THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 22, 1908
CHEER FOR
It II I e.l u i ' I I 1 11 in: III it r I . I i I
then .-nil f,.? i ..ill rilmi i.e."
un. l.-rM in! Iiik Unit the ..ill
know II. i.uiifB ..r ih. ...miii. hi ii
III H I trr I In- I ! r- II I . .'I- .1
A Challenge to the Tut Tryt.
'I" he Republican pint form
I In- III I I I i' M Intend. .1 I ..I" II.
mil mi I i it .1 1 .-rs ii'H).'I'n Slid
nn1 espe. In 1 1 v f . i Hi.' w a e
tin. fiiiin. 1 ,hi. 1)11 wr
I icl I. .' p. t l.'I.M I !.!
.Inn. will tie-
II...:.
x I ll
H.I S I h H I
ir
ii re
h.'tl
III..
H;..
I.
Ii. i
l !
I I .
DEMOCRACY
:,!..!
1 th.
in i
Is h
1 1 11.. 1
.. 1 ,
.int.
1.
! n
wliv
h ll w
il.ll. nn .
publish
I .Ih .In.
lain
1 I '
K. p. .1.11.
1 .
, I..
t I .
I he
the
!,. ll.r mam
111- W II .' .Mill
1 in I r 1 1 1. 1 1 I ' ' n H
lM:v is U t'
.. f.i
-. .Ctrl'.
, ml i.
I llM '
,.r :.'
, i.N.i.
I n . In:.
T I.
.it 11. 1
rt.
p.
.1
1 .
I.
t In-
I 1 rii I
I IP
.. I
1 1-11. II. as the K.-
il:i. ! 1 . iaim.ts u. 1 the bthnrois eti-
so L.re- .1 'i.i..ut!. 11 in lh b.-ne-
f!s ..f tin- sst.n' I.-. II a slgnlfl
cant f 1. I tl ii Ilir toiint r-. mill xvti'n
en rn.'rs u ho are always pui In tha
f. .1 rr 1 1 ml w li. ii (lit- 1.1 ess I n kh of a hla-Ip
tariff nr.- being enumerated are In the
h NO
!.. run
I PI k H UN
(Continued fr.
Pa.
)'
111 u
I he Hill xi 111
lis.- rl in Inn 1 1 i
k iln.-i Anierl. .
markets h ni il
ri
tlons flxt.1 In
to ba a viili.ii Ik i" I'"
by foreign . hi. un !
v smods rut-ring their
i minimum to rcpre.-).ti l t h norma
! Ure of protection :il home; ser .
' out excessive rlmies. that
against foICigil . nil. prill I. m: t..
American iii.i 1.11 fa. -i 'T. rs. t u n..
s,-!,.. . , ;, i - ..ntllb-d. Iltlt HIS-. I.
Lin the 'l.icli standard of Ih ins
wafe-em mi s "f ,n'" countiy. v Im
the most direct beneficiaries ..f the
tecttvc system.
niA(.n the T'nlte.1 .tales anfl
T)iiiir i.Iiioji we believe In a free
change of products, with suol
tioiiK us to miliar anl tobacco
afford adequate protection
Interest.
0. O. P. Beared, Tot Evasive. ,
' r Secretary Taft refers to this subject
briefly In his notification speech only
briefly bus as I (ihall (junto ouch pus- I
pages frden bjs speech as aie. pertinent
to thin discussion, It is not necessary
to read his remarks In full.
It will be noticed thnt the Republican
party lias abandoned the earlier argu-t
tnents advanced In Support of a high
tariff. We hear no more of the "Infant i
Industries," that must be tenderly rnied!
for "until they can stand upon their?
feet"; there is. no susgestlnn that thej
"foreiKner pay the tariff." and noth- ,
Ing about the "home market." These
catch phrases have had their
are worn out and cast aside
publican lea.J.-rs are no longer arrogant
and Insolent1; they cannot Inneer defy
tariff reform. Their plan now Is to
seem to yield without really yielding.
I submit that the Pemocrn tic pint
form accurately described the Repub
lican position when 1t refers to the
belated promise" made by the Repub
lican leaders as "a tnrdy recognition cf
the rlghteousnei-s of the 1 icmocrallc po
sition mi this question." The Demo
cratic party In Its platforms ami
through its representatives In congress
1.1 iht-ir einpor ontv such
triltjo eonilll lollM i oinln'l l.-d.
TsrllTs ReltUon to Win.
I'll- I limn st. .i.i mi Ike o.-i urre.l after
.. (. puldi an . "in i-nllon ot but
i. Un- Kepubll an can. II. Int.- wrot
I. lt.r ot' a. .'rplrttire. He ...ul.l li"t
i. :i.e Mrlke, lnr It pivi-ent.-d ui
t 1. ssi. n which oven a lilnh t.iritt
I I . 1 1 . - ii 1 1 could not fall to see So
1 1 a 1 1 : -. .1 1, the tandldate,
i.. i' .. siiike. sal. I:
1 i-Ki-t that all emplovers
,i t not Just und considerate
. n li.il s. un. 'I lines lakes ton
m.'iii. .f the pr.tilh!"
"In" laie a shftrt of the
es, i,i..i. I turn that. Tin
iiim ti :i t'.i. t n ret h ha- secure!
ic-i's a I ni 1 1 1 of more thai
j.e 1 1 t n i ii k paid to K.irkim i
Ih.- net pi. .Ills ..f the st.-r
S.lil were Just about e.jual t
amount paid in wikcs, an. I
mistitute.1 less than J.'i cr
total value of the i.ro-iuot
rel'rl'l It
in.. I tl.al
larne a
sre many Hecretnry Taft, In his notlfl-
flon speech, says that ah excessive.
, Iff server no useful purpose "Put
I offers a temptation lo thosa who would
nuuiopojlie th produi llon and the sale
..r suth artlcirs in this country, to
profit by th excessive rste."
1 Ni suppose the manufacturers, whn
luiw been favored by legislation, do
. ..i spire ajfaliiNl the public and enter
onop.ily What penalty do the
ll I
I. 1
imu
I" I his statement. , a. h
employed by til. steel
.ii an average, not on
pst.1 to him. but liiO
iaiildes for his employ
pi .
I'l'
li. I u I
In un.."
Ii ust ! il
II ll li .
III.' waK'-s
.-,,( ,. the
.-.-..r.liiiif
woikliiK man
trust e.-irn.-.l.
tin. nun .un'.
per cent profit
r. And, I n. ay
It
I
I" --P-P
.! I.
p. .1-11
w 1 1 1
belief
Ii
rem.
Plalf.
I .Ml
fut l'
a v
men s-
wldi
-clil ll
hi. h
-s .in.l
ins in-
of the
the
inter-
llinlta-
n will
domestic
the collections are
not significant that
who furnish I he
ad ertlsed as hene-
l-n.-kfi round w lien
'brinjf made? Is it
the manufacturers
f inds (in- s.. little
fl . l irbs" Is It nm slKiiin.ant also
llitl ll.e wsu'e earners. Insletid of the
in i mi f act u r-rs, are hIwavh described as
the most dlret-t beneficiaries of the
jtrot n-: I e system?"
Shall Satan Btbuka Bin?
Hut let us suppose, for the sake of
niKiment. that the Republican party
sincerely repents of Its delay in begin
ning tnrlff reform, repudiates Its obli
gations to the contributing manufHC
turrrb and honestly begins a "revision."
What rule Is to govern the revision?
The Republican platform says:
"In all tariff legislation, the true
principle of protection Is best main
tained by the Imposition of such duties
as will equal the difference between
the cost of production at home and
abroad, together with a reasonable
profit to American Industries."
Mr. Taft Indorses this rule and says
tiiai in a numner or scneeiiiles the tar-
Iff now exceeds this difference and
jthat the excess offers n temptation lo
'those who would monopolize the pro
jductlon and sale of such articles In this
i country '' He adds, however, that "there
nre some few articles on which the
lay they I tariff Is not sufflclentlv high to give
The Re- ; them the measure of protection they
should receive. -
1 Will he explain upon what rule the
present tariff was framed? When hsvo'
'the Repuhllcans claimed more protec
tion than enough to cover the differ- 1
ence In the cost of production here and
abroad? Tho "rensonnble profit to
American industries" is an addition to
. the rule, and Is likely to be used as an
excuse for raising the tariff. And. by
ithe wbv, to what other business does
the eovernment ffunrnntee n "ppisnn.
tl
.,,,p,
sleL-1
ame iiront : in ine termer or tne mer
lins for years pointed out that the 'chant or the laborer' To none of these.
tariff schedules are excessively high If In revising the tariff the Republican
and ought to be reduced, but the He- party la to work upon exactly the same
publicans have, until recently, refused Plan (or a plan contemplating a higher
to admit that there was any necessity rnte, what hope have we that the new
for reduction. They now confess, tariff will he lower than the present
through their platform and through I one? Are the present leaders more
their presidential candidate, that the honest than the ones who framed the
need for revision Is so great as to jusil- existing tariff? Are they not. In fact,
fv the partv in declaring "unerjulvnca 11 v ! t he same men who nre responsible for
for a revision of the tariff and thel,nr,fr extortion during the last decade?
need is so urgent that the work is to be! new-norn zeal for revision were
Undertaken at "a special session of con-
I
a. hi. while these b. net'l. lai b-S ..f pro
tivtlun have been pretending to make
the tariff laws for the direct benefit
of the employes, these sunn' employes
have, as a I ule, been kept cl
hunnr line, while ihhiiv of It
ers have hr.n.inrt the l iss s s. rs of I I
"swollen f.ii tunes" ui.t.-h n-.w n.en:i' ..
the nation's morals as wril as Its bust
ro-ss.
And vet the Republican party was
not willing thnt a slnnle It.'iu on f':i
steel schedule should bo touched, and
the Republican rainpalun c-in ml M . 1
will not rtnre to publish, before t be i
election, the contributions that hive
been made or will be mado to the Re
publican campaign fund by the m
must largely interested In tho
trust
Confession of a Trust Magnate.
Iet me show you how the tariff
operates. I have hrrre a statement
made bv H K. Miles, chairman of the
tnrlff committee of the National Asso
ciation of .Manufacturers and head 'if
the agricultural implement trust. The
statement appears in the Amert. an In
dustries of November 1 5. 1 907. a puper
i which Is now supporting the Republi
can ticket and making a special flgh
'against the labor plank of the Demo
cratic platform. Here Is what Mr.
Miles says:
"I have mads monev every year out
of the tariff graft. Not much, but still
a little.
! "The tariff barons raised their price
fr.0.000 to me. I made a charge against
1 the Jobber of $60.nn0 and I know that
ho charged more than $70.0i1u for the
1 $fio,000 he paid me. Before reaching
the consumer the $50,000 charge be
came about J100.000 to be paid by the
agricultural consumer.
"The manufacturer who would pros
per must make a double profit one ny
the shrewd management of his business
and another by still shrewder manipu
lation in Washington.
"We have no great difficulty In shop
ping abroad for we could get as high
prices as at home. We are so held up.
however, bv our supply people that to
most of us there Is very scant profit
In foreign business.
"When congress gave in 4G per cent,
we needing onlv L'5 p.-r cent, they gave
us a congressional permit. If not an
invitation, to consolidate, form one
great trust and advance our prices 25
tne imiereiice net ween
. :.t
lis ei
the
hu-
hi
I '
hnus.
to e
lll
pub
lex
n ukk'I ? None whatever
men are to lie consulted about
.-.I changes, and If the next Re
in tariff la made like former Re
in tariffs, nothing will be done
.' the unanimous consent of the
'larl.'s
i wuuM be the effect of the
i proposed by the Democratic
in Simply this: A law goes
tr.-.t :rf some fixed dalo 111 the
.ii If the Democrats pass
putting upon the free list articles
mk 'tit., competition with those con--.
b) a trust, the trust will have
I that il.ito to dissolve. If the, trust
i b is ibe law too drastic. It can i
I M h ,-hiiig up Its monopoly. i
Klddmao of Trusts ! Meant.
ii'.iuv Taft calls this remedy "ut-
b st ructl ve" and in his anxiety to
-til it oeilooks the fuot Ihut tho
ocratle party has other remeXllos
the Irusts, and In preventing the
ul.iilon of in-w ones, there will
.. ti iMs nutilnst which to use tin
1 of whirl! he complains. There
u a l.in ijialnst trusts, hut it has
h. --it suffl. b nth- enforced to pre-
tinsis I he Democrats demand
r.fi'ii'. men I ; if Its enforc.-m-.yit rids
- -. - u 1 1 1 r of trusts, then this polh-y
i Mi Taft so much fears will
mo perfectly harmless. If the
.'.rats s.-.uie control of both the
.- and the senate, they are pledged
It-1 sin I ion which will iiieke a
monopoly' Impossible. If the
cms retain control of purt of the
Kislatlve machinery of te govern
ment a, ud refuse to Join in Nie effort
to make a private monopoly Impossible,
they are not In a position to complain
of tariff legislation aimed at trusts. If
they refuse to usslst us In exterminat
ing the principle of private monopoly,
they cannot well object to legislation
n. .-ssar to protect the people from
trust extortion.
The Ooloasol Timber draft.
Mr. Taft did not refer to the platform
demand thnt wood pulp, print paper,
lumber, timber and logs be placed upon
the ir.-e list. Why? Hecause the presi
dent vainly besought congress to enact
I a law embodying part of this demand,
i It Is absurd to complain of the exhaust
I ion of our forests while we encourage j
their destruction by a tariff on the.
' products of foreign forests. Hut such
legislation becomes not only a folly but
u crime when it Is remembered that a
handful of men monopolize the benefits!
flowing from the tariff on these things, j
while the whole country bears the bur-
! d.-n of the tax. Hon. R. F. Pottlgrew.
1 of South Dakota, In a speech made In ;
1 the I nited States senate, referred to an'
i important statement, which appeared In
; The North-Western I.umbermun, Feb-
'. i uary 27. 1S97. Senator Burrows of
.Michigan had referred to a Mr. Win-I
prl-He-
Is intended to rulse a revenue or in
framed In the Interest of the miinufac-liin-ra
and for tho purpose of protec
tion. No one would think of employing
In a city, h county or a stute, a tux
system under which the bulk of the Imx
would ki to the collectors, and yet the
Republican lenders ibenand the cotilln
u.ini ii of a s-isteni under which the pro
le. led Intel estg receive far more than
half ibe money collected from the pen
pi.- through the operation of a blub
tariff
Paying Industries Support Monpnylng.
As a tariff law interferes with the
natural laws of trad, one who propos.-u
a prolectlvo tariff takes upon himself
ibe harden of proof to show, first, that
a protective tnrlff Is right in principle,
serum!, that It is wise as a public pol
icy, und, third, that It la necessary.
And, jrt, what protectionist attempt
to present an argument In support of
any one of these propositions
Is It ilKht to tax all of the people for
tho benefit of a f ew T Where a com
munity line attempted to collect taxes
for the nld of an Industry, even when
the Industry was to be locuted In the ;
community, the highest court In the
land has declared such a tax to be lar
ceny lu the form of law. If a olty
government can imO; rightfully tax all
the people to bring an industry into the
city, where such benefits as are con
ferred are more easily seen and more
universally enjoyed, who will say that
a firmer In the Missouri valley call be
rightfully taxed to support an Industry
in a distant state
As a matter of public policy Is It
wise that the industries that do pay
should be compellod to carry upon their
backs industries which, according to Iho
arguments made by their repre
sentatives, could not live without
aid? Have we not Peen this sys
tem Introducing corruption Into poll
tics, and Is It not building business upon
an unsubstantial basis? Having secured
a turlff from one party, the beneficiar
ies loudly declare that the country will
bo ruined if any other party obtains
control or the government.
The Employment Bribe.
"Manufacturers have Intimidated their
employes and threatened them with a
reduction in wages unless a party fa
vorable to the system was continued In
power. This is an old device, and there
are Indications that It Is being resorted
to again. The New York leather Belt
ing company lias sent out a number of
letter lo companies with which it ha
business dealings, asking them to post
In their factories a notice saying:
"Relieving that the election of Taft
and Sherman means a safe and conserv
ative administration, the day following
the election we shall start this plant
on full time, and keep going.
Here Is a direct attempt to Influence
the election by a brlbo. It Is virtually
a promise of wages if the Republican
ticket is successful and an Implied
threat in case of Democratic success;
but the offer Is so made that It gives
tlo i employes no guaranty of its fulfill
ment. The same kind of promises were
mid.' in 1 K ! i , and yet for six months
aft. r the . le. tion times were worse than
lliev H.ie before. There were business
solely because of protection, but our
wane earners now knew that this can
not be due to protection, because the
l.iiKllvh workman recelvea higher wages
limn the Herman workman, nlthough
the Oerman tariff is higher than the
im iff of (Ireat Hrllaln.
i Protection linen not make good wnses
our better wages are due to the grRtr
j intelligence and skill of our workmen,
to the greater hope which free Institu
tions give them, to Improved machinery,
to tho better conditions that surround
th.-m, and to the organisations which
lone be.-n formed among tho wage
earners.
Mo Panlo In Ktyenne Tariff.
A revenue tariff will not bring a
pun!. . II will not inaugurate luduatrltt
depression; It will not reduce wage; on
the louirary, It will stimulate business
and ah" more employment, and a larg
er demand for labor will lie a guaranty
attains! the reduction of wage A re-.iii-ilon
of the tariff will reduce the
extortion that la now practiced because
of the high schedules, a reduction In
price will enable more neonle lo buv,
and this larger demand for the gools
will put more people to work and In
crease the number of Industrie. A
lower price will greatly stimulate ex
portation, and manufacturer who are
now rrtppled by t tariff upon whs!
they use will tie better prepared to
enter the contest for supremacy In the
world's trade.
We rsnnut hope to Invade foreign
markets lo the extent we should, until
we relieve our manufacturer of ' the
handicap that protection planes ilium
them In the purohaae of materials thee
have to uae Neither can we hope tu
continually Increase our exports with
out increasing our Import. Trade
must be mutual If It I to be perma
nent. President McKlnley reognlied
this, slid lu the laat speech Hint he
made he pointed out that we must hue
from other nation If we expert lo aril (
to other nation
Wo Cessation of Prosperity.
The Democratic plan does not con
template an Immediate change from
one system to the other; it expressly
declares that the change hall he gradu
al, and a gradual change Is only pos
sible where -the country Is satisfied
with the result of each tep taken.
(Continued on Tage Three )
failures and bankruptcies, and many in-
chester as a man of great reliabll It y I t,,',i., .', ...i, ,,.! ,, 7 a .ho, down
ress Immediately following the Innu
guration of the next president." The
use of the word "unequivocally" indi
cates that those who wrote the plat
form recognize that they are under sus
picion. They want to distinguish this
promise- from the unkept. promises of
the past by adding as emphatic an ad
1eclve as could be found In the dic
tionary. If former Republican promises
had been conscientiously fulfilled. It j
might not have been necessary to thus i
strengthen the promise made this year.;
The use of the words "Immediately !
-fferrthe inauguration" Is PTtrhpnce that r
the Republican lenders are conscious
thar the patience of the public has been
strained to the point of breaking, and
H Is. almost pathetic to note the solici
tude which they ni.- feel about doing
a thing which, buf for wilful neglect
might have been done at any time dur
ing the lust ten years.
Tie Tariffs Appeal to Cupidity.
.re we not justified in snvlmz that
i-i. t rent nelnir
inn hundred ttmps greater than his no-' the 20 per cent needed and the b per
iiiiraiion si.eecn indicates, ffti.it cnance 1 rent c-lven.
would the Republican candidate have of
securing any real tariff reform at the
hands of such Republicans os now rep
resent that party In the senate and
house, the very men who represented It
In the recpnt national convention''
Speaker Cannon who has suppressed
tnrlff legislation In the present con
gress, Jm a dominating factor In the
convention and. If the Repuhllcans re
tain control of the house, will be the
speaker of the next enntrress. Does his
prominence afford tariff reformers any
assurance of n reduction of the tariff
in the interest of the consumers? In
case of a Republican victory. Congress
man Sherman will become the presiding
officer of the senate. Hp nas been the
confidential companion of Speaker Can- i
non and in the convention It was Speak
er Cannon who vouched for him Hut
as a matter of fact. Mr. Sherman's :
standpatism needed no Indorsement- his
record Is a guaranty thnt no henef lei .v
or special privileges
Mr Miles shows how the tnrirr
raises prices to those who, in manu
facturing, have to buy other manu
factured products. This expense Is
transferred to the next purchaser. Th
Jobber charges a profit on the tariff
as well as on the cost, of the article,
and each person who handles the
product colle.-ts a profit, so that, ac
cording to .vtr. -vines, me tusi ihiiis'j
of $50,0oii becomes Jluo.iuiu by
lime it readies tne consumer.
and truthfulness, ami Senator Fettigrew
quoted Mr. Winchester as saying in the
Nort h- Western Dumber man :
"There were a lot of gentlemen from
J the northwest, up Minnesota way, in
j Washington the other day, and they
! weru silling in Senator Burrows' room.
An Interesting Incident occurred there.
I Senator Burrows is chairman of the
i committee. The committee had not had 1
a meeting for a long time. They hap- I
pened to be seated In that room, and
one of the gentlemen from Minnesota
had an envelope ajid load pencil He
walked nrnunil the room and ciphered
i up a little bit, and he said:
I " 'Mr. Burrows, do you know what $1
a thousand would mean to this crowd of
t10 I men uere ;
j ni'iu were noi as many in tne room
the toial loss to the people at $500,-' " "An advance of J! a thousand on
OonOliO annually. The statement of ! lumber would mean $6,125,000 on last
A.tr TUIleu u ho shows t int the tarirr i looun.n
It-ill Ua ,4 I .. -K.l
,.,! prujjit- ran uoi saieiy entrust the i it w as i ougressmnn Sherman who in
execution of this important work to :i j n speech in the house on the th of
party which Is so deeply obligated to the , last April boastfully declared "We re -highly
protected Interests as is the Ke- oKnlze the fact that wo have' a Renub
publlcan parry ?' The "fat frying" pro-' llcan mnlorltv In this house tin! iu
has become familiar to the Amer- i readv to resort to ovne-e usi ...
people. Pressure has been brought proper constitutional rlsht to' ennet
upon the protected Interests such legislation no tf t
nery four years and to a less extent ; best interest for the trrontp;! Iiiimlior of
..ui neopii.. nna wn oh w n r,o
cess
lean
to bear
in the congressional campaign between
presidential elections to compel con
tributions to the campaign fund In re
turn for former favors and in anticipa
tion of favors Vet to come. It Is diffi
cult to overestimate the corrupting In
fluences Introduced into the political
life of the nation bv this partnership
between the government and the favored
industries. The literature circulated In
support of a protective tariff has stu
diously cultivated the idea that suf
frage should be employed to secure pe
cuniary returns, and the appeal made
by Hie Republican leaders has come to
be more and more a selfish one Kverv
man i ngage.l In a protected industry i
has be.-n approached with the proposi- !
tion mat it Is dollars in his pocket to I
maintain the system, whil those who'
could not possibly trace any tangible '
benefits to 1 liernsehes have been be
guiled with the assurance that it was'
all a matter of public spirit.' and that
they oukIiI to support the system out I
of patriotic p.ve of country If atten- j
tion was called to the fict that the
larrner was taxed for the benefit of the
manufacturer, the triple answer was
that it would come ba k to him indi
rectly; that it did not amount to much
for ea-'h fairnc;- anyhow; and that i
man was small minded who would bc-
frudge so insignificant a cont ril.ut ion
o the nations prosperity. The plan
has bi n to k-cp In- taxpayers uuiet
bv keepinc them in the dark as to the
operation of tne law. and then tu con
centrate th- votes und Influence of the
taxeatrrs In fiver of a continuation of
high tariff 1-irisla i '.-n If a tariff of
B0 per .nit as Imposed ur.cn a u . r
andise. U w iium-.
' .! : -i the- r.r'..1iii tion of
-1
ready to accept full re:nnnslblHt v
ill those measures which are intro
. duced here and which are not en.-., t.-d
;lnto law."
False to Blaine and McKlnley.
. 1 he Republican platform silage
that there should he a maximum i n
1 and a minimum, the maximum to
i usea in retaliation und the minim i..
! 1,1 ordinary cases. Tills Is merely iid.i
I ing delusion to procrastination and uu
i certainty. We hne prominent Itei.nb
! lican authority, Senator DoUlver ;,n,l
i Senator Manna, In prove i h,i I in the
j present law tiie rat. s were knowiiiKlv
I made higher than n sum v with the
understanding that reductions won;. I
made to secure foreign trade. Mr
said In the Senate on January
Is true that in tho t.'M
I diiKley i reported from
on ways an, I means ...
be
I lolllver
13. 1903:
which he (Mr.
the committee
It
(lid put duties
pose of having
Mr. Dolllver
up for the express
th.m traded down."
insisted that the
pur
Iprr.cltV I'l'ol ision i. ll... lile.-l
'wis as distinctly a par; of the'tari
policy as the coal sol.. ..luie and cm,
piameu that "u,.i; one line of the wh
dnm of .lam- i; Biain- remain-d .
' (he statute books,'' a nd t! It lint a t.
, had been tnk-n to fulfill the purp,,.
of the last Buffalo address of pr-s
dent McKlnley." And yet the erv n.e
wno present this n.-w p'an prevent
the e-irr!iig out of the old j . : . i n
"Interests" Write Tariff Laws.
t he
artic).- of
tha t t hos.- . I ec to d
the article wi.ild 'Oiitrlbu
to keep up t r . :.,r-f.. It w.
Slimed thai the .-rijCvrs w
with tl'ir mpV.v. - f . keep fr.
Ing their w int, rr, ,-.., an,,
pected !hn- 'he f. is-.i.. sS u,.n
town w'ni Id a 1 so . . , : r f
cause of tl:.- b-i.-ii. s
community l" the pi te, nd
Thr.e w ho are a-vi ialnte.1
tsr:ff fi'trht know- in what an e
pecuniary areu rr.f n t has beer, u
rece-i! Republican platform 's
rail to ev rv henef j. la rv of spe
li-cr to enlist aealn under the
re , i arr
i nd
l!be,
as..
u n s i.-
The sc!
who have
I'-iriU-ns i
ri.im. rous
hi. h . ii
ernes resorted
grown rl. h b
poii ihe count
;l;n r.n i-1 ','
. bv tu
ia ing
11 1
riff me,
1:1.
! v
t :
1 1.
b.
tan! '
"It to 1
Indus!
.1 T
-i -
not -In
a ma:!,
ir the r.
le.lllv dl.
Of the
te. t ion. Tl
he the gu.-.i
and vet I
nto the law
tie guprdia
:- strange
pi .
:i In
r of ,
I'.lr-s
w n ! . .
it. .res:
i s t -
. 1 . ii I) s
law is un Invitation lo conso.l.iate. ana
that having been given the tariff on
i tho theory that it is needed, the manu
facturers naturally assume that It is)
intended that they shall take advantage
of It. even If they have to Combine
to do so.
How will Mr. Tnft explain to the
average man the benefits of protection?
He cap easily convince a trust thai
It profits by the tariff, but what about
the victim of the trust?
"Beform by Its Friends."
No Republican leader will now deny
that reductions ought to he made, but
whn is to make tne reductions'' The
onlv answer given by the Republicans ,
Is that the tariff ought to be reformed
bv its friends that is. that those who
made the Inst tariff law should be en- !
trusted w ith the making of a new ,
tariff law But suppose the people .
adopt the Republican idea and entrust j
tho making of the tariff law to Re- I
publl. a-n congressmen: w hat will be the
method of procedure? Fortunately for'
ih. voter. Mi Miles explains this also. I
In the April. 19ns, number of American
Industries Mr, Miles says: "1 tie peo
ple instruct and trust congress tn grant
Just, eii'iitiible and ample protection."
The Trusts' O. X. on Everything.
Is not that just what the RepuhM
r in leaders claim to favor? They want
von to "instruct and trust congress .o
grant 1nst. equitable and ample pro
tection.'" And what does that mean?
Mr. Mi'es says that congress "trusts
the ff.ivs and means committee." And
a Rep-ib!leiin leader will tell you that
this is also proper. Then what? Mr.
.Miles snvii that "this committee trusts
such peisons ns Mr. Dalzell," and that
' ;!.. they trust the trusts."
The iii-lhod of procedure Is simple.
of confidence. Ihe oters
liiden e in Republican lenders;
.is have confidence in a R--
. ..ngress; a Republican cnu
s confidence in the ways und
.iiimitt.-e. the ways and moans
has confidence in the m.-ii
..sent the trusts, and the trusts
tariff law and thus secure
e!,-s the right to levy tribute
public So accustomed have
i 1. nders bec ome to allowing
i- t.-d interests to write tic
.clubs that so eminent .-in 1
a man as Senator Hoar of
It
ha
Could more conclusive proof be de
sired? And the Senator Burrows men
tinned Is the same Senator Burrows who
acted as temporary chairman of the
last Republican National convention,
and sounded the key-note of the cam
paign. How long wdll the Republican farm
ers, merchants and laboring men per
mit a few men to make the tariff laws
for their own pecuniary advantage and
at the expense of the rest of the coun
try? Kedtictlcn On Necessaries.
The second step In the reduction of
the tariff is a "material reduction upon
the necessaries of life, especially upon
goods competing with such American
manufactures as are sold abroad more
cheaply than at home." At present the
articles used by the poor bear a higher
rate, ad valorum. than the articles used
by the rich. This statement can be vet- 1
if led by un examination of any of the
j schedules. A tax upon consumption,
I even when laid with absolute impar- ,
tlallty, bears heaviest upon the poor,
I because our necessities are much more:
I uniform than our possessions. People
f do not e.ii In proportion to their in
come; they dn not wear clothing in pr.i
! portion to their Income; they do not use
1 taxed goods in proportion to their lu
! oorne. As nil taxes must come on! nf
mi's Income, no matter through what
system l.-vle.l or collected, they are. in
effect, le oii;e tuxes, and taxes on .-nn-.'.'Jitm.ilon
are really graduated income
j taxes, ihe iarg. st per cent b'-ing col
lected from those with the smallest in
i enme and the smallest per cent from
j tho-si. with the largest income. Tt is
onlv fair, therefore, that in an attempt
I to r.l!re the people from the i n 1 1 1 ii I -'
tics of ii hlfih tariff, the poor, who are
work and good wages,
or reduced waes. If any ractory posts
up tho sign which the Leather lielttng
company - is sending out, the employes
ought lo get together and ask for
guaranty as to the amount of the wages
they are to receive and as to the length
of time during which the guaranty .s
to extend If the votes are to be
bought, the purchaso price, at least,
should be made secure. If the employes'
heritage- citizenship--Is to be sold, he
otipht at least to be sure of his mess of
pottage.
Business on Its Own Baals.
-, But the Whole system is vicious. Busl- i
ness should not be built upon legisla
tion; It should stand upon Its own i
merit, nnd when it does stand upon its :
own merit we shall not onlv have purer .
politics, hut we shall have less fluctua- I
tion an business conditions and a more
equitable distribution of the proceeds of
toll.
I can hot pass from this part of my I
subject without calling attention to the
fact that Secretary Taft has allowed i
himself to l.e drawn Into the use of an
argument which the lieneflrla ries or
protection have be.-n employing for a
generation. Speaking of the gradual
substitution of a revenue tariff for the
protective system, he savs in his notifi
cation speech- j
"The Introduction In power of a party i
w-ith diis avowed purpose cannot hut I
halt the gradual recovery from our re
cent financial depr. sshm and produce
business disaster, compare.! with which
our rece.it pi-iiic ami depression will
se.-m small Indeed."
Here la a threat of a panic if the
Republican parly is not retained in
pow.-r. This panic argument was
worked overtime In 1 S91, but I am sur
prised that a Republican refers to It
ir the present campaign.
The Panics Considered.
Wo huvo had threo panics since the
lirptihlic'n partv wan horn: the panic
of ls73, tho panic of lK'.a and the panic
..f 1H"7. The panic of 1S73 camo after
tho Republican party had been in com-
pl.-te control of tile federal government
f . u; l -j years, and II years before our
1-irtv sucroeisd in securing control of
;l.o executive branch of the government.
'I lo- stiitimg "par-ir an! depression"
ot Is.", occurred In the very midst of
BEWARE OF IMITATIONS
Cheap Substitutes and
Just As Good As
Unscrupulous dealers, mindful only of profit and
oaring nothing for the health of their patrons, are
offering for sals low-grale. Impure whiskey, which
they tell you Is as "good as Duffy's "
It Is a cheap concoction and rrauri. in
tended to deceive the people. Of course,
when a remedy has been before the publlo
so long, has been prescribed and used by
the beat doctors and In all the prominent
hospitals, and baa carried the blessing of
health into so many thousands of homes
as Duffy's Pure Malt Whiskey has, Imita
tions are bound to arise. But they can
Imitate the bottle and label only no one
can Imitate the contents.
Duffy's lure Malt Whiskey Is an abso
lutely pure distillation of. malted grain;
great cars being used to have every ker
nel thoroughly malted, thus destroying the
germ and producing a predlgested, liquid
food In the form of a malt essence, which
Is tho most effective tonic stimulant and
Invlgorator known to science; softened by
warmth and moisture. Its palntabillty and
freedom from Injurious substances render
it so that it can be retained by the most
sensitive stomach.
Any firm that will sell Imitation or sub
stitution goods will sell impure goods. The
firm that is dishonest in one thing would
not hesitate to be dishonest In another.
Whenver you see Imitation and substitu
tion goods offered for sale by a firm, he
ware of anything nnd everything put up
by that firm. You endanger your own
life and the lives of your family anil
friends by dealing with them.
BEWARE OF FRAUDS!
Daffy's Pare Malt Whiskey
Is sold In sealed bottles only never in
bulk. A facsimile of the gonulne bottle
is printed here so that you may easily rec
ognize it. It Is our own patented bottle
round, amber colored and with the name
"Duffv Malt Whiskey Company" blown In
the glass. The trademark the Old Cheni
Ist'n Hend Is on the label, and over the
cork there Is an engraved pnper seal. Be
certain this seal la not broken.
It Is the only whlskev rerognlzel by dor
tors everywhere as a family medicine. At
all druggists, grocers, dealers, or direct.
$1 a bottle.
Write Consulting Physician, Duffy Mnlt
Whiskey Co., Rochester, N. 1.. for free
Ulustrated medical booklet and free advice.
P 1
i ,n - , llMaBff --
R- p ;blh
a-. ii.
il IC't
sh i lid f.
.rts
the
h
tC IT. H K
1 1
ml::
dirt
Rer-i.-lt
r. nnd when the el.r on :s
he Republican committee p.,i,
!'sr nf contributors - t la'e
tie inf orm a t -on valuable- jt
-1 that the Republic.-,,! party
- obligated itself to !. pro-
s: ns to le unable t ti.nse
the Interests of the i-nn-
nd
l w
th.
ir.-fulh
h , : ik I ha
-X -c f
S'l ludlll
i-r. r. r l
n of : he
t,cd f
.iners. :
! t:,e !
iMh.
a v.
said. u. disrc
then before t:
coming before
n formal In -ar'
industries. I tl
to rarefi.'.h
he various
c.ii or 7'1 :n all
h to go over t
teln whit th
sc. nnd if 1
. h.-re t lie eon ni
cm.- exH.tly t a
red or h
the quest
smg t!
c s. r.it
.our s':i
.g on o
unlit t:
'.hust rii :
and -is
over-bi
cons:,!,
in ih
brir.es a redu
w o-ild
Surety
(:.-!, l.e'-
come lilt
niaicifae.i
more . !
A inerlci -i
goods P.
out un-.
so. (I Fsf
ird--,
fit
should be
Th
k.-t
lb I -
.id.-.
given firs!
t . to. it r . .luct ion
the necessities of life
o all the people. wM'e
i the tax upon luxuries
but it portion of the J..-0-
v.-ill object I . fi re
i; in.''.!. ;nori articles u
mpetillon with Ainei
un " nt.i.li a re sold ah
ii.;. than at home
n o. ifnciurer who fr:i.N
p.'.-.ti'. lands and there. it
1 : ' ':oh whatever, copip-.-iiv
.th the matin fact u r. i--.
.1 - !!! need ,'i h i gh t a 1
" . i ' : ' 'on in the ho-no ma
ti-..:.- .ii .-r.o.in arMe'.is s
-.' : : to nss:.r.- a h. i j
, . c in, rl on n i "iisi ii'
-es a - r- : i.g out of
:e,l li
w as
r
i,
Graduation at
.V r
Revenue
f:-.l. '
this
Basis.
:i rule. Just after a Republl
r . and under it high tariff. Is
! range that Secretary Taft
rgr-l tills p '.tiic, when lie warns
bewaie nf any departure from the
oive system?
- panic of lin'.T came after the Re
.i h id been lu complete control
o dei-al ko ernrnetit for more than
urs. They had liaji art opportunity
. everything thai they wanted to
ni to undo everything that neele 1
undone, and we were under such
'i tariff that even Secretary Taft
n-.-es-iity of re Ision. This
. b ni that banks felt It nr-
.-..riiething that they hid
before, namely, arbitrarily
. . I it of money that depos-
nw on i heir own accounts,
shaw siiis thnt the strln-
"7 was 'the se crest th0
i wit nessed ." Wit h this
n hN mind. Is it not stranne
.d aiRu.- thai ids election is
pr. en t a pa tile
a Republican Panic.
. i r-d ! two of the three:
. se coming under con
ii. pel the Republican
responsibility for
the panic
properly
pan. it
panic to
can It be
E-tally
!' l!
PI
ci
dcrs-
M r
la-
lee:
a rex
SUme
Responsibility for Fail nre to
t-H- a
The
Parebi of the Will.
In or.'
ic- If
difftr
a n ; .'
i he
1 -i
Act.
Wt o.
Im't!(
W': a r .
r :0 - f
Sitx f r iv "
thir ds m- I- r
ft m?. Jorit! in t
ran party lu.
revision whale- ,
leader of irt rr
troduced a b:'; prox-M r. e f-
of Ibe tariff to !' p... ....
It Is row mr-'f than left -would
lak like the Rep.'
might bav takn tl !
tariff rev'slor. hod It he
"e and
tr R
M r W
ward the
he nee.
h a two
n a r i v
; urnf-
-c-rr. it nny
ii'Tns. the
ho i.e. )n-
H re I jetlon
' whrex-er
'" It
r l nrt x
M- '--ward
dee..,-
- t'U a 1 n .- ss ; s . . '
and i :. t : . " i ,
th.y ap; n ' si:
ed b t l.e e i r -s.miia-;
1 1 . ;. : - .
life and i-p to : i.
If a "pre .ret ,..ri
makes it i.por, im
tariff reform r 'r
proa-hea. h ;n.
property, lexes '
dr'-n what 1 e w is!
then makes surf.
to pub;
(-UP- of
I cn . ,P 'I 1 " .i il,
I lo t ill ' . X .hi V " .'.!'' T
.!.! . .;r:oi .
re you, hi - i find m o, ,
l': a.-t ic -. is... . i-r. ' , . ,
C l'i.1. I' l.k-1.- , .. i
' s:itis'i"f-.rv p. Ic jr i K
i.q r. s, nt, x, I". t hj? .x p e. ., .
two. 'l'"i the papers ll, iC.Vto.
" eisfi I 1 ,1 V.- ii'.IiU.-.i . ( Vc.j
!',: :- I V n ve i.'-f T" 'I in'- ' ' ' . '",.
"" in 1 '..I ..'no . t " V
' ic I " s :i
ino. r i ts
iths aft.
pr.-s
r . e '
b.-f
. f-l
' 1
si. in .-
i o s
.it- : 1;
h:
s t f . . t
ot ll.
L Ul.l
the'
.lea t n
Ties
g '
F"i'
re 1 1, e
the
' I !
:s . otisiti. r
Coiili bo
I .emncra t ic
I li'lU'ii'! atl
p HIP'S. Rut
'" tie I
a f - w ni
. I n mo.
ie f - M 'Ki
:t. t an!
i i i .x lied ! -.
. " - from a l se s
n be f. .re the . . , 1 1 . .
fa.i .re of the R,-i
its .!iit- itiil sn
br 1 i tz I n b' .; t a pi
n1 the?'"- r a 3
H pa : It' .- - ll : f ! h'
.1 i '-n: a ; e. n j
... ,..,) 1-, 1 - e- -ih
, i.. ; Hx,;o --i m i
, aitiu--r .il.- : e
Tariff Wrolirj?
It
dent,
l.lgn
ibli
PORTLAND RAILWAY, LIGHT
& POWER COMPANY
BULLETIN NO. U
INCANDESCENT LAMPS THEIR USE AND ABUSE
p- s : 1 1 on
hs-lf ,.::
fir.fii .
p. a
As
e a i u. ..f
! f nn I c!
1 i o t' i ve, a
s a he 1 : l
I i t 1 ' s,. .
lb"
sp
hl a
i. -id
: :rh t
-i I 1 :S li. :ia n r
Is re. r imp .
Is tru t'-iat
x har a i p
pi'-
nl-r Mil
' it-' i .
!.. w a it r r
.T,rr.'t' v..
ied I , s-i 1nl
arawer t . t-.,.
pen the p ;i.-
eafTsr-aiB-
ert': I -it r.o tre
rerorted from 'v e
erfr a'teei --
fensible r. he.' vie o
they couM n' afford
Jert for deat Just before
tut tfiere Is no force in thia ehieetien
If an the bue rnl are m frarn
that the majorttv ear ret eff debate
r retreat amendment and llr. oppoi-1.
Tbe avdmrnl strati
for tha f:ne aga'ost
fewpaPT in the raw
rTrnd ot no "
fx r!!ere the p-p
ervvh l tfnrs$ .-
r ! efnndard '
the pe'nli rf t'
it-i tHal ec-TTi pa
rent rretlon era
lo
the r
in
RnM a.
rf -ff.
f cl!m-1 Ti
I1--' Planosrl . .'1
' : - was is . r
t - bee" r- ' -
, rrm t s f r
- I Y s-m ex r - da x
exT.ny tr-'.igh
'ar'.rf law --i-ti
more than c pr
rat t' er'' 'i-at.
at
i i ; r .
lua'lr..
1 N'c f,,
! and b
rs-i-s-d
-i"l t- la
i I' tT;l tSitl'.r-
Rl: wr.se
a toj-.f lS
fr- T ;,r
fj rs-d a f r- 1
turo-
trt- -rt-
What faith 'tn
rtieteaw re be a Hermit
irlff
ran or
lYadere.
wteo they dei.brmtety put ff
Shi l.ad
r m e n . f - s o
rot trust '
d.al fair'!
P4in f.re--h
' in n- ' ;
xx h
l-i
wr. f!-
. h 1 1 '
; h h : -i
-. g tils
s famih
' o mn--
Trust
p- . in
article
: I : x .' I
on Free
t v
P.p
1.1st.
;if
'.
Bnlk of Tax to th Coilector.
d
5,
f t
a A - -
t
it
: : . J a '
t ls.
r. -r .fs--
r
I !
' r e '
rvx N-er. tv res j 1 1
! a t-s r epert1-
"" aprropTiat'-l
I .
1 . - tv !' iri'-
r.r-, 1 n ' o r '.p-, J .
:ro)id t'
list Vx hat b'-t'r i
nro Mr llni'n.'U', the
sar tnnt. d that th
t trnat luai to a.eir own' us and I the mother tf trusta and
. r ix
' I ' i '-
tu-ije - ! r .r-
:. 1 vt- 1- he.
a ' s. r - I . e h - h
:h nr' .ia r
- , a -s-d op, - f re..
- h-t'n" Tear
hil ' f th
'sriff n
hr chlldrec ;
i '
ts- t
nr' 'a
1
t
rr. p '
art- .es a-'l n :'e .jit. i-i
p. ac i-y :..iss dt .- f
at! a r d the ir.xr,':fi.O',.oi
nir.e 'irr.e n rr.urh or t ',s V-r,.s-,
trt'.ris a the trurx rf.iieriii -f . .
one Urtf, -n-ipor'e-1 It bv-o,t rkf.
t-T tf fsk in- r-ortinre tv.r.fore
the pop at larg. whether the tariff
b '
i aa i i 1
I t.r.-.a1
' 'rir a;
.trr ml
' -- .rr,r-"t i -i
'ar. njr
: n a 1 bv
sip I to all
"''' . t re rr. ar s : r. ar
- '.- t ir1 Iv k I,.- ..,t tne
1 -) unco f.t o;r a'ir,i ma-.
nrr.x. ,,0 the Hat foull t-
'-'-ed tndrtrrftrr. - ;
Kir 25 i't the mt(-an rrfr-ai j
rrar. haa ber to!4 that h rciven hlah
r wage thaa the Encllsh work ma a I
"The value of electrical energy, as furnished to a consumer, is
not proportional alone to the amount of energy as measured by an
electric meter, but is dependent upon various other factors, includ
ing the efficiency with which the electrical energy can be trans
formed or translated into other useful forms. The consumer
uses electrical energy for securing light, heat and mechanical
power, and for the transformation into these more directly useful
forms various translating devices are employed. The adequacy of
the service is dependent in large measure upon the efficiency of
these translating devices.
"For the production of illumination, translating devices include
various forms of lamps, such as the carbon filiment incandescent
lamps, the tantalum and tungsten incandescent lamps, Nernst
lamps, mercury vapor lamps and the numerous types of arc lamps.
For the production of mechanical power, motors of various kinds
are employed, and for electrical heating, the translating devices
comprise various forms of resistances.
"The amount of illumination which can be secured from a given
amount of electrical energy consumed in the ordinary type of incan
descent lamp depends upon the design of the lamp and the mate
rials and processes used in its manufacture, upon the voltage at
which it is designed to operate, the voltage at which current is
supplied to it, its period of service, the cleanliness of the outer
surface of the glass bulb, as well as upon various other factors.
"The ultimate life of an incandescent lamp may be expressed
as the number of hours during which it will continue to give illum
ination, this period being unusually terminated by a burning away
or rupture of the filament. It is recognized as exceedingly bad
practice to allow lamps to remain on circuit until this point has
been reached, since the deterioration in efficiency will have become
such as to make it uneconomical of operation. It is better prac
tice, and one more commonly prevailing, to express the life of a
lamp as the number of hours at which it will operate at normal
voltage before its efficiency falls to a value below 80 per cent of
the efficiency of the lamp when new. This length of life, as com
monly attained in the better grades of carbon filament lamps now
manufactured. i in the neighborhood of 600 hours, and to allow a
lamp to burn longer than that period usually results in what might
be termed inadequate or uneconomical service due to excessive
deterioration.
"One of the most common causes of poor service is due to the
operation of incandescent lamps after they have depreciated below
80 per cent of their original efficiency.
"It is a fact not sufficiently recognized that the accumulation
of dust, oil and dirt on the outer surface of an incandescent lamp
wili materially reduce its efficiency, and many instances exist where
the r.lurr.ination may be increased from 5 to 10 per cent by clean
ing the globes.
"One cf the most serious causes of inadequate service is insuffi
cient size of the wires installed in buildings, causing a reduction of
the voltage. This may result from poor design or false economy in
the original installation, but in many instances is due to the grow
ing demand for more current than the original installation of
wiring was intended to provide for. Poor electric service may
result from such inadequate wiring, even though the company ma;
supply a satisfactory voltage to the inlet of the building. It ap
pears to be universally true that the electric company ie not directly
responsible for such interior wiring."
Front Report of Railroad Commission of Wisconsin, July, 1908