v THE OREGON- SUNDAY ,'JOURNAUV PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, JUNE 30, 1907.
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US. A SALMON ASCBNDIW
By Hugrh M. Smith, Deputy United I A shad one yew, I montha and 10 days
Jatv? Co, "on"'1 Sf Fisheries, in oW WM caught In the liarbor of San
4 1"""l"'r numerous; by 1881 the supply In soma
... . " J v Plc reported aa almost unlimited.
rl , luuT7 few yeara later the ehad wera ra
the federal rovernment la tha rarded ' as one of the most abundant
trannDlanMnr of native aauatla I food flshea of California, and tha price
animals Into waters JH which they than in My other atate V "
not inaigrenoua. and tna introduction or ehd were first taken In tha Columbia
flehe of foreign countries Into the I In 1876 or 1877, ao It Is evident that an
' United States. Most people are famll- .I?!!Jv! 'iSL0.0,!
' lar with the economically Important n tabllahed itaelf when tha new emigrants
" uita of acclimatising foreign species I arrived rrom tne east eignt , or nine
or varletiea of mammals and birds In ?!r"Ji?I:. flH8!.6.' -fS! J
m m SIOiVO UIBU lull IvU OB 1 ' H WifJ VUKBl
our country, and every one can recall ot Washington, and . in 1881 reached
aoma of the many valuable vegetables, Puget sound. It was nine yeara later,
fruit, and other plant product, that are when . .n J
immurMu, oui comparauveiy iew pec- a&me year there wa. s report of shad
' pie are aware of tha systematio and in Rtlklne river, southeast Alanka.
' varied meaaure. that hava been taken ianVC
by the government for Increasing and the lower Columbia river, and it haa
' enriching tha supply of food and game been asserted that in either of these
flshea fn everv section of tha mnntrv waters more snaa couia do waen man
. ., . ' . I. V 1 1 1 I ,n an other watercourse in the country.
, and still fewer realtsa tha extent to The catch affords an adeauate criterion
1 which the commercial , fisherman, ' the I of the shad's abundance, for fishermen
sportsman, tha youthful angler, the! na P0?.1"1 f wo? 00
. . . . I ly possible, should the demand warrant
farmer and the public In general are u Y0 treble or o.uadruple the present
maeoiea to tne national bureau or Dsn-1 yield, as most or tne risn are now taken
; eriea and the state fish commU.lon. nciaentaiiyin apparatus set primarily
I for providing many kinds of useful
creatures that did not originally - In
habit given waters.
In all the waters of the eastern half
or the country the range of all the im
portant native food and game fishes
has been extended artificially. ' Very
, extensive work has been done with the
for other species.
Striped Bass on Pacific Coast
The history of the introduction of the
striped bass on the western seaboard Is
quit similar , to that of. the shad, and
the results have been equally striking.
black bassea, v the crapplea, the rock I In 1S7J ' the federal fishery i bureau
bass, the brook' trout, the landlocked I nlantml In an arm nt Ran Vranrlarn hav
Sra.SVS.-tlJ? !ut III striped bass, mostly one and
:hA. j.l .....r. I "ur xq mree incnea loni,. irom iu
r ;)naTV.,whHrtn ."""i NvlA fiver lir Naw Jersey A.jwcond
-r.iriL--rrji .t " 1 piani or aoo small nan rrom tne enrews-
th.-;oicrofiSirw.
; l otnr iransnipmentB or tnis specie.
Contnbutioni Of East to West San Francisco bay and. its tributaries
... . . I as congenial aa aia the snaa, ana nae
Probably the most noteworthy result. .h0WTI .n -imost unlnterruDted Increase
attending the introduction, of aquatic I In abundance to the present time. A
animal. W new .region, have been excedehSW?
' " rpro- i other state, while now it suroasses tnat
sent contribution, from the eastern sea-1 of any group of atate. along the eastern
;!!:r 'Francisco region the
cou.uu.ucui gpciei! has gradually spreaa up ana
and more or less . widely colonised .'In 1 down . the coast.' and its ran ire may
tha Rocky mountains or In regions be- ?yen,"f"? W' V&'&tbJl
. ... , I to 1898 the fish had not been reported
yond f tha . mounUins are the large- outside of California, but; eeveral years
mouth black bass, the crappy,; tha yel-1 ago it began to run in some of the coast
low pefch, the pike, several catfiahes,
various sunflshes, the landlocked - sal
mon and the brook trout The sports
men of all the western states are now
afforded ; excelleat ' black ' bass ' and
brook-trout fishing. Migratory eastern
river fishes that have been permanent
ly Introduced Into. th Paclflo coaat
streams are the ' striped ' bass ' and the
shad, and the economic results there
from are without parallel In the entire
history - of migratory fishes. ? Chief
among the marine invertebratea of the
Atlantic coast that are now found on
the west coast are the oyster and the
soft-shell clam. v. .
A few years ago a fishery official
or an eastern state made the prediction
rivers of Oregon, and in the fall of 1908
half a dosen fine specimens were causrht
in traps at the mouth .of the Columbia
river, tha first - recorded front that
stream,. , ,
Contributions of West to East - "
The fishes which the western ' states
have . given - to the ; remainder of . the
covintry belong to tha trout and salmon
family, and up to the present represent
nly : two species that ' hava been ac
tually acclimatised "In eastern waters;
these are tne rain do w trout ana steei
head trout. -' Experiments are now in
progress with several other trouts, and,
more imnortant. svstematio efforts are
being made to establish several of the
Pacific salmons In New England
waters. If this should be accomplished,
the fish debt , that tha west now . owes
the east for i courtesies rendered and
benefits conferred will largely be liqui
dated. -'.i--.- - i-.i .; v ,, ,- . ..-
The foremost contribution of the west
to the east la the rainbow trout. This
fish, which ' is one of the finest Amer
ican salmonolds and has long been tha
subject of fish-cultural operations, la
native . to the streams of the Sierra
Nevada and the coaat . ranges. Beauty,
large size, rapid ' growth, - hardiness,
food value, and game -qualities combine
to make this a general favorite. By
angelers It Is usually rated next to the
brook trout, although many consider . It
fully as gamy as the latter fish. '
.-The transplanting of this specie, in
regions east . of the Rocky mountain.
ha. been a conspicuous success and ha.
proved ; - decided boon to many com
munities. - it. acclimatisation by the
general government : was first under
taken in 1880,, although It Is probable
that soma years prior thereto smalt
plant, had been made in new watera-by
state commissions ' or private persons.
The rainbow trout has now been Intro
duced into nearly every, state and ter
ritory, and haa become one of the most
generally known fishes in every part
of the country. In Michigan, Missouri,
Arkansas. Nebraska,' Colorado, .Nevada,
and throughout the Alleghany mountain
region. Its transplanting has 'been, fol
lowed by especially noteworthy result s
Its DOSltinn : in the utranmi unit talraa
ef the eastern states is that of a sub-
handsome, and two Of them, known aa
golden trouts, only recently discovered
by tha bureau of . fisheries, 'may fairly
be regarded as among the most dstnty
and beautiful of the entire trout tribe.
One haa been named for that charming
writer of wearn sketches, Stewart Ed"
ward White; the other enjoys the dis
tinction of bearing the name of that
mighty hunter and . fisherman, " Theo
dore Roosevelt It lives In a snow-fed
creek on the southern slope of the .
Sierras, and Its habitat la so restricted
and the number of Individuals Is rel
atively so rew that grave rears hava
been felt that what .Is easily possible
might quickly come to passr-the com-
?lete extermination of the species. Tha
ederal fishery -bureau has therefore
sent to the scene a nartv which haa
brought out on the backs of mules, over
sn extremely difficult.! almost nernen.
dlcular, trail of SO miles, a brood stock
of golden trout and has . transformed
them to various suitabls stationa at
which they will be cultivated. If all
goes well. It will ba only a few year,
before anglers in all parts of the coun
try are casting flies for- tha a-olden
trout whose gamenea. equal, if beauty.
Pacific Salmon for East '
The most momentous experiment. In
fish transplanting now In progress are
addressed to the Paclflo salmons, and
perhaps the breatest boon the waat 'la
stltute and not e. rival pf the brook destined to confer on the east Is the
trout It is well adapted for the stork- .-,.,,.Klr, . . " . . , , ;
lng of water, formerly inhabited by the 'P,,,an"8r of the New ,' England
brook trout, In which the latter no Ion- stream, with salmon. The physical
ger thrives on account ot changed phys- conditions in the stream, that formerly
leal conditions; it Is slso suited to lr,fcoM,i v.- ,
warmer, - deeper, and . tnore sluggish 1 wags
waters than the brook trout finds con- forbid the possibility of ever, ree.tab.
genial. , . v. . , llshlng that species.' but It may be that
eit vimA Tnii'V-'I ' ' B6m of the Taclfio aalmona will find
Steel Head Trout ' . - : -? hnM w. i.i m..,.
Tnfcthvnlnrtata hava not full ArtAA I HSt Drail with the (?h(nnnlf lmi
whether the atealhead trout of tha Pa- the' largest and best, of the tribe and
wnetner tne steeineaa trout or tne ra- there have been a few encouraging suo-
clflo coast rivers Is a distinct species cfesses reported from the St. Lawrence
or only a rainbow trout that has the basin and from Maine; but it would ap-
hablt. of the aalmona In the west It FS'i0 7 'aST1 I.f?"
is classed with the salmon, because of I ments are now In oroa-reaa with tha atil ,
its sise and migrations; but In the east I rer'salmon and the humpback salmon
It has readily taken on the character-Z"?J VS.J For cnnIn
isttos of a atrlctly fresh-water apwles. Each fall forVnumper of years .everai
tlsl 1 haft KaWVArvtsB. m. ' mmnfi(AP tt - f ha. I ITlilllOni fit7a ha Vsl LSan aaklrtnawf . aa asa ak as
land-locked aalmon. The first success- Mfin-06!,0 Incubated In the
ful attempt to bring this excellent M'tt?Utiwv&&b--'
and game flab, within reach of the peo- able-waters along the coast. ' These fish
pie east of the Rockyftountalns ,was nTtftrJ? for spawning.
In 1886, when the planting of fry in P"r,pBe,,,than Chinook or the At- ;
rivers at the western end of Lake Su- J""0 aalmon, snd the bureau Is quite
pertor as begun. In -the following .puLtht they will take kindly to
year maTylne specimens were caught U?an7 the coastwise streams -of New1
In those streams, and In lSM fisher- "f'and, and It Is not Improbable that
men setting; nets In deep water for lake Sm "jature specimens may be found
trout began to take large steelheads v P ..Maine rivera this season. -
along the American and Canadian shores I . .- . . .
of the lake, and in the same year riy-I ue oespisea Carp,
fishermen of Duluth caught in French I rr,-, , t , ' ' . .
and Sucker rivers not 'less than 2,000, j:-;ne beat known, most widely - dls-
the largest zs inches long. The species iriouiea, ana most Important of our fish
Is now firmly established In tke Su- Immigrant. 1. the earn uituilr uiiui
perlor and will doubtless in time spread tnB carp, usually called
t ih.r, m ih. .,..) ,!: Tha hu. lM oarman carp, a native of Aaia. but
reau of fisheries has recently begun the oultlvated or many centuries In Eu
hatching ot eggs from wild fish taken rope, whence were brought to thla coun-
In streams near Duluth. Each Mason trv about sn iT oun-
eggs of the steelhead are sent from J. u J9.rw th Improved va-
polnts on the Paclflo coast' to stations rietiea-the leather carp, blue carp, and
in. the east where the hatchlnr is com- mirror carp..
pleted, and the species has obtained aw,T'; arp has. been domesticated In
firm hold in a number of New England I J-urope rrom time Immemorial, and rep
lakaa and has nroved an accentable ad-1 resents among the finnv trlha tha niana '
dition to the fish supply. ."I occupied by poultry among birds. It is .
A group or trouts or tne rainoow se-i- uijito io tne larmer s ponds
rlaa (nhaVilta . a. flrumanrih1 im Inland to mill damn laaa . an
the high Sierra rnountaine of southern f.ravelly-rivers with a strong current
California in , the vicinity . of Mount J hen there is quiet, water, with muddy .
Whitney. All of them are extremely ,Dot;?m'1nct abundant 1 vegetation, there
A'?J" ln" carp; mere it win .
WHY OHIO IS PROUD OF ROCKOELLLR
rHT. of course, we are proud
of John. Rockefeller out ln
Ohlo.,, and the old Ohio
man, -who ia temporarily
i : sojourning In Philadelphia,
i That the" brok tTout doomed will -tightened himself - up In ; the cha r
be unknown as a wild species a few I in the lohhy or tne notei wnere no is
generations hence. This gloomy prog-1 atdbblng. BUtes the Philadelphia North
nostlcation is perhaps justified if re- .'l..,, . . . . . . ; . . :
atrlcted to certain streams of Now Kn. I Amenlcan. ' . ...
land and New York, where pollution, 't would; like to know of some valid
obstructions ana aeiorestation nave ai- reason why we shouldn t- De ne con
ready destroyed many fine waters and I . (
are ruining others, but ln the eastern unuea- - ...
lakes the brook trout is more than hold- If making money I. the general .mol
ing Us own, while the west is prepared 1 tlon of all men and Rockefeller has
to aford unsurpassed trout-fishing- for I i'ift ilJ than anv Atrmi' man.
the entire country. The attention of " " " ,7' 4I-:
anglers should be directed to Colorado, that makes him. In reality., the greatest
which has known the brook trout for of all men, doesn't It? Anyhow, that Is
only a few years, but Is now more thor- what we Buckeyes think. : Philadelphia
oughiy stocKea tnan any other state, I ,,i ,. h.it a: a
c haa Keen ,. .r.,v 1 1 Justly proud or its city nail as ae
cllmatisation in Colorado that thy gov- highest occupied structure in the world
ernment now draws on that stalls for and of Its many other things. ' Califor
most of Its supply of brook-trout eggs, nla is proud of its glorious climate. Its)
which are vuiaineu , cnieiiy irora wiia 1 Dig trees, Its goia, Its Bierras, its irun,
fish .In mountain streams and . lakes. I New York ia nroud of its second tlace
una ii lm in accora wivn ins eiemai ru-1 among the world s largest cities. . its
ness or tnings mat tne progeny or I cosmopolitan character, its nnanciai
Colorado brook trout should be used and commercial control of practically
for replenishing the very eastern wa- the entire world. mi-':' i v
ters rrom which the original stock was I
taken for introduction Into Colorado. J John Doesn't Card for Money.
Shad on Pacific Coast . - i "Now, if 'all tbess things of man'.
The colonising of the shad, on the mlng'
Pacific coast was one ' of the greatest T " . , "
s a.-ii....i-A any otner man, agam we as, wny
V ittcvriiiitia1 Sit 1 aVtVlS , awllluyiiu I .. Ji V. J -M tla9
Aside from the Important economic, re-
suits, : thej ; experiment ;; was 'noteworthy
because of certain changes that have
occurred. In , the habits of the species,
snd because, the feat of transporting
shad ' fry across the continent, atMbat
early day, ws Justly . regarded
"Do I know him? Well, only allghtly.
But I know many men who know him
more Intimately. And there ia this one
thing that may be ald truthfully about
John Rockefeller. Tou observe I leave
out the 'D.' AH Ohio men do when re
ferring to him. He Is plain John Rocke-
"rJZ"';rtZ tUtr to-.Wa frIends.?What I was going
.... UV W V , V. V .IBM .. Vm
tlon, which has now attained such 'per
fection. With the experiment were as
rK-latd two of the pioneer flan cultur
iwts tt America, whnxe names and fam.
to say Is that all his money-has made
no. change ln him with bis friends He
Is not swelled up a little bit," . - .
"And there Is another thing I can tell
are known the world over fieth- Green 1 you about him that . is not generally
n-1 l.tvtnton Stone. ' j' .i- . I known that is, It la what .hts frienas
liiat th nhad found -the' waters of I believe of him. He does not csre for
the I'iicIMc slates entirelyrcongenlal was money. He has raised his family to care
,uKy uoiuoasiraiea.; i Aprw, iJ j, cut iitus aoout iu :xnj uuiu mat; tti
J:.
oba D, Eockefeller. ' '
was .hi. - ambition to make himself the
ncnest-man in tne world, and that now
that he has done so he is giving it away,
and' giving It so fast and so quietly that
ne win aie. wun hundreds or millions
less than e has had.:j'-.-;" '"-
s. "How- much' Is he -worth t 'I s don'
know and I don't believe anybody else
does.: He has -told his friends - that he
doesn t I, was asking a friend or . mine
who -has known him since they "were
young -boys together snd is one - of his
nearest friends and neighbors at Cleve
land,' the same question. He replied, 'I
was asking jonn tne same question tne
other doy. He -said,.' "I don't know my
self. My secretary told me the other day
that my wealth had Increased during the
last year 865,000,000." From his manner
he might just as. well have been talking
aoout so cents.- , s -i,-,
"From the same sort of friends I hve
heard many of the same kind of stories
about" his ignorance or Indifference to
his wealths Another one was telling me
tnat na-went oui. to nocKeiener s nouee
one warm summer afternoon about four
years ago. John was sitting on a bench
under s ' shade tree. Mv friend said to
him, " T5id you go to church this morn-r
ing. , jonnr e. said jn epi", . -jmo, i
didn't go - this .morning. although I
ought to have' gone. I am afraid I might
have- been - a- little more pious. Instead
of going to church I went rummaging
mroua-n some oia ooxes - nnea witn
papers. And what do tou think I foundt
Ten itnousana snares or , uaiumet - ana
Hecla that I did not know. I had. I had
for rotten all about them.' --- .
"Think of thaU - Those shares were
worth $300 each, 'or $3,000,000. And he
didn't know . he nad them!
Rockefeller Persistent ' 1 "
V 'T remember year, ago, when . I was
quite a. young man, I was. talking with
the late '"General' Daniel V. Harkness of
Bellevue. a little town up la the north
ern part of the atate not .very far from
Cleveland. He told, me this - story.; :
"He said he was worth at that time
about $$00,000. which was regarded aa
an Immense fortune In those days. He
was sitting" in his office one forenoon
thinking" about ' how he .would Invest
some of -the surplus la his bank, when
a' tall thin -Sunday school teacher sort
of looking vounr fellow came In on htm
and - told - him. -of - a- wonderful' scheme
he had for cornering Saginaw .alt- Gen
eral -Harkness -thought pretty well ' of
the scheme, but when the vounar fellow
asked him to Invest $40,000 in it he said
fjpw with great rapldlly, sometime, at
taining a weight of three to four pound.
aa many years. It is a vegetable
reeder and, no dependent upon man for
its, sustenance. -As an article of food,
tne better varletiea rank in v
the trout, and brlnr tha uX rtrla naa
Proper Treatment for Barns.
' TJVftrv, T sa A u.i
Tt. ' AO tet U J a. a- . . a a.
j,e as uurui -uva.n may o ou
no.Jve;y PO" tvely; The joung fellow first to asphyxia; second, to ahook, and,
said he could not afford to wait at thlrdlv tn nt.,i ( -
Bellevue for the general to think the "iy' t0 ePceia, -.,',
matter over,- ae rie had to go bacK home- K; -meaicai man seldom get. to the
and go to .work.- A week later he came case In time to treat thft first condition:
again and got the same reply. .He came tu ,a i. .uiiiuh,
again, and at last General Harkness put aecond is essentially a general con
up the money. : v - - dition, while the whole success in pre
.- '"Well,. General Harkness said . there venting the third dnnnnda v,. ,
probably never waa another scheme that 1!,' f . , 5 aPonrta "Pn lm
fell through so suddenly . as that did, mediate local treatment- .It is there
and he was out a pretty big slice of bis fore the last condition which must be
??5?a.;.' considered here. - Among the public it 1.
i .hH "' fc-mB ? Snerall.y accepted Jdea that the thing
ivkiuvw Ditunou vi v neat" ff tmu htj iuih tn flrt fen tha 0ti fit a hnn 4 , j.. 'Z
his head in the general's door the old otir oyer it orto cov it iti? n
fellow tried to, hit him , with the first SHven 1 JniLHi u,4
thing he could reach to throw, at him. rSofS. ?B-,!?ilS.i5fi
But the young fellow l.ad nerve and lnW.."TA ..BW-rir..a-iniVure Known
??P.b?L" heard.e hadanother TThe" uB.V cf .uhSS i
Bcneme inia lime mai ne saia couia noi . - - : . y-r -"
possibly . lose, and - that would aurely R? f'0Ld?Satea- an '"deed
Ulng back to the general the $40,000 iLt J thilTi d b tauht that
he had lost, but to get It back he would ;n! 'SLt'1,l"a;i?, 'ut1 on, a burn before,
have to send another $40,000 after It. hV.t .!? a,lf?J1" hot comprwiL
Then he was driven out of the presence which ahpuiu contain some boraolo acidV1
of the angry general.- ,rv,n."i" anjr ' house, it is prob
ut i angry ;. , abje that tne majority 'of deaths due to
Made Friends Rich. , ; " ' V.Hem.,a: ,aIieir rns would ba pre-
T.i. ,1iat Mn't honlm a xam'a "STOr the Whole aim And nliM n tha
hack - Wflfik 'after week h : returned Loca treatment Is , to prevent sepsis;
. I . iTJ . ' u 'feturne7 flour and olive oil-may. be soothing ani
and at last at Uie end of about a year, may allay the pain, but there is no an ti
the t general yielded t once more and septic : property, in them, rather they
placed another $40,000 in- the ' young )x"enV f"?1 .nedl bacte'
man'a hands. Just to get rid of him, he
told me. ? ( i . -. . ,
"After, the first six months, General
Hirkness. told me, his profits upon that
investment had never been less than 100
per cent, a month. Who was the young
man? Why, John Rockefeller, of couree,
And. I suppose I don't have to tell"Vou
mat me last scneme was oianaara vn.
"There's . another .thing about Joith
ftockefeller that people outside of Ohio
don t tnina anytaing aoout, pecau,iney
Know dui lime, lr .anvininv. aoaiui il i
That Is. that he has made nearly all bis I on the man. who exoerienced some dlffl
old friends and the companions of; his culty tn keeping It off. Several passers
yoitth rich. You only. need to hear the by came to his assistance, but it whs
names of John Archibald, Harry Rogers, some time before they were able to kill
John Huntinston. Lou ' Palmer.-Henry the rat
Flagler and dozens of others among the! &9 wild and unusual aa attack in the
millionaires or Cleveland to Know tnat I open street' was doubtless due to the
they were Old rrienqs w no nave shared I rat having lost us way bask to ita
me millions or Jvnn. AocKeieuer. usunt, -. . -
, ' v J- y. ' ,- ' : , f -..c. . ' ' l .. '..
."';. ..,'.:'i- '.' '-, i '-.'.i '' '.V-. ' .t. ' ' ' :Jx - ' ' ' 'f. --- ''!":
-Rat attack. Man in Street
From 'the London Standard. ."
A ; strange Incident - haa occurred at
Crediton. While walking along the
street Iman was alarmed by some
thing springing at, him from the road-
; iH6" brushed hi hand over hi.
Stfaanda Jarge rat fell to the ground.
The incident however, did not end
there, for the rate made further attack. -
' .V-
i