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THE JOURNAL
AS rNDEI'ENDKNT JSBWSPAPER.
C. 8. JACKSON.,
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For modes of faith let grace
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His can't bo '-wrong whose
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, . Pope. -
iaaAaiiaaaiaaaaaa)aati,
CORPORATIOXS AND THE XAW.
F THE American people give
J President Roosevelt credit for all
the good he has done as a public
official, they will credit him with
a good deal. He has stirred up the
American conscience, and awakaned
the American 'people to the necessity
of higher civic ideals, as no other
president ever did. , la this his ac
tions have not always been consis
tent;, he has made . inexplicable
"breaks"; nevertheless the general
statement, remains; true, and ; the
value of that service Is great beyond
estimation. .
But recognizing this, it does not
follow that we must or should ac
cept as true all the extravagantly
laudatory;- statements that are made
About the accomplishments of .the
Roosevelt administration. When ex
amined closely we find that specific
results, in the matter of the trusts,
of the railroads, of law-breaking cor
porations, of "malefactors of great
wealth" of corruption and bosslsm
in politics, have been small, as mice
to mountains iu comparison with the
claims made. ?
Mr., Littlefield, who recently re
signed his seat as a member of con
gress from Maine, in order pi accept
a large salary as a railroad attorney,
showed in a recent speech that the
anti-trust and similar laws had not
been enforced to any great extent.
Llttlefleld is a thorough corporation
man, and has never had any sym
pathy with the "Roosevelt policies,'
or any reformatory measures or, ac
tions, and he does not believe that
such laws can be enforced; he thinks
them mere political hot-air, and
scoffs at all attempts to control or
regulate railroads and other corpora
tions, so he would naturally take this
tone; yet when be tells the truth
about the record "t we have to ac
knowledge it. ' Facts are facts, inde
pendent of the source of their state
ment. Alluding to the Republican
platform's self-congratulation on the
enforcement of the laws, Littlefield
showed that the Jaws alluded to had
rot been enforced except in a yery
small degree, and said that "it would
seem that proclamation and not per
formance constitute enforcement of
the law." Since September 14, 1901,
when Roosevelt : became president,
Littlefield said, but seven convictions
had been secured under the Sherman
anti-trust law, and he sneeringly re
marked, "the extent to which the
wicked have gone unwhipped of Jus
tice borders on the grotesque."
Littlefield believes that all these
attempts to enforce the laws against
the big corporations and combined
capitalists are doomed - to failure,
and that the claims that such laws
are enforced are mere buncombe,
and it must be confessed that there
ia not much in the record so far to
contradict Mm. Some heavy fines
have been imposed, and we believe
in a case or two some fines have
teen paid, but that the unlawful
practices have been stopped nobody
has evidence to believe. Moreover,
with Roosevelt out of the White
House, there is no ground for sup
position that much if any further ef
forts will be made- in this directions
by a Republican congress or a Re
publican president. Taft will no
doubt do what he thinks he reason
nbly and practically can in this dl
i f"t:on,, but since Roosevelt with all
5; la strensrth ; and courage and insia
: and popular backing could do
ir.Ue, may Taft not ask himself,
What's the 'raw"" and conclude,
with Littlefield, that the railroads
and other big corporations are above
the law? ' .p. .
Here arises a great "issue,'' and
JC'wlll be, If it ia not so already, the
j.araniount issue: Are these cor
porations and combinations, above
all laws passed for their restraint or
re gulation ? Are they greater than
ill the rest of the people? : Are the
people abjectly to , surrender to
them? And if not, what must the
people do to make, themselves su
perior in actual and not merely -as
sumed and boasted power to these
corporations? ; They have seen that
clecting'a president of the right sort,
ia the niaia, will. not accomplish" the
desired result. Electing. Bryan will
fckme accomplish little or nothing.
"Wrnt is necessary is to elect a ma
jority ia both houses of congress of
i;ien like Eryan and La Folletto and
VoVs. and Camming, -and 'then .get
1 wl.ros ou the bench who will' uphold
square deal" in this respect until it
has not only a square' deal president,
but' a square deal congress and
square deal courts, and ' whether
their political name la Republican or
Democrat is immaterial. Y' y ' .
THE XATCRE OF PUBLIC
SERVICE. '
T
HE story goes that one of the
late Grover Cleveland's first
official acts after being elect
ed mayor of Buffalo was to
veto an Improvement ordinance In
which therewas a. big graft, .the
i.u.ict ueutMiuianes oi wnicn wouia
have been some of his particular per
sonal and political friends; and that
when remonstrated with on that ac
count he replied; "Public office is a
public trust."
This expression was probably not
original with Mr. Cleveland, but that
is immaterial, so long as that was
the axiom by which he guided his
official career. The office he held
was not conferred upon him by the
people, and they did not pay him for
his services, to use it for his own
or his friends' especial benefit, but
for the benef of the whole people
impartially.
': Though he made mistakes, this
was no doubt Grover Cleveland's
conception of public servlcet and it is
that fortunately, of ;many, but un
fortunately not that of many others.
, The nature -of a puBlie office Is
something that every aspirant and
candidate for, and every: one elected
to an office should seek thoroughly
to understand. -It ia'a public trust."
that is, it is a, responsible position of
honor as well as of salary, in which
the people trust certain men to serve
them well, to do them good, to watch
and guard their Interests, to be their
friendB and protectors. Vbe true of
ficial, though he may be properly
ambitious to rise higher, or to con
tinue in his position, will subordin
ate the interests of self and friends
to those of the whole people, for they
not only pay him, but have honored
and trusted him.
And it is a fine thing to do good
to the people, a great many people,
Even if they do not know and appre
ciate it fully, it must be a great
and constant reward to the right kind
of man to know that he is doing this,
to feel that he is true to his public
trust, ' .; i."
Many officials can do littlev more
than perform their routine duties
capably and faithfully; many others
can do a good deal more than this
to serve and benefit the people. Such
are most executive officers'presi
dent, governors, district attorneys,
mayors, and in some cases sheriffs
Such are all leaders In , legislative
bodies. Such also ou many occasions
are county commissioners and coun-
cilmen, and it may be auditors. And
such are all Judges.
A public trust working for, serv
ing, benefitting, helping the people,
not merely to earn the salaries they
Day. but to repay them by seeking to
ease their burdens and Better tneir
condition for the honor they haye
conferred, the trust they have re
posed thia is the proper conception
of a public office. And it is this sort
of men whom the people must seek
out to put into office, nore and
more.
cases ought to he settled without so
much trouble and expense?. Why
could not the system be modified so
that they could be finally determined
injustices courts, with a Jufy of six
or less, or with even leas Judicial
ceremony? ; ;'.';V: S:Y
The fact is that In respect of our
judicial system we adhere to many
useless, expensive annoying and
wearisome customs,' and maintain
laws and methods that ought long
ago to have become obsolete or been
changed, merely because from gen
eratron to generation we have been
taTrghtvSand have . believed without
thought and as a matter of course,
that there was something sacred
about them, that it would be sacrl
Uglous or in some way dangerous to
change them: Hence, while we have
progressed much i"n other ways, we
have stood still at this point; our
court procedure has become an
achronous;, it is not up with the
times. ' ' . ,'-
Why should it take a jury of 12
in all case's in all above Justices'
courts? And why must a verdict'in
all cases be unanimous? There iff no
good reason for either of these laws;
only long custom has led people to
suppose thoughtlessly that they were
right and necessary
An immense amount of expense
and trouble could be saved by reduc
ing the number of Jurors, and provid
ing that a certain majority should
decide. And in petty dog and calf
cases and the like, some simple,
cheap and prompt way of , decision
should be devised, and there should
be no appeal. : ; ; . v
MORE POLITICAL SILLINESS.
0'
HE HAD TO TALK.
TJR Irrepressible president could
not entirely contain and re
strain himself, even at a fu
neral. The sensible arrange
ments for the funeral of the late
Grover Cleveland did not admit of
any sermons, eulogies, or otner
speeches, as a regular part of the
ceremonies, which were tastefully of
the simplest and briefest kind, but
the president, not to be repressed
entirely, gathered the 1. ex-members
of Cleveland's cabinet wbo'were pres
ent into a room, and locking the door
on them delivered to them & most
eloquent and impressive discourse.
Like the wedding guests stopped by
the Ancient Mariner, they were com
pelled to listen. We have no doubt
that the president ' made a good
speech, but the incident, notwith
standing its surroundings, had some
thing of the ludicrous and grotesque
in it. These old men, prominent
through many years, who were ac
tive in affairs when Roosevelt was a
mere boy, some of them old enough
to be his father, may have thought
he was assuming a little too much in
lecturing them outside the program,
but of course could not on such an
occasion, make any resistance, f The
preacher-president had them "dead-to-rights,"
and they were obliged si
lently to make the hest of It. . II was
not proper, to smile there and then,
but one can imagine these eminent
old men smiling and reflecting after
ward, though perhaps not verj pleas
antly, at the Incident, ? . - : -
a PORTLAND newspaper ; that
A professes, apparently - with
jH truthfulness, to be all at sea
-pouucaiiy, sayB:
"A Roosevelt Democrat or Repub
lican is a Taft Democrat or Repub
lican. For Taffis Roosevelt's can-
dldate. Now since Oovetnor Cham
berlain was . for Roosevelt, why
shouldn't he be also for Taft?"
But perhaps Governor ' Chamber
lain, having a good deal' of expe
rlence in politics, will prefer to wait
and see whether the policies of Taft,
if he should be elected, will be the
policies of Roosevelt, and if so to
what extent, Mr. Chamberlain has
said that as senator he would sup
port in general the Roosevelt pol
icies. He can be depended upon to
do this,. and that is sufficient for the
people who believe in those policies,
and who elected Chamberlain.
It is certain that Bryan if elected
will stand for the Roosevelt policies,
and somewhat more, but it is not so
certain how Mr. Taft If elected will
stand. President Roosevelt ' can
speak for himself, but he cannot
surely speak for another man. Be
cause A believes In B, and C believes
in A, it doesn't always follow that C
must believe in B, even on A's sayso.
This talk that because Chamber
lain is for the Roosevelt policies he
must therefor support Taft will pass
very well for a bit of political face-
tiousness, but to be reiterated as a
serious proposition Is as silly as was
the persistent call from the same
quarter after the primaries that
Chamberlain ebould withdraw.
The governor has never pretended
that he was a Republican; he has
only professed that as a Democrat he
agreed with and would support the
Roosevelt policies. This is all that
the people care about. '
of money ' is the shilling and the
mark, cannot" compete, with Euro
pean manufactures. - The tariffs es
tablished by the McKlnley bill and
those of many years standing, con
tribute to - the detriment of ; North
American commerce with these conn
tries,, and ot the consumers of our
products of which the exportation to
Europe is enormous and1, which,
thanks to the free English andGer
man " exchange, constantly aug
ments. "
"The .realization of the Panama
canal will cure many of these ills
the tariff reforms now promised by
the. congress of the great republic,
as indicated by the executive will be
the supplement. The policy of the
statesmen of Washington will de
velop advanced evolution .towards
the Latin-American states, and there
will be born new courses of diplom
acy at the White House on which Eu
rope cannot improve. lIn jreturn the
United States will multiply its wealth
by means ot the canal, In establish
lng economic ; harmonies with-; the
South American nations. - The canal
is the gold key to open the immense
coffers of riches. Diplomacy, affec
tionate consideration, learning the
modes and languages of the repub
lies of the Bbuth. the secret. The
development of these , facts will give
a value to the products or tae norm
which today they have not, nor ever
will have, with single attention . to
the superior quality of productions
Thus it is not North America, which
imposes conditions In' the Pan-Amer
ican-policy' rv-?r-, ; .v-
:i OREGON IN THE PUBLIC EYE
.
1 1 Small Change
The end-seat hour Is happy at last
a ' '-
Tomorrow O, how dry it will be In
many Oregon towns. -
TRADE WITH SOUTH AMERICA.
K
ANCIENT JUDICIAL MILLS.
-:""'.--' ?".f ', -'l.T-r..,:
lati Uwt fucji. a' congrcaaj-ffr-'ill
i . t . ;ry w '.'A eot g t
' i CIRCUIT court Judge, 12 jurors,
A ; and several lawyers were oc-
cupled most of , two or three
days during the past week trying-
a case involving the ownership
of a Splti dog,' whose value, in1 the
estimation of the general public.
would Tun from 3(1 centa down to a
minus j quantity; Over In Klamath
county two people have spent sev
eral hundred dollars each and scores
have!" been inconvenienced,' over ' a
calf valued 'at 10. ;; Such instances
are numerous. .
We are frequently adjured tq have
great respect forOur system of laws
and Judicial procedure, and in the
main we do, but would It be 'near
treason 'to suggest (hat such petty
.. ' I , ...
ONE of our government agents
have been more; persistently
active In effort to excite trade
with the republics south of us
than the American consuls in those
ports. In this they have faithfully
seconded the .national adminlstra
tions, which have even established a
bureau aud are now building a'pal
ace in Washington devoted to stim
ulatlng closer -fraternal intercourse
and more perfect understanding with
our nearest neighbors and have long
ago demanded of all thepowers of
the earth to keep hands off our 16
southern sisters.
Notwithstanding these significant
facts our trade with Latin America
bears no comparison with that of
Germany and England with whom
the people of those republics are cul
tivating, most friendly " relations,
while European subjects miss no op
portunity to plant and cultivate sen
timents of jealousy and suspicion of
the designs of the "great republic of
the north," as N they are pleased to
call lis.
A writer in La Tribuna of Buenos
Aires reviews this subject with such
intelligent appreciation of the con
ditions that he may .well be recog
nized a consul or native merchant,
striving for northerntrade. He
tells us a lot of truth and his state
ment is worth mor to the .Pacific
coast than to the great commercial
metropolis from which he writes, as
follows: "It Is true, that for many
years the statesmen of North Amer
ica have been preoccupied with the
difficult problem of rivaling the ex
porters of Europe in the markets of
South America; Ecuador, Peru, Bo
livia, Chile, In the Pacific; Brazil,
Uruguay, Paraguay and Argentina
in the Atlantic; problems of exporta
tion and importation. The products
ot the United States, for reasons easy
to recognise,1 among others, the high
cost of freights, the distances which
geographic anomalies establish, with
the principal cour.tries of this conti
nent; the, high wages paid operatives
for production no better tha a the
English and German, where the unit
TCvnrvhndv ia clad that those water
fountains, wera erected.
a .
Th aea arlves everybody a cool recep
tion, yet naa many irienas.
Mart does are another thin never.
hear4 of in good old Oregon,
a
If the seaBon is jrolnp; to even up It
Will be hot enougn ior you yet.
Now will that new weed ordinance
be enforced? It ought to be.
Half the year gone and some people
have done nottimn mucn yeu
A Roosevelt Democrat and a Bryan
Republican are a good deal aiiKe.
The president ays he has $ad
"corking time." Bo have the trusts,
a a
It may soon fce time to give the an
nual advice aDout now to Keep cooi,
Probably a lot of people will rather
like being dry after they get used to it
"Now., who was Jonathan Bourne?'
asks tha Buffalo Times, When, in 1896T
How much are you going to do this
vear to make Portland the City Beautl
fulT
a
It Im suDbosed that' there will be i
good deal of dry humor in prohibition
towns. i
a
Who are going to be fooled if Taft
is elected, tbe Rooseveltlans or the in
terests 7
a .
Do the Roosevelt policies include the
election or boss cox or Cincinnati to
the senateT
a a ;
You can take your vacation whenever
you're ready; there is some prospect of
summer weather.
a a .
The trusts are raising prices some
more, nrobably not so much for fines
as ior campaign funds.
a
But it is not everybody who can bluff
Judge Grltzmacher into turning him
loose there Is no use In an Impecunious
stranger trying u.
Oregon Sidelights
L. E. Blaln of Hbanv has lived there
continuously for 60 years.
a a faV
Woodburn wants a new county, and
suggests Matimeu as its name.
a
Phoenix has been visited lately by a
uear ana a panmer; nouoay Kuiea.
a
Albany is crowing because It has 26
automobiles, one mure than Eugene.
. a a
Cottage Grove is plannlne; to levy a
tax to pay off its debt; does not want
tne saioons oacK. .
a a
Bears are more numerous In tho
mountains than for some years past,
Bays ins luiiuaia fans lieraia.
r-'
. A well of" arteslnn water has been
struck near North Powder, and people
up there are greatly elated thereat,
a a
A $20,000 business building, a $6,000
hotel, a J25.00O college building, and a
$30,000. school build In u for the district,
are among the improvements soon to be
mad in Milton.
.... - - --- a .
, Albany Democrat: The papers ' in
Douglas and Yamhill counties claim to
hsve the best counties in the state, but
Linn is better . than either. Really this
is a great -iniley and all parts ot It
can't be beaten.
-. , a
La Grande Is better situated for the
accommodation of large gatherings of
people than any other locality in the
Interior of the northwest, says thJStar.
This l because of the construction of
the Mormon tabernacle.
. - -. ;i a a " ' '
.Ea?tr'Iel0nian: Pendleton uses
about 5,000 brooms every year and
every one of them is manufactured
either in Kansas, Missouri or Nebraska
and shipped half way across the conti
nent. Limatilla county alone could pro
duce enough broom corn and Pendleton
could manufacture enough brooms to
supply half of Oregon. It is simply a
matter of getting started into a new
business.- It is a matter of getting out
of a rue
Adrian II. Joline's Birthday.
. Adrian H. Jollne, president of : the
SJit8 iia2,si oa,nd Texas .railroad.
" VV,. puiB, . June 3U,
1850. His education was received at
Princeton university ; and at the Co
lumbia Law school. After graduating
from the latter Institution in 1872. hi
was admitted to the bar and began the
practice of law in New York citv? His
iaw.lIrm becam one of the best known
in the metropolis and before he was
0 years of age Mr. Jollne had be
come eminent in his chosen profession.
H. !? C?f manJp years senior counsel
of the Missouri, Kansas and Texns
railroad and two years ago he became
chairman of th board of directors! A
few. months later he wa, elected presi
dent of the company, to- succeed F. N
Finney. - Though his career has been a
busy one Mr. Jollne has found time to
cultlvstfv. lU.ratur and has written
several books. - , - , -
- Eastern newspapers continue to comment "on the "Political Situa
tion in Oregon"; on the "Oregon Plan," "Results in Oregon," ."Oregon's
Senator," "Senatorial Paradox la Oregon, and many kindred subjects:
, . Political Situation in Oregon.
From the nansrnr VXrotnal Tslawa.
1 Today the Republican leglslaters of
Oregon are eonirontod with the neces
sity of sending a, Democrat to the
federal senate to represent a Republi
can state. Many regard the situation
as anomalous, and there Is talk of dis
regarding the advisory popular vote, -Such
talk, under the circumstances
existing in Oregon, should be frowned
down as .disgraceful and immoral In
the first place, there were only two
candidates before the people, . party
primaries having weeded out other
aspirants. Mr. Cake had beaten Bon
ator , Fulton in a Republican primary
and ran against Chamberlain as the
only Republican candidate. This is a
very different situation from one in
wwen the candidate of on party, hav
ing no opposition - within his party,
receives more votes than any one oi
several candidates In the rival party
mat Happens to re spilt up into tac
tions. Chamberlain, Is the final choice
of a majority of all the voters, and
his victory la due - to Republican and
independent votes. . .
In. the second place, a majority of
the legislators just . elected ' in Oregon
are definitely nledared to resDect and
obediehc to th popular vote on the
senatorship. If Chamberlain is to be
defeated' after all. some of these
pledged legislators must repudiate their
voluntary and solemn promise, write
themselves down betrayers and liars.
It is too late to raise the question of
"legal" rights; the moral question
has superseded it.. The constitutional
right and. duty, of Atae legislature was
miuwn iMii. men ,.wno siarnea ina
pledga: and to -nlead thai thev did not
expect the Democrat to win would b
But the Oregon situation offers the
most striking argument we have yet
had of the need of ah amendment for
me mreet election of federal senator.
Shifts and Ingenious devices to curcum-
vent . an antiquated provision : can
never give entire satisfaction..
'. ' The Oregon Plan. ;
From the Bait Lake Herald. ,
Governor Oeorae KL' f!hamhrlain Mr.
rled the state of Oregon as the people's
choice for senator and iHe Webfoot
Jtepubliean party will hav no . real
cause of comolalnt. Henrv M. Cake.
who ran as. the Republican nominee for
senator against Governor Chamberlain,
Is an admirable gentleman , who is one
or f onianu a leading lawyerSii-CMrtswe
of hhr profession he la unknown. In it
his tandlng is high. Judge Cake, un
der .normal conditions. Would never
have been selected aa a candidate bv
the leaders of the Republican party of
Oregon. Party need" require a man
of higher ideals-than Senator Fulton,
and Cake was selected to beat him In
the Republican Drlmaries for the party
nomination for senator. Judge Cake
was able to do this with seem I nor ease.
though the old gang made a desperate
fight for the retention of Fulton..
In Oregon the people this year vote
direct for senator under a provision of
the last legislature known locally as
statement no. l." This statement, to
which a large number of candidates for
tho lea-l stature have announced alleg
iance, carries with it a promise on the
part or tne legislator, ir elected, to
vote for tbe candidate for United States
senator who receives the largest popu
lar vote at the polls In regular elec
tion; In other words, the aspirant for
senatorial honors is flrt chosen, by
the neoola and then confirmed bv the
legislature. Whether "Statement No.
learlslatora) will predominate at the
coming session of the-legislature is a
Question which may not be determined
until the last vot la counted. Tf they
do predominate and they probably will
the Republican legislature of Oregon
will be morally obligated to elect
Democrat as United- States senator,
Result in Oregon.
From the Lowell, Mass., Citizen.
The curious situation exlxtlner in ih
state of Oregon is. a direct result of the.
novel system there prevailing for the
nomination of senators. A primary elec
tion, af which the puftltc voice is ex
pressed, has resulted in favor of Cham
berlain, a Democrat. The final elec
tion of the senator, however, la neces
sarily by the state legislature, which
Is Republican. Now the legislature Is
In no wav les-allv hound tn n hrl
to the public Pronouncement in Chnm-1
Marram ss lavor, oi course. its runc
tlons as a source of choice for United
States senators are fixed bv the federal
constitution, and the tat cannot mod-
iry those. But morally the legislature
Is bound, to at In ita federal functions
as the people of the state have iust
indicated their wish that it should act
and the question at stake la whether or
not this will be done. Th spectacle of
Republican legislature deliberately
cheesing a Democratic senator .would be
a novel onex. ,-It would be. ln'nraattcal
effect, a popular nomination and elec
tion In the disguise of a legislative
election,-. In short, the constitutional
method would be observed In name only,
and the legislature would, to all intents
nor purposes, merely be a passive con
ult nine. It would certainlv elnct. In
the strict legal, sense but without free
will of its own. 'The real electing would
be done by the dictating' forte the pub
lic nt large. . .
Uf course the Pressure fifTThe leeMx.
lature to set aside the recent pleblsoi--turn
nnd act on Its own InltiativA win
be tremendous fer the desirability of
keeDinar the anna rnrshln in the DartV is
great. But It is questionable whether
the legislature will dare do it; It may
do it legally enough, but will it venture
to take any course so dangerousT There
has not been a more striking test ot
the nower of. rkiir.Ha oninlon. and .on
the" outcome of it will rest much of
importance. ' Doubtless this particular
contretemps was not in coniempianuu
when the Oregon , system was devised.
It might easily have been foreseen that
a Republican legislature be confronted
with a choice between several . Repub
licans, one ot whom should present the
compelling . weight of evidence in the
form of a public - endorsement; but to
find a Republican legislature practically
tied hand and foot and bound to elect
one particular Democrat was hardly the
expectation, what win Oregon ao witn
it? Will she, aa often happens, set
asid a good general custom because
of a "bad" particular:, instance? That
is never wise. Lowell, aa we recall, did
this once in relation to her own char
ter and regretted it ever after. Will
Oregon take her medicine, and regard it
as an in tn day a work? we nope so
cost what it may -Th political cost Is
doubtless great, but the safeguard
against corrupting influences thus se
cured ia worth keeping, and there has
Deen some very uncomrortaDl criticism
of some previous Oregon - statesmen
chosen - under greater legislative free
dom. When one has erected a system
that seems generally wise and generally
calculated to work a benefit, it is, as a
rule, foolish to upst it merely because
oi a temporary political disaster, ; ,
Senator by Popular Election.
From the Richmond. ' Va.: Dispatch
. There is real Interest in. the election
of Governor Qeorge E. Chamberlain as
a United States senator In Oregon. Mr.
Chamberlain was - born in Mississippi
and got his final education at Wash
ington and Lee, In this state. Four
years' after he arrived - in -Oregon the
people sent him to the . legislature.
This was In 1880, when he was 26 years
oia. sine men many orricea nave
ought him in hs chosen state, Inclu4
lng those of attorney-general and gov
ernor. . . --
. Governor. Chamberlain - aonears to
have won much the same personal pop
ularity m Oregon tnat uovernor jonn'
son enaovs . in Minnesota. Both are
Democratic governors of Republican
states.. In 1804. when Oresron sent
Chamberlain to the state house. It gave
Kooseveit a plurality or nearly ts.ooo
votes. But ' the ; legislature of . Orearon
remains preponderatingly Republican,
and no Democrat could reach the sen
ate from that "state were it not for its
adoption of the senatorial " primary, or
aireci vote pian. ' 's "
'me' function or a 'legislature in re
gard to candidates for the senate is.
of course. Constitutional, but the. aim
of the primary election is to reduce It
to a mere act of formal ratification.
Therefore, men who offer themselves
for the legislature must state whether
or not' they pledge themselves to sup
port the popular nominee, and voters
may c noose among tnem aecoraingiv,
A decisive majority of the new Ore
gon legislature are ' under pledge to
abide by the choice -of the . primary elec
lion.
The spectacle of an almost solidly
Republican legislature meeting to name
a Democrat to the United States sen
ate will be more or less inspiring. It
should be something of a Jolt fur "or
ganlsatlon" bosslam and machln
work. The people of Oregon wanted
to send George E. Chamberlain to
Washington to replace Hon. Charges
W. Fulton, hut the inherited powers
of the legislature would have made
an impossible barrier to that end with
out tne aid or tne oirect vote and tne
pledge. Could any other method -have
withstood the overwneiminar Keou oil
can pressure In that state? Does not
the conjunction of the people and the
polls lie, after all. st the very root of
true representative government?
Senatorial Paradox in Oregon.
From the New York Churchman.
Oregon, which is experimenting In
several ways to secure a more direct
voice of the people in elections, asked
candidates for tbe legislature at the
late election to state whether they
would hold themselves bound to vote
for the candidate for the federal sen
ate who should receive a popular ma
jority at the primaries. Most of the
candidates agreed to this. Th result
was that a state legislature overwhelm
ingly Republican finds its majority
pledged to vote for a Democrat, tho
present governor, Mr. Chamberlain,
whose "personal popularity had already
three times transcended party sl
leglanca among the voters of Oregon.
It is a curious situation to have arisen
so early under the direct primary law,
to which Oreson tiaa of late been point
ing with complacent pride when other
states have been threatened with sen
atorial deadlock. Such Independence as
tne voters or ore pro n nave srtnwn is a
good example. The east Is much less
democratic than the west In these mat
ters, much more under the dominance
of. the professional politicians and th
machine. The movement for populsr
mancipation has as yet aroused but
ittle general interest In New York,
whose senatorial representation has be
come a f byword. In South Carolina
The.; Charleston News and Courier has
recently admitted that direct primaries
would probably change not merely th
persons out tne party-or its senators.
lhcREAUl - I
ytFEMMNE
T
Are Yon a PbilonoUst.
HE child has but one center pt
zection and that la his horns.
torn people, the home pets, the
bom associations, ar to him th
- - center of th universe and th
whol boundary of his , emotions. . Ths
adult, however, broadens his spher of
interes t- and feels the same thrill ot
emotion at the nam of hit country
tha .aoes at the nam of home.
mere i an Increasing consciousness
among the most thoughtful people that
these two should not compass his whole
if0Citi2: hl Iove tr his city
Sh5ul1 k,eJ Paca wlth hiB development
ft,o.!,5ou ? hs a large a part of his
EmmIk llf .as his home was ol his
childish emotions. . .
clvo righteousness. Civic ride. Clvlo
duty. They are phrases which, have a
new meaning and a new hold upon th
??1cli1??n ln the"e days. For ther
1 i vi.ot.that w cannot get away from,
and that Is that the ton er atmos
' th city is such as iu cltt
sens make it. o . "
Women have an ver" widening ' in
fluence in, clvlo matters and to all
who love their city its problems are
or moment. Jjor all women who. would
ravi' mXtL Interest in Portland aa
their home city, who love its matchless
"""" woo ieei .a pride in it ad-
vancement and i. who fflnv.sith
f.ndt.a.rm3t lonSTing for th time whe.V
it snail b more fully a city of breadthV
ana J'Knt, no longer a safe hiding place
for .thieves and -murderers, no longer
f1.? i.aeP" ? vice and Iniquity,
the little book called "The Phllopollst''
by Charles Goes shows forth many of
th duties of the lover of Tils own
city and for m. na,m fn thim inHi,.M.,i
n5, coins th word which is the title
lover ' a P0118 ty, or city
"If we women think of our city
our larger home, realising that its
formative influence Upon our boys and
girls is less Important only than the
. m? Jn hich they are nurtured, we
shall have a closer Interest in the great
questions which affect our city.
There was never a time when women,
the country over. War so much Inter
ested in matters outside their own
homes as today. And not "because they
feel the horn influence wsnlnr nr k..
cause t they would minimise ,lt in any
way, but because they have found out
tnat women cannot rear children right
ly until the citv influence hMri nut tha
home Influence. ' ,
Women have a duty 'which all good
cltijsens must feel, of making' the city
a safe place in waJch to ruisa the nin
and women of the future. 'Woihen'S
clubs, mothers' a.n.1 teacher' r,irriu
and all th earnest associations of wo-
men. are exerting an influence- upon
civic matters, to suoh. a degre that
legislation Is very much affected by
their thought
Are .We riolnar all we r-nn fnr Pnrt.
land? Does Bhe need anything that
the Influence of good women can bring
about? Let us look a little more close
ly into these questions and find out. -
' t ft st "r'7F'---
Taper Milk Bqttles. ;
TURB milk, not only drawn from
r healthy cows on the farm, but de-
theV
Letters From tHe People
J. H. Haley Makes Protest.
Pendleton, Or., June 27. To the Edi
tor of The Journal It -had been my set
tled intention and policy to make no
reply to anything that might appear
either in The Journal or any other pa
per, in regard to the recent Umatilla
Indictments until the trial of the case,
but since in your Issue of June 26 you
publish a photograph of the so-called
Haley-Crow cabins, and your caption
(hereunder is so manifestly unjust ana.
untrue and was. amarently mode ror tne
express purpose of creating a prejudice
ln the minds of the public against the
persons indicted, that I trust you , will
have ihe fairness to say , for me and
over my signature, thut. neither of these
cabins referred to was built or con
structed until about, a year, .or. mor
after each and every one of the alleged
illegal filings were mane, anaaoout a
year after -the, only' affidavit required
law had peea filed ln th land oirice
La Grande, and were - not built for
any purpose, or. use in connection with
the entry of said lands, or any of them.
And I -desire to say further that not a
single one of the applicants. In their ap
plications to purchase or their affida
vits to purchase, claimed to have any
cabins or - other improvements upon
their lands. These cabins are not situ
ated or located upon any of the lands ln
controversy and no one connected with
these alleged lana irauns has ever re
sided, or claimed to reside, in either of
them to my knowledge. . The cabins are
not located on McKay creek, but are
located at a large spring on the top of
the mountain and at a sreneral camping
place for all persons who go that wav,
no matterwhat the character of their
business. How many of the alleged en
trymen may at some time hav camped
at this spring I have no knowledge or
information, but none of th entrymen
ever camped in or used or claimed to
use either of these cabins prior to mak
ing their filings and af fidavitT"for the
simple reason that the cabins were
never built until a year after all such
filings and affidavits were made. This
fact is well known to the special aarent
from whom you received your informa
tion and from whom you received this
photograph, and the publication of this
photograph and, the' comments In con
nection can be made, for no purpose
other than in an attempt to prejudice
the minds of, the public and' by this
means prevent a fair and impartial
trial. , Respectfully, J. H. RALKY.
(The Journal's - information relative
to the us to which these- cabins were
put caraa from such a reliable spurce, party,
that it was printed, together with a pic
ture of the cabins, with full confidence
in its correctness. The Journal has no
Inclination to create prejudice in any
body's mind,agRlnst'the defendants and
Mr. Raley is a little rash in making the
assertion, but under the circumstances
The Journal entertains no resentment,
and will endeavor to print only the news,
with fairness to all concerned, as it de
velops in th trial: of the cases. Editor,)-,
. ' V . .'. .. -,V ,Y
.'" -
A Question of "Accuracy."
To the Editor of -The. Journal The
following ''paragraph"1 vat taken from
this morning's Oregonietn: "A stay af
execution for Blodgett was had, and the
supreme court ordered a new trial be
cause District Attorney Manning ln his
argument before the Jury compared
Blodgett's - case to that of 4 Wade an.1
Dalton, notorious murderers, who killed
an old man named Savers, - Wade killed
two guards at the. Insane asylum, nnd
afterward slew his companion, Dalton.
He was hanged at Salem about six
years ago." - . '
It would be. hardly possible to get
more misstatements in the same num.
ber of lines. . Wade and Dalton never
killed old man Bayers, but did hold up
and kill a young student on the east
side, and were hung not in Salem, but
in the Jail yard at Portland.- Sayers
was killed by Bunco Kelly, wno
was: .' afterwards pardoned. - Wade
never killed, two guards at the lnsan
asylum - or anywhere else, but a des
perado named Tracy. dld kill two guards
at the penitentiary., Neither did Wad
slay his companion, Dfllton. but Dalton
was hung with Wade at Portland. The
same man Tracy, however, did kill his
partner in . crime ' somewhere up in
Washington, after killing the two
fruards at the pentitentlary and escapi
ng. Nor was Wade -"hanged at Salem
about six' years ago," but paid the pen
alty of killing the young student in the
jail yard at Portland. . , m. .
't:;lllg-l)ate;ln Hlstory."
1829 Sillstrla . surrendered to th
'Russians.- -
1829 Indian Territory organized. '
186--Blondln first crossed the Ni
agara river, just .below the falls, on a
tight rope.
1870 Senate rejected treaty of an
nexation of San Domingo.
188a Charles Guiteai;- executed for
the assassination of President Garfield.
1885 General Green Clay Smith, sec
ond governor of Montana Territory snd
prohibition candidate for president in
1876, died in Washington, D. C, Born
in Richmond. Ky., July 2, 1832.
.1904 Rev.: Silas P. Swallow, nom
inated for president by the prohlbiUou
steps of consumers ln towns and cltie
Is on of the prime necessities of
time, says th Boston Globe.
A long step toward tha solution of
sanitary problem Involved ' seems to
have been taken recently, both in, this
country -snd Kn gland, bv the introduc
tion of what is known as the single
service bottle. It Is made of paper and
is Chean enoue-h to he nrj-flrl It la
used once, only once, and is then, thrown
away. , , . ,
ri ne complaints or the scrupulously
neat housewife, who one dav hi
her glass bottle until it is absolutely
clean,, and th next day receives a
neighbor's glass bottle with a sour
scent attached, will be silenced forever
when delivery Is made ln fresh r.
oeptacles. . y
incidentally. It Is claimed that milk
In paper bottles keeps better in sum.
mer. requiring Ions ice, and is less
liable to freeze In winter.
ft ft ft .
New Uses' for (Cretonne. .
IMK.was when cretonne and chlnts
were used only to dress chairs and
divans, doorways and the fur.
nlshlngs of th house In general. Now
It .decorates the mistress herself and
one sees her waistcoat fashioned of this
dainty stuff, her hat trimmed with the
imA n r4 .Ka. ...a.-.. , i
asoi to match. Cretonne has also been
used by French modistes for decoratlrtl
purposes upon evening gowns or, rath-
er, under evening gowns, for the flow- J
erea material is set under the chiffon
or other thin fabric, which veils It suf
ficiently to give it the moat artistic ef
fect. To give the trimming of cretonne
a look of individuality, a wonlan handy
with her needle may "pickr-up" with
mbroidery silk certain motifs In the
design. The same work la also dona
with gold thread.
Bands of Set. , 4
INTERESTING occupation for hot
summer days ia the embroidering
of net bands, which will com into
play for trimming tha new autumn
clothes. An effective trimming Is made
by running filet net ln -very simple
design with different shades of color
ed silk. Blue, for Instance, in three
or four shades, with possibly a touch
of black or white, will make a charm
ing trimming for" either a blue . or
black frock. Th net .is completely
filled 1; in - with the darning and some
modification f the wall-of-troy design
is usually employed. Nothing could be
prettier with" which to trim an. evening
cloak than a band of embroidered net.
':; J :: :- ft : ft ' ST '--::'':'.
Bottled Fruit. Juices,
I THILE; cookjng early- fruits, berries
A and th like, remember that th V
small quantities pf Juice can be;
boiled. skimmed and bottlea for Wintor
use, . Berry Juices would : be excelitit
to add to mince pies or would be use
ful for -making Juicy sauces. Sweeten
the Juice, boil vigorously and pour boiul
ing hot into bottles. Cork ach bottle 1
as it is . ruled ana uin into hot sealing
wax until on inch of the bottle mouth
is covered Remember to plnee a wire
ln tha mouth of , the .bottle before in
serting the cork, to be later u,l in
drawing out the cork. :.'
YYYr : ft ft : ft ' iV4 t)"
Nut Bread. -
ONE-THIRD Of a package of break
fast food; one-half cake of . yeast;
one pint of tepid water. Let It rise
overnight, v In theNmornrng add ! salt,
two cups Of flour and two-thirds of a
cupful of chopped nuts,
i Form into iwo loaves, piittlng butter
between them; let tnem rise, and then
bake one-hour In a moderate oven.
This makes perfectly delicious ennrT-
wicnes, especially toasted snndwlche?
and may be lightly spread with cottayc
cneesa, or wun cream cneese. ,
ft. g,;-
i: Tlie Daily Menu. - .
BREAKFAST.
Cherries Boiled Salt Salmon
Whole Wheat Muffins'
. Coffee- i
; LUNCHEON.
Veal Loaf
Rlne
Stewed Gooselwrrls' Hot Gingerbread
- . : Tea ; t -
' DINNER. '
Clam Chowder French Chops r
Macaroni and Criers -. Asparagus
Cottage PuiWIns
Coffee. , ; V. . .', . ' .
. .. . j ..-., : . : ; .
f