raham Lincoln as . one of fn greatest
of men and aa the greateat leader of the
Republican party, to realise the fact that
be iron hi renomtnatlon and reelection
to the presidency In 1864 over the great
let obstacles. Practically every leader
In the Republican party waa oppoaed to
Llncoln'a renominatlon. Nearly every
prominent Republican In the country
believed Lincoln could not defeat Gen
eral McClellan if he were renominated.
But the people of the whole north rose
up in their might, ran rough-shod over
-the politicians and Instructed their dele
cat to vote for '."Old Abe."
Months after the nomination waa made
. ft seemed certain tht McClellan would
be elected. The Republican campaign
leaders gave up hope and Lincoln him
self admitted defeat. Two months be-,
fore the election the tide turned the
other way, thanks to a Democratic blun
der and a victory won by the union ar
mies in the south.)
The "Union" Party If Ton Plea.
The Democratic party had been a
wonderful political imwhine and had
dominated the country for 80 years.. It
had been more powerful in the north
than. in the south forp goodly portion of
that six decades. It waa too strong
In the north to die in a brief four years.
Bo greatly did the Republican organiza
tion fear It. notwithstanding Its broken
condition, that the Republican leaders
deliberately abjured their party name
Bllu uiviir'j a it" inmni uiu" viiiri iinuii
to meet at Baltimore early in June. The
Union" party it was that renominated
Lincoln, not the- Republican. -
War and Peaoa Democrats.
The Democrats of the states remain
ing In the union were divided into two
camps war Democrats and peace Demo
crats. Both fnetions were rather free
with their criticism of Lincoln's admin
istration, but neither could say the hard
thlng that the radical Republicans were
crnying. The -pace Democrats were
those who believed in letting the. south
ern staiJs go, 'or in anything to bring
peace. They were all accused, and many-
were guilty, of being in symnathy with
the confederate. They were the "dough
faces" who had supported Pierce and
rtuchannn and Breckinridge in the nast.
They were not the hated and despised
"Copperheads." One of the more pleas
ant Republican campaign songs of the
period waa:
rav him 18.000 majority In New York
" XJacola. till KoClsllaa, il.
Greet In the New York Tribune
heartily supported Lincoln and de
n ou need McClellan as a traitor. But at
the inrni time ha aald that no one
would oretund to think Mr. Lincoln a
freat man; The New York Herald
nought the choice between "Old Abe"
and ''Little Mao" was a choice between
evlla, not between excellencies. For a
time during the heat of the campaign
It appeared that a.. n coin had no friends
mom me laaaera ana in newipu".
Oirplng , critics dlaaected his every act.
nut tna tr.li maaa fir ini modi wrrt
for him. When the election waa over he
had carried twenty-two of the twenty:
flvei states which voted, receiving 111
electoral votes lb McClellan' 11.
Clellan carried only New Jersey, Ken
tucky ana unaware. ,
, Bavajrery of the JUdlcals.
Tinn.bN.1 and lvmlalfina both held
elections, and were carried - for Lincoln.
Its wished to hivi thalr votes accepted
and counted,- acting on the theory that
uieywert never legally oui or in un
ion. Hut the foroea of Btevana and
Wade were too stronr for him. They
controlled flnnirviii an1 rtassed a lolnt
resolution exciuainr in votes vi m
two states. Lincoln signed It with
great reluctance,, but he could not af
ford a break with congresa at tnai timt.
All durlnr the ramnslan the enemies
of Lincoln were circulating stories that
the president would withdraw from the
race If both Republicans and Democrats
couia agree upon a -pence cinaiuiw.
The absurdity of such a rumor dldn
kill it, -strange aa It may seem, and
many radical Republicans hated .Lin
coln for that. Lincoln's firm opposi
tion to any scheme for the punishment
of the' South by confiscation, his ear
nest desire to pay for the slaves eman
cipated, ana Ms determination 10 meet
the south half-way In a peace agree
ment, Infuriated the radicals.
KcClellan's Xantnokr XeaX
Serious charges were made against
McClellan during the campaign. He
was attacked for rula Inactivity while
at the head of the army, and bis war
fare on tha "rebels" was characterise!
aa "an srentle. ao considerate, so lan
guid," that the south had been prais
ing him ever since he waa relieved xrom
commana. An auegea agreement u
rarH intM Mm McClllan and Gen
eral Simon Bolivar Buckner, now the
nnl aurvl v tn o- llAiitnnant-Breneral of
either army, waa the basis of severe at
tacks on in uemocrauc nominee iu
1S61 Kentucky was attempting to main
tain a position of armed neutrality.
General Buckner was in command of
the Kentucky state troops, and.lt was
charged that McClellan agreed not to
send unuea estates troops inw rv-n-tuckv.
leaving Buckner to keep out the
Confederates. Alter inai, wnen iwn
tnnVv'a noaltlon became untenable,
Buckner went Into the Confederate
army. The bitterness or tnai poimcai
mmnalan has operated to prevent a
Just estimate of General McClellan's
military career, peruana, uui iui ua
moat part It Is forgotten. The aver
age man reads nothing but military his
tory ror tne perioa or i-.
mo Republicans in the Danger .1.
Pemocratlor governor. The Demoerata,
on the other hand, ware united BO cloae-
ly aa to force Johnson to accept another
nomination, and every vote in wis siai
convention waa given to him. -
In Iowa such ouarrei aa never
marked manv alate campaigns has
broken Out umona- tha . Ileiiubllrana,
Korty-nln HepublTcan members of the
legislature have re rimed to caucua wun
tha Cummins members on the choice of
a senator. The party there la split wide
open.
In Indiana tha governor, a Republican,
rwuca a special session or tne legists.
Hire 10 consider a local option law
Moat of the Republican politicians are
against that law, and a fight of bltter
ueas has developed. Also there. Is the
lukewarmness of tha Fairbanks roroes.
t car much whether or noi
of Their
Street JJillions Cannot
Overcome ""iMagust With
Do-Nothing Record.
In the
article
By John R. Lathrop.
Chicago, Sept. 10. "Hard
win; apathy la chief trouble."
These headlinea were printed
Chicago -Record-Herald over an
by Walter Wellman, who says:
"There is nothing to be gained by
trying to deceive ourselves by sticking
our heads In the sand and saying that
everything is all right"
Mr. Wellman la. a Republican news
paper correspondent of prominence; the
Record-Herald la a Republican paper of
distinction.
I have traveled 11 states this summer,
ana everywhere is seeming apathy. To
day they seem to care, little about the
I say "seem" not to care. As a mat
ter of fact, they do care, care much;
they are possessed of a spirit of unrest,
dissatisfaction witn existing conditions.
Judged by perfunctory standards brass
Dana paraaes, meetings wnereat tne
hitherto well-fooled voter yells his
throat raw there Is apathy. But any
one who can discern deeper than those
superficial signs can see that there Is
deep concern for the outcome of the
campaign.
When tne KepuDiican leaders call for
the people to "holler for the grand old
party, the response Is not flattering to
tne prospects or mat grand old party.
Wall Street Cola for O. O. P.
Careful inoufry Into the conditions at
both national headquarters shows that
the reported ahortage of funds at the
Republican committee's offices is un
true; that is; compared with the supply
at the Democratic headquarters, the Re
publicans have plenty.
ur course, mere isn i . iu,uuu,uuu in
"Of all the factions men we've seen.
Existing now or long since dead.
No one was ever known so mean,
As him we call a Copperhead,
A draft-evading Copperhead,
A rebel-aiding. Copperhead.
A .scowling, slandering, howling, pan-
! dering.
Vicious, states-rights Copperhead."
Between Copperhead and Badlcal.
If the Copperheads were hated, they
were not so dangerous to Lincoln polit
ioaUy as the "radicals' of his own
parly. He knew where to place the Cop
perheads, but it was hard for him to
ngm tne raaicais line remont, mad
Htevens, Bon Wade and others of that
Ilk who were opposed to him because he
wouiu not agree to tne confiscation of
all private property In the south. It
waa even more difficult for Lincoln to
meet the determined opposition of men
like Salmon P. Chase. William H. Sew
ard and Edwin M. Stanton, who held
mm in lu-conceaiea contempt. And It
was painful to Lincoln to see men like
Horace Gteeley and Charles Sumner
openly oppose nis renominatlon on the
ground that he could not possibly be
elected. .
The radical Republicans held a na
tional mass convention at Cleveland a
week in advance of the "Union" con
vention at Baltimore. John C. Fremont
was nominated for president and John
Cochrane for vice-president, and the
platform declared for the- confiscation
of all property in the confederate states.
There were comparatively few promi
nent leaders in the convention, but It
waa the purpose to Influence the Balti
more convention to take a radical stand.
Lincoln had -already been nominated. In
fact, because more than two-thirds of
the delegates t Baltimore had been in
structed. However, the leaders might
doubt Lincoln, the people believed in
.rtonseji adc.
Why Lincoln Chose Johnson.
Assured of his own renominatlon, Lin
etn aet about the task of getting a war
democrat ana a southerner ror his run
nlng mate. Andrew Johnson ,of Ten
nessee was nominated because Lincoln
personally conducted the campaign for
ins selection, tie wanted to gel the sup
port of the war Democrats and he
wanted - to have a southerner- on the
ucaet Dccause or its errect In Europe.
Lincoln held to the belief that secession
was unconstitutional and that the 11
states or tne conreaeracy were not lea-al
ly out of the union. If it had not been
for this belief at the beginning of the
war tne nortn would have taken Horace
Greeley's advice to "let the wayward
aiBinra uepari in peace.
The Baltimore convention held to Lin
toin s iiii-w. xnaaaeus Htevens was
mere xignung against every movement
. to Indorse the Lincoln policy of recon
struction, contending that the seceded
statea were actually and legally. out of
the union, and that when retaken they
should be treated as conquered territory
Stevens was defeated at every turn in
the Baltimore convention. But his op
position to Lincoln's policy and his ha
tred of Andrew Johnson was not ended.
One of Lincoln's Grimmest Jokes.
Nearly three months after he w-ts
nominated. Lincoln and his advisers
reached the conclusion that McClellan,
already agreed upon aa the Democratic i
nominee, would win the election. On I
August n ne wrote ana signed a paper,
which ha sealed and delivered to the
ecreisry or tne navy, uideon Welles,
BUILD ROAD TO
LEARN ITS COST
Texas Experiment for Pur
pose of Exposing Corpor
ation. Jugglers.
(Special Dispatch to Tb Journal.!
San Antonio, Texas, Sept. 10. A prac
tical experiment in railroad construc
tion and operation hns been undertaken
by the state of Texas. The state la
building a lino of railway from Pales
tine to the penitentiary, at Rusk. About
15 miles of the track has been com-
nlatari. and work on the remaining 1
miles is beina- rapidly pushed. The
state officials say they expect to learn
by actual construction and operation
the Immediate cost of railway building
and running, and that public inrorma
linn an ohtalned without lueglina book
keeping will be a basis of argument for
future railroad rates. The ract tnat
the state operates iron works at Rusk
gives a financial reason for this gov
ernment ownership of a railroad.
ENGLAND MAKES
, PRELATES WELCOME
(United Press Leaatd Wlra.t
London, Sept. 10. The cardinals and
other dignitaries of the church of Rome
In attendance at the Eucharistlc con-
fxess are being mads most welcome by
he officials and by the members of the
nobility. The opening or tne congress
yesterday was successful and it is
honed that the threats of disturbance
on the part of radical Protestants will
not be carried out. Utmost precautions
have been taken by the police to pre
vent any anti-clerical demonstration.
SHAH HOCKS JEWELS
TO RAISE WAR FUND
(Kneels! Dispatch tn Tbe Journal. I
8t Petersburg, Sept. 10. Dispatches
from Teheran announce that the Shah of
Persia has succeeded in placing a loan
of 60,000 with the Bank of Russia
with 'which he has deposited the- crown
lewels as security. The money Is to
be employed against the revolutionists.
the hands of the Republicans, as theru
was in 1896: but the campaign plans al
ready announced prove that the Repub
lican committee has vastly more money
than the democrats, and this condition
will be permanent until November.
Treasurer Miieidon or the itepuDiican
national committee Is a wail street
man; hla of flees are at No. 8 Wall
street: he Is a member of the director
ates of several Immense concerns. The
Wall street Interests have accepted
Judge. Tat as their choice of the two
candidates. When Wall street wants
anything of a political nature, Wall
street proceeds to attempt to buy it.
That's Wall street's conception of the
proper method whereby to get political
things.
Agreeable to this theory. Wall street
Is "pungllng up" its dollars, not with
the nVodle-alitv of the 1898 camnaien.
but.' cotnpared with the resources of the
Democrats. Wall street is giving liber
ally.
xnen there is tne coterie or highly
protected trusts; thoy are apxious that
the "friends of protection" revise the
tariff. And they are "coming through"
quite nicely. They were not enamored
of Judge Taft before the Chicago con
vention; but they are now seeking to re
establish the Republican party in power,
on the theory that that organization
permitted the tariff abuses (they, of
course, refer to them as benefits) to
grow to their existing magnitude, and
they have a better prospect of retain
ing an or a major part of those Dene
fits (abuses) If the dominant party re
tain the reins or government.
-BepqbUoaa Camps Divided.
Out of what seemed a prospect for
division of forces, the Democrats have
wrought a united organization, and that
same union is really what Is frightening
tne KepuDiican managers, uniy in a
few localities the Democrats are spilt
in many places the Republicans are torn
into tatters.
In New Tork the Republican organize
firm is against Hughes, against him
with force and argument The masses
are for him, and some of the politicians
who have not been persona grata at the
headquarters of the organization. No
seoret is made of this, and with the
Democracy of that state united, the
chances of New York going Republican
are conceded to be rather bright, and
this concession is by Republicans as
well as Democrats.
In Ohio the Taft-Foraker fued re
mains unsettled, and the Republican
situation is that if Taft really makes up
with Foraker the reformer element of
that state will knife him; if Taft con
tinues ito stand on the ground that
Foraker must be eliminated, the Foraker
people will savagely cut the Republican
candidate.
In Illinois the Deneen and Tates
forces fought a primary campaign
marked with such bitterness as seldom
has been witnessed. That bitterness
remains, now that Deneen has bean
nominated for governor. Illinois Demo
crats are enthusiastically united, in both
state and national campaigns.
In Minnesota the Republicans have
not got over the acrid differences which
twice electedJohn A. Johnson as the
ected
T i.,.. 1 ' Li Wisconsin Senator Stephenson
JjltCS 811 1 fought the. divided La Kollett forces
ana won a primary nomination ror re
election, two oandldates opposed mm
each clnlmlnr La Folletta's auoDort.
In Kansas Henator Long waa defeated
by llrlstow in a contest which wrought
tha Republican nartv there Into a state
of unheaval, and, to cap the climax, tho
Kepubllcan state convention tndoraea
the guarantee of bank deposits a stag
gering body blow at the national ticket
of Taft and Sherman and objected to by
tne nepupucan leaders most vigorously.
"We had to. If we honed to be Iri the
NQVflmhAr rann at all." wna tha Kanaafl
fight to Republicans' answer to the strictures
against them by the Republican leaders.
Bryanlo Kcpnblioans to Blame.
It. -la a confessed fart that National
Chairman llltchcock has dona nothing
so far but attempt to settle these quar
rels. He has traveled from state- to
state, sought to harmonise differences
and has failed In practically all Instances.
It Is recognised that the underlying
cause for these quarrels Is not the
usual political Jealousies It Is the
spirit of unrest and dissatisfaction at
the do-nothing record of the Republican
majority which has entered on a cam
paign of explanation, always a weak po
sition upon which to be forced.
The progressive Republicans are
watching to see whether or not Judge
Taft is sufficiently progressive, and the
reactionaries are waiting to learn
whether or not he will be ' safe" which
In their vernacular means deaf to tha
entreaties of the people for relief.
The celerity with which the Wall
street Interests came to the assistance
of the national Republican committee
gave the progressives pauae. They
realize that the march must be forward,
not backward., And they seem to be de
termined not to be caught by any
party catchword this year.
In the language of the street. It's "the
goods this time' wnicn tnose progres
sive Republicans are demanding, and
their seeming apathy In not rushing to
tne can ror Drass Dana paraaing ana
ear-splitting campaign yelling is really
their attitude of waiting to see which
way the cat will Jump toward the for
ward march or the retreat.
But the Democrats will have enough
money to mine a legitimate campaign
and they have not had more In past
years. People of healthy conceptions
here at the political headquarters are
frlad less money Is to be used this year:
t augurs well for the purification of
American politics, so most of them say.
fates to tha legislature to Insist that
lie niembera comply with the wlahes of
tha Demorratlo majority In thla. Im
portant matter. i
Horn of tha anti-Prohibition leaders
are said to favor submitting the ques
tion to a vote'Af the people, because
In the-recent election lU.Osrt voted for
prohibition submission, 1st, 000 voted
against It ' and 17.000. refrained from
voting. Prohibition submission there
for won by about 1,000 votes, and It
claimed that the Republicans are antl-
Brohlliltlonlats and will vol with the
emocrallo mlnnajty of IJl.OOO, and
thus defeat tha measure In tha general
election.
. World's Scenic Route.
Tha cento wonders of tha Canadian
Paclflo rout ar bevoad daanriptton.
Thla Is tha verdict of the traveling put.
lie. Purohaaa ynor tickets via tn
'World s flcnnic Rout.". Th roa4 that
has mora to offer than all other roads
combined. ,
----- i a . . ..i i-
Will Build $40,000 Brick.
The United States, Laundry have a!
most completed plans for their $40,000
orit-K building, which is to be located at
the corner of Grand avenue and East
Yamhill. J. Dannells. the manager of
tne company, states that the building
win oe modern in every respect and will
be one of the finest laundry buildings
in the northwest. Kvery appliance or
method known In Laundry work will
he used In order to make the institution
first class In every respect.
BUTTERFLIES PUT
CITY IN DARKNESS
(Soeclul IHgnatrh tn Tha Jnnrnal t
Florence. Sept. 10 A think clnu'd of
butterflies composed of millions of these
insects, has passed over this city. They
ten in sucn a mass tnat the sun was
hidden and It became necessary to light
the street lamps, which failed to give
light, since they were surrounded im
mediately by thick masses of th rroftt-
ures, making futile all efforts to get rid
of them. One result of the darkness
wn me collision or streetcars, which,
luriunareiy, resulted in no serious In
uries, because of their being forced
by the condition to move slowly. Fin
ally, after remaining four hours, the
uvuu ti i n t. in. rnHA aa nv n n mnt nn
and abandoned Florence, to the great
cue mo iiuiHuitanis. a lew mln
uteS later the cloud rilrsctaH itaoie n
ards the south and disappeared at the
TEXAS LIQUOR FIGHT
UP TO LEGISLATURE
(Special Dispatch t Tba Journal.)
San Antonio, Texas, Sept. 10. Plans
are being matured by both the Prohl
bltion and anti-Prohibition forces In
Texas that promise a most determined
struggle at the next session of the leg
islature, as a result or t he Democrat c
primary election, held July 25. a plank
calling for the submission of state-wide
prohibition to the voters of this state
was put into tile Democratic platform
by the Democratic state convention held
in mis city August 11.
This SUDmiss on of nroh h tlon to a
vote can only be secured by a Joint
resolution passed bv both hrnnche. nf
tne legislature calling for an amend
ment to the state constitution. Thla
amendment will have to have a two
thirds majority In both houses, and It
is sain tnat a majority of the state sen.
ate Is Opposed to such a resnlntlnn
Current report says the Prohibition or
ganisation win send a thousand dele
irUan. .w ll not be r-electad
wWHIJ!JT .to co-operat
"KfTPi Hie election. This paper read:
inia morn nc, as ior some navi naat
t seems exceedingly probable that this
mtuivr-
h ii i, r
with the cresldent-el
the union between the elect
auguration. as he will, have secured his
election on sucn grounaa that he can
not possibly save It afterward."
KoCTUIlaa'a ratal Blonder.
Six daya later, on August 21, the
Democratic Natloaal convention met at
cnicago. it nominated ueneral Mc
Clellan for president and Oeorge H.
Pendleton of Ohio for vice-president.
Then It made the fatal mist lea, the
blunder that Republicans 'say they al
ways expert from the Democrats, of
adopting a platform. That platform de-'
rlared the war to be a failure. Almot
at the same time cam the news that
Atlanta bad fallen and of t'nlon vic
tories la Virginia. General McClellan
hastened to repudiate that portion of
the platform, bat it was in vain. Tha
Confederacy was crumbling to Its fall
and the popl turned to'Llncola.
Still the campaign waxed hot The
- October lectlnns In Pennsylvania
hewed great Democratic gains and the
administration was alarmed. Llnco'.n
rot Generals Mead and Sheridan each
te furlough Pennsylvania oldir
to go horn to vota. H carried tha
tat en th hnm vote by only a few
vw ,M. and including the aoldw
In th fleid. by only 19 H. Nw
Tor h rarrir-d by only .f'Oa. Tam-
-.tcany Hail supported McCleUaa aoJ
W ?0t to L
VJ t a"" Nil
L-r- ftV QUfc. fllCiU- W -
WW ---" Wlla mi - -
M -AC WW
m BVaT
7 "few . ' VrU
1. o
MOVING
This company is pleased to announce that it has leased
the splendid quarters at the corner of Fourth and Oak
streets in the new Board of Trade building. We are
moving today and will be glad to meet our friends in
the new rooms. Our former location, temporary only,
, was 204 Rothchild building.
TTv ERMIT us to suggest that the man or woman
JJ who is seeking an ideal home and a life income,
approximating $5,000 per year, will find their
goal in the ROSEBURG HOME ORCHARD
TRACTS, which will be fully described in the adver
tisement of this company in the Portland Sunday pa
pers. You have little conception of the ease with which
it is obtainable.
. C. HARDING LAND CO.
INCORPORATED
80 Fourth St., Board of Trade Bldg.
(J"m 't CopyrtgM J. P. Porter, "t1
Srm ' ALIVE" T
In its sparkle and tang as well as in its vivi
fying medicinal effects Table Rock Mineral
Water is without an equal. There is no other
quite as good. Try it next time, and judge.
THIS SPARKLING WAT K R IS THE FAVORITE TABLE
DRINK . AT LEADING HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS
Bottled at the Springs by TABLE
ington. Portland Agency,
ROrK MINERAL WATER CO.. Table Rock. Waah.
605 Chamber- of Commerce.
j SCHOOL CILDREM L
TOMORROW, (Friday) Sept. 11th, between the hours of 9.00 A. M. and 5.00 P. M every
school boy or girl presenting this advertisement at our
Juvenile Section
Will be presented with a Handy School Outfit consisting of Two Eagle Pencils. Two Pen
Holders and One Twelve Inch Ruler, nicely finished and polished. . No purchase is necessary.
So clip out this advertisement right away and come to us tomorrow. ,
Comer
Wash'gtn
and Tenth
Streets
1 MTraMffllTIff
lLsiTllJ 11 MUI yy ill!
rVTa DA ..Tt---
mm.