THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. WEDNESDAY EVENINO, AUGUST - 5. 1008
LAWS FOR
PURE FOOD
Federal Lnwfi flood So Far
as Enforceable Ken
tucky and North Dakota
Lead States Watered
Sausages.
ALTON 8. PARKER TO
IN PORTLAN
SPEAK
ISy FRKDKKIC J. HASKIN.
(Copyright. 190S, by Frederic J Hakln )
Washington. Auk. 5. Turn food lenl.s
I it t to 11 bus hnd a hard roud to tnivrl
through atato legislatures and through
the natlonnl congrenij, but despite ob
stacles and oppiiHltlrm the cause has
triumphed, and there Is now enough leg
islation, If adequatnly enforced, to
stamp out all the grouser forms of food
adulteration and fraud. Opposition to
legislation of this kind Is rarely open,
nnd IS therefore, tliu more difficult to
fight. Tliu great buttles were fought
In the state legislatures, and when the
states had succeeded In educating pub
lic sentiment to a point where It cuuld
force members of congrens to act fa
vorably, the federal bureau of chemis
try was enabled to do Its worn.
Representative James it. Mum of Illi
nois was the champion of the food and
drugs c.t which was puHsed two years
ago. He wna not content to basu bis
argument upon chemists' reports and
theories, for he relied upon simple ob
ject lessons. FYr weeks his committee
room presented the appearance or the
interior of a fancy grocery store. When
lie made his great speech fuvorlng the
bill, his desk and llio desks of several
of his colleagues were covered with
cans, pote, glasses and bottles. He held
tip for the inspection of congress jars
of raspberry Jam, which were as Inno
cent of raspberries as they were guilty
of timothy seed. Me showed his fellow
legislators three-pound cans of peaches
which contained little more than two
pounds of frun. He showed how ioal
tar dyes could turn simple glucose Into
ulmost any kind of fruit preserve.
Kentucky Is the Limit.
The Mil became a law. The agita
tion following the publication of i'p
tB Sinclair's novel, "The Jungle."
caused a somewhat unwilling congress
to eniict legislation compelling the great
packing houses to "clean up." The pure
food advocates did not get all they
asked for in either case. They are still
fighting for laws which will uoiupwl
packers to print on the label-the time
of packing and tho exact weight of the
contents of the package. These tilings
will come in time, perhaps, but the main
question Just now' 1p to obtain enforce
ment of the laws already enacted.
Since the passage of the federal law,
however, many states have hastened to
make their laws conform with the fed
eral statutes, so that the d'stiuetlon be
tween interstate and fntrasiate com
merce mav be wipe,) out. i if the ne .v
l'tws the one passed hy the l.nst session
'f the legislature of Kentucky Is held
to be a model one by imuiv pure food
advocates It Is Interesting to note
that this law gives the state food con
trol authorises ph nnry power to en
force the pure fond requirements In
the manufacture of whiskeyKentucky's
most famous product. I'ntll this time
the Kentucky pure food laws have not
touched the matter of beverages.
Question Is, What Is Whiskay?
jOne of the hardest fights made on
thes construction of the national food
and drug act has been that on the
(mention, "What Is wlilskev?" Tho de
partment of Justice doci'led that
Judge Alton B. Parker of New Tork
will In nil probability deliver a political
address In Portland at an early date.
under the auspices of the Pomooratlc
statu central committee, and In support
of tho election of the Pernocratla pres
idential ticket.
Judge l'nrker has been touring; Yel
lowstone jark, and will soon be In Koj
Angeles for u vlsli with friends and rel
atives there. Ho will then go to Be
little, where he Is scheduled to deliver
nn address before the annual convention
I the American It.ir association. In
going to that place he will pass through
I'oil land
Alex Sweek. clmlrmnn of the Demo
cratic state central committee, has taken
the (1i n1!oii up with the national chair
man asking that Judge Parker be sent
to Portland to deliver a political ad
dress It Is expected that arrange
ments oan be completed within
e New York Jurist will
few
days, slid that th
be able to appear here In one or trie
theatres either before his attendance
u the bar association convention or
shortly afterwards.
John 11. Kyan, secretary of the Demo
cratic state central committee, has made
arrangements to secure the same suite
of rooms In tho Merchants Trust build
ing, Sixth and Washington streets, that
was UNd liv the Democratic committees
In the campaign of last June.
Tho new headiiuarters will be opened
as soon as in raiigements for furniture
can be completed, and the campaign for
an Oregon ni.ilorltv for Hrvnn nnd Kern
will be actively begun. Offices for the
accommodation nf the state chairman,
Alex Sue. k. tho state committeeman.
M A Miller, and the county chairman
of Multiiou.ah. (ieorge H Thomas, will
he provided In the headquarters, while
there will also be a room which can be
used as a committee room.
CHARGE GRAFT
III STREET WORK
East Taylor Pavement De
clared Wholly Inferior
Contract Violated.
regulations This ordor Is being resist
ed In the courts, and a long fight Is
ahead before the question will be set
tled finally.
Can Bity Trash If Labelled.
In Kentucky the pure food advocates
have been working li) years. R. M.
Allen nnd M. A. Hoovllle have been at
the helm rMr. Allen Is the secretary
of the Food Control Officers' associa
tion, which Is now holding the puro
food congress at Mackinac island. He
has resigned his position In Kentucky
and Is now nn assistant attorney gen
eral of the I'nlted Ptates under Mr.
Bonaparte, with especial charge of pros
ecutions of the food laws. Air. Allen Is
responsible for tho Kentucky theory,
which may be described ns the "plain
label policy." If the label tells the
truth, then the consumer Is at liberty
to buv Injurious things if he desires,
but ho must be protected from frauds
and counterfeits.
Tho Kentucky policy of tho plain la
bel Influenced the large fruit nnd vege
table ii.ickers to hesrin experiments to
do nwav with benzoic ocld anl other i frauds
rults must he expected. A arrest ma
jority of food products that are sus
coptlhlo of adulteration are distributed
through Interstate commerce, and Only
the federal law can reach them with
adequate and uniform force. Tho state
and local authorities will continue' to
exercise authority over purely local af
fairs, and to them the people must look
for purity of milk supply and cleanli
ness of grocery storos, markets and
restaurants.
The Kentucky Idea followed.
It is to be doubted If congress has
ever enacted a law which, If adequately
enforced, will accomplish mora far
reaching practical reforms than the
food and drugs act of June 30, 1908.
I(retnfore federal legislation control
ling the character and labelling of I
goods, drugs and beverages has been
of a restricted scope nnd has been lim
ited, practically, to adjusting tho rights
ami wrones of1 Individual litigants. Un
der th a ordinary criminal statutes there
have been long lists of penaties for
act lot
in mercantile transa
treservatives.
Years before the nn-
I
of Histlce decided that tin"
word "whiskey" should be used only
for distilled "straight" whiskey, nnd
that whiskey made of neutral spirits
must be labelled ns a compound or imi
tation. As only a small percentage of
the whiskey m.nla and sold in the coun
try Is "straight" the fight has been a
bitter one. The ruling of the depart
ment of Justice has been followed in de
cisions of the courts Involving trade
mark rights, and finally the treasury
department directed the branding of
whiskey by Internal revenue authori
ties, in accordance with the pure food
tional meat Inspection law was pass
the packers put up a distinct meat prod
uct for sale In Kentucky. They had to
conform to tho plain label law and there
v,er some things about which tho truth
might not have been savory or appe
tizing. Worth Dakota to Front Bank.
North Dakota Is another state which
Is In tho van of tho pure food fight.
Professor K F. Indd, who Is presi
dent of tho pure food congress at Mack
inac. Is a believer In publicity as a cor
rective and deterrent agent. Ho has
obtained the passage of a state law
authorizing the publication of his anal
vses of food products In the newspapers
of the state, tho counties paying the
hills for publication. His power over
manufacturers of doubtful or question
able products has thus been greatly In
creased, for thev are willing to conform
to the strict letter of the law rather
than to risk a general expose of their
questionable methods.
Mr. Ladd is also lenJinpr a fight
RL-ainst bleached flour, a suhlect which
is dear to the heart of Dr. Wiley of the
fclrrtil pure fond forces. He declares
that cen If bleaching does r.ot Injure
the flour. Jn the Interest of trade hon
esty the lnbel ought to sav that It Is
bleached.
Dr. James IT. Shepard of North Da
kota Is another crusader. He declares
that the two grentest Instruments of
food fraud are Imitative colors and fla
vors, which are used to make imitative
nnd inferior articles resemble the gen
uine and superior. ITo is particularly
opposed to tho use of poisonous ana
line dyes.
Watered Sansofres.
Tn Michigan. Commissioner Bird has
been making a strong fight against
the use of potato starch In sausage. He
has figured It out that Michigan pnv
Sl.nnn.ODO a year for sausage. By us
in7 potato starch the ma nufacturers are
enabled to add 21 to Fhl per cent 'of j
water In weicrht and bulk to the prod
uct. Thus Mr. Bird declares that the
Michlganders pay $200,000 a year for
water In sausages, held there by the
use of potato starch.
Bo the story goes on through prac
tically all of the states. But after all.
it Is tho federal law nnd the federal
authorities from which the greatest ro-
der the trade mark regulations. The
pure food act announces the broad prin
ciple that manufacturers engaged in
Interstate commerce shall see to It
f.ii ' b fully that every article of food,
drink or drug Is exactly what tho label
nn the package represents It to be.
It Is not tho intention to split hairs
In defining labels, but as far as pos
sible the "'Kentucky policy" will be fol
lowed. The Kentucky pure food au
thorities did not ask a court what a
certain label meant. They asked the
Janitor of the building, a streetcar con
ductor or any man in the street. The
question Is not what tho manufacturer
says he means by his label, but what
tho consumer thinks the label means
when lie purchases the package at thn
grocery store.
If tlie Courts Don't Kill It.
The two years this law has been on
the statute books have not sufficed for
more than experimentation, and if It is
finally construed by the courts In con
sonance with its spirit, so as to permit
enforcement, it will have a powerful In
fluence upon business ethics of the
country. Although delays In construc
tion of the law ami tho necessary cau
tion of administration were Inevitable,
It Ih m fsct (hat no new law eirr had
a better sneclnl force at hand to- work
for Its enforcement.
There If Pr H. W. Wiley and his
corps nf chemical assistants with ex
perience nf 20 years In federal and state
work, at the head of things. Capable
nu-n from the state work flolds were
taken Into the government service and
placed In charge of the work in va
rious sections. This force of experts
Is at tho head of th pure food en
forcement. That undue haste Is not to J
Injure tne work Is proved bv the moth- '
eds used In the selection of Inspectors,
the men who are to do the actual field
work of ferreting out violations of the
law and obtaining evidence upon which
to base prosecutions.
Inspectors Who Will Inspect.
Two civil service examinations have
been held for inspectorships. Of the
2.300 applicants who took the exam
inations, not 100 passed, and so far only
35 have been appointed. These 35 are
headed hy W. Ci. Campbell, drafted from
the Kentucky food department, and Ar
thur Rtingle, a young druggist from
Philadelphia, as chief and assistant
chief or the force of inspectors. Thirty-
There Is too much graft In this
street improvement proposition and ws
propose to force an Investigation aven
If we have to take the matter Into the
courts," said George 1L Heaxan this
morning apropos of the discussion eon
cernlng the street improvements on
East Taylor street.
'Some time ngo the contract wu let
for tho Improvement of Taylor street
from Kast Thirty-fourth to Kast
Forty -fourth street." said Mr. Beazan
"While the work was being done some
or me property owners protested sev
eral times ugulnst the Kind of work
being done and the materials used,
but with no results. Before the work
was accepted by the council all the
property owners but one living- In the
Improved section filed a strong protest
against the acceptance but It was Ig
nored by the city council. The assess
ment notices were then sent to the
property owners and the Indignation
rose to boiling heat. The assossed
members claim that the charges are ex
orbitant even for good work, and that
different people have been charged dif
ferent prices."
This evening a meeting will be held
at the home of Mr. Beazan at 1100
East Taylor, In order to get the people
together in a concerted movement to
resist payment, and the Indignant resi
dents of the section assert that they
will resort to law if no agreement can
be reached.
Violated Contract.
Mr. Beaznn speaks In no compli
mentary terms of street paving com
panies and makes a wholesale charge
of graft.
We Intend to force the city to In
vestigate this case and maybe It will
load to the investigation of other
cases," he said. I have never before
seen such poor work anywhere. The
contract specified the exact kind of
work to be done. It called for the first
filling of rock to be not more than
three Inches, and as nearly as possi
ble two Inches, but it is rock anywhere
from two to nine Inches.
'The top coating of rock was to be
2V4 inches and this was to be covered
with gravel clean cut gravel. Instead
there Is only a top surfa.ee of clay
gravel and the under coating of rock
Is exposed through it. It seems never
to have been rolled or pressed down at
all. Instead of fho even, hard surface
called for the street has a rough, soft
surface that looks as if It had merely
been dumped off a wagon and spread
out and never had a roller on It.
"The street has been finished only
two weeks and there has been prac
tically no teaming on It and the little
has been light teaming, yet the top
surface is already worn through and
the rocks are sticking up. The Soft
tired buggies cannot go over It at all
and It Is all an automobile can do to get
over.
Work of Poorest Kind.
"At Thirty-ninth Btreet they have not
even leveled the street down to Taylor
and there is a distinct step up of sev-
I ernl inches n Automobile came along
there a few evenings ago and it was
I having such a hard time to get over the
newlv-paved street that tho driver was
speeding It up to get over the bumps
and not seeing this step he ran into
It and the four occupants "were all
thrown out over tha hood. The side
walks and curbing show no better work
artd are already cracking all around.
"The contract gave the entire cost
at $19,000. but in adding up the Indi
vidual assessments we find thoy
amount to $26,000. For mv frontage of
22 1-3 feet I was assessed $182.87,
while mv neighbor across the street
with e-xaotlv the same frontage, was as
sessed $167."
The Job was done hy Joplin & Gei
bish. contractors. At a preliminary
meeting last night a few In attend
ance snowed their unanimity for pro
test and tho larger meeting was called
tonight. They expect to reach some
definite decision and a warm time is
planned, for the residents as a body
have declared war.
riSsioV' stA bv- ;
Hlexan&er Hamilton.
NO man not even George Washington has left a more lasting Impression, upon
our higher laws and institutions than this romantic and handsome young Revo
lutionary General and Statesman, who died so tragically in a duel at the very
zenith of his fame.
Upon every clause of the Constitution of the United States his individuality is
indelibly stamped. Daniel Webster says of him: "He smote the rock of National re
sources and abundant streams of revenue gushed forth; he touched the dead corpse
of public credit and it sprung upon its feet."
He believed in protecting the brewing industry, and drank good beer all of his days.
REFERENCES: Appleton'i Encyclopedia; Bbouler'i ilijtory U. B.. p. 71. etc, Sumner's Life of Hamilton, p. 102.
o
Mm
diwceiisceff
The Natural Drink of America
In every glass is health; and what is health but efficiency and power? It comes to
your table a delicious sparkling food a wholesome malt beverage exhaling the aroma
of hop gardens and the fragrant scent of new mown northern barley fields.
The little alcohol in it promotes cheerfulness of iind which is the best of all
medicines. The Lupulin in the hops soothes the nerves a acts as a digestive tonic; while
the juice of the barley contains a high percentage of substantial nutriment.
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fiu'i'DMsnsi ff js .luiiawwsa
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Distributors)
Portland Ore
Hot
tl S4 li U BtJ Ci ta M PA H H
You can feel "fit as a lord" 8 to 10 decrees cooler, and enjoy
any kind of weather, on the following breakfast, luncheon or
supper, suggested by a famous food expert:
Some Fruit, preferably cooked,
Saucer of Qrape-Nuts, with good, rich cream
Soft-Boiied Eggs,
Some nice, crisp Toast,
Cup of Post urn,
made according to directions and served with a Uttle sugar
and good cream.
five Inspectors form hut a small frac
tion of the force needed for the work.
In view of this fact, Pr. Wiley has rec
ommended a close cooperation between
tlie state and federal food authorities.
His plan Is to arrange affairs so that
violations of the law discovered by
state Inspectors may be taken up and
prosecuted In the federal courts tn all
cases where thn product has been In
volved In Interstate commerce.
"Interests" Block the Wheels.
There Is friction, as was Inevitable.
In the force which Is administering
the food laws. The board of food and
druR Inspect Ion, appointed by the sec
retary of sericulture, has authority to
construe all cases arising under the
act This board Is composed of Dr.
Wiley. Dr. F. W. Punlap and Solicitor
i McOabe. Dr. Wiley believes In re-
i solving every doubt in favor of the con
I sumer. The other members of the board
I freouentlv out-vote him and more than
once have prevented taking; a question
to the courts in which Dr. Wilev and
the other pure food experts believed
there was merit. There have been
charges and count er-cnat'Res concern
ing affairs 1n this board and until this
source or rri' tion is removed mere is ,
considerable doubt about a general en- j
forcement of the lav. Pure food au-
thorities of th states are a unit In !
supporting Dr. Wilev's position, but he
has the forces or conservatism an well
as those of the opponents of the en
forcement of the law against him.
FATHER VILLA
III m CHARGE
father Anthony Octavius Villa, S. J.,
arrived this morning to take over his
new charge, St. Michael's church, at
Fourth and Mill streets. He has been
Instructor the past year at Santa Clara
college and this Is his first pastoral
Father Villa Is of the Society of Jesus,
commonly known as Jesuits, whioh
does not ordain Its members for the
ministry until they have reached the
age of 33 or 34. In the meanwhile they
are flven all opportunity for study.
Father Villa was graduated first from
I'ledmont college In northern Italy In
188 S. Te was then sent to St. Louis
university for three years and then to
Montreal, Canada, at the College of the
Immaculate Conception, for four years.
Then he tauKht at St. Ignatius' college
fn San Francisco for three years, and
was then sent to St. Andrew's college
on the Hudson. In New York, for special;
work for a year. He then took a chair I
at Santa Clara college for a year. His
major has bean philosophy and econom
ics, but he Is also a versatile linguist.
He speaks with equal ease French, Ital
ian, English. German. Spanish. Portu
guese and Slavonian, and besides Is well
versed In the classic languages.
St. Michael's church feels that it has
secured a strong man In Father Villa.
He is an earnest worker and Is deeply
Interested In his own people.
low Bates to Chicago.
Extremely low round trlD rates tn
Chicago and other eastern points on
sale August 6 and 7 via the Chicago
& Northwestern line. For full Informa
tion apply to R. V. Holder. General
Agent, 122-B Third street
CONCERT TONIGHT
II0LLAPAY FA UK
That's enousrh to run vou until
noon.
Qra pe - Nuts food is made of selected parts nf Wheat and
Barley, retaining the Phosphate of Potash grown in these
grains by Nature for rebuilding the brain and nerve centers.
PI? De Caprlos band will play at
Holliday Tark this evening, the concert
to hepln at 8 o'clock. Following Is the
program: March (Mascagnl): overture.
Akxanuro Mraoella (Flowtow); en
tr'nr'.p et valse Coppella (Dellhes); par
aphrase, "Annie I.aurle" 'Itennettl; se-l-.tion.
"The Idol's Kye" 'Herbert);
"ljusrtette of the Rises " tPe Caprlo;
Mr. Coomer. cornet: Mr Talt. trombone:
Sljrnr Pe Nobll. baritone, Signor
l arei;. basso; waits. "I'nder the Rose"
ilUnnkei; selection. "The Daughter of
the Regiment" (Donizetti . saxaphone
nn, "In the Dear Home" dlrel !ngcr .
Mr Adrian, march, "Capital City" (J.
Krc er).
A-f Nil O Tl UHOCS
irar
dellfs
I here's a Reason" for
Qr
peNmts
Huildlng Permits.
Adam Obrrmlilar ereet dwelling East
Seventh between Shaver and Fa I II n sr.
J3. :('i: T. M. Hallar. erect dwelling.
Schuvler between Kast Twenty-first
nnd F.ast Twentv-secnnd. I'.om. W. u ;
Schmidt erect dwelling. Hilsey bet wn 1
Kast Twnt v-second nd Kat Twenty-fo-irth.
It.". A. KWmsn. erect dwel
lirT. Ash between F.it Twmt v-elhth
end East Twent v-nlnth. Jl . N'adl
Swet. erect dweMir.r. Ksst Twpntr.s.. i
ond between Pine rd Asii. 11,700; Mi 1. I
Neas erect dwelllnr. I'nlon and Col-I
fa, f.nno W. M!!Hrn. er-t dwel-i
llrg Et FleTnth between Alberts ami
MHdred. $V0O. Methodist Eh.t-ppi
rMi- h --t dw.lltng VsrdrrbUt be
Ici Klske and ;ie. $2.4"0
PERKINS AT HEAD OF
NAVAL COMMITTEE
fruit rra ImH WTr.)
Washington. r C. 4u I As r
rult of the ieth of Hntor Alllma f
Iwwa, Senator Perkins cf California 1U
b ad vncd to th chairmanship of trie
committee naraj affairs. Sst to
F-rvatn Hale, tbt California tnatof s
th rarklrg tamtbmr f that mmmlttM
rd aa Hale ta the ranktra; nemkrr ef
the cmmH t- on arrmrrtotjira he rti
I called trn te taxe AU)n'a 1a
Cocoay
is a food drink for young and old that
pleases the palate strengthens the body
builds up the nerves quickens the
mind. It instills qualities in young and
old which produce perfect contentment
and perfect health and allows one to give
A Smile All the While
Ghirardelli's Cocoa is a standard com
bination of the cocoa bean. It is made
with painstaking care and after 50 years
of manufacture stands to-day a perfect
product.
30 cups of a delicious drink 25c