THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. SUNDAY MORNING. OCTOBER v SO, . 1807. . 1 i w. M in' -i ir i i w rz iw., s 1 I 1 1 A 7 K 7A v r r ni ifY .v ff ill A V WW k II AIWVI- .S 1 1 II ST sSS St. Ss' . ' r- J irJ ' - - J 1 0 X b. . ivSmm Mm fe ' : . - ' : F T w 1 1 " " " " if J. r 5- ..2R r 0 r y as 4 "'f ' iv '.W'Aw. .Viiirrrrirnri'f'ia) 1 EXCAVATION FOR LOCK NO-1. 000 FEET BELOW UPPER ENTRANCE Jor C5te?f& EVEN to the curnory observer of development In the northwent, the aut-cASAful and early com pletion of the Celllo canal stands a a factor of titanic Importance. To the atudent of economic conditions that exist today in the states of Ore gon, Washington and Idaho, the enor mous strides which every line of In dustry and every agricultural pursuit has taken during the past few years, and the greater advances to be made In the next decade, the government pro ject of opening the Columbia .river pre sents transcontinental and even Inter national features. No work undertaken In the United States In the past quarter of a century means as much, will have accomplished more or will have proven en great a far tor in solving the regulation of mil trafflo and relieving the serious freight congestion throughout the great north west as this channel to be dug from Celllo a distance of something over eight miles to the head of navigation at the Big Eddy. Recent months have shown beyond all reasonable doubt that not even the building of new railroads or the dou bling of the trackage of those already projected across the great stretches of the northwest will relieve the conges tion of traffic, the rapidly accumulat ing and constantly Increasing products of this Immense territory. ItifxT: 'ilk, it "Sjj? 1 4 Y 7 rfir t 'tHe,,?,- gf , K-Mf 'S, TH ' 5MALL SECTION OP OBSTRUCTIONS TO NAVIGATION WrtlCH CANAL WILL OVERCOME: Columbia rivr VIEW UP PIEff FROM SITE OF FIRST LOCK m FROM THE.MLLE5 TO CELILO. ft lyf ' Great Problem of Northwest. Rail transportation cannot solve the problem which faces the great north west. Tho railroads themselves have said so. Development of the resources In this empire of varied industries has set too swift a pace for the transporta tion companion. Forest products, mine productions, ths harvests of the enormous grain fields have Increased in the past few years from 25 to 50 per cent. Rail roads, laboring under the impossible feat of securing new rolling stock from manufacturing plants hanging U to 18 months behind on their orders, have In creased their carrying capacity in the same length of time only 7 per cent. James J. Hill summed up the sit uation not long ago when he said that $6,000,000,000 would be required to pro vide' adequate rail facilities for the wonderful development In the northwest and that to expend this vast amount in the proper channels would require a period of 60 years. Here then ls the problem which threatens with serious mien the prog ress, vitality and life of the richest domain In the United States. It Is a combination of dismaying circumstances which must be met. The solution lies In the Columbia whose broad surface is ready and waiting for the hand of man to accomplish that which nature left undone. - The Celllo canal will relieve the con gestion which has already stunted ths frrowtb of manufacturing enterprises; t will open and placa on a paving basis the future . highways of trafflo to be built to th banks of the river; it will transcontinental freight rolling west ward across the prairies to the natural water level grade to the Taclflc ocean. Vast Empire Is Interested. Two hundred and fifty thousand square miles of territory In the three states of Idaho. Oregon and Washing ton are vitally Interested In this work of surmounting the obstacles in the Co lumbia river through the construction of tho Celllo canal. Interested because in this government work it sees sal vation from rapidly multiplying trans portation difficulties. Tho hope of the future, the development of Internal and oriental trade, the complete mastery of the Pacific is here. Probably not more than a small hand ful! of legislators In the halls of con gress and only a small percentage of the residents In the regions lying trib utary to the Columbia basin are rully cornizant of the vast, unlimited possi bilities of an open river. cognizant of the vast. Here Is found not only the solution people of the serious phase of its traf fic conditions and the urgent necessity of overcoming the obstructions in the Columbia. Today the whole northwest Is raising its voice In Insistent demand that the national government place Its work on such a basis that early completion of the canal will be assured. The great territory facing the Pacific, acting un der the prodding Instincts of self-preservation, cannot countenance any other course, and It . is believed that congress this winter will lend the assistance nec essary to ward off the crisis into which uncontrollable and relentless conditions are rapidly drawing a vast region of productiveness. Briefly, the Celllo canal, plans for which were approved bv the secretary of war four years ago, is a project for a continuous channel on the Oregon shore from Celllo falls to Big Eddy, the latter located at a point about four miles above The Dalles. The canal proposed has a length of eight and one half miles, width of 65 feet on the bottom, with looks J00 feet long. It is the purpose of the government to build this canal to avoid the natural obstructions In the river which lie be tween the two terminals of tho project. of the transportation problem of tna northwest, but of far greater Import ance, of greater national and interna tional bearing, is the development of a territory larger In area than a doxen of the Atlantic coast states the set tlement of a region supporting now a scant million of souls and which is oapable of supporting 26 times that number. A great water artery of commerce from the Pacific to British Columbia will be opened. The Columbia, the Snake, the Clearwater and the trlbu- 3r hfghr, WffleTUS: Continuing Contract Is Imperative. ucts or millions or acres win oe turned into these natural channels of trans portation, and the stimulating influ ence in the cultivation of millions of more undeveloped acres will be spread to bear fruit. tling the life and development of an empire be done away with for all time to come within the next 36 months. To meet these urgent demands the government will be asked to plaoe Its work on a continuing contract basis. Under this system the work would go forward In a dor.en different places along the line of survey. There would be no delay. With the government's sanction back of the work, the tremen dous public Interest would open the way for available funds to tide over the contractors whenever tho congressional appropriation became exhausted and be fore another was made. Aside from the continuing contrpt system the legislative delegation wul advance another method for hurrying the canal to completion. It Is within the province of the government to is sue bonds to pay the cost of construct ing the canal. Just as bonds are being used for furthering the Panama canal across the isthmus. inasmuch as future generations will largely as the present one open river, a bond issue Is viewed with no little favor. The cost of the wofk would then be distributed over a period of many years and the tax upon the people evenly distributed. MiviNr. m 9 I llf V PLANT FOR CONCRETE WORKS profit from the benefits of an as Above Rig Eddy for a distance of eight miles trie rivers cnannei is cut oy sub- ... - merged rocks, reefs and rapids which Insist Upon Hurried Completion. Engineers have estimated the total cost of the canal at 15.000,000 and un der favorable conditions, they say, tho project could be finished within three years. Inr from tho vlrinltv or inree mho rapias is also in force and will b completed early in tho coming year. In addition to the thousands of cu bic yards of earth and rock which have been excavated at the upper entrance at Celllo falls, a concrete wall 31 feet In height with a foundation varying In depth from 10 to 25 feet has been con structed on the river side of the canal basin. This, with the exception of a few minor details. Is the total of the Work accomplished at the present time. Eight miles of excavation and lock building remain to be done before the great northwest Is freed from the strangle hold of traffic congestion and lack of facilities to transport Its won derful and constantly expanding prod ucts to market. But whether through the continuing contract system or by the Issuance of bonds, the expansive, territory border ing on the Pacific insists only that DOCTORS ARE NOT GOOD PATlfeNTS SUPPOSE it is treason to my suptt- allowed to us th thermometer a often rlor officer to say so, but doctors are certainly not easy patient to manage," remarked the trained nurse. "At least, this has always been my experience, and moat nursta. you win find, agree with m In tha matter. I have recently been nursln a atrument Just aa l M la the. act of l through tvnhoiA kA m- ... handin It to him. Of opraa. I apolo gia ror T carelessness ai sucn nra, I as he wishes, h can fret and worry over tha result enough to and his tempera . tur up materially, mot than one. rather than axasperat a, physician pa tient by a refusal to let film have the mermomeier, and rather, at me same time, than let him know just bow falgb ma tever was. i nave oroppeu ine in- physlctan through typhoid, and nay ex perlenoe with him was typical :t the cases of th profession in general. "Doctors know altogether too much for. their own peace of mind, you furnish the means of reaching a mar ket without disastrous delay, regulate Public Pretrore It Strong, present rail rates, encourage production and consumption, prove the greatest Public pressure towards-, furthering factor In the upbuilding and aettiement the work of the Celllo canal haa dou of the northwest and provide in addl- blej during the past few months as a Neither the sum to be expended nor the time required to complete the work is prohibitive. But the great north west, whose future is. so largely de pendent upon gaining water communi cation from the vast Interior regions to the sea, will demand that the three year time limit be not exceeded, that the work be finished, the canal opened Northwest Awaits Answer. When the Imperative demands of this territory on the Pacific are made known in congress this winter wtll the government give the assistance re- the Celllo canal be completed in the quired to open the gateway of freedom Eacn hew symptom la recognised, and shortest possible time. The destiny of from conditions which constantly grow If ltls an unfavorable one, why, the the whole country through whih tha more embarrassing? patient's Weakened condition usuallv northwest rivers flow hinges upon an In tJJe answer lies the development leads titfflr to lay great stress Upon It. B,y"lf f14 lh early completion of the work. and progress, the hope and future ot an Then, alnca he has always been In a po- L!LAtmlt,.u!it Only. small fraction of the Chan- StlMSZM.K net WHICH win carry ships In safety Z.. . . xen ers from -har. an ho Is disposed ttf -Ty rictral. Bl llic in 1 110 lUJ U III D1& r- r Mimii , viuivioa oiltt mwj rxrri ign tu irfi ; - y, , . ., - T neaa and the regret really does aot. have to be at all assumed, for I am at the ex pense of buying myself a new. ther mometer. - i ... -v- -- ' . .--" "At one tini I had an Inaecorate In atrument. which aerer registered hlgit enough, and I usM to call It my doctor thermometer By a little dexterity I cotild substitute this for me one I actu in area. elon to issue orderr to the nurse, he y - has been dug. The contract for the mn 01 la6 tern districta "'where first half mile of tha work. Including tn government has spent ror the 1m the first lock, was let two years ago provement of rivers and harbors ten and excavation work is rapidly nearing times the sum asked to Complete the Uon a means of egress for the vast fuller realisation has dawned upon tha and conditions which ara new throt- oomploUon, X aeoond contract provld- Celllo canal the ordinary catlent re ceives as a matter of course. "'But perhaps the most troublesome thing of all is the mania which the tlo" tor has for taking his temperature. If he has a moderately hUU feree. mai 1 r Fthel 'I to niftrry 1 i,i A i . .. : tie I. t it 1-