III
R
D
MAN
.THE
R
CASHIER
J-. "" , , .t
r,. ,
Vhjr John Hays; Ham
mond Draws Ten Time
President Roosevelt's
Salary
"W
OVLD $500,000 a yar be
enough, Mr Hammond?'
"Half a million?. Well,
what with my other mining investments" "
.'At they stand now, you know. Of
course, this, offer is for your services exclu
lively in the future ; with no further extension
of your private interests,"
" understood that, I was going to say
jhatfxvith my other investments, I think the
wages will be satisfactory .
"We are very glad, very glad. The con
tract, will he in hand, almost immediately!'
; Paraphrased, this was the substance of
the' arrangement under which John Hays
Hammond, mining expert, soldier of fortune,
modern financier r contracted recently to go on
working for the next five, years as the highest
priced hired marithe wide world holds The
Guggenheims, mine owners, financiers, great
er soldiery of fortune,' are the firm- and the
family who can a ford to pay those highest
wages. ' f 1 1 . ,
And when both parties to the contract
started out in life neither was rich enough to .
hire the other at the rate of $15 week, let
alone such an Aladdin dream as $500,000 a
year. :'C. ,:'.; '
What, mettle can there be in a man like
John Hays, Hammond which, by some won
drous alchemy, can transform his cash value,
within the period of a middle-aged engineer's
career, from nil ) nearly $io,oooyi weekf.
TIlAT dream of sanguine Idleness, of riches drop
ptng Into the lap c restfuUy waiting merit.'
v never cam true. - If evef tler wu man .
,..; whose career proved, that the told minee come
to hlmwho hustle for thm the man's name U
' Hammond ' - . .i i-.,:t 'V V'W't s
He would a cheerfully wield pick a lay a level;
and cheerfully upsst a, continent for the sake of aft
employer aa dig out it Heart for the take of It void.
He ha don both. . ! -V !':
He began with studytmply long, hard study.
Born ia San Francisco In 1S5S and going Eaet a a
. child, his boyish lesion weft learned la New Haven,
Conn at th Hopkins Grammar School v
After that he went t Tale, and as waa Just of age
' when he received hi degree of bachelor of philosophy
In the Bheflieid Sclentifla School A generation or so
sjter. when he had. accomplished some things in the
way of disarranging the bowel of the earth which h .
had made hi specialty, Yals concluded he was brovlng
himself worthy; of her, and presented him with aiw.
honorary degree tif master of art, to encourage him.
, He didn't need that encouragement thert, or -before,
or after.: He came of the class of hustler Who do bet-.
. ter with somebody In front of them, wielding A club
In theln direction. But the club he wart go up
against was along, way In the future, ; 1 , . " -
,V -; .TRAINED HIMSELF WELL "
" For the time being, he gave himself ftver t mora .
preliminary training, doing thre year of tr hard
brain work at vth Koyal School of Mines at Freiberg, ,
In Kaxony. That mad a a pretty good mining engineer
of Mm, so far as theory could go. - -Such
students are sure of the outstretched hand if , s
tney cars for a government position. Governments get
out ot them the most profitable work that le to be.
extracted from any publle servants, for the enthusi '
asm they bring is a well-spring of energy, while to
them the meager government salary is trivial In com'
pariton witn the broad . experience, the opportunities
Hammond was oirerea at once trie-poet or special
expert., on the United- States' geological survey- and
rnl.1t-ral census, to examine the gold fields of California.
That was in 1880, when be was only 36 years old. He
learned his trade there, at the crucial period ot modern
gold mining, - .
A dose n year, later, full-fledged mining engineer,
he was ready fogr the real achievements of his career.
In Mexico he became superintendent of the big silver
mines at Sonora. But his fame wu growing now.
- Sonora could bot bid against Callfonla, and he re
tcrned, as consulting engineer of mines, to Grass Val
ley. - lie beoame consulting engineer, asawelL of th
Union Iron Works and tn Central PaclAo and Southern
railroads. Just to use up his spare tlme. .
.. wiihin vr Knnth Africa was calling rot" nim.
across the continents and ocean. South Africa, filled
with" vast Vlctes, was nvftheles a morgue for rich
men's hopes. - The English engineer who tackled th
' baffling problem of it mines could only .ink capital
- and report rallur, tr::':y:'-
: . Ko more emphatlo tribute to th American engineer,
now typified by John Hays Hammond, could be voiced
- than that written by Alfred Mosaly, after hi famous
tour ef American workshop at th head of a repre
sentative body of British workmen and manufacturers.
J am a colonial, BngliSh born," he observed, "but I
have spent th greater part ot my life tn th British
eolonie, principally South Africa.'" He told how th
British mined there (or year, with a number of Kng-
llsh mining engineer, yet made no progress. ;
; - pigger cam and want and, while some few gained
living wages, th large number failed. Company attar
' company, .organised with the highest prospeots, had
to dissolve, until the Bret American engineer, Oardl
ner Will Him s, cama. into the desperate field, and waa
speedily followed by more Americana
.- ."It Is to th American engineer." sir. Mosely de
' dare, "that we owe th suocess all th uccea of
South Africa, Th mining propositions hav been put
on a sound basie in South Africa, not by th English
englrver, la the first place ha may hav learned aft
erward but primarily by th American,' X waa aston
ished by their method, and X mad up my mind It was
necessary to visit th country that produced such men,
who had been able' to show us th way whan w
thought w led th world." ' .s , ,
Bamato Brother secured Hammond. He was their
consulting engineer when he-met Cecil Rhode in Cap
"Mr. Hammond," said Rhodes, abruptly, 1 should
, Ilk to hav. proposition from you," i'
Nobody had to ask Hammond that question twlee.
"My proposition would t 15000 a month! 80,000 a
yar." v-.- fe; v" "'a
"Tour wage begin now, responded th. empire"
builder. . J- . -,' ,
: . GOT GOLD FOR RHODES
Hammond mapped out all th gold In South Africa
for Rhodes, and found hi true field ther, for th
mines, Instead of being very rich In metal, were auch
a to damand engineering of th highest skill and ma
chinsrr of th meat scUntiflo construction, to snake th
extraction profitable.
Th Jamison raid occurred while Hammond was a
leading cltlxen" of Johannesburg, and a leading agita
tor ia th demand for reform of government, which th
Boera not only denied, but derldad. Sir own acoount
of his arrest and condemnation to death la th story ot
a man who, while he was prepared to be insistent upon
the right guaranteed to American eltlsen by treaty
with th Trahsvaal, abstained mora than scrupulously
from any -action menacing th supremacy of th exist-;
ing government.
- Bending th trial 'la Pretoria, Hammond, who
health at the time waa none too atronf, waa released
upon hi word of honor to return. -
H went to Cape Town. Classio legend vaunts th
story of Damon and Pythias, th tale of friendship's
devotion la th shadow ot death. But th Hammond
word ot Jionor was simply honor, and nothing mora,
And history will never have anything finer to recount
than th heroic silence of his Wife, who. a Miss Na
ta:i Harris, daughter et Judge Harris, of Mississippi,
Joined her life to hi In Mil, end has been his comrade
and fond ally, in Pullman coach and bullock wagon,
ver alnc. .
, HI friend In Cap Town, while his old mining
M'3 " Ccmrrfs;
mm
Ing regiments to go to South - Africa for reacu,
pleaded with hie wife to dissuade him from returning
to certain exeoutlon.
"To allow my husband' to return to Pretoria," ah
wrote, la her diary ot thos tragi days, -was tor Wm
to meet certaia death. It h were not , lynched by the
xcited Boers, fa was sur to get a death sentence. I
went to Mr. Rose Innea, a dear friend.
- 'Dear Mr. Innes,' I began, 1 am la need of a friend.
My distress Is se great I eaa no longer distinguish
right from wrong. What is my dutyT I can appeal to
my husband for my sake to save the life of my child
and perhaps dissuade him. . My God, It la a tempta
tion.'" ; , '
Mr. Innes sat In deep thought.
"If you think,' I continued, 'his going back Is a
needless throwing away of a valuable Ufa, X will chlo
roform him and hav him taken to sea.'
" 'Mrs. Hammond,' aald Mr. Innes, 'your husband Is
doing th right thing la going back; don't try to dis
suade htm. If h were , my brother I would, do th
am.' ''
"I accepted hi decision," add Mrs. Hammond,
Her husband returned, and he was sentenced to
death, In company with Colonel Frank Rhodes, a
brother of .Cecil Rbodes; Uonel Phillips and George
Farrer. He refused British protection, hot Only because
of his disapproval ot th British policies and methods
in th Boer territory, but because of th fallur ot
Qraat Britain to do her duty by her own subject.
'My owa government Is good enough tor me," he
declared, Til depend on th United States.
His dependence was justified. Washington, having
t first underrated the gravity of th danger, and left
it cltlxens In th car of Greet Britain, speedily real
ised how badly stained England's own hands were.
Th United States made its own vigorous representa-
Vi il.
1J.
Irs
days, he had his sons sell out th elegant embroider!
trade, and nut the whole seven Into the new enter-
L' prises. Today the Guggenheims are the greatest mina
owners in the world, with a strangle hold on the
i Smelting Trust, and the nerve and the cash to buy any"
mln that covers any territory, from, a county to a
kingdom. ' Ia ' wealth, they are th. Rothschilds ot
'America, . ' -. v' - -'i 4 : i '
.. While Hammond, i after his experience as consulb
ing engineer for the Consolidated Goldfleld of South
Africa, had grown to be ths'mlnlng engineer par ex
cellence ot th world, th Guggenheims had grown to
t be the miner, par excellence of the same locality.
One wabviouly; fitted for the errice of th
other; and th Guggenheim were more the busi-
; ness men to allow such aa expert to escape them than'
. Hammond waa th expert to decllh thir, munificent
: terms , " i'"'
He began with th-lnstlnet of th mineralogist, a
boyish lov fop "specimens" that Induced his father to
'fllseera la him th born? miner and determined the spe
cial eourse ef his education. 2I has developed Into the
upram organiser, who actually tour his mines only
one a year, and tor bis enormous salary, and the rest
ot hi working tlm receive th reports ot hi suborn
dlnates. Infallibly chosen axparta. v
Th man who la worth 1500.000 a' year, is the man
who combines. vry highest quality required In an
Intensely competitive Industrial and commercial age,
with a special genlua tor sensing th metal of the
earth unequalad by any other miner who ever lived,
a technical kIU unsurpassed by any modern engineer.
A,
j r
1 -VT : ,
i
silW'iev.e'ii il . i. i iMlja)sLsaMMMasSassasasl
H I i' jl S.
tions to Kruger on Hammond's behalf. In th end, b
and hi tellow-prlsoner wer released on payment of
fines of tm.0M each, and with banishment ef fifteen
yar from th Transvaal.
Meanwhile, in Philadelphia, and soon lewhere
throughout th world, a number ot things were hap
pening because of the Indefatigabl activity at the
even son of old Meyer Guggenheim, a Swiss, who
cam here to make hi fortune, and started the Job
peddling stov pollsh.v;.r'.;''::,-;s j
About th tlm Hammond was marrying' Ml Har
ris on his prospects, th elder Guggenheim was turn
ing over to four ot his sons an Immens importing
trade In Swiss embroideries. He himself took to mine
investment: then, because-he thought th fellow who
did his smelting earned exorbitant profits, to smelting.
Then, because this mining and smelting business
tbe best thing; he'd handled sine th stove polish
SVOFj jmTjri- :- ;'vhv A
1 "
7
aad th advsaturous, daring spirit that has mad tu
sreat capUlns of wax as wall as the grat captain
ot Industry. ' ... , .. i
Ths are th qualities which, eking th hlghe
market a invariably as th compass needle seeks th
pol. hav at lsst guaranteed to John Hays Hammon
a hired man's wag a great la a year a the Preslder.
of the United State receive in ten years; as much 1
vary hour, waking and sleeping, a th 957 the aver
age mechanic ia glad to get a month, taking the yea
around; five times th $100,000 annual salary of th
hugely paid functionary, th Xord Lieutenant of Ire
land; a much la a singl minute aa many a poe
many a scientist, and many a laborer has been able t
average a day as. much Ia that minute as the origin
Guggenheim earned many a day. la Philadelphia, pel
dling through the streets. . ..
fmervcr
Drpomrcy
HEN" you go to see Wu Tin-f ang, at th
a a a
nineso embassy in Washington CO
ure, tery gufe, yoti taven't made io
- . ' . many cam previotisly that your card
case id empty. Better bo broka it Monto Carlo
or nioustacneleg in Berlin than cardies within tha
marble vestibule of the ornate and 'up-to-date
Chinese eVnbassy in Washington. v
And caU earlyby aU nienns, cal tftyly. lou
can even call early enough, to get along without
tha card; for,"If you will lurk in .he vicinage of
the embassy between 7 and 8 o'clock in the morn
lug, youare aa likely as not to run Across the
matutinal Wu doing an early morning health stunt,
la robes characteristically flowing, and in mot I
occupied with nothing more serious than the chirp
, ing birdies on the tree-dotted hilL l
, you are what Wu deems, on first sight, a
decent Sort of fellow, and, on first hearing, one
hoM business can be attended to then and there,
he yrul talk as promptly as a surgeon, would cut
off your: leg in street, emergencyand pretty
warly aa keenly.
' v He will, talk on toy topic it pleases you to
broach--even on diplomacy, on Oriental diplomacy.
AnL while he( is talking, he will afford as pretty
an object Jesson in his own specialty as was ever
supplied. . .: . "" .
. Tor Wu 'declares that diplomacy is simply
plain, .old-fashioned tru.thj and, barring the reti- .
cences any one but fool ought to display in his
position, he is as open and frank a diplomat as
ever dropped into the White House for a friendly
.little cup of tea. . "i.r!,v-
If TOTI happen to land at th embassy between I
and 10 o'clock and that won't be a bit too early
;,for Wu you will find an American doorman who' ;
- la as tender ot hi master's Oriental susceptibili
ties as though Washington wer Pekin and Wu, with
a nod. could hav him neatly decapitated for an over
sight. - .
No cardT Great pity you've run ont of them. His V
excellency always IneUts on a card. But write your
name on the other side of this old one on thi tray
sod. th ham et your paper. That'll do if 'onl a .
form, you know, anyway.
Is itr Perhaps; and perhaps his ceremonious ex
cellency ha been so often interviewed by visitors who
are more facile than they ax accurate that he prefer
to know he ha a reerd ot them, and that they shall
know he keeps tha record.
"An Interview? 'Waitingr la th reception roomr a
big voice is booming above, on tha second floor. "Tell
hlin I shall eee him dlreotly."
And presently Into the midst ot th Incongruities of
th French gilt furniture and the peacock draperies, a
living incongruity eweepa, bloused, robed, ruby-Jeled
a to th cap, learaedly apeetacled. It should be a
venerable figure, and solemn; but its owner will have
; bone of your reverence. He stands prepared to meet
youth or middle age on its own ground of energy,
quickness, nlmbleness of thought, yes, and gayetr, un
til you are saying to yourself; "Tbu Is a very yeung
old man."
"My opinion of 'Oriental dlplomaeyr The eyes ar
penetrating and th vole rolls out with no evidence ot
effort or strain. I am ao Authority on Oriental diplo
macy. Chinese diplomacy, then? Suppose you make It
diplomacy in general. -1 will tell you what diplomacy
Is or should be. It should be th truth, That 1 mod
ern diplomacy the plain truth.
"The world has ao place, thes days, for mysteries
and double-dealing, for th diplomacy of the kind
that used to say one thing and mesa another. The na
tions are too close, in their alma and in their common
dependence.:.
"Dlplomaeyr There waa fine soora In the eaergetl
tonea "The world has need- for diplomacy. All
that It requires now Isplain dealing and fair dealing
between the nations. Where is the neoessity tor any?
diplomacy except that which Is based upon the candor. :
th openness, that should prevail among indivldualsT"
It wae one of the questions for which the inquisitive r
Wu is noted, one of his tricks In the turning of the .
tables on his interviewers, s Tet there was in hi
Question something more than the query of triumphant
argument and something more than any quest for po-
lite Information. 1 - '
Somehow, in the bold, 'strong' tones, somehow, ia
the clear, directly frain eyes, there was the anxiety
of the man who belongs to that one ration to whlott
such a plain and lmple brand of diplomacy en the
part of other nationa.iat least is of a vital Importance. -A
question like that, from a wan ilk that, does not
call for coscnt argument;. It calls tor the simple fact,
almost apologetically stated. '
"The necessity, your excellency," was the anv
"lies with the nations that do not seek to deal fa
and plainly with their neighbors. " - -
"A-ahi" It waa quit a triumphant exclamat
this time. "But that is not Chinese diplomacy
modern diplomacy."
"It la the diplomacy of the nations that sf k
overreach others, that are prepared to aggrau."
themselves." ' v
"Then it should have no place in th world to
A very positive diplomat was speaking now. "Let i
nations rest satisfied; let them abstain from ag:.
diieinent. Let us hav peace." - ,
"Unfortunately, excellency, there are some
want war. It seem te be necessary for their v.
being." .-. ";
"War war necessary!" There was an eecent
mingled pala and horror In the rejoinder. "When -war
ever necessary; when wa there a time or a r
when it could not nave been avoided with honor.
ed by the diplomacy ot frankness, abstained from v
advantage?" -
"The tlm was- few years ago: tha rhc v
Manchuria; th nation was Japan, which had r
grown Its confines and needed room to feed Its pec.
Deed silence.
y ROOM FOR EVERY ONE
"6 that there comes a time, with -all natlon,f
to tlv. Which is to grow, they mutt make war or
ha happened In vast China, slay their own people
jlgaia silenoe; then, vehemently
"Oh,' you very young thinkers, who see only
when national growth coram to its apparent !
Io not imag-tne that this earth cf ours is ao smith
it cannot hold us. It can hold all of us now. very
fortably. without war, with only Jut .dealm
ourselves, fair dealing and plain deaiin win oi
"It is simply that every one demaoila ttr inort i
hs Is entitled to by nature. Why ahouM yoa et
and drink UP. and smoke ur. In reflneiuents f ;
uries, that which Should support many otner 1:
belntrst With war abolished, with humanity y...
to the eontroi Ot Ite appetitwi, lnstr4 t
voted solely to their pr.tltU-stlon. we r . i I
world amply able to support ita r-ple. a y-or- i .
mltted to the principles ot )-J e. 1 "
Salvation and Its bappin In
.Tk.i la what the !tpl-fry ' t--"''' !.
when th conditions of tte f '.
that ia what shall rn-ke o..-" : - . '
mlsapprebeoalona neei!!s.
"lan't it a Utopian d.'piornao', 7"
"lan't tt good dSpiomacr. i, y i,
Isn't ltf