THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND SUNDAY fllORNINC OCTOBER 201 1907 THE ALf fiBlffiira V.OFAlILLIOAfAIRL Jamuel Hilly Hobby the Duildind of Good Roads Throughout the United Staiej. . " ffrJll Percfes QAMUEL HILL, "of the United : , States," is a millionaire with an altru istic mission. His home is in Seattle, Washington .'. state, but his missionary activities and his 7 &crness to aid mankind, distribute his help ful efforts over most of the states vf the Union, so his friends call him "Samuel Hill, , of the United States.' Good roads form Mr. Hill's one great absorbing hobby. No matter whether im proved roads are needed in his own state, in -, Pennsylvania, Ohio or Missouri, he is always r ready to devote his time and his mians to 7 helping the beneficial work along. He says. he would rather leave behind him a monument of good roads than a prom inent record in the United States Senate. He is devoting his life and his fortune to im proving the nation's highways. It consists of one room, with a stenographer's pert inent adjoining. Us appointments are simple. On tha window facing tha atreet la tha plain sign, "Samuel Hill, Lawyer," but It la very rarely that law ta discussed within, unleai It pertaina to good roada or good road legislation. At ona aide of thla room la an extra desk, occupied by Samuel C. Lancaster, formerly a consulting engineer of Jackson. Tenn., and ona of tha beat good roada axperta In the United Statea. For yeara before locating In Seattle, Mr. Lancaater was an authority on thla work who waa often conaulted by the United States aecretary of agriculture. It waa through this department of the national government that Mr. Hill waa brought In touch with the expert and, once determining hla qualifications, took him to Washington state at his own expense. A few months ago Congressman Richmond P. Hobson undertook a campaign to teach tha farmers of Alabama, among other things, the benefits of good roada. Me first Journeyed to Washington, where he sought the advice of Secretary of Agriculture Wllaon, aa to who waa tha best man to be secured for demonstrating. 'j.lta UMfulnaaa.. But today Minneapolis points with prlda rJo tha stretch of driveway and Mr. Hill haa received hla --Uanka. i: . ,.:;.! -V;, .' v ; Tha work In tha beginning, -or whan Mr.'HUl took It . up, was not encouraging. Ha had traveled "extenalvely, and knew of good roads contributing to tha upbuilding of thickly settled portions of tha East. - t ' Ha had figured out that between Washington, D., C. . and New Tork city, a dlstanca of 238 mllea by PennsyU . vania Railroad, there waa a population, of 8,600,000, or on ; ' tenth of tha whole Inhabitants of the United Statea.; ' Betweea New Tork and Boston, a distance of ta mllea, there was a vast settlement, , '. . TTa w tha rilA miifl mAm rf Ptnnvlvttnla ' whlfih ha knew in boyhood, converted Into good roada and lined Then he compared tha 470 miles across tha state of Washington, with Its scattered farms, and said: "If tha atat of Washington Is to oontlnua its prosperity, It must bav good roada to Indue Its Increasing population to direct its attention to tha cultivation of the soil." la the movement In Washington b has had the sup port of tb press, regardless of politics. Ho has pushed hla work in Washington, yet at.no time haa ha felt too busy to take a train to an adjacent or distant atat when b thought bla presence waa needed. , ; It Is hla life's work, and h expects to devote the re mainder of. hla days to tha cause, In the same way h baa begun. ... -i r 4 5 'ot W:': -- 'Jtri!" ' :Wft-aiM1aJaUw 4M A Fighting the Chestnut's Enemies V 3- 4Qu&.fS&yf'!' Wort ?rer ffrrrr&sxtZj: HILB Andrew Carnegie builds flbrarlea as monumanta to his memory, while John D. Rockefeller and others endow universities and Mrs. Russell Sage Is giving away 870,000,000 for - varloua purposes, Samuel Hill, the college-bred mil lionaire, clubman and lawyer, haa dedicated his time and - fortune to the construction of- good country roada . throughout the United Statea, and especially In the state of Washington, where he has eatabliahed hla home. 'Schooled In hla boyhood under Alexander J. Cassatt, ' the late president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and In middle life becoming the son-in-law of James J. Hill, builder and master mind of the Great Northern Railway, Samuel Hill haa cast aside the mantle of buaineaa and taken up tb cause of the people tho dwellers In the rural districts. - . For years kie has been an enthusiastic leader In the good roads movement Today he Is Its leading exponent, whoa aid and influence are sought and given In every atat In the Union. jHe gets out of his expenditure of thousands of dol lars annually naught but the knowledge that be la con ; trlbutlng to the common good and aiding the country's ' prosperity by encouraging thousands of people to go back - to the aoIL APPLIES RAILWAY METHODS Samuel Hill, like his famed father-in-law, James J. Hill, has apent the best years gf bis life railroading. As president of the Minnesota Eastern, one of the Hill lines, ba demonstrated his ability, and that branch of the Great 1 Northern was never more prosperous than under hla management. - It la not astonishing, therefore, that In the building : of country roada he appllea railroad methods. Where Jamea J. Hill straightens curvea, bores tun- nels and reduces grades that freight may be transported at a more economical rate. Samuel Hill Is using his time, money and will in paving the rura". districts with a net work of solid highways, over which the farmer can haul to market or shipping point, at less expense, many ; times the amount of grain or produce h piled on hla wagon in the days when ruts and bogs occupied the line of travel. , Although a member of twenty-seven clubs, located from New Tork to Seattle, moat of which he finds time to visit every year, Mr. Hill takes more pride In the fact ' that ha la an honorary member of the Farmers' Club of New Tork than all the others combined. ' At present be Is about to begin the construction of a 81,000,000 residence located on one of the most sightly viewpoints In Seattle. But his office. In one of the old fashioned .buildings in the heart of Seattle's business dis trict, would not attract attention. r " c' win -" tlon. Then Mr. Hill began demonatratlona tn different parts of the state. A mile of specimen road waa built at his own farm, 1 and stretches were constructed In various counties. Mass meetings were held, at which Mr. Hill was tha speaker. He told the farmers that the average eost of hauling over the wagon roads of the United States waa 80 cents a ton, while the cost for this same load In the state of Washington waa 81 a ton. He gave them figures, gathered at hla own expense, showing that In France It costs less to haul farm produce and grain'" by motor cars over good French roads than It does by railroads In that country He showed that In King county, Washington, alone, more than 11,600,000 had been spent on roads, and there was but one mile of good road In the county. The sentiment of the farmers was aroused, and tha work In the state, through his Influence. Is further pro gressed than In any other poorly roaded state in the country. "We want that man for United States senator," cam a cry from an audience at a Washington meeting. Mr. Hill raised his hand. "I have an ambition, but It Is not to sit In the United States Senate. I want good roads In every state In the United Statea, and I want to tv remembered by ISITORS to the Chestnut Qrov stock farm of C. K. Sober, In Northumberland county, Penn sylvania, recently bav witnessed a most In terstlna spectacle four hundred acres of - Paragon chestnuti with tha trea loaded down with maturing fruit, . About ten years ao thla same land was barren mountain side. At that tlma Mr. Sober waa beginning bla experiments to reclaim thla wast mountain land, and was removing the worthlesa logs, brush and rub blah, all that remained of a heavy growth of chestnut and oak that had originally covered tho mountain. A great change baa been wrought In ten yeara. That mountain aide la now covered with more than 70,000 Paragon chestnut trees, grafted on nallv chest- ' nut sprouts, and the most of these trees are loaded with bura Soma young trees contain only three or four burs, others will yield a quart of nuts, and f: m a few of the largest and oldest trees Mr. Sober will gather thla year one-half bushel of nuts each. Mr. Sober has shown the possibility of turning larg areas of land In thla commonwealth that are now entirely unproductive to usefulness and largely In creased value. ORDERS EXCEED SUPPLY Last year on carload of chestnuts was sent to , Washington state, and this year orders have been received for over alx carloads, but tbU U more than Mr. Sober can furnlah. It Is estimated that the crop this year will amount to nearly 1500'bushela, and will sell readily at from 85 to 87 a bushel The chestnut Is not free from enemies, and Mr. Sober says the success of Its culture in America will largely depend upon whether or not the Insect pests can be controlled. During the last Ave years Mr. Sober and Professor N. E, Davis have made extensive ex periments, which seem to prove that the Insects csn be controlled. Cleanliness Is the method suggested. Of the Insect enemies, there are two which cause most of the trouble the chestnut weevil and the bur worm. At harvest time all nuta are gathered, the good and bad. Mr. Sober would rather have a good nut left In the grove than a bad ona The larvae of tho weevil remain In thi nuts until Secretary Wilson's reply was Lancaster. But Lan caster was engaged by Samuel Hill In work that could not be delayed In Washington atate, bo to Hobaon's re quest Mr. Hill replied that Instead of sending Lancaster, he. Hill, would go to Alabama himaelf. He did go, and for several weeks devoted his time and means to the beginning of a movement which Mr. Hobson declared will mean the revolutionising of roads in his home state. Mr. Hill does not favor a national good roads asso ciation or government appropriation to carry on the work. He has had his experience with a national asso ciation, accused some of those in it of graft, dissolved it, and then came to the conclusion that state associations are the only proper means of carrying on the movement. He doea not approve of government aid, .believing that It would create a grabbag. But he does believe In state aid by legislative enactment, and at the last session of the Washington Legislature caused to be passed the first' good roads bills to assist the movement. Others will be forthcoming at the next session two years hence, and on the Washington laws, when com pleted, he expects to start movements In all other states to secure similar laws. He has gone further. A few weeks ago he secured the promise of the board of directors Of the State Agri cultural College at Pullman to establish a chair of good roads at that institution. When the position is created Mr. Lancaster will be its first occupant. In the preliminary work that has been done by the Good Roads Association of Washington state, every step has been figured with a precise knowledge of the details. One of the first things Mr. Hill did waa to apply rail road methods to the work. He had blanks printed which he sent to every farmer in the state, asking that the In formation sought be filled In and tha blank returned. This information related to the distance each farmer was from market, the condition of roads hauled over, the nuraW of tons or bushels hauled at one load, etc. Much of this information was used to secure legisla- it a -.4. ':f L. -..fi .-N'r 3 It ii t ' . .... : wjJ ."yex V 4 x i & Av Ant ia, 7!w, ft' rV irijXjT' .... U-'-t.jJ jajyt them when I am gone." Probably the first actual roadbulldlng done under the supervlejon of Mr. Hill was eighty-five miles, leading from Minneapolis to and about Lake Mlnnetoka. Thla was completed while he was engaged in railroading in Minnesota. In the beginning it was called "Sam Hill's Folly for the expenditure. It was asserted, would far exceed NoOneHajt Jeen the Herode Law. Fjnr, yes, indeed; I have ears. ;-?'" I here, :1 nope that little ro inance is relegated forever to the ' dark bag that: holds the things con soled to eternal oblivion! ' "Just because everybody remembers seeing me always with my hair dreeod la Botticelli they irnngine I - must have, been : born withont those cunninff little doors to the sot4 with which. Nature traces cither side of the head, . . . . I i www S .. k kmkk H M ' ' -; "Thi1 hope that little rc VV mance is relegated forever to the I IsL f t IKZ1 I s -a-: '-aia ' jjt swesssawuM, ... back that, as I grew older, I confined it within modest, unobtrusive bands. I did it just to get rid of my hair without cutting it off. People said the bands were becoming to me. So I have kept to my girlish style in hairdressing. That is all there is, or has ever been, to the mystery of Cleo de Merode's ears." "When I was a child I had such a regular . cascade of hair falling all about my. oeck and c LEO DE MERODE beautiful, puzzling, mysterious. thrilling Cleo driven to desperation and violet ink, accompanied by excellent portraits of herself, with herself studiously unaccompanied, by her- famous ears, writes thus of the mystery which has made- more talk In Paris during the last ten years than all the brains the great Bernhardt has had back of her ears during the same decade; and the great Bernhardt is no kindergartner, either in high art or free advertising. Cleo is now worth a million, and she is an artiste. She used 'to be a danseuse. Before that she was a ballet dancer. It la no breach of either confidence or etiquette to recall the choreographic pulchritude of FannyJEllsler, whose most lauded beauties were those very members which raised her feet to the heights of her profession about six inches above her ears. And the present pulsating generation rejoices to Its inmost heart to gaze into the veiled deeps . of Anna Held'a alluring eyes. Or fond memory may turn Its ap preciative gaze upon Olga Nethersole'a lips, or upon Mrs. Carter's Vesuvian hair, or even upon the Bern hardt's and Terry's plain, unadorned human Intelligence. But all of them had something worth talking about. It took the unique, unadulterated genius of the alnu oUs Cleo to focus popular attention upon something that was nothing, to work up an International discussion over a hirsute hiatus, to use a vacuum to mystify all the dramatic critics. The million minnows of humanity swept after her in guessing, admiring shoals. Even Leopold, king of the Belgians, became entranced. After that Cleo of the Bandeaux became a stock holder in the Anglo-Belgian Rubber Company, the Kasal Trading Company, the Congo Superior Railway, the Stanley-Pool and Katanga-ltimbiii Construction Com panyand most of the other companies which urge the gathering of rubber in the Congo Free State by cutting off the ears and other superfluities and utilities of such free black citizens as prefer not to gather, rubber. ' Sometimes nowadays the Botticelli butterfly dances the Jeweled dance of Senegambia; or she makes a tour of Austria and Hungary; or-she inspects her real estate , investments in Ostend, Dinant and Hamur; or she re tires to her chateau In the Belgian valley of the Meuse. About her ears?- Well, she says she has them, quite aa pink and pretty as the ears of anybody else. But no one has ever seen them at least, they hav never been exhibited in public. And while the theatergoing public -has guessed and speculated about the M'erode ears, their owner has gene on -coining money. She is among the world's most cele- -b rated and successful actresses, and haa made her for tune largely by her unique method of hairdressing. they are full grown, when they leave the nuta and bury themselves in the ground. Fortunately, the larvae are not full grown until after harvest time. Thus if all nuts are gathered there are few weevil that escape to reach maturity. Of couiee, not all the nuts can be gathered, and so It will oe Impossible- to exterminate them, but they can be controlled. This was proved last year. N The bur worm lives not so much in thj nuts as In the bur of the chestnut, but they Injure the nuts by eating; large Irregular shaped holes into them. This does not so much injure the nut lf It Ik used at once." out it maices the nut unnt lor marKei, ana sucn nuis mould quickly, and so are a great loss. Professor Nelson E. Da Vis, of Bucknell University, has worked out the life history of this enemy, and norr Mr. Sober lr confident that his two worst enemies are conquered. Another enemy is the red spider. This Is one of the mites, and lives on the leaves of the chestnut. It thrives only In the warmer parts of the country, and has caused but little damage to the grove. A dry hill side situated on the south side of the mountain and containing about ten acres has been seriously attacked; but as practically the entire grove Is on the north side of the mountain, little damage is expected from this pest. When It occurs In abundance It can be combated with any of the washes found useful in destroying scale Insects. Chestnut trees grow rapidly, and one can scarcely conceive the changes that ten years more will bring to the chestnut- grovtr.- Fire, wind, rain,-hall and thieves are enemies which may be "controlled In part or wholly, but the success of the cultivation of Para gon chestnut depends upon whether or not the Insect pests can be controlled. Mr. Sober believes that he nuw has the upper hand of these pests. i Squared All Around IT IS tha busy sovereign that does the work, as this story proves, says the London .Tit-Bits, "Mr. Brown keeps a boarding house. Around hla table sat his wife,' MVs. Brown; the village' milliner, Mrs. Andrews; Mr. Black, the baker; Mr. Jordan, a carpenter, ' and Mr. Hadley, flour merchant. "Mrs. Brown took 1 out of his pocket and handed It to Mrs. Brown, with the remark-that there was 1 toward the 2 he had promised her. Mrs. Brown handed the sovereign to JiVs. Andrews -the milliner, saying, 'That pays for my new bonnet.' Mrs. Andrews In turn passed It to Mr Jordan, remarking that it would pay for the carpenter work he had done for her. Mr. Jordan handed it to Mr. Haaiey. requesting -his receipted Dill for flour. Mr. uaaiey gave it oacK to Mr. Brown, saying, A That ays 1 on. my board.' Mr. Brown again passed It to iVs. Brown, remarking that he had now paid her the 1 he had . promised her. tine in turn paid Mr. Black to settle her bread and naatry account. Mr. Black handed it to Mr. -Hadley, asking credit for the amount on hla flqua bill. Mr. Hadley again returned it to. Mr. Brown, wun ui: remara -mat it semea lur iiuh wees s Doara, whereupon Brown put it back In his pocket, observing that he bad not supposed a sovereign would go so far."