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UPPER, DESCHUTES
S V E-Fj o o o r -
bear Camp
Ko&eburt v.
Southprn Oregon ,
? S?W . IT'X
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near "Pendleton? Ore
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ombmed Harveiier
Pendleton Ore
2 .4
Donkeu at Work. Hauling Logs
Crater Lake Lumber (o
CRATER LAKE NATIONAL
PARK.
M
OUN'T MAZAMA. on the sum
mit of the Cascade mountains
of southern Oregon, in whose
ancient volcanic crater Crater
Lake rests, and the surround
ing territory of scenic grandeur, have
been made a national park by an act
of congress. This new playground
of Uncle Sam's, with its 249 square
miles of area, of mountain peaks,
lofty crags, deep canyons, beds of
lava, plateaus of grassy fields, deep
forests ot hemlock and pjnc, and a
thousand rippling streams, bids fair
to become as famous and as popular
as Yellowstone or Yosemitc. It is
yearly visited by tourists from all
parts of the world, but on account of
the distance and more comfortable
means of transportation the number
is small compared with what it must
inevitably be when the Medford &
Crater Lake railroad is completed.
During the glacial period Crater
lake did not exist. What is now the
majestic sheet of water was once
illed with a towering peak, the great
st peak of all the mountain range,
many times greater tlran oven ShaMa
or Hood. This old volcano regularly
erupted its fire, lava and a-lies upon
the surrounding territory; but. like a
spendthrift, he wasted his substance
and became a liolh.w, a mere shell
rf a mountain. The fire of youth
died away, and afterward came the
chill of old age. On the fatal day,
described by Indian legends as the
day on which the "Bridge of the
'Gods" fell in. the old hollow ni.uin
tain, with a thundering ro;ir ami a
crash that shook the world and up
turned half a continent, exploded and
dropped within itself It was one of
the greatest tragedies earth has ever
known. With completion old
Mazama. the ancient volcano, uu
longer looked down upon the Mir
rounding peaks of the Cascades.
Nothing remains but the has,-, which
forms the rim of Crater lake. How
this wal half filled with water, and
remains so year after year, century
after century, with no apparent out
let or inlet, is a mystery beyond
man's solution.
Crater lake is oval in shape, ix
miles long and four miles wide. The
22 miles of shore line are sheer prec
ipices towering from 1.000 to 2,000
feet above the surface of the water.
These surrounding precipices, though
only ragged portions of the old time
base, are mountains in themselves,
some of them having elevations of
over 9,000 feet above the sea. At
only one point- can the water be
reached; this is at Eagle Rock, where Castle Crag,
the wagon road leads up to the brink Cliff. Saddle
If"
'ill!
THE DALLES yOFiE .
PAC TO fZY DISTRICT.
J
tornadoes, Oregon presents an ideal
field for the pursuit of agriculture,
horticulture and stock raising Crop
failures arc unknown in this state.
Countless waterfalls, precipitous
mountain streams, matchless forests,
and developing coal fields vouchsafe
cheap motive power. From the falls
at Oregon City, 12 miles above Port
land, on the Willamette river, there
comes sufficient energy to light the
streets, propel the street cars, and
move the wheels of most of the mills
and factories of Portland. Ir. Oregon
there is yet one-sixth of the standing
timber of the United States.
Power is cheap in Portland. Raw
material is cheap in Portland. The
climatic conditions are ideal in Port
land. Portland's transportation facil
ities are not equaled by those of any
.other city on the Tacific coast. I hese
facts are the reasons for Portland's
ability to successfully compete v ith
the older manufacturing centers ot
the cast.
4M4tHlfcti
11
!. - "ff- g-- 4 "4
ORE 60N LUMBER COM PAN Y-rlU S AT DEE , OR. . .
IRON ORES IN OREGON.
h'ew states in the union contain
more iron ores than Oregon, but not
withstanding this, little effort has
been known to exist. The large quan
tity that is yearly consumed in build
ing houses, bridges, etc., and the high
prices paid for it, are due to the fact
that Oregon's supply has been im
nrted from distant sources, subject
to heavy freight and other charges,
CINNABAR IN CROOK COUNTY.
On Lookout mountain, about 2tf
miles east of Prineville, rich finds m
cinnabar have I en made, samples of
the ore running as high as $227 in
quicksilver. The ledges from which
these samples were taken show a
width of from H to 40 feet. Numer
ous claims have been located in the
vicinity of the discovery claim, and
a company said to have plenty of
capital has been organized to develop
covered with perpetual snow, and in
the cool shades of the hemlock for
ests, great banks of snow remain the
entire summer, making it a most de
lightful camping place.
The water of the lake is cold and
pure and sweet. The entire park is
one great solitude, reigned over by
the wild things of the mountains.
Standing anywhere on the caldron's
rim and gazing dow n upon the dec p
blue surface, or looking out across
the miles ami miles of mountains, one
sees no life save that of the wild, and
hears no sound save the dishing of
the waxes against the rock or the
vhispirs of the wind through the
hemlocks Once in a while a snow
white pelican flies slowly along the
lake's border, then settles on the blue
surface, far out. . mere speck.
Two and one half miles from Eagle
Rock, though it seems but a stone's
llir.nc lo otli' w lio statute .'Mid look's
acn iss
which rises to a
above -the water,
ard island is a
smaller crater, fi
name and, phantom-like, disappears foreign
when ii wed from changing positions
and lights from the shore.
Mediord is the nearest railroad
point to Crater lake national pai .
and it is from here that tourists i.d
campers prepare for the journey and
stall on the interesting trip. The
road lolhiws Rogue river, through a
land of scenic grandeur. The river
torrent at every point, with
and waterfalls. Mills Palls,
balls and the Natural Bridge
ed en route, and the way
o through the center of the1
Cascade of upper Rogue forest re
serve, the greatest forest of sugar
pine in the world, and which is itself
a natural park and is under the guard
ing hand ot I'ncle Sam's vigilant
rangers during the summer months.
The distance from Medford to the
lake is S5 miles, and as ideal camp
ing places with splendid hunting
is a w 1 1
c.i s cade
Blanket
an- pas
!e:,,K :d
s cone-shaped Wizard island, grounds are everywhere, the journey
pleasure and tin-
helght
111 the t
I S4s t.-et
,p of Wiz-
dcprcssioii, in'
with sin ,w , but
which was, no doubt, the last smok
ing chimney of the great volcano.
There are a number of snow
capped peaks- in Crater lake national
Park, among them being Mount Scott
and Mount Thielson, the latter an al
most inaccessible peak of flinty rocks
and known as "the Lightning Rod of
the Cascades." Nearer, and around
the lake, are I.lao Roc k, The Pali- .
sades, Round Top, Sentinel Rock.
Eagle Rock, Red Cloud
Mountain and Duttoii
s one ot extreme
ndmg delight.
A MANUFACTURING CENTER.
Pe.rtlaner
is not due
supremacy
present proud position
lone tei her commercial
eir financial strength.
market.-. The output of
Portland's mills, founelries and fac
tories finds a market ne it alone along
the Pacific coast, but in a large meas
ure is brought into competition with
the products ed" the lemg-cstablisheel
manufacturing centers ef the virld.
Portland lumber, for instance, finels
its w-'- noi only to all parts of the
I'niteel Slates, shipments even going
as far as the Atlantic seaboard, but
also mto Ninth America. Atnca, the
Philippines and the
tlu- old wori-i. Portland s tlour is as
well known in the ports eif the orient
as at home. Portland-made furniture
is rapidly invading the territory long
claimed and held as forbidde-n grenmel
by the great furniture facteines of
Michigan and eithers ef the eastern
furniture manufacturing centers.
Portland-made art glass is honored
by orders fmm far-off New England,
The nroducts of Portlanel's packing
ho ises aid in ke-e-ping semi and body
toge-ther in bleak Alaska. These arc
but instances of the range taken by
the products of Portland s manufac
turing plants. As much coulel be said
of many either lines ed manufactures.
Aside from the excellent trairspeir-
MINING IN OREGON.
According to the United States
geological survey bureau there are
2,170 mines of different kinds in the
state uneler development, the great
est number of which are gold ami
copper, while in seme portieins of the
state deposits of some kinds of min
erals arc found which do not exist
elsewhere in the United States. Ne
table among these latter are the e. -bait
mines eif Grant county, said to
have been the only discovery of this
valuable mineral found in the coun
try. The principal mining counties
in the order of the number of miners
ct.iploycd are: Haker. Josephine.
compelling dealers to keep a large and the ore bodies. Crook county corn
graded stock on hand. The cost eif prises a vast area of territory which
iron in erecting fire-proof buildings; jlas l)een practically untouched by the
the demand for mills, water and gas prospector's pick. An occasional piece
pipes, and feir railroads, is increasing of f I. .at showing the yellow metal
year by year, keeping pace with the will be brought in from the summer
cxpansiein eif the several branches of range by some observant shcep-
thc industry, until the requirements herder, but these finds arc rarely
will be so great that the raw material traced up, as the seasoned prospector
scattered so abundantly throughout has maele few incursions into these
the state is hound to be utilized. v.ountains. Many rich finds will yet
The consumption of pig iron in t,e maele in that region of the Blue
Oregon during the past year has mountains, and it may be that a new
been nearly 10,000 tons, and the price Eldorado is awaiting the reward of
about $30 per ton; of the other kinds some searcher of hidden wealth.
three times as much. A company was
formed in 1866 at Oswego, seven BORAX.
miles above Portland, and has been '
conducted with varied success ever Large deposits e.f borax of soda are
since, smelting pig iron, iron pipe, fenind in the marsh lauds of Harney
etc. Up to this date it has produced county, covering an. extent of 10,000
some 200,000 tons and is now manu- acres. The product is shipped to
facturing iron pipe. On Scappoose V inncmucca. Nevada, a distance ot
, , i liUllillllK H"H
Pacific pe.rts of Jackson, (.rant. Lane, Uougias ana . f p 150 mjiCS- This seida borate is cov
land, a large bed of iron is known to erect with a layer ot salt six inches
exist, which is said to' be about 200 thick. It is composed of sodium car
feet thick. Near Columbia City iron bonate, sodium sulphate and sodium
ore of a good quality is found. It is chloride, ahmg with the borax. Dur
about 30 feet thick, with shell marie ing the hot weather in summer the
overlaying it and coal of great thick- material is shoveled up, dissolved in
ness beneath it. No attempt has ever boiling water and sulphic acid is add
becn made to determine the quart- ed. The solution is then decanted anel
tity eir quality of either, though there boracic acid precipitated from the
seems to be a promising outlook for liquid. About 20 per cent of the raw
material is borax, and the yield about
Coos. Other counties have extensive
mining interests, already of some
magnitude, which will continue to
grow. At present there arc about
3.370 miners in the state who draw
an average wage of $3 per day. Esti
mating that they work on an average
two-thirds of the time, the amount
paid them annually in wages is $2,
022,000. January 10. 1907. the direc
tor of the mint at Washington made devdopmcnt.
a preliminary estimate of the gold
400 tons annually.
A CITY OF OPPORTUNITY.
Portland is one of the cities of op
portunity that the west is offering to
residents of the older eastern com-
havc played no unim
m her prosperity and
of the rfm, whence a winding trail Cliff
has been cut down the lake's edge. Just under Ihitton Cliff, and not
The lake's surface is 6,239 feet above far from the shore, is a craggy little
ica leyel, and the water has a depth islet known as the Phantom Snip,
of from 2,000 to 6.000 feet. All of Its rugged hull, with rocks' towering
-Manufact ure-s
portant part
growth. It would be strange, in
eleid, if Portland, with her money
power and transportation facilities,
should not make material preigress
along manufacturing lines. All the
elements essential to successful man
ufacturing, with the possible excep
tion of population, favor this rity
and silver production of the United MINING
States during 1906. Oregon is cred-
ited with $1,369,900 in gold and in Eastern Oregon probably ha the
silver, fine ounces, 100,000. Oregon richest gold mines in the world. With
estimates of t h gold yield last year the increase of every 100 feet in
place it at 158,000 ounces, valued at depth on some property is an increase munities as a field for business oppor-
tation facilities with which Portland $2,640,000. Senithern Oregon placer f 30 per cent in yield, according to tunities and enterprises. It is one of
is favored and her expanding markets mines are estimated to have yielded Professor Lindgren of the United the healthiest cities in the world. Its
there are. many other favorable in a half century $32,000,000. States geological survey. These val- situation is beautiful as .well as ad-
ues- will continue to a depth beyond vanta'geous and it is growing faster
which they cannot be mined at a than any other western city.
enter into Portland's
a manufacturing city.
agencies that
advantages as
First and foremost among these must
be meld ioiieel an abundance of raw
material tributary. Cheap motive
PETROLEUM NEAR SEASIDE..
nrofit with anv of the nresent mcth-V
Four miles south of Seaside there ()(ls He believes the deposits extend The prune. growing industry in Ore
have been discovered indications of downward 5.000 feet. Nearly everv eon is of large importance. No other
power is another important factor, oil in the mountains adjacent , to Elk Oregon county contains some sort of fruit brings as much money int,o Ore-
creek. Samples ot nick nave neen mjnerai The annual product of Ore- gon. Large orchards: in the Willam
brought in that are strongly impreg- KO1 mme!i js estimated to be over ette valley produce prunes ..that can-
A company is oeing $10,000,000. All the leading minerals not be excelled by any other state
are to be found in Oregon. and the crop never fails.
while favorable climatic conditions
must come in fer a share of credit.
also Everything that can neissiblv nated with oil
Hut eve n the limitations imposed be grown in the temperate zone organized to prospect the find
upon manufactures by the local irtar- grows here te perfection, and at the
ket. elue- to the absence ef a large minimum cost eif production. With
peculation, are more than compen- no extremes of heat or
Thirty acres of 9-year-old orchard Street railways in Portland employ Portland has a free public library
cold, no in the Heod River section netted its nearly 1,700 persons, who earn $1,- with several branches, containing 50,-
jtbe peak surrounding the lake arc like the masts of a ship, suggest the sated for by the constantly widening drouths, no hail storms, cyclones or owner last season $598.50 per acre. 200,000 annually. 000 volumes.