THE JOURNAL
Att - I INDEPENDENT ? NgWSPAPKB.
C . JACK80H..,
. . . rubu)
ruMMied every evening exept .s,,n"'L"
. arj Saadny moral Dir. at Tha Joantl Baild-
' vijr. f ma ana x aroma niwit,
Portland. Or., tor
tfwmlaaion tUroufh tlia nulla, a Jdlaa
fatter. -v a . - - -
TELKPHOMCS-MaIN T1T3. HOMK. A-OM.
All tepartama reached fcy thaaa somber.
am Toe oprt ttr d"irOT-ni jaw. . -.-But
KUU effit. B-84-M: Kaat 83ft,
rOBEIOH ADVKUTI8IXQ BEPBEaENTATIVB
Vrul.xl.bfiliiiilll Snarlal AdTrtlalna ifMKT.
Bronewi.-k Building. 225 Flfta aenge, New
' Vara; Tribune Building. Chicago-
Cabscrlptioa Term by null to any addraaa
In lb United State. Canada er Mexico.
... ' DAILY.
Una - rcar..'.'....IS.(io I One month....... 9 M
. . . m'VtiiT .:
- ear...."r..W I One month.......! Si
DAILY AND BCNDAY.
..... .17.60 1 One BHiDth...
One ear.
.$ .5
How happy la he, born or
. r-, taught.
That aerveth not another'."
will;. - -
Whose armor Is bis honest
, i thought,
And. simple truth his ut-
-. ' ' , ,; - Wottbn.
RAISE OP RAILROAD FREIGHT
, RATES. ,
E
LSEWHERE In this Issue The
Journal republishes an editorial
which! appeared In Its columns
on April 18, in which it quoted
from the Wall Street Journal, pre
dicting a general ad Vance In .railroad
freight rates in the near future. The
prediction has been verified, accord-
- lngf-turrent-ports,-'eren-iKoner
. than expected. It is stated that all
railroads hetween : the Mississippi
river and the Atlantic, and north of
: the Ohio Vlrer, will false rates next
July about 10 per cent, calculating to
gain "thereby 1100,000,000 a year.'
Of course this Increase will Indirect
ly If not directly affect the northern
transcontinental roads also. In fact,
all other roads will soon make then
same announcement, doubling or
trebling the Increased revenue..
- Are the people going to stand for
this arbitrary and insolent increase
, of the tax on their products, for the
benefit of -a few millionaire Wall
street speculators 7 And hqw. If: at
all, can they help themselves ? .' That
under; proper, , honest management
and) disbursements 61 earnings this
increase of rates is necessary nobody
believes. The railroads running Into
- the Pacific northwest are malting big
net profits; enormous dividends, and
all the other principal roads are do-
"Ing welT, except'as they fall Into the
-hands o wreckers like; Ryan. This
' Increase "Ineans BJmply'vthe holding
up of the producers' and consumers
of the country by the combined, rail
road monopoly to theextenf of prob
ably; $300,000,000 a year more than
they would" have otherwise had to
pay. It is an arbitrary, unconscion
able' tax that the railroads can Im
pose because they are stronger than
the government, 1
s The people will . not" long endure
. this species of highhanded robbery.
. Not only Is such an Increase of rates
unreasonable and Inexcusable, but,
as we showed In the' editorial quot
ed, It is a dangerous, Intolerable as
sumption of the power 'of unlimited
taxation by these corporations, one
that the people are bound to resist.
The people have unlimited power to
tax themselves,-but if the railroads
have equal power of unlimited taxa-
tion, then indeed the liberty of the
people Is gone: they are thence
forth mere serfs of the railroads. If
; rates are attempted to be reduced,
the railroads invariably; plead "con
fiscation of their property"; but
such an Increase of rates is conflsca
tio by private corporations of the
whole people's property.
A SAMPLE TARIFF FLANK.
I
T MUST have, been a very dull
man or a practical joker who
wrote the' Iowa Republican tariff
plank. , Fir6trit':Bays:v "W,e de
clare unequivocally for protection as
- the cardinal principle of the Repub
lican pary, and we affirm our un
alterable purpoee- tov maintain it,"
This sounds strongly standpatish, but
the declaration proceeds: "Events
have; confirmed the ' wisdom of the
makers of the national platform of
1904 wherein the party pledged re
. adjustment? of f rates ' of, duty only
when conditions so changed that the
public interest demanded their alter-:
' atlon.' In accordance with this dec
laration of four years ago; the Re
publican party of Iowa indorses the
declaration of the. Ohio Republican
platform of this year in behalf of re
' vision of the tariff by a special ses
sion of next congress, etc.'
.. Not only do the Iowa Republicans
want their "cardinal principle" re
vised think of revising a "principle"-
because it-; isn't working
right; but with what seems to be the
malign sarcasm of a practical Joker
they point to the unkept, violated,
ignored, continued promise of 1904
as a basis for a new promise to be
made In 1903. That is to say: "We
made a promise in 1904 that we
didn't , intetid to , keep and haven't
kept,' and now we make another
promise of Just the same sort. , '
, But writing tariff planks for po
litical parties Is a ticklish business
these ay8. : . , .What, the , Democratic ,
pjntferm may say isn't of much con-l
Rrquonve, for during the next four
years the. senate will be Republican,
and a pod many Democrats, once in
I'oncrti, Worn protectionists, 'and
as t; , riblkaa platform promises
'- ' ; - 'rT':
of . revision after ' election- they are
like piecrust. 1 And then nobody
knows what kind of revision.. Even
the Independent party is likely to
dodge this question" or Jean to pro
tection. . Ail of which means that
party platforms have become mere
platitudes -of fat-witted insincerity,
enunciated to ioQlJVQters-i----i
A SILLY PLEA.
OW from a' negligible quarter
cornea aa appeal to voters to
support Cake in order to sup
port Roosevelt and his policies.
It is to smile. . We think not many
Republican papers of Oregon will fol
low this foolish lead. . Trying to get
Totes for eandidatesln Oregon . on
Roosevelt's account has been rather
overworked already. The same plea
was made for Blnger Hermann. The
Portland gamblers appealed to their
friendship for Teddy and his policies.
Devotion to Roosevelt has figured as
a plea la behalf of various scoundrels
and scalawags in Oregon for the past
seven years. Not that Mr. Cake .Is
such a person, but the Roosevelt plea.1
i r t. 1 m l
iu uresuu uaa uewuio vuo tuat im
mediately arouses suspicion against
the person for whom it is made.
But If voters lay that prejudice
asidet what stupid ignoramuses they
must be taken for when ' it Is as
sumed that -they will swallow the
gratuitous assumption that Cake rep
resents Roosevelt policies more than
Chamberlain. Who in congress to
day are supporting Roosevelt and his
policies? A small minority of Re
publicans -and' almost all the Demo
crats. If any party In congress is
opposed to- the Roosevelt policies It
is- tha: Repnbltcan"Tparty7"Ws"kndw
that the great mass of Republicans
are supporters of Roosevelt, but the
party leaders are not, and they con
trol congress, and as a rule control
new Republican members. . ' . v
But admitting that Mr. Cake Is a
sincere supporter of the Roosevelt
policies. Chamberlain .' is an even
stronger ; and more outspoken sup
porter of those same policies. Nei
ther has he become so Just lately,
bnt has been iso declaring himself for
years. There Is not a single one of
the Roosevelt poycles which the peo
ple of Oregon are greatly interested
in and desirous of seeing carried but,
that will not be cordially, ably and
lnfluentially supported by Chamber
lain if he should be elected to the
senate. And ne people knowV it.
Of what ue,' then, is this silly pre
tense that Cake, a far1 more doubtful
quantity In this respect, must be
elected in order that- Oregon shall
support Roosevelt policies? It is
nothing short of an insult to the in
telligence of Oregon voters. . r
If Chamberlain should carry Ore
gon in Jane, the country would know
that' Oregon was in dead earnest In
its support of Roosevelt's policies
and most features of his administra
tion. : Because the man elected is a
Democrat would make that, fact es
pecially -and peculiarly emphatic.
Oregon, it would be eald, takes.no
chances ? on "a dubious" and untried
man; it selects even a Democrat be
cause the voters of Oregon-know he
can be implicitly depended upon,
under whatever administration
comes, to support s Roosevelt s pol
icies... ' .
GOOD WORK FOR ONCE.
I
F THE murderer of Nathan WoUf
has really been caught, andS it
can be established that the man
Martin is the guilty one, the po
lice department and certain officers
who had charge of the case, are cer
tainly entitled to much credit. It
had become so almost invariably the
case that the police were unable to
eaten a murderer that the capture of
this man comes as an agreeable sur
prise. Nobody expected-the capture
of the surely right man, hence all are
pleasurably disappointed, at the re
sult, as it now appears. This is es
pecially the case as the capture ap
pears to have been the result not of
mere fortuitous circumstances or
good luck, but of really good, shrewd
work in tracking down the criminal.
The horrible nature of the murder,
the fiendish mutilation of the dead
man, added to the public desire for
the murderer's capture and punish
ment. Even murder can be accen
tuated, even this greatest of crimes
can be blackened, by the manner In
which' it is done, and few murders
wear a blacker hue than this one. If
it prove true that the police have
such a murderer inLcqstody, their
reputation will Justly rise several de
grees. TV
OREGOX "MOBOCRACY.M
T
HE Washington Post, owned by
John R. McLean, a plutocrat
who formerly posed as a Demo
crat, : also imagines that Oregon
has gotten Into miry trouble on ac
count of its primary la Wi the initi
ative and referendum; and Us effort
to elect senators by the people,; an
"attempt' to override the constitu
tion of the United States."; It Is al
ways to be observed that whenever
the people attempt TCcr do something
in their own . interest, and td . take
charge of their own affairs, the plu
tocrats 'and ring politicians are ex
tremely solicitous about -the consti
tution. - For their purposes the con
stitution is exceedingly plastic, and
can be . ignored altogether,;, but , as
Boon, as the people propose to choose
thefr. own , senators the plutocratic
patriots cry out Jtbat the sacred con
stitution is being violated. V
The Poet thiuks Chamberlain will
p robably Mia the election la June,
and says that "the people of Oregon
are apparently willing to have a Re
publican legislature and Democratic
representation In the " senate here."
Certainly," it the ; people so decide,
Don't, they, know better what they
want than a few self-eeeking bosses?
Or even than 46 average men la a
legiBlaiurelVWhem are. the senators
to serve, the whole people or only a
few, of only .their parties, as, a few
leaders direct? ;The people of Ore
gon, the Post says, are inclined to lg
nore .''political politics." We should
think eo; :. Or, rather, they are trying
to get rid of the common brands of
"poliUcal politics." They, have had
their fllfof it. . .
So the Post, after reading the
Portland "morning newspaper, con
eludes that the people of Oregon
have become a "monocracy." .Very
well, a name doesn't hurt.' Better a
mobocracy than a plutocracy, a thiev-
ocracy, or a bossocracy. As long as
a majority of the people of Oregon,
than which there are no more intel
ligent, worthy people in the country,
constitute the "mob," the state 4b
safe, and the rest of the country need
not worry.
A Portland paper that is not per
mitted td have any political opinions
of its own, and in fact Js not In any
sense its own and ' can't have; any
opinions, rehashes the stale theory
that Democrats voted heavily to de
feat Fulton in the primaries. There
has never been a particle of evidence
supporting this assertion. On the
contrary, the almost universal opin
ion is thatabf the few Democrats who
voted as Republicans, about 'three
fut of four voted for Fulton, as probably-
a weaker . man than Cake.- A
newspaper must.be in extreme need
of -some excuse when It resurrects
this paltry Invention as a reason for
supporting Cake.
' "Roosevelt and his administration
are the chief assets of the Republican
party," says the Republican Louis
ville Post Isn't this treason to the
"principles," and "policies,'.' and
"purposes," and "traditions," and
"tendencies," away back? Many
Republican leaders look upon Roose
velt and his administration as anti
Republican, as being disruptive and
destructive of .the party, and are
anxiously awaiting the time when the
party will be rid of him and his ad
ministration. Party is a nebulous
thing these days.
Oregon gets another snub in the
cutting down by the house committee
of the Crater Lake park appropria
tion from $30,000 to $10,000, and
then to $3,000, indicating that 80
cents may finally be allowed. This
matter. is not so important as sonie
others, yet deserves better treatment
than this, for there is no other Crater
lake in the country, nor anything
tike it The people of Jackson .county
offer to dohelr part,-If the govern
ment will help, but $3,000 will not
fairlylbegln the necessary work. '
.. The Journal, has. no dpubt of the
result of , the referendum on the
state university appropriation, which
will be sustained, as it should be, by
a large majority. The . people' of
Oregon are not going to vote their
state university into the educational
boneyard.
-
The Corvallis Republican has dis
covered that for the legislature to
elect a senator chosen by the people
at a previous general election would
be unconstitutional and void. But
the purchase of a Beat by, bribing
members of the legislature Is, of
course, quite constitutional.
An exchange says: "Congress
man Ellis of Oregon is of the opinion
that just at present a certain kind of
hysteria prevails throughout the
country." He must have somehow
discovered thai some people are try
ing to do something.
' Philander C. Knox's Birthday.
Philander C Knox United States sen
ator from Pennsylvania, and Indorsed
by the Republicans of that state for the
presidential nomination, was born In
Brownsville, Pennsylvania, May , 185.
He received his education in Mount Un
ion college, Ohio, from which institu
tion he graduated In 1872. Three years
later he was admitted td the bar, and
began the, practice of law in Pittsburg.
Inal87 he was appointed " asaUtant
United States district attorney for the
western district of Pennsylvania, which
position - he resigned at the n4 - of a
year to resume his legal 'practice. The
law firm of which he was a member be
came one of the most prominent in
Pittsburg, representing; the Interests of
many of the large industrial corpora
tions of that city. Tor a quarter of a
century or longer Mr. Knox took an ac
tive interest in the Republican politics
of Fittsbunr. but never sought public
office. In 1901, upon the earnest solicits
Hnn nf tha nrABlnent. Mr. Knox left nri.
vate life and accepted the position of at
torney-general m tne caoinst or wesiaent
McKinlev. f A few years later he -was
appointed to fill the vacancy in the
iTnitp,! fUatea senatorshln caused b tne
death nfTJenator Quay, and In 1906 Sen
ator Knox was etecteq ror tno riui term.
57 Aid for the lVaf. :
New Torfc May 1. To tha Editor of
The Journal Lip-reading Vis coming
more and mora to be a resource for the
adult hard-of-hearlng. There are few who
cannot be much benefited byit 'Up-
Keamng stmpiinedy -- by itiwara . is.
Nitchie, Which Has been running serial
ly In Courage, is now published In
pamphlet form; and av friend who Is
interested In the Jaf has paid for a
generous number of copies which we
have bem, requested to , distribute to
thore who care to ask for Id Will you
not help in this philanthropy by print
ing this letter to tell your hardrof
hearing readers th'at they may secure
the lesRons for tha kinir wierelr the
name and address on a postal card is,
oiiuuKii. . mi lessons conniiiuie a iuu
course for . elf-lnstruetion.".
- E. It. LOGAN. '
AMilstant' to editor of Courase, , 1E
: Fifth avenue, '.fiew York. - f v
v ; T .' 'I 1
iX-Ki -- Why Is It?, .
Frotn the Chicago'-journal. T-i " ."
That when the street car , conductor
.touches j-ou tuij the .HHmiiiler you feel
guilty, even though Ijrou've paid -your
- " . ."" ' 1 (. ; . . . . .
- , - . . . .
Small CLangc - '
VToUUca t? the rear Just now, - y
'V . -
,And It didn't rain tLf tar JL
That crowd deserved a good gams.
Th roM bushes art getting- ready. .
Statement No. 1 la the bis laaua on
june a. n , , .
Knox' Is the brainiest man amnnr the
vuuiuawai , ,
...ji,... . ' . . . -
Now Senator Joe Ballev will ' swell
una strut more lima ever. .
Emma's talk won't hart anybody, as-
peciuiy it iney stajr away. -
No otheV boom thin Taft'a arrows I
bit unless It Is Roosevelt's. - "
The ara v to set rid of Emma Gold
man Is to pay no attention to her. I .
Truth, crushed to earth, sometimes
taxes a long time in rising again,
Then some say the sweetenlnar of the
u&ae nas . au Deen put on me . auriace.
Tha'TjeODla of Multnomah eount-r owe
a good deal,, not money, to lorn word.
The ker td success does a ma little
krood unless he can find the light key-
Ha Jests at revecsreful disanooint'
ment who sever was a defeated candi
date. . , :
The Commoner would no doubt ap
prove of Bryan's 'election te the preal-
aenoy. ... ., ,
A Democrat Is as likely to b. a sun-
porter of .Roosevelt's policies as a Re-
puoucan.
How would ft do to harmonise mat
ters by leaving .both senators off the
jieiegauonr
The voice of the camDalarn orator
win scarcely be heard or heeded while
the baseball umpire Is hollering In. the
town. .".. ,y .l
:..... ?
An insane maa addressed the senate
from the gallery and was tmt ont. Jeff
lavls, being a member, couldn't be put
out.
What Orecon needs ta the senate Is
men who know how to do thlns-s lor
Oregon; party politics i is of. little con-
WW
Why doesn't Bonl come over to
America and try again? Doubtless sev
eral million heiresses would Ilka . to
marry mm.
An Indiana man has taught his dog
to speak several words in the English
language. Probably he will soon be
able to hurrah for tha party.
It was Oliver Goldsmith who wrote
"Winter Lingering Chills the Lap of
May." But May's lap will be too warm
for the remnant of the old skeleton
soon. '
e
Representative Mann, chairman of the
committee hearing evidence about the
paper trust, could not be more sealously
f riendly and partial , to that monopoly
If he were Its high-salaried attorney.
Oregon Sidelignts
Farm Improvements ara noticeable
around Brownsville. t
e
Elgin raised 11,000 In a few minutes
for publicity work.
Several new stores will be opened in
Coos bay towns.
. .
The mercury reached (I at Myrtle
Point one day last week.
The business of the Dallas creamery,
established last year, Is growing rap
Idly. From the Weston mountain locality
46 carloads of potatoes have been
shipped recently. '
.
County udge Newell of Josephine
county, In less than two years, has
married 67 couples.
The work of plowing; grading and
graveling the county roads in various
parts of Polk county has already been
begun and will be carried on extensive
ly this summer.
. The creamery at Prairie City Is arous
ing the farmers of that locality to the
tact tnat tnere is money in cows and
the Institution is growing more In
ravor with tne farmers every day.
R. D. Hume will build two gasoline
schooners for service between the .Rogue
river and Port Orford, the latter being
made Mr. Humes snipping station.
They will be 60 feet In length, with 15
foot beams. .
The forest reserve in Curry Includes
seven tenths of the territory embraced
1ir the boundary of the county. Tho
government nas never yet taken so
much of any one territory, and why
should' It be Curry? asks the Gold
Beach Globe. . , j . -1
Haines Record: Farmers throughout
the valley are wearing broad smiles on
account oftha splendid crop prospects.
A" Powder river valley farmer always
wears a smile, because of the fact that
a crop failure Is unknown here.
'''''"',
. What Is said by stone experts to be
one of the finest bodies of granite, suit
able for building purposes. In the United
States has been uncovered four miles
out of McMlnnville, The quarry is 45
acres In extent and of unknown depth.
John Rees of Spring Hill seems to be
a very popular man In tha Democratic
ranks, says the Corvallis Republican,
he is holding the office of road super
visor, and at the primaries he was nomi
nated constable for Fairmount precinct,
also elected as central committeeman.
John Is bewildered, as the state con
stitution prohibits a person from hold
ing more than one elective office.
. ' ' '
The white-breasted ' martins, with
their cheerful chatter, have returned
to Bend this spring and taken up their
abodes in last summer's nests, and ars
busily preparing for the rearing' ef this
season's brood, says The Bulletin.- These
handsome little birds are great de
stroyers of insects that harm fruit 'and
other agricultural crops add should be
protected. , ,
Meuford Mall: A picturesque and
typical .regon girl is that of a former
school teacher, now a homesteader, who
may be seen almost dally-In high top
boots jumper and overalls, with rifle on
shoulder, mounted on her pony, with a
large mastiff trailing behind her horse's
heels, as she wends her way to and
from her homestead. This young lady
left a lucrative position, hied herself to
the - hilis, filed on a. homestead, upon
which she has built herself a neat cabin,
cleared an acre or two of ground, fenced
the same, raised several hos, planted
a garden and has done much In the-way
of Improvement, -. . .
. , Made a Blander.
Frank -Davey ! in -Burns News.
At Salem three. Statement Kb. 1
tUdates and two Republican .' voters'
choice candidates; were i nominated .for
the legislature.: Hal D. "Patton; a most
enthusiastic young Republican business
mail, heads -the Statement No, 1 ' forces,
ft Is oalv- a short time since the party
leaders' there were' determined to read
the Statement No. 1 fellows out of- the
party ranks entirely, but even such.
utrcng men. as JDr. Smith snd T. B. Kay,
state senators," can .be. mistaken some
times and .WtTTfcrtainly : made bad
blunder this time. ,, i
WILL JAPAN GO BROKE?
' BY FREDERIC J. IIASKIX. , . ;
Copyrlght. 1905, by Frederic . Haskin.)
J Tokio, April 5. Poverty-stricken Japan is spending money as If there
was never a day or. reckoning.. Its .people groan' under heavy; taxes,
and Its industries' are ufferlng?the reaction which' follows artificial
K stimulation.' ' The Question one is forced to ask of this DrodlKal youna-
spendthrift of the nations Is: Will
shiest and wisest of Japanese statesmen and business men have coun
selled caution, but the military clique is in the saddle and, "drunk with
sight of power," seems determined to Bpend and spend until the last cash
Is gone. ' ,'. , i
The burden of taxation in Japan per
capita Is $4.05, considerably less than
ne per capita burden of $195.' in the
United-States, which Includes national,
state and city taxation. But It must be
remembered that In Japan the average
Income per capita Is only $17 a year.
while In the United Sfcates It is $275. If
tha American people were to pay. taxes
for one year at tha rate Imposed now
upon the Japanese, the result would be
a surplus In the treasury of over $6,000,
000,000. enough to Dav off the national
debt, the state, city and municipal debts,
and have a balance sufficient to pay the
arnment Ufr four mora , years without
iuuuiuk expenses or in national gov.
uaiuua vu uuugieas lor anotner cent.
Tha details of - this taxation ; would
drive the Ordinary American eltlsen to
distraction. Everything Is taxed, and in
a aoxen ways, xne land -tax. which is
tha largest single item of revenue,' Is
based on an assessment svatem whinh
appraises the value of the land at the
amount for which It would rent for one
year, un city property the national land
tax Is SO per cent and the city tax 10
per cent per annum. Suddoss in i an
American city a man had a house which
wouiu rent ior iiuw a month.. Under the
Japanese system of taxation be would
bo required to tav S360 of his i son in
come for land tax, In addition to the tax
imposed upon mm aa a business man,
UDOH his tenant aa a. tan
the Income which remains after tha first
set of taxes is taken out . .
iwa4t4Jtaooma .yasv-mi.1.
The graduated Income tax is Imnosed
upon all Incomes of more than $150 a
rear, ir the aama rule applied In Amer
ca, a book keener who gets tlAO a nuinth
would be -required to pay $78 a year In
come tax. Any person so fortunate as
to enjoy an Income of ISO.ooo a. VMr
must pay $7,426 tax each year, or nearly
k cwi wuuwijr, a street railway
is required to pay 20 per cent of its
gross receipts Into the treasury, la 11m.
ited to 1-cent and 2-cent fares, and yet
imuiugss to pay a n par cent dividend.
If any member of any city council In
the United States woud dare to suggest
that the street railway In Mm eitv mi
fares to cents and in addition thereto
pay a tax of 20 per cent of Us gross re
ceipts, tha whole town would say he
was cra.iv. But that is what they do- in
Japan and nobody, complains. One street
railway navmg some 60 miles of line,
suffered all this and then made so much
money la Tlividends that! the city gov
eminent decided to take It over at tha
city's price and pay for It In city bonds
at par, regardless or tneir market value.
inis is tne system a business man lit
apan naa to contend with.
Tobacco, unit and camphor ara gov
ernment monopolies, and all profit to be
made in those lines is converted directly
imo tne national treasury. Tne railways
are owned by the government, and while
the passenger service Is excellent and
cheap, the freight traffic Is said to suf
fer greatly. At any rate the revenue
from the roads is going into the general
funds and not tor Improvements. The
taxes on tne sale or aaka. tha natlnnol
beverage, and. other everyday necessi
ties oi tne neopie. were -already n nr.
mous but the diet has recently raised
them. There Is a consumption tax on
eating sugar and wearing clothes. Noth
ing under the sun that can be taxed is
left untaxed, and yet this is a country
where the farmers cannot eat tha Mrh
quality of rice which they grow, but
must export it to other and more fav
ored lands, while they Import inferior
rice from China for their own use. Im-
glne the American farmer being foroed
to sell everything he raises and buvlnr
inferlor stuff to eat! How long would
ho stand it?
Millions for Expenses.
Japan has about half as many people
i the United States, and about one
twentieth its wealth. Tet the Japanese
nation spent last vear t315.000.OOS. aa
against the United States' national ex-
endlture of $578,000,000, or mora than
alf of the American outlay. These fig
ures do not take Into account the pro
fectural and municipal expenditures In
Japan nor the state and city expenses in
the United States. -
The money spent by the United States
for army and navy expenses and im
provements amounted to $199,000,000.
Japan spent In the same year $98,000,000
for Its army and navy, or just about
one half of that spent by America. These
figures show that Japan Is spending
money at about half the rata the United
TAXATION BY
(The following editorial Is repub
lished from The Journal of April IS,
1908. The predictions contained In it
are now about to ba fulfilled! according
to eastern dispatches). ' ,
Since January last, rumors of a more
or less tangible nature have been afloat
that there would have to be advances
In rates generally on all of tha rail
roads to fill depleted treasuries caused
by declining - traffic. ' These ' rumors,
which originated In , Washington, were
persistently circulated as though soma
one in official life was feeling the pub
lic pulao. It has how reached .a point
where, as so reliable a paper as the
Wall Street Journal says, "unless plans
fail there is every prospect of a general
advance in rates on all traffic lines
east of Chicago, which average about
15 per cent"; this aetknby the eastern
lines Is to be followed by similar action
on the part of the western lines. The
advance is claimed to be Justified by
depression in business ' The Wall Street
Journal very guardedly indicates what
has been done and the influence ' which
has been at work. It says:
"Taere Is of course no authority for
stating that tha president or any. mem
ber of his administration have approved
of - such advances in rates v. In fact,
as is clearly, pointed out, there Is no
occasion for an advance in rates' to
originate In, or be sanctioned - In ad
vance, by Washington. ,
'However.it can be stated . on the
highest authority that soma very prom
inent men in : the railroad world have
discussed the question of an advance
in rates ' not only with ths commis
sion,' but with ths president as well.
"Railroad men or much influence
have recommended to- the administra
tion that an advance in railroad rates
la the sole panacea for the present rail
road situation. It may also be said that
these suggestions - have made a deep
impression on tha mind of tha presi
dent." .'"' -..-.'..!"-..'., .-Hf.
It . would be . well ; for the people to
give heed to these intimations and be
on : their guard. The reports may or
may not be justified. - It might, how
ever, be said that the people of this
country are not hva humor for trifling.
If this conflict between the people and
can-fihe'Tnterests is to never cease as long
as " .these transportation ' companies are
in ' private hands, then there will ? ba'
but one end. If the people lose con
fidence in the machinery of justice, or
In the executive or legislative branches
of tha government in dealing with the
carriers. the(end is in sight. f
Fundamentally there is no distinction
between a tax levied by the govern
ment' for its needs. And a transporta
tion tax levied by a railroad - for its
needs. - If the principle ,. is once con
ceded that tha railroad under -tha law
can regulate Us tax or rates solely by
lis , requirements, tne samr as a city
Japan go broke? , Many -of the
States is spending' It. which Is in pro
portion to the fact that Japan has half
tne population, but is not at ail in pro
portion to the far-more Important' fact
that the United States has 20 times the
wealth. - Japan's "national debt is also in
the same proportion." being almost as
much per capita as that of thex United
Btstes, notwithstanding its greatly In'
ferior resources and ability, to pay,. , :
' While the ' Japanese government has
been prodigal with subsidies and has
spent a great aeal or money for educa
tion and for Internal- Improvements, by
far the-greater Dart of the taxes gath
ered and money expended has been along
military lines. Tne war with Kussia
increased the national debt from a quar
ter of a billion to nearly a billion, and
at the same time taxes were Increased
almost fourfold. The heavy Increase of
taxes was made for war purposes, and
It was promised that when the war waw
over the taxes would be reduced. But
this promlsa was not fulfilled. On tha
contrary the diet decided to continue the
war taxes In full force until 1811. and
tha present program of the ruling oll-
garcny contemplates"- even greater in
creases. - . ' . . r - , , x
TtMiti for War.
v Tha men who control the government
of Japan are few in number, but their
ability has been proven by the fact that'
japan naa eraerged irom a state or piv
1 lixation comparable -with that of Eu
rope In tha middle ages, and has taken
rang as a rivat ox tne great wona
powers. All this has been accomplished
under the leademhin of tha same men
who still rule the country. Men of their
ability and experience cannot fall to ap
preciate tna- lactnar-'tneir - policy m
draining tne country -oi lis very me
tiinod. TMa .hrtno-a tin tha nueation:
Why continue this enormous use - of
money in preparation for war? '
To that Inquiry there ara two replies
vouensareo. Tne Japanese in autnority
declare that It la merely to place the
military and naval establishment of the
f overnment on a sound oaais in oraer
hat war may be Insured against. They
deolare that a great army and navy Is a
fiecessity to an isolated nation; especial
y to one that la just beginning to com
pete with other great countries and
wnirn. tnererore. - mun Da rrpnaraa - iu
contend with envy and jealousy. The
other reply is thai of those students of
tha far east who- see In China the the
atre of the' next great world-contest.
Thev say that Japan, a country without
raw resources and without rich terri
tory, must find an outlet for Its en
ergy, if Japan can gain political ana
commercial control vf China It will re
tain - its piace among xne iirst-ciass
powers, supplementing in commercial
J'ar Its victory of arms. Therefore,
apan Is bleeding its own people in or
der to nreoara tha arm v and navv that
will back up Japanese domination of
China and assure the ultimate prosper
ity of the mikado's subjects, ' '
. Peopla reel Borden. ' -
Whatever may be the ultimate pur
pose of the present policy in Japan, Its
present affects 1 ara apparent and ap
palling. All over the country banks
are falling, the little factories are clos
ing down, the - people are- feeling more
and more the burden -oi-tha -great tax
ation. Business men who have upheld
the hands of the, governing party are
beginning to sound warnings to whioh
the government turns a deaf ear. For
eign capital is frightened by the history
of the corporations which have been
taken over by the government without
warning,' Even the largest subsidised
concerns are leaning heavily on the few
?reat banks of tha nation. . Lopklng to
he future the Japanese business man
can see nothing out Dannruptuy.
The JaDaneaa statesmen, however.
look ahead only to tha glory of their
nation and counsel the people to bear
ail ins patiently ror awmie ' and tnen
Japan will be the England of the ori
ent, the mistress of the Pacific and
the queen of Asia. They will not ad
mit even tha possible danger of finan
cial disaster. With clever book-keeping
they shq,w the people how the debt will
be paid In a very few years without ad
ditional taxation. For the purpose of
playing to the foreign world they ar
range a great exposition 'at a cost of
many millions, all to be borne by the
government. Tney pian great railways,
great factories, great hotels all to be
paid for from the public funds. And
they believe that the virtue of the an
cestors of the emperor, and the match
less patriotism of the Japanese people
will bring, them safely through. . But
even In Japan there are business men,
equally as patriotic, who csjnnot eeeany
other result of the present policy bat
national bankruptcy.
THE RAILROADS
or county,-then publlo ownership must
follow.' .' ", "'v.v
In levying a tax for publlo purposes,
tha taxing1 body makes and ' can make
no Inquiry as to , the ability of the
taxpayer . to pay. Tha money la re
quired. It must ba paid. , --?"
If regardless of .conditions, of valtie
of service, of ability to pay, a rail
road Is permitted to advance rates, then
tne power Is too great ' to be left in
private hands. In any other business,
to advance prices in the face of falling
?iarkets or declining; business would be
oily. But tha railroads are not to be
controlled - by the ordinary , ecbnomlo
laws. They must get their Income ir
respective of business conditions. Mills
may close, manufactories run on short
time,' merchants economise and thous
ands be thrown out of employment,
but the railroads must tax to ths limit
what they move. No matter If for years
past their business and income- have
grown by leaps and bounds, at the first
sign of a decline rates 'must be ad
vanced, thus adding to the difficulties
of those - In other lines of business
who have not been endowed with this
power to tax.
The business interests of the north
west have had an ample demonstration
aa to what arbitrary advances In rate
mean, as the idle mills and men t so
equally testify. A measure like the
Fulton amendment to prevent such ac
tion is quietly pocketed by a commit
tee nacked in. the Interests of the rail
roads without a-word of protest but
If . these reports are true a raise In
rates may be agreed on In advance of
a hearing, It la difficult to believe
that these, things-can be true,' vet . It
would, ba well y for shippers to be on
their - guard and lt their , wishes be
known.;;;- .'K i, .. .,. .
Much wight be said of the 'fatuity
of the railroads in pursuing this course,
of the failure In results which Is cer
tain to follow, but the principle in
volved so overshadows alf other con
sideration as to make such discussion '
at this ' time seem almost puerile. -
This Date in History !
1706; Leopold. I, 'emperor of Austria,
died. - ! . ,. -
1758 Andrea Masxena, tha greatest
or Mapoieons masnais, born at Mies.
181 Oswego, New-York, taken by a
combined force of British and Cana
aian
troons.'
in.' ' -,
1859 Alexander von Humboldt,' fa
mous naturalist, died in aBerlln.
Born
there September 14, 1769. - . "
ere i
1862
Henry u. Thoreau, poet, aiea.
Born July 12. 1817,
1868 Argument In the Impeachment
trlnf of President Johnson cloned.
1S82 CroWn' Princd Frederick .Wil
liam of Prussia born. .
. 1806 Morek than score of lives lost
in a tornado near Marquette, Kansas.
1907 Rev. Jiohn Watson (Ian Mac
laren) dled. Bora November 8, 1850.
TieREAm
Community Gardening. " T J r5
0
NE of the newjdeas" that is gain
ing ground in certain suburban
districts la that of planting the
flower, garden in- a community
schema ; so that V tha t whole
neighborhood becomes a beautiful pic
ture, instead of . presenting,: a a Ms-, so
often the case. ' a hi Atnk v a nna a mm ' '
with one garden color scheme conflict-;
mg with that of another, and the whole
presenting an appearance of haphazard
planting. It . offers an opportunity also,"
or fostering the community spirit In
tha neighborhood.-with -sufficient chance
for cornnetition tn null. iii fni.....
ing. . f . - .. ; .-. '- V . ..
, in our favored town . the idea could'
be worked out to perfection, and now
is the time, if the idea is to be takvn ;
up. With a little consultation and'
friendliness anv of Portland's auKurha.
or for that matter, any city street may ,
ba made a beautiful picture, gladden-
it is evident enough to anyone tht
umeining is. wrong when a bed of
purplish magenta petunias . ecoupies - a
place in the foreground, of a garden and
in a similar position on the next neigh-
hi),'. ... 1 l i .
geraniums or
r"' t"y"" ckiwiiii awn scaiiei
Salvia. : -,V-':-.rV--,
With' a little- common nnlltanaaa iiiil
consultation such glaring errors may be
avoided.. The mistakes made by one of
a group of gardeners in this community
method may be made the basis of tha
education of all tha rest, and It Is of
COUrse not neceaaarv that tha aama man
should grow the same thing year after
years If ha does not want to.,
Most of us, however, have our fav
orite flower, tha thing that we under
stand and therefore obtain splendid re
sults from. With one It Is rosea, with
another brilliant annuals, with- another
sweet peas. What is urged in tha com
munity gardening Is that each -ona
should grow the thing ha httnaair hat
loves, If his choice of a location does
not conn let wltn the color scheme of
tha -. waol --- plan. - --n
A group of neighbors In small east
ern suburb triad the plan and their
results are interesting, aa told , in Su
burban JUfa: s'.,. '..,; t - ,!;. .r.,,;'v
One neighbor liked tha Sweat Wil
liams they reminded him of his - boy-
hnlH Hav, .Tut lit mnth.. ...!
bloomsso last summer, from a strait.
gly few stalks of (the flower tucked-"
away in secluded corners of tha garden,
they were elected - to a' tilaca of honor
and, holding sweet sway, they stood In -
ineir primness au oi a .neignt, xrom
tha front gate to the house, on each
side of tha path. Near the house they
parted and wandered around the build
ing out of sight. A large, oval bed
was cut for them In the center of the
fin a lawn. ItlH avarvhnriv atralahraray
felt the charm of the scene aa he passed
by. - . " '.""
In tha next flower garden, snare was
devoted to pansles. A mixed border to.
the lawn glowed like a jeweled mosaic
A round bed held white nansles: an
other, large yellow blooms; and a third
bed, all tha delicate purple shades. Low
veranda boxea were filled ' with the
blooms to match the border, not a bit
of the box showing, the drooping vino
MMflMtln. 1 1 -
"Tha householder whose garden ad
joined tha pansy-lover's chose aliy
pinioned sweet peas, and trained theaa
In a beautiful luxuriance. They grew
up the latticed verandas, and Over tha
wire fence that separated the garden
from the street. I was not aw ara that
there were so many beautiful shsdea
of color until I had followed my host
ess from hedge to veranda trellis, and
other sweet pea arrangements about
the garden, such aa a fan-shaped trellis
on the lawn, and the column of sweet
peas. This latter was a decided nov
elty. A cylinder of chicken wlre-fenc-Ing
was made, four feet high, and tha
avines trained upon it.
"One of ' the gardens that deserves
special ; mention was that of . the ge
ranium. They were grown ' from seed
the previous summer, and,' whesf cold
weather came, they were fine stocky
plants. When spring came, they were
planted In their pots that Is, the pot
were sunk"" in the soil to form a round)
bed In front of tha dining-room win
dow; others made a bank of bloom
against the house walls In ail tha
geranium colors."
In thta connection a suggestion may
ba made of a combination of bloom
that Is seldom seen and which la one
of tha most brilliant and servloaabl
schemes for a Portland home Imagin
able. It Is simply scarlet geraniums and;
La Marque roses. One of ths bright
est pictures that memory brings up to
me, is of a garden spot about the old
water power-house of the Contra Costa
Water company In Oakland, whera this -combination,
soma years, ago, was held)
to entirely. The, beautiful glossy foli
age of tha La Marque with Its shin
ing ' snowy whrte blooms against' tha
walls, climbing over tha rough stone
work, and the foreground given up ta
masses of glowing scarlet in the gerani
um beds. It was strikingly beautiful.
And one desirable feature for the olt
dweller,', or tha uburbanlter moat of
whose spare' time. Is spent In getting
home or getting to work again. Is Uiai
these two, once fairly established,' need
very little , care. The geraniums wilt
bloom well along Into the fall, and out
tings from, them w'll root. readily and
ba ready for the next season. There
are other white roses equally desirable)
and as showy as the La Marque, and
perhaps more' prolifio of bloom. Soma
of the other white roses which do well
here ars Climbing Kalserlne (Mrs. Rob
ert Peary), Climbing Made Gulllot,
Madame Alfred Carriers (tinged with
yellow), - Coquetie , aes .Alps,- uoquetta
des Blanches, Mabel Morrison. Margaret
Dickson, Mervllle da Lyon, Madam da
Wattevllle (called tha
villa ' (called tne tuiii
lp rose ba-
cause of tha tinted edge of tha petals).
Madam Host, Madame ' Joseph
Scnwartx,. Bessie envg tttngea . wi:a
yellow), 'Florenca - Pemberton, . -: Fra
Karl Druschkl. Quean, Bride, Balti
more Bella. , whfta La Franca. Kalseria
Augusta Victoria, White Mam an Coohet,
wicnuriana, wnito xxamoier, rsyen
(tinged with yellow) Debutant (a
Wicnuriana seedling) and Ivory, tha
white Golden -Gate. -"Our tendency In
a amall garden Is to have too many
things, hone or wnicn ws tears su
premely , for. Wlth the community
scheme, we should obtain - better re
sults -individually as well as help ta
form a mora beautiful and harmonious
whole. . -) ."-' . '. - -f-.
at at at .. ,
The Daily Menu. . '
BREAKFAST. ' '
Cereal with cream.
Minced ham on toast with poached eggs. -
... . soiree. . . . - .
LUNCHEON.' ' . ' '
Broiled lamb chops. - French potatoes.
Apple Dutter. enm sauce. -Jam
tarts. sTea. .
DINNER. . ' '
Okra soup. Broiled shad.
Baked egg plant. Dandelion green.
. cnocoiate oiano mange.
- Coffee.- ..; " ' -
Chocolate blano mange One ouart of
milk, one cup of sugar, half package
of gelatine; half teaspoonful salt, tea
spoonful vanilla, three, tablespoon fuls
grated chocolate. "Sos k the gelatine 10
minutes in half a cup of cold water.
Boil the -milk and add gelatine and the
other ingredients (the vanilla after tak
ing from the fire), t strain into molds
and let , stand - to , harden.
y .-. r :
- - '.iij Aa to Colon, . i
If the sun were blue there would be
only two colors In the world. blue and
black; or If It were red -everything
would ' be red or black.' In the latter "
case . there would be red snow, red '
lilies,- black grass, a black cleary sky
and , red clouds?. There . would be a
little veriety, however. If the sun-wera
grren. Thinps that are now yellow
would still remain that color, but titer'
would be no reds, purples, orange . or
pinks and very" few of those cherry -hues
that make the world bright and
pleasant. ' Besldea color the temperas
ture-of this earth would be very much
changed. i