A.
irtfi OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL. PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, AUGUST 18,1908
E
MARY'S LAMB WAS KNOWN
IN REVOLUTIONARY TIMES
Monday Sale of Household Dry Goods
HOW GH
FOSTERED
Sickening; Statistics Show
That If It Wanted to Curl
Uf and Die the Law and
Law-Enforcers Wouldn't
Let It Pawn of Hope.
By FREDERIC J. HASKIN.
(Cnpyrlght. 1 90S, by Freilrrlc J. Haaktn.)
Washington, Aug. IB. The recent In
vpstlKHtlons of deorjria'a convict lease
B.vMrm and lnapertlon of the convict
CHmps have broiiKht to light a ntato
of affairs that has shocked that com
monwealth to Ita very center and at
tracted country-wide attention. Tim
pnt element of Its cltlienry has called
for an extra session of the legislature
to take steps to repeal the law which
allows the sale of convict labor 'o
tho highest bidder In open market, and
take measures to protect the helpless
criminals that are presumably under
mate care. With the repeal of the law
will come a diminishing of state rev
enue and a lessening of the Ineomo
for schools and roads, but this loss
progressive Georgians are willing to
ustaln in the Interest of Immunity.
Georgia Is one of the five state that
Ftll hold to tho lease system as tho
best means of making their convicts
ray for themselves and at yie Barm
time Bdd to the public funds. In most
plates convicts are a dead expense. While
some are employed In manufacturing,
or on state roads and public works,
or on farms, over 88,000 In all beln
in productive occupations, a large per
centage are perpetually Idle. Alabama,
Florida. Mississippi, Virginia. Georgia.
Ijouisiana. Missouri, North Carolina and
South Carolina make a profit from their
convicts.
Whera Convicts' Over-Pay Keep.
Tho latest report from the bureau of
labor of the I'nlted States department
of commerce and labor shows that In
penal Institutions where Inmates are
worked the year's value of labor or.
farm products was tl, 600,000, In tho
manufacture of boots and shops, $,
650,000. The labor value on highways
and roads was $1,041,000 In the manu
facture of clothing. $865,000, In coal
mining over $800,000 and in furnlturo
making $775,000. The average market
value of goods per convict was $670,
the average value of his labor $283, or
$12,000,000 In aJl. The average net
appropriation for the maintenance of
penal Institutions In this country is
about $124 per convict. So In the long
run, each convict more than pays for
his keep.
Work as Reforming Influence.
Less than a century ago those con
fined In penal Institutions were kept
In an Idleness that boded no good for
their moral and physical being, and
that offered little opportunity for re
formation. Any work assigned was
. - . ;
, - .V ' f - ' ' ' L
p ' ' - . . " fc ' '
- - , , ' ) - " ' ,
i A j ,.J fr ta
1 J ' v,
1a v;
. V t
Old South Church.
fiurely of a punitive nat-ure the tuni
ng of cranks, the working of tread
nulls, the pacing to and fro in a given
space, the dolntr over and over of hh
less things. Then came the awaken
ing, and the past half century has
witnessed an attempt to make Indus
trialism! a factor In the redemption of
the convict of today. Blnce It Is the
law of society that every man be in
dependent in his support of himself,
so It seemed reasonable that an offend
er against society should be made self
supporting rather than be a drag on
that society against which he had of
fended. Manufacturing was first put
Into the penal Institutions, and still
obtains to a great extent.
Seven Per Cent In Thi Slavery.
In the south, when the war had left
little else than ruin, tho freed slaves,
unused to so much personal liberty,
i-oon made a largo prison population.
There was no money to build institu
tions or hire guards, so the states
adopted the - Idea of leasing out the
long-term convicts to farmers or let
ting them by contract to manufacturers
or rprmers. as I lie soutu grew more
prosperous and us It recognized the
evils of the leasing system It abol
ished it, state by stste. In 1885 10
southern states and throe western, N-'w
Mexico. Nehreska and Washington,
were still using the lease system. To
day there are only Alabama, Georgia
Virginia, Florida and Wyoming. Aii
these except Wyoming find it a profit
able venture, but the price the com
monwealths pay in increased Immoral
ity. In degradation of cltlzenrv and In
lack of general progress Is not to be
meanured. In 18S.". 20 per cent of the
convicts in this country were leased;
now only abo.it seven per cent are In
this modern slaverv.
Mary had a little lamb,
Its fleece waa write as snow;
And everywhere that Mary went
The lamb was sure to go.
It followed her to school one day,
Which was against the rule;
It made tho children laugh and play
To see the lamb at school.
And so the teacher turned It out.
But still It lingered near.
And waited patiently about
Till Mary did appear.
In other days. I supposed, as many
do, that this pimple little Jlnple was
composed by an elder to please some
child, but have recently learned of the
fact that Mary and the lamb lived In
the ' house pictured above in Sterling.
Mass.
Mary was born In 1806 In the corner
room with four window?, two of which
face the street as can be seen by the
picture. A cousin of Mary's Mrs.
Henry Sawyer occupies the houe at
the present time. Hut few changes
have been made. The ceilings are low.
latches are on the doors anJ the sills
are worn nearly even with the floors.
The sohonolhouse has been demolished
and aptile trees growing on the old site
help to supply brain food to the neigh
boring children. There was no road and
Mary had to walk half a mile from
home across the fields.
One chilly morning In March a young
lamb, nearly exhausted from exposure,
Its unnatural mother not owning It,
was taken by Mary into the house and
tenderly cared for, where it rapidly de
veloped Into a handsome pet.
On the day the poem was written,
as was her usual custom, Mary called
the lamb before going to school to
fondle and caress it. Her brother Nathan
proposed taking It to school. Mary i
readily consented. When they Imagined
it was weary, Nate would carry It and t
help to lift it over tho stone walls. Upon I
arriving at tho schoolhouse Mary put i
It In her desk not like the modern j
desk, but closed all around. j
The lamb kept qu-let until Mary went
to the front. Into line, to recite her les- '
son. Mary being a good scholar was !
absorbed In her work and forgot the;
lamb, but tho lamb did not forget Mary
and followed closely at her heels. The j
teacher smiled, the pupils filled tho!
room with uproarous laughter and !
Mary, in mortified confusion, took the
lamb into a shed and tied It. During
the noon hour she took It home.
John Rolstone, a young man who was
studying with a local pastor, was also
visiting the school. He was of a social,
cheery nature and always saw tho funny
side. I'pon returning home he wrote
the verses and put them In his vest
pocket. The following day, as he was
riding on horseback In the vicinity of
the schoolhouse, he saw Mary and gavo
tuem to ner. i lie poet died soon alter
entering college.
The lamb on Thanksgiving morning,
being gored by a cow, bled to death in
the arms of Its agonized mistress.
Mrs. Marv (Sawyer) Tyler iiied in
1810) in Somerville, Mass. When the
omn of Hoston. Mass., and adjoining
towns were trying to save the Old
South Meeting House, a Urookllne wo
man who lm.1 in her possession a pair
of Mary's stockings, knitted by Mary's
mother from the first wool of the lamb, j
raveled the hose and fastened short I
lengths to descriptive cards. The I
amount realized from these souvenirs
was between one and two hundred dollars.
which has a product value to Oeorgla
of $491 .789. to North Carolina of $17S,
705, to South Carolina of $325, 6SS and
to the I'nited States government nf
$419, .166. declaring it a thoroughly im
practical method and not suited In any
way to that commonwealth's Ideas of
eivillRution. New York leads In the
perfection of the state use syFtem, hav
ing to its credit 30 per cent of the value
of the total products under this system.
Kansas, Massachusetts, Mississippi and
Texas each produce over $200,000 a
year by this system.
Missouri makes money from the con
tract system, getting nearly $2,300.00.1
a year as a product value, and by It
Virginia and Kentucky produce about
$1,500,000 worth each yearly.
The five states that practice the lease
svstem produce goods, to a total volu
or 53. 094.000.
"llttlV more than half
Six Syatema for Working:.
Since the nation awakened to the
need of the convicts supporting them
selves there have been six systems de
veloped for the utilization of their serv
ices. (1) The leas' system, used by five
tatea. Is that wherein the state leas"S
the convicts to some party or parties
who agree to feed, clothe, guard an 1
furnish medical aid to them, the state
making eertntn rutea li reo-'i-,l rl,am
and reserving the rlirht in Insneet tl, of this being Georgia's share Illinois
camps or Institutions at will. For 1 leads In the price-piece system with
these men and women the lessees pav ! nearly $2,0ou.0o as the annual product
ao much per head. The state shlf t s ' v" nearly 60 per cent of the tot.il
all responsibility, apparently ,ind "he value M'nnesota lends in the publl
helpless felons are at the mercy 'accounts system with product value of
their purchasers for a given time and over $1,000,000. Hv systems, the per
under the surveillance of questionably oentages of the v;ilue of eonvlet labor
competent guards ! to the market vilue of the goods Is
(21 The contract svstem used bv i greatest Tor public works and ways.
27 states, gives the prisoner a better oeing 59 per cent; the lowest is the
Chance at life and health. By thlsil'ase system. 44 per cent,
the state clothes, feeds, houses and: Over-Sentencing' in Lease State.
atatea. la the fame as the contract ..maintained ''''"
lAti. alii, tio Mniin .1,.. -iniore than would
paid for bv the piece.
(4 By the public accounts sy.tem !,HluraT or youu.
applied In 40 states the state enter" the ; Pet.t ton of . r me
lease camps there having been found
25.
Another great evil Is the mixing of
the juvenile criminals with the older
ones. Before South Carolina abolished
Its lease system 52 little negroes be
tween the apes of 7 and 16 were found
In one camp, one little fellow of 7
being sent up for 15 months for steal
ing a ride on a bicycle. Before Louisi
ana abolished Its lease system a sys
tem that took a roll of one out of
every ten prisoners In camp each year
2.8 youths between 13 and 21 were I
found mixed In which hardened crimi
nals learning the worst of life In that
advanced school for crime.
"Never Had Ho Chance Hohow."
A little Alabama lad, condemned to
death on the gallows, a few years aeo.
caught the band of the chaplain as he i
went up. and when that man offered '
encouragement, tiie boy said: "I don't j
seem never to have had no chance no- j
how." A graduate of a convict camp, '
an example of what misguided leglsla- I
tion and uneducated public opinion will I
permit, he voiced not only his own,
nut the grievance of all the Ignorant,!
the untrained, the incompetents of the
nation. In answer to such cries reform'
schools slid Industrial Institutions fori
criminals are appearing, but too slowly
to meet the needs of Its vagrant people, j
run
manufacturing field for Itself. This
ayatem has met with strong objection
Kc.niioa 1 1 i. ,--,,-. ... nn. ....
to free labor and has been found t , Povertv-strl. ken and h
n,nr.ll IW market. .1 i- lima IO temptations U'Sl
this can be mao harmless to free
labor by the manufacture of articles
that do not bring them Into sueh
trona competition with the nnil.l..
. ma nu fact u rers.
6 The state uae arst-m. nntctlced
for 46 states and two I'nlted State
prisons. Is applied to ( lie manufacture
or such gooos
I more than would lie nernea to
trade and grammar schools ror in
education of vouth and the consequent
Of these prisoners
over half have been sent up for drunk
enness, vagrancy or disorderly conduct.
The ereat ni.itoritv are Ignorant and
nnce easy v o-
niiiMnnt hn r e s 1 1 IT in net tv
crlmes. From this half the states with
the lease svstem make their monev
The fines are usually heavy, the pris
oner unable to pav. and when the cost-
wre added In he finds he must serve a
sentence of astonishing length.
A Growlnf Outrage in norlda.
Couldn't Get Along.
From the Kansas City Journal.
- She has sued him for a divorce."
"On what grounds?'
"Incompatibility of income, I understand."
Never Falls to Restore
Gray Hair to Its Natural
Color and Beanty.
No matter how long it has been grzr
er faded. Pmnuifia IiiTnpUniK.4ll
the convicts In t hn conrrn.i lrn , a . t int. -. .. a. - l . ... . . . . "
public work, auch a, public high-' it t. Tl-.1 "oi-lm -Hnt-V?o j .S 1g.Oat.
-a. roadway. narks and breakwaters ever on th alert fo? such" offender; mnQ I POtltlVtly rCIDOVCS DIB'
Fnr lnianrp In the month of March.
as the state Itself mn'iui h.r, cneeial tnvoctleatlon rna
use. and that are not put Into open being made tn Georgia. 149 persons wer
markets In competition with free labor, convicted of misdemeanors, disorderly
IS! In " States the Dllbllc works ...lblr. nn mrk etc
and Tv avstem la found. This system n,l we're given sntences agetegsttng
Of
wave,
Kach avstem na Ita advocate n I ik.i t,. .,. thm hronht into th
Ita opnonenta Indiana, for example. ! rntirta snrt e that Immediate aentence
condemne the public works system. I. lv.n then lease them for work on
" !9 j the farm a.
I Florida a unenviable record was fur
ther enhanced a few year ago when
two Tpimg mer.. makirg s walking tour
thrtoiah the south, h i't'ng and flshin
as they went. wre ar-ested for vag
rancy and kept aa prls-mera in a loath
some camo for several montbe until
they finally made their escape, aearret
etafvetl and ragged, and endeavored to
awaken pnhllc Interest in their behalf.
Oesrfltioaa VmprU table.
The ram pa where these mnrlefa are
kept are said to be hotbed a of Tire,
demoralising to the convict and de
morallalna; to ooeletv In genera I., ft ta
alleged that the guards are Ignorant
and brutal that the treatment of the
women, both white and Mack, la terrt
Me and Mrrrtntable. that fmeoora'ttT'
la the-rle and the effect la er eels' It
, rtermmanlilne Oeorwia'a aywte-m haa
l repwible t"r a lerare trcente
l af LUegiUiBta cLUdrt; ta eocmct
PIANO VALUE
Our fine $49 plane value at
1400. this week and nejt week.
.. No mistake It la no mlatake to
buy where you get "An Honeat
Value at An Hovat Price." Wo
rent piano.
Sherman, Clay S Co.
omtm rofTomci
draff. Keeps hair soft and rloMr. Re
J .(I 1 A . . .
K auuauiurca. times as muca
in Jl-00 aa 50c site. Is Not a Dye.
tl and 60c. bottles, at dracglsts
Scad k for free bonk "The Canee the Hair.M
Phiio Bay Spec Caw, Kewark, W. 1.
Haya Hartlna Soasnroa Ptapw
red. rourta aatf chapped baadv a ad aJl ekia dta
eaaaa. Keeps akla lat and aoft. 21c. dme-rteta.
am ban ei ut Mdau
WOODAItD. CLARKE A CO.
RE
BBPTO
Cf el varfecMa ewweaae need hifc ae wRkeel
a ninrical etau or eiuaiioa M mii, m ef
tl a aeeraMd anal tW pen ta caaiaiMely eatMd.
rri ftnri tw D it set e Rnae
m svVuaai nif,,nruui,.oir)h
These prices are for Monday onlyjust one day. The y offer an unusual shopping opportunity. We rec
ommend purchasing in the 1 morningJor jcrowds at these counters will be enormous in the afternoon
Regular 15c Percales 9c j Fruit-of-Loom Muslin 9c
Good quality Percales, in navy, red, cadet,
blue, black and white. Great variety of
good patterns.
Amoskeag Gingham 6c
A full selection of these superb Ginghams
our entire regular stock. Everyone
knows the quality and value.
15c Dress Ginghams 10c
Best Domestic Dress Ginghams, the kind
we have sold regularly for 15c yard.
Some patterns worth more.
Table Oilcloth 19c Yard
1. .
Very best quality Table Oilcloth, in plain
and fancy patterns.
Cotton Batting 55c Yard
Large quilt size Cotton Batting, regularly
75c yard. A most extraordinary value,
for Monday only.
30c Long Cloth 19c Yard
45-inch Bleached Long Cloth, fine soft
quality.
Ten thousand yards famous yard-wide
"Fruit of Loom" Muslin, bleached, f
only, yard JfC
$1.75 Bedspreads $1.19
Full size Crochet Bedspreads, Marseilles
patterns.
25c Huck Towels at 14c
Bleached Huck Towels, size 40x20 inches,
regular 25c values.
122C Huck Crash 7c Yd.
Bleached Huck Crash, 18 inches wide,
regularly 12jc yard.
65c Table Damask 53c
Bleached Linen Table Damask, 62 inches
wide, sold regularly at 85c yard.
$2.75 Napkins at $1.59
22-inch Bleached Linen Napkins, good,
satisfactory quality, worth $2.75 dozen.
Reg. 35c Flannels 19c Yd.
28-inch Scotch Flannel, wool and cotton
mixed, best desirable patterns for fall.
Sale of Bedding
For Camp and Summer Home
White and Gray Cotton Blankets, very
fleecy, plain or colored borders, much re
duced :
10-4 Cotton Blankets, 85c val., 69
11- 4 Cofn Blankets, $1.25 val., 98
12- 4 Cot. Blankets, $1.75 val. $1.39
White, Gray and Scarlet Wool Blankets
of finest quality sanitary wool, fancy col
ored borders :
$6.00 White Wool Blankets $4.89
$7.00 White Wool Blankets $5.89
$9.50 White Wool Blankets $139
$12.50 Wh. Wool Blankets $9.49
Silkoline and Cotton Comforts, filled with
fine quality white laminated cotton, light
and dark figured coverings :
Reg. $1.50 Comforts, special $1.19
Reg. $1.75 Comforts, speciaf$139
Reg. $200 Comforts, special $159
Reg. $4.00 Comforts, special $2.98
r
Portland's Initial Showing of New fall Fashions
Our entire Washington and Third street windows given over to a most fascinating exhibit of the authentic
styles for the coming season. We are first, as usual, to display the most fashionable modes, the most fash
ionable colorings, the most fashionable materials in dress, frock or gown. New goods are arriving daily. We
call especial attention to New Suits, Millinery, Princess Veils, Neckwear, Dress Goods, etc.
NOTE We have just received a few superb Tailored Suits from PELLARD of Paris and New York.
Knitted Coat Sweaters, Values to $5, for $2.67
Monday we offer a sale of Women's Sweaters that will surpass all values offered heretofore. They come in
mannish coat style, with pockets, in white, red, gray and navy. Some have knitted bands in (U
contrasting colors. Sold regularly up to $5.00; 500 of them go on sale Monday for only l2)aW0
4-Inch Taffeta Ribbon
WhiteWashSkirts
$3.50 Values $1.85
Fifty Women's Finest Quality Rep and
Indian Head White Wash Skirts, in pleat
ed and gored styles, with folds. Simply
to make room for new autumn merchan
dise, they all go for
only
$1.85
16-Button Silk Gloves
Reg, $1.75 Values 85c
The same good quality of Kayser and
Fownes 16-button Double-Tipped Silk
Gloves that you bought last year for
$1.75 and $2.0Q,a pair. Double- rtf
ble-tipped fingers ODC
Two-Clasp Silk Gloves
75c-$l Values 4 9c
"Kayser" and "Fownes" two-clasp Silk
Gloves, double-tipped fingers, all sizes, in
black and white, regular 75c and Mf
$1.00 values. Monday sale uC
Gingham Aprons
75c Values at 49c
t .
Women's Gingham Aprons, made of
extra quality gingham, wide shoulder
straps, pocket, deep ruffle. 59 inches long,
full width. Never sold for less JQ
than 75c. Sale price tiC
50c Neckwear 19c
Another sensational sale of High-Grade
Women's Lace and Embroidered Bows
and Stock collars in stripes and checks.
All new, high-grade neckwear, -l Q
values up to 50c, for 1 C
$2-$3.50 Veils 95c
30c Value 19c Yd.
A great special sale of four-inch All-Silk
Taffeta Ribbon, the kind you have al
ways bought for 30c yard. In the fol
lowing shades gray, tan, brown, green,
pink, cardinal, leather, Copenhagen, light
blue, black and white. Special -f Q
for Monday, yard 1SC
ILmbroidered Collars
19c-25c Values for 9c
Women's Colored Embroidered Linen
Collors, all new styles and designs just
the kind for present war. All sizes and
colors. Regular 19c and 25c quali- fk
ties at 3 for 25 each JC
75c Union Suits at 59c
Women's Medium-Weight Union Suits,
either white or gray, high neck, Qf
long sleeves, 75c quality, for "jC
50c Underw'arBic
Women's Medium-Weight White Knit
Vests and Pants, suitable for cool days;
high neck, long sleeves, or - high neck,
short sleeves. Pants to match. OC
Regular 50c value Jt)C
Reg.50cLisle Stockings
Box 3 Pairs for $1
Women's Imported "Onyx" Black Lisle
Stockings, spliced soles, gaiter tops,
Hermsdorf dye, regular 50c AA
value. Box of 3 pairs for . . . . $ X UU
Children's Hos'ry
Children lxl Ribbed Black Cotton Stock
ings, seamless foot, warranted fast dye,
regular 20c quality, the i a
pair
12lc
Great Sale New Lace Curtains
This great sale will exceed in comprehensiveness and values any sale of the season,
for it includes all kinds of Lace Curtains at extraordinary reductions and just at
housecleaning, too. You can buy all this season's patterns in Irish Points, Renais
sance, Cluny, Marie Antoinette, Scotch Laces, Cable Nets, Battenbergs and new nov
elty effects. All net curtains are mounted on good quality of imported nets; 2lt and
3 yards long; white or Arabian color.
The smartest Round and Square Chantil-
ly Lace Veils in all colors, the most styl
ish veils Of the season. Never sold for
less than $2.00 to $3.50. Sale
price -.-...-......;....-...-..
II wr 157 it
Regular $1.00 Curtains, pair 79
Regular $1.25 Curtains, pair. .... .98
Regular $1.50 Curtai ns pair $1.15
Regular $1.75 Curtains, pair. . . -91-38
Regular $2.00 Curtains, pair. . . $1.53
Regular $2.50 Curtains, pair $1.08
Regular $3.00 Curtains, pair $2.33
Regular $3.50 Curtains, pair $2.G9
Regular $100 Curtains, pair. . . .$3.15
Regular $4.50 Curtains, pair. . .$3.59
Regular $5.00 Curtains, pair. : . .$3.05
Regular $8.00 Curtains, pair. . . .$ 4.70
95c I -r.
Regular $3-50 Curtains, pair. . . .$0.70
Regular $ 1 0.00 Curtains, pair. . .$ 7.0 5
Regular $IO0 Curtains, pair. . .ffl.f r.
"Regular $IJjDOCurtains, pair. 5 1 1 . t '
CURTAINMATEKIALS lU.DL'C:
M