THE .OREGON - SUNDAY JOURNALS PORTLAND. SUNDAY MORNING, AUGUST 18, 1807.
I!
' anyway, with your permission ' I'll trjf
It I'm not afraid of , curses ftnd tra
dUions." .'....!,' ""V. ,.- .',;:
. Bo Pendergast went on hie knees ftw'
triad the key after aoma vigorous ef
forts on his part tha lock yielded, anJ
tor me nri ume jor neany tnree sen
turles tha lid wai raised and tha oon
tents revealed to tha light of day.
ounaiea ox neauy uea jip aoouments
"Now It la for you to am
these documents for ft soliift to th
mystery.'' Pendergaat saiKrisina-' t.
his feet "It tha bags 'contain-, gold
there la clearly a fortune hera.,r3 .
The documents proved to b moitl;
private lettera belonging to John Cam
lorth, of no Interest or use to tha pre
K- mJI nnilHrl ItiA ' TUm a4-l -
UUk luv IW mu mmtmmuMj vua., t.iw Alio pili pwim 1iliUIi
line onto tha reel until tha action was you know thatt" aha asked.
' ' ' CHAPTER T.
; ajpOHN Pendergast could hart sworn
, I tha door bad closed with ft banc
I a ha opened his ayes. la fact so
' J eonvinee& was ha his sense of hear
S tag had not been deceived that ha
Jumped to- Ms feat and swiftly crossing
- tha room turned tha handle of tha floor
and puUed it. But It yielded not to his
atrength, and tha next moment directing
, - hia attention to tha key, ha found It
; was even as ha had felt It an hour bs
' lure when he had locked tha door
, Wgalnst possible Intruders,
i. Unlocking tha door, ha opened It and,
'! urolng into tha passage, ha stood Usten
v jlng. The house was as quiet aa ft tomb.
., ;He turned Into his room again, closing
'the door behind him. and. taking bis
oat at tha table, picked up bis pen to
.' wontlnue tha writing of a atory of which
tie had been eg&ged before lunch.
But his thoughts would not run, ex
... ept to tha dream that had troubled his
fflesta. It waa a strange thing he bad
v dreamed. Aa ha slept In hia chair he
saw In a vision tha form of man In the
- eeat opposite him, the quaint-looking
," .figure of aa old man, with snowy-white
locks framing a cadaverous wrinkled
face of parchment-like hue, which lacked
tha right aye; and the man was dressed
according to ' tha fashion of tha first
' .Charles, : .- -
"You must go to Bradport'' he had
") Mid. leaning forward in his chair, "you
' must not change your tnfnd. There la
work for you at Bradport."
Then Pendergast. feeling sore at so
- unwarrantable an intrusion, had asked
what the old man was doing there, how
lie got there, where he came from, and
f what difference it made to him whether
lie went to Bradport or to Jericho,
"And what am I to do when I get
there T" had been his query.
'i "Things will work themselves out"
Than the dream had become mixed up
- as only dreams-do, and Pendergaat saw
himself fishing on the bank of a stream,
, 'from whoa waters faces peered up at
Mm, faces young and old, of men and
i -women, pretty and ugly, pleasant and
(unpleasant; aoma laughed and some
'cried, and some swore terrible oaths of
vengeance. , Fists were raised our of
;the water and shaken threateningly at
.himself, ha thought, until ha looked
(around and saw sitting at his aide tha
.name queer-looking Individual who a
moment before had sat In the chair.
He asked tha old man what It all
gneant
"All those people ow their deaths to
'me," waa tha answer. "And many more
;muBt die because of me unless you go
to Bradport. There Is one I want to
wave; she must be saved. She is too
.stood, too youni
nheT" and he
g, too pretty to die isn't
had pulled a miniature
from his neck, to which it waa attached
by a blue ribbon. ... .
Pendergaat gased on ft sweeter face
than ha had aver aeon before the beau
tiful face of a, young woman, in lha
bloom of youth.
"You will save her? Ood Mass youl"
And then suddenly the old man had
risen from tha chair and made hla exit,
closing behind him the door with auch
a bang that It had recalled Pendergaat
from the land of phantasies.
CHAPTER II.
A matter of ten dsys had Pender gas t
been at Bradport, enjoying such good
sport that ho determined to stop another
ten, and ao a week beyond tha period ha
had promised himself, If Importunate
editors did not call him to town. Often
as ha sat watching hla restless Una and
float his thought reverted to his strange
dream, and the face of tha girl haunted
him In the smoke rings which rose
lailly from hla pipe and hung in tha
summer air.
Things pursued tha even tenor of
their way till one morning four daya
before that of his departure. Ha was
trolling by tha side of tha stresm won
dering where he should cast his line,
when, with a start, ha came to a dead
atop.
Although ha had never been at thla
particular apot before, he could have
wagered he had. for he was familiar
with every tree, every bush, every
blade of grass; and looking across to tha
opposite bank, where there should lay
an old. square, rusted biscnlt tin to
complete the scene as he had gazed on
It before, ha waa not surprised to find
that article reposing there. He asked
himself how came it that he knew this
place so well, and like ft flash he found
the answer. Hera was the spot at
which ha had sat in his dream two
weeks past
He remembered it with ft shock.
Could it be that things were going to
"work themselves out"T He looked
about him, half expeottng to see the
strange old man approaching, and had
that Individual made his , appearance
Pendergaat would hardly have oeen sur
prised. But not ft soul waa in sight
- Admonishing himself as a supersti
tious lout, he dropped on to the grassy
bank, determined to stay. His first op
eratton waa to replenish his almost emp
ty pipe, hla second to fix his rod and
oast tha line. The girl's face was
framed aa usual In the smoke rings as
he watched them slowly ascend, and his
thoughts in this direction absorbed his
whole attention until the thread of
them was broken by the distant bellow
of a cow; then he dropped his eyes to
the stream to find that the float had
detached Itself from the line and dis
appeared, while the latter had run to the '
bottom.
With an exclamation of disgust he
atonned unexpectedly.
'weeds, I suppose." Pendergaat
growled; "have to lose line and hooka
as well," and ha was agreeably sur
prised to find, on pulling persuasively,
. that his anticipations were Incorrect
for whatever It waa that tha hooka had
attached themselves to roae readily
without offering resistance when he
again turned the reeL In a few minutes
It was on the surface when he swung it
on to the bank, where It revealed It
self as ft small, - Irregularly shaped
packet. Closer examination showed
that tha outer .wrapping waa ft kind of
(kin bound round many times with wire.
Wondering what would .repay him for
his labor, Pendergaat aet himself to re
move, the wire and covering, to find be
neath the latter ft euriously formed
key. and ft small leather bag, from
which he extracted an oval-shaped min
iature, .
"This beat anything X ever heard of."
said Pendergaat aloud, putting hla find -In
his pocket "Seems aa though there
ia something in dreams anyway, in thla
one, after all. I'll pack up and return
to the hotel to elicit Information which
will throw some light on the-matter."
and suiting the action to the word, he
He smiled and continued! "Not ex
actly ft Christian gentleman either, ha
gentlemen go now, at all events. People
he didn't like disappeared mysteri
ously." The brown eyes were filled with sur
prise, i
. "How do you .know thatf" -;
"Judged ao from his manner ftnd what
he said when he visited ma"
"But he'a been dead ft few years," aha
laughed.
"The evil that men do," said Pen
dergaat "You know the rest. But It's
shame to mystify you so. Still, the
atory Is too long to tell here. I am
going toward the village, If Z might
intruder'
"No intrusion. Jump up, please." -
"First I must get my rod and bag,"
looking down the road to where they
lay. 'I'll not be a minute."
Bhe watched htm fro and return, and
then making place for him beside her,
drove on.
"Now you must tell me your story,"
she said.
John Pendergaat did aa requested, re
lating his wonderful dream and the conversation.
'But of course," ha concluded, "I
disjointed his rod and pecking the sec- never thought there was anything in It
tlons together sUrted ftlong the dusty until I" , y. -.
"Until r
' "Till I recognized that part of. the
stream and fished out this packet, and
i forgot to tell you, but there waa a
ey In It"- ' -
He held it out and aha took it In her
hand.1 1
"And you think now?" she asked.
"I don't know what to think," he said
road.. 4
it ever ft man was destined for sur
prises that day that Individual wag Pen
dergaat He stood and rased with gap
ins; mouth at an oncoming vehicle, for
. the driver was ft lady, young and pretty,
. the lady of the miniature) 8 he glanced
down at Jack aa ahe aped by and looked
back when ahe-had passed. He stood
In the middle of the road, speechless,
gatslng after her. .
For a moment surprise had paralysed
him,. robbed him of apeech and action,
but only for ft moment; the next.be had
dronced rod ftnd baa- and wasv renin
after the tran ahoutlne- hla loudest Rha laua-hed,
heard him presently and stopped. When, . "Pendergaat," he answered, "Christian
out of breath, he reached the vehicle it name "
waa some seconds ere he could find "Pendergaat!" she cried, and her eyes
speech, and then for the first time the gased with' terror into his "Good
dlffloultv of exolatnlnar himself struck heavens!" and ahe moved awav from
him, for be recognised that although the nlm along the seat "Pendergaat of
story he had to tell was wonderful Trelowenf . -""
enough from hl point of view, the . ' "My great - great great grandfather
woman would proDftDiy regard him aa a uvea tnere, i believe, and bis ancestors
naamu. - ,! ,
' "You washed; to speak to mer she
asked, finding he said nothing. "I am'
In a great hurry."
Pendergaat found his tongue.
"Yes," he answered. l have seen yon
before that is. I had ft dream an old
man came to me I oh I can't ex
plain here," he stumbled on, "but look
here, does this not belong- to your' pull
ing the portrait from his pocket and
handling it to her.
Bhe looked at the painting long and
steadily ere she spoke, the color mount
ing to her cheeks, and the light of ex
citement filling her eyes.
"It is strange," she murmured pres
ently. "Where, did you -find itr
"In the stream over yonder," Pender
gaat replied. "Stolen from your place
recently?" he suggested, interrogatively.
"No." she said, ,: "It's not me, nor
mine,"
"But." the novelist expostulated, "the
likeness almost, almost"
"Gives me the lie." ahe laughed. "I
know." She examined the miniature,
carefully turning, it over.
"But look here," bending out of the
trap and Indicating the tack, "it Is
dated and signed. The date Is still
visible, 1031, but the signature la too
faded to read."
Pendergaat looking saw it was aa she
said.
"Still it suggest some ancestor,"
said he.
"Your surmise la right," was the an
swer. "Time of Charles I." he went on'.
"Daughter of an old gentleman with
one eye right eye missing."
V"v S ' iff "
j
laughingly. 'There Is certainly more lighted ft wax match to gaae upon the isted between our families? Y6u nevr
ll "m. ntiiBt-eri?roui1 portrait of the old man of his dream, knew of the curse that was brought on
FtVwL'?1? counterpart, and the one eye our family by my ajicestor-a ftetTon ia
2E?Jr Tou K hvwl 1 tola 9 Jrour seemed to glare into hla face defiantly, kuijng the huaband of one of your n-
"SK.'! u- Tha match Vent out and he lighted an- cKr .eteaJlng his birthright"
' And I don t know iroura" aha wn. v . m la all n t mm' m d Patiap.
w ULIltfil . BJKI IUfn Wllllfl I1S9 WHfl BVLJ1I " ' - v --- -.- -w.
other, and then while he -was U11
regarding the picture the girl's voice
broke the silence.
"Will you please come with me?" she
naked. ".., ,
He turned swiftly round with a
guuiy iook on his n
from i
ent generation whatever, and many were
gone through ere they came to one
paper signed John Carnforth ftnd bear
ing on his crime, the curse It entailed
and his Intentions to make amenda for
hla misdeeds. The bags, it stated, con.
talned gold representing the value of
the estate he had stolen from the Pen
dergast family. He directed that
should be returned to them, for then
the chair.
"I'm afraid you'll think Jna. awfully "f P Jtom his couch, his sleek hand
fer rude," he commenced. cjjlstwtohed ed trembling, he cried:
ber" h'ra-; 5t hy thia uroriser'. aWered without- ft trace of dlspleaaure In ember of our family Should die before
j "jr-"2,r'.7r,'"7 t " ",,uwrL ner voice, ana ne lea tne way from tne r7,i';"4 wl e"i .
she answered. ", "He wiU answer your room down a long passage to a door. . hve all. died. , I ftin the next, and then
HA " . Bha ' 111 V BlflLBl.
Question," vn., in ki, . .. mv sister.
Ana since you Know my name, tell .aia- d Duttina- her hands on his . . Pendergaat rising
ma voura" ha ajalrnd.
jTJon't ak ms," she replied, "he will
tell you. i If you knew when you know
you will hftte roe."
CHAPTER IIL
waa not a cheerful looking mftnsion
shoulders, and
"You will have
you would- be cruel.
Oh- ft.- A,
ing in, closed it behind
gast, astonished. "And as for curses"
"YOU don't believe in them, I see."
Pendergast laughed. "Not when they
are centuries old' he answered.
"WelL listen to me. When John Cam-
ace, and got down Pi. fV?X ., . 7 u.r. A?" he felt assured the terrible curse would
voeiwi us a- w a v iUi awu mbs iiih sawoai - avtriAn
"So," said Elisabeth, who in the
meantime had entered the apartment,
"ail these bags are your property, Mr.
s "Nonsense!" .said h. "It's too ab
surd 1" . , ..
But Howard Carnforth waa of the
same opinion as his sister, and insisted
from
look ng into hla face; M . r felt his flesh creeping, lon hI "' tnalated
mercy? I don t Uiink "I cn't believe It; it's too inhuman.' at Pendergaat would have to accept
rue!' ' . '. , t "V. " '3ut it is truej" persisted Cranforth. his wn. . ' ' -
e door and John, walk "I ft 29; Elizabeth, my sister, is S3. It is your duty to take this money,
o uuor, anujuau, Wilis" t .-. -JL...-i , il ....... Xte Pamlornil " E-)lnhoth M '.(Vim
aim. ai iae .... . u ..jil. ....... !,. it - lo.l A ,.
farther end his eyes fell -on the form of cav . my predecessors married out
tnir. nnM .. & man stretched on ft cdueh. in the "-. BUt Bon" "r "wmw ui
. . vuunn nu. r......k, n,,iyt ..i,. ... u
wnetner ne waa young or oia, dui as ne
must take it; Indeed you must.
"Well," he said at length, "If it wilt
rive von anv aatlafaf lion." looking from
"well, eandldlv." said Fandera-ast. "I one to the other. "I will accent the
. .. . v " ituduiw iid c w uuiik u. j 1 1,. lui n i.Q . - ' . " - . - - -
rrom tn exterior. Ha saw thia a they innkoH at him ha thftWhf mivht h don't believe in curse. I reckon tney inoney, &ut"-
annvrkajlthafl It hV thai ArtWat V M t aA ..m . . , t T " 7 4nat m . MthtAn vk.maalvAa Aaka Vi UAevat4 vtanal .am n VU
bftft fti a it v7a kiiciuavi w vss vw uvwvii Aivnniu n 1 wnfM vt ill a uanug Q-I1U
du are doing the same." Elisabeth the other, their eyes looking
uarnrortn was not to oe convinces tne tnantcs tneir lips reiuseo to speak,
i don't bear me any animosity?" "But," he went on, turning his ga
apnroaohed it by tha drive that led un .i.v... ui. ... k j
irom the road. PlntnH anrl hn InnkM Ilka a man anf.
e,,i nfltfth 1 nt5- iT 72 ?ot S10? cheerT f erlng from some wasting, incurable dis
ful. It waa dark and foreboding, and ease
tZ,JZ V'??A?? PM"?? !! Pendergaat took the chair the other
sound of their footsteps seemed to fill indicated:,
th?Wm0l-)UI1,Jln.?' i v "Mr. Pendergaat," said the Invalid,
'JT1. walVhere, please?" she "my sister has told me everything
said, admitting him into room that your strange dream, your visit here,
smeHed musty with ago d want of your strange find, and your stranger
fresh air, an Ill-lighted apartment with meetino- with her.';
furniture in keeping, so far as years pendergast nodded.
must prepare my brother; he Is in Ill
health and any sudden shock might
prove fatal. You won't be impatient?
I must explain everything to him."
Pendergaat, left alone, roamed around
the apartment and examined the fur
niture and the pictures. He found one
with its face turned to the wall, and
wondered what or who it could be, and
curiosity getting the better of him he
determined to find out Dragging a
chair beneath it he mounted and turned
the picture round. It was in the shadow
and he could not see It well, so he
You don't know my name." re
marked the other. "Our family name is
Carnforth."
"Year
'"You don't seem surprised?"
I've never heard it before, Mr. earn-
he Inaulred anxiously.
"Not in the least" answered John. "I
think it is a, bit rough on you. And
there's no way of obviating thla curse?"
inquired Pendergast with humour in his
voice,
"I don't know," was the answer.
"Sometimes I think there must be, I
think that box there could solve the
mystery, but no one dare open It."
Pendergaat turned his gase on an
Ironbound box of oak which occupied
the corner Of the room and
gsxe
on Elisabeth, whose hand he held more
tightly tn hia own. I want you to be
my wife. I know it seems sudden, this
request, may be unreasonable, seeing
we only met ft few hours ago, but I have
loved you, Elisabeth, from the moment
I saw your face in my dream.
"It la not for me to say anything, my
dear, Howard said. "I believe Mr, Pender
gast joves you. i like hisv race it is
Open and honest a his speech. You
itnew your own heart. Do what it tells
inaulred you, Elisabeth."
1 y nBYsr lionru li uwui", mr. vol n- h . . , . "Anrf mn X viva vn,'- ha- " .u.
iVnTl rCP "WhrBnould "Well, the tradition 1. handed down said, "I love you. I felt It when my
i ica v oii v viio wuu i v wtou a v w im'
die within a month," Carnforth said.
"Has any one tried?"
"Not in my time. I did not think it
right to Imperil one's life. And the key
is lost"
"Perhaps the key will unlock the box;
Howard Carnforth rose on his elbow.
ft look of disbelief on his face.
"Never heard it before!" he repeated.
Then you had no knowledge of your
ancestors?"
John admitted he had not.
- "You never knew of a feud that ex-
eyes met yours on the road today.
"And now, knowing your name, I do
not nate you," answered John, taking
her in his arms. "You have proved a
oaa propnet, Elisabeth," and laughing,
his heart filled with a great joy, he
kissed her on the lips.
100 YEARS OF HARD COAL-Continued
ifrom tke First Page of Tkis section
A curious thing it ia to note that.
twhile the real birth of this continent
(was at a town called Plymouth, in
; Massachusetts, so the birth of this great
commercial world of anthracite waa In
a town named Plymouth, in Pennsyl
vania. 1 Yes, the analogy goes farther. When
coal was first mined in this little Lu
serne county village. It waa loaded onto
.an ark and the cargo floated down the
ner were very much like Franklin's.
This Is gathered from the tradition of
the town and from an old silhouette
the only picture of Judge Fell that
has been preserved.
As he bent over the grate, he held
conveniently behind his back, ao as to be
ready for use If needed at any moment,
hand bellows.
But as he stood there a few minutes,
and the wood embers died away and a
tons; in 1880, 28,437,142 tons; In 1880.
cite coal mined in the world come .from
Pennsylvania, but from ft very small
part of the state.
The anthracite fields are situated,
about the middle of the eastern portion
of the state, and Include the counties of
8usquehanna, Luierne and Dauphin, in
cluding an area of about 490 square
miles,
And from this small area there has
There are blacksmith 'shops, stables,
and the mules that once go down there
to toil rarely again see the light of day.
They become so innured to the darkness
or the flare Of the miner's safety lamp
; THE GOOD OLD TIME jS Andrew
Carnegie bays Problem ot Uur Age Is the
go'biinr"1 10 the Burface Tr Administration of Wealtk
Throucrh vein after vein of coal the
miners burrow their way with pick,
85,615,459 tons; in 1900, 48,107.484 tons, has been mined in the lifetime of an powder and drill, and as fast as the coal
ah the coal in those early days was uowsenarHm a nui ouuon gross tons
mppea in arics, eitner aown tne Xenign T ,
ictream to Columbus, Lancaster county, cheerful blue flame leaped from the
where it was gold. And at the point
(where that ark was loaded, curiously
enough, is a beautiful rock, overgrown
(with mosses and verdure, which the
.more poetic residents knew as "Ply
mouth Rock."
The New England rock received a new
:llfe from abroad; this in Pennsylvania
'grave out a new life which has made Its
ipresence felt in every corner of the
nation.
The name of Abljah Smith has not
found its way into the school histories
of the United States; neither has that
of Jesso FelL You might search
through all the encyclopedias printed
and not find a reference to either of
(them. And yet both were benefactors
'of the human race of not much lesser
luster than Edison and Fulton and
IWatta. ,
It is principally In the local records
01 his own town ana county mat smun
has been honored. There it has been
black stone and ud to the flue, the bel
lows dropped from the old man's hands
and. he broke into a surprised, pleased
exclamation:
"It burns! It bums!"
And so it did. The Whole town was
soon apprised of the fact, and crowds
flocked Into the Fell house to witness
the unheard-of "phenomenon."
Many scoffed and went away declar
ing the whole thing a trick, and refused
to even consider the burning of the
stone; but gradually most of the houses
in the town came to using it
Great difficulty was met by those who
undertook to introduce hard coal Into
general use. The people of that day
were acquainted with the merits of
soft coal and did not take kindly to the
new-fangled thing. . . .
So opposed were they to it that the
mineowners found it necessary to un
dertake an advertising campaign.
For Instance, in public places in nH-
In this comparatively brief SDace In
the .world's history America has ad
vanced from the last to the first coun
try; in the world in the production of
coal.
From ft strip of land which the pro
prietary government purchased in 1749
for $2,500, there has been realised
$4,000,000,000, the value at tidewater
of the coal mined.
small Quantities of what has been
cauea nard coal
told with pride about many a winter adelphla there were erected two grates,
fireside in the cheerful light or the
hard coal which he discovered how he
river or the Susquehanna river.
There were several sporadio attempts
to mine coal for profit after Judge Fell's
discovery, but the only operators of that
day who stayed in the business were
Abljah Smith and his brother, John
Smith.
They continued the business down
to the time of their respective deaths,
and their children conducted it after
ward. So here you have the first of
that lordly class of men who made such rninradn Kw Mevicn
an impression on these latter-day times Island and Massachusetts,
me uuiu uueraiuro. ao not agree tnat -
From that self-made hole that Abljah the fuel is such as
smith opened up in 1807 coal was be
ing taken in 1872. Yet how miserable,
how archaic, It appears beside the mam
moth coal breakers of today I
The price of coal land in Smith's day
was f S an acre; now it is far in excess
of $10,000 an acre.
Untold were the sacrifices' made by
these pioneers in mining coal. There
waa used no powder, which is the chief
agency of mining today. Pick and wedge
were the tools used. For mining ton
and a half of coal in a day this was
considered every good days work the
miner received about 75 cents, "
The coal was transported from the
mine to the place of shipment in earts
and wagons and deposited on the banks
or tne river to do piaoea in ante.
Is mined it Is loaded onto cars and taken
to the surface, . .
Many are the hardships and dangers
of a miner's life. At any moment an
avalanche of coal may topple down upon
him and crush him to death. The pow
der and electrioity employed also hold
constant peril to life and limb.
Frequently a lake of water breaks
away from restraint of the ' pumps,
which are going night and day to keep
tne mines ary, ana nooas tne worxings.
T
-&y Andrew Carnegie,
HB problem of our age
Is the
the whole stof It applies to
combinations tt human inrfnati-w
firnnei lulmtnfatrAtf nn nt WMLlth. . .. H
. niiiuiawq ana enlarged ny t n i jr r
that the ties of hrotherhood mav tlons of thi aMonttfi? ujSlr r
rormeriy articles were rtTvinufacturel
at the domestic hearth, or In small
shops which formed part of the house
hold. The master and his apprentices
worked side by side, the latter living
with the roaster, and therefore subject
to ithe same conditions.
When these apprentices rose to be
masters there-was little or no change
still bind together the ftchi and
.poor in harmonious relationship.
The conditions ot human life have not
only been changed " but revolutionised
within the past few hundred years. In
former days, there was little differ
ence between .the dwelling, dress, food
uiuiTiiiiiK LUUDD wiiu uiiiuuL j. crvuii Li I B ,. . m .. m . . Ill LI1RI r iriflflH fir 1 1 in sinn inotf in fllKn
1 vfteU tmLE heights or swim through the .darkness ana environment or tne enwr ana tnose educated succeeding apprentices In T the
ht a-MioeHaM wuaiy. , . " -. u uuu w- mine routine, mere was, substantial-
out geologists ... Carve-ina often block a man's wav and hi ,mii..i mm tvt. lv. social - emmlltv .n rxiifi.ni
to antitfa it to hi Jeat hlI? to slowly starve or suffocate visiting the Sioux I was led to the wig- iuallty. forlhose engaged in Industrial
to entitle u to be m hi, dismal grave before his friends warn of the chief. It was like the pursuits-had little or no voioe in tho
called anthracite.
The Pennsylvania anthracite field is
divided Into five fields, which, however,
for trade purposes, are grouped In
three, named the Wyoming region, the
Lehigh region and the Schuylkill region.
Of these, the Wyoming region produces
CO per cent of the coal output
Ninety-five pen cent of the anthracite
coal lands in the United States is owned
or controlled by the great railroad
transportatlonv?oompanles operating in
the state of Pennsylvania: the remain
ing five per cent is still held by private r
land. ' unuueu Thftn 00nje fearfu, fl, hu towftra th
When you are stared In the face by J?f?;towaI thJ 'I'v.ftt0&. t0ZYA
enroty coal bins, tha onlv knowledea.n air shafts, where, if. one;; be outck
hard coal you need positively have la K". VStSS
can reach him. TheVeoal at times others in external appearance, and even
catches fire and imperil those who are within the -difference was trifling be
near, explosions of powder tear men tween It and those of the poorest of
to pieces ana strew ineir xiosn aooui uis hi braves.
murky abyss.es. . ... , . .- - The contrast between the palace of
statei
The Inevitable result of such a mode
pf manufacture was crude articles at
nign prices. Today the world obtains
commodities of excellent Qualities at
But most dread Of all the perils Is the the millionaire and the cottage of the prices which even the preceding gener-
btack damp or fire damp. To prevent
this it is that the great fans at the
openings df the air shafts are kept con
stantly working; ; but sometimes a fan
breaks down, or from some other subtle
cause the ventilation, becomes defective,
and the deadly gas forms seemingly in
instant.
bought an ark for $24, loaded It with
60 tons of hard coal, and floated it from
Plymouth tq- Columbia, Lancaster
county, where t was used in a blast fur
nace. That wks In 1807. .
' The important discovery of burning barelv eecaDed
. fue! without an air blast came in the postor and swindler.
xoiiowmg winter on reDrunry u, iu,
to be exact at Wllkes-Barre. Luzerne
county, which by virtue of its coal bus
iness has become one of the largest
titles in Pennsylvania.
- . Hon.. Jesse Fell was a judge of the
rourt in Lucerne county; and waa a man
of practical mind, always experimenting
ftl eomeimng.
Now, from far down in the bowels Of the price and else, ffou must know the maZ u nd before they
and stokers were hired to give. oontin-
. -- ..M.-tMi Aa Af thai niivnins?
UUUn UJ31IUJ1BIJ ailUUO V s,evi I . " VV , AtVlll !.' UVHU ill IUQ UVVVIH V. jjvjw a4va Miami avu '"UOl AIIUFI UIIV
qualities of the new coal. Handbills the earth, the coal la loaded Into oars, difference between buckwheat, pea, nut, Y1?????:
invited citizens to attena. wmcn are run on suoterranean raiiroaa ess ana lurnsce sixes ine sizes
When in 1812, Colonel . Shoemaker tracks to an elevator, raised and trans- into which for convenience and commer
attemDted to have anthracite coal in- f erred to a 'surface railroad, over which ial -purposes the great chunks are
troduced into
use in Philadelphia, he they are taken to the breaker, where the broken at the mines, the process which
arrest as a common infer coal is broken, assorted and dumped has given its name to the "breaker."
ndler Into railroad cars. But It is well worth any one s while
Abijan smith did more than begin coai to go runner to tana a trio down into
from defective lam n -is almost certain
to reach it There is a terrible explo
sion, which kills dozens or scores of
...!S LSSi edr? ,nAmntha "ouaker thtotagT ho" originated th'i Tmethodol a coilmlneW see how the" product U Wn,' which .dislodge- thousands of tone-i wai
ri'-,rtPT iinotiMlnr the colonel 5'ast mining when, in 1818, he hired oug rrpm me eartn. how treated, how ?' "? ""5 J-"Z.I"I.SZ ""i..
as "a knave and a scoundrel" for trying jona iaigan. o t uonnecucut snippea.
, rnrt. for ; oaL tp come and experiment for him. . k Most
in ItnnnM tinnn them TOCkS Tor COat,
And he had given them the coal for
nothing at that, just to get them to use
It!
After several months of this kind f PThSy Vver
'So this man Flanlaan waa the : first form of drifts or slopes, ftolnar horlson
man who ever bored a hole and applied tally or slightly downward Into the side
a blast of nowder in a. coal mine in of a hilt
u u airrerent witn tne antnracite,
In mines. They sometimes begin as slopes.
tha fugitives unit imnedtnf tha woi-lr
of the soft coal mines are in the ' rescue.
The average price of hard coal
ations would have deemed incredible.
In the commercial world similar
causes have produced similar results,
and the race is benefited thereby.
The poor enjoy what the rich could
not before afford. What were the lux.
Hv Jjv become the necessaries of
lile. The laborer has now more com
forts than the farmer had a few gen
erations ago. The farmer has more lux
uries than the landlord had, and is
more richly clad and -better housed. The
landlord has books and pictures rarer,
and . appointments more artistic than
the king, could then obtain-. . The price
we pay for this salutary change Is, of
course, great - We assemble in the fac
tory and in the mine thousands of
operators of whom the employer, can
know nothing, and to whom the em
ployer is little better than a myth. J
All intercourse between them is- at
an Anrl.. T?1M MaatfA a. fnr-mmA
It Is easy to see how the chatige has as Usual, mutual Ignorance breeds nat-
come. -. One Illustration will serve for urai aiatrust.
almost every phase of the cause. In Each oaste is without sympathy for
the manufacture of products' we have the other, and ready to credit anything
;i .i .. - ..- - disparaging in regard to It.
unaer tne law or competition tne m
laborer with us today ' measures the
change Which has come with civiliza
tion, and IS not to be deplored, but
welcomed as highly beneflciaL It is
well, nay, essential, for the progress
of the race that the houses of some
should be homes for all that Is highest
and best in literature and the arts, and
for all the refinements of - civilisation.
Without wealth there can be no Ma
cenas. The "good old times" were not
good old times. Neither master nor
servant waa as well situated then as
And then comes something; more terri- would he disastrous to both not the
ble. Although every miner is required least to him who serves and would
to carrv a "aafetv lamn. when the gas awnen awav civlliaatlon with it :,
becomes dense enough spark of fire But whether the change la for good
or for evil, it is upon us, beyond our
power to alter, and therefore to be ac
cepted and made . the best of. It is
a waste oi time to criticise tne inevu-
WelL 'On that IPeoruary oay. . Judge advertising there win cut iff WHO h,a.. tin wkh i Knt niiJi i m nr intn ti,,
Fell built wood Are in the grate of would buy it. . , " ft profit of 5 to the operator. At one often hundreds of feet.
his home the ; house largely - altered. Indeed, so alow were .the people to time the price went up to $15. . . Down there you find TOUrself In &
la standing yetAt Wllkes-Barre, and give the coal a chance that It was not These are some of the qualities : of "subterranean city, excepting that there
after It had made pretty S.Progress until 1820 that the shipments became "anthracite coal which were claimed by are no residence or abodes such as make
lie poured on to It- a heap of the "black big enough to be considered worthy of ; the early operators and are still claimed the surface habitation.
rnna" which the furnace men had been statistical preservation. ( ! bv their successors, as reasons why it From the center where the shaft is
cl.ia to burn With the aid of a powerful . In 1820 the total shipments were but . should be considered a perfect fuel: ' there are avenues going- out in all di-
tliows. - ' $85 tons. .-.', "it gives great actual heating power; rections, crossing, and criss-crossing,
A he did so, tne oia junge mmav a ine louowing figures' snow how tne i is easy to Kinaie ana ourns rapiaiy; ana traversed Dy cars o raw n
n.,!nt nictura tbare rn the old-faabioned conaumDtlon inrrunmaA urinar enaAln ontnlna little earthy matter: contains ' or. in some Instances, ore
oo tn with its colonial furnishings. deead-ss In 130, 174,734 tons; in 1840, little or no, sulphury does not crumble electricity. These cars go to the utter
In this manner ". thousands Of - men
have lost their lives in the anthracite
mines of Pennsylvania.
A 1amI aA4ii1 wrmalrtvk a vtlaiMSft s1inftsi
great rats,; many . times as .large as loyal, more enthusiastic American dtl- plover of thousands is forced into-the
tnose - seen on . tne euriace, snare tne
sens.-' n - v!'. strictest of eoonomleBj-among which the--
In efforts to gain higher wages and wages paid to labor figure prominently,
to sustain th power of their union nd often there is friction between the
solitude of man as he works, and that
a-A nl w ,r a A t n iltv, InfA tllil InnAII
pall if he leaves the coveV off for ft . to ameliorate social disadvantages, Uhe employer, and the employe, betjveen cap-
moment - - '
The miner himself is just ft man like
the rest of - us, aitnougn outside the
anthracftetminers have waged tha areat.
est labor strikes ever known In America.
With the history or these battles the
. A : Im1 w4V : Bai 70 na. u i.r. us finft I I. ,1.
blowing i.ibii, and his huUd ftnd man- I860, 8,518,128 ions; in 1870, 18,182,191 . Not. only does nearly all the anthra- the avenues, are thousands of feet long.
minina- field there is a tendency to re cutilio' is pretty well acquainted. Han-
rnrd him as ft beln anart - till v. no more conflicts like the memor-'
by mules , No occupation Is ao cosmopolitan. A able ones of the past are anticipated. In
propelled 1 by mining town in the- anthracite field Is view of the existence . of concilation
literauv mane up tram an tne countries poara, wnicn aroitrates grievances ana
. ital and labor, between rch stTLnoorV
rnuman sucieiy naa lost nomogen. v. -
' Foreign musicians sre to be lnve$T
tigatea Dy tne American Federation or
Musicians because, it Is said- they are
to labor in violation of the contract
lanor laws, it is said the matter will
-most ends ' of s the workings -some of of Europe, as well as from many states all questions between tha operators' and be brought before the commistoner of
o
this country, Few classes ftrft more workman.
immigration.