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PORTLAND OREGON, , SUNDAY; MORNINCV, MARCH 17, f907-' . ;-;;.i j '- y
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stttutoon
IFE years of fatten? delving,
j , mra; naruTg s ; secrets; 4 '.
v $ootooo of money expended
such is the record, to date '
1 o Atf Carnegie Institution , .;
.'r? -o JVashinrton: - . , "--r
r Five years more of ,un- X
'.'i , remitting toil and another. '
' $3,500,000 to be spent :
this ts the expectation before, -i:.
the greatest results aimed at ; .
twV .'accrue ', to , humanity ' ., :
' ? from the -work: :yy-:'-X:s-
"7 ' ; Earnestly applying themselves to the
--ajt 0 fathominr the mvsterierof aresl -
J of unlocking the doors that guard Dame,
-Matures choicest secrets, are f 00, expert
men vf itjence, 10 mssui xunom tOO insil
tutions of learning are lending their equip-
. ment and all possible aid. ' . : V w
i - - To this remarkable-work is devoted X
. nearly $joo,ooo a year this year's ap-'r
, , yrvyrianun trmounii to $ooi,OQO. II IS ?
the income from n endowment fund set ' -apart
for the purpose by Andrew Cr' ,
X ' tgie :"' - ..'v. i 'V ! fX - .v .' V
; ?i What good may come 'of it allt That
Question is antwered best by showing the
r fines of research along which the scientists'
, are pioaatng ana revealing, the progress '
. r already made. ,r. . .
; ' ' i . - ly 0 more extraordinary series of in- ; .
: vestigations for the benefit of health, com-'
' , merce, science and art were ever under-
- ' taken, and it is expected that mankind will
t profit to a vastly greater extent than is :
, ; even indicated by 'the $7,000,000 cost of X:
:': I' the great research.' c ..;' ;-...v'.---'-," .":.
1 t
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' , 111
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inc en tbe reforestation witn nine or lomt otlier-
ariety of tree of tho vait arid plains. We wonl4
develop new plant life adapted to this' region.
- 1 i " ! :
. xuuik i uw reciainauon ox uui immnnn
" territory, the (rest wealth it would bring to oui
country ! Our observation stations run from the
plains of , lofty heights on snrronndingi motto-
tains ; we study soil, moisture, precipitation, toil :
formation.' temperatures ' of air and 'soil ell
tnings, in jact, that enter , into vegetable ; lite-
4 . . . - .r -,-1,? T''.v A r ti r - wiui unmigranon; pouring an enormous
'Xi " V ,';"'-r ''tide of humanity into .this eountry f7Mi'v-'
v -:;;.,-- f y-f XYvjT'iad'the problem ol feeding the great cities e
h N fi WI-v "f eamlac.iDeraiimportant-.witli 4l rapid inoretM
; v V V , (J','-V;' ' ! . reclamation and use of. the .desert areas of Hbm "
,v W'1), ', V -X ' j '"''' oountry will .be. ImperatiTe. ;. j j
rt1 '1V"-' r Ariaona,-for -example,-has US.020 squsx .
, V . ; " ';.. ; .' miles. of territory, .only 100. sore.niiles of it
- k .'-' - " o"..v- S v.'l . . j being imder water At. the time of .the last '
, V- . -t.Tc ; - ; , . ' vA eensus but S.7 per oent.'of the total ere' was
!: - 1 utilized as farm land; althourii the iirriirated
W
we began this work we stated
. that it would take us ten years
to show great. results,"' said Dr. T
. Bobert 8. Woodward. creaident
k ef the Carnegie Institution, sitting in his of-;
ce in Washington) from which place he directs .
,7 the varied work of .the investigators.'.:?'; ,
' "Discoveries must be proven, must stand i "'
the test of time. ' But we have done much, and .
r the future is full of promise. . , ? ' " ,v ' , .
' - If you examine closely, look deeply, into' !
, our work, you will see, that it has vital human 'X
, interest,, enduring commercial value that can- , ,v
not be estimated. ' - v.- -.. s-, -'''
';. -. "Every new scientific fact has a monetary? :
wortn; every new law ox nature can be ben- ?
A - f- J 1 . ' 4. , ..t:-. , .... .' '
ucjmly appuea oj man. f roM
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sections' had .increased 'during the decade if rota
i tSfiOO acres to 185XK) acres. - .'. '
A greater number ox clear days prevail her
each year than in any other part of the ,coun- .
but the absenoe of rainfall bars agricultural
operations except ajong the few waterways and '
irrigated' areas... ''",:': "X'- X - ,
t On the northern plateau the annual. rainfall
t amounts ' to only twenty inches, while ; tn the
, southern half of the . Territory it is. not', much
v over five inches. , '',''' '''?.' .4
- ' v. Should the investigations made possible by
'. the millions . of the steel king' result in trans
forming, this vast desert into a land of' plenty,""
capable of sustauung or -providing sustenance '
. for a teeming population, this one achievement
.."would, far more than' repay tlia cost of all tha v
Carnegie Institution work. - - . ?-'' ' "
While one section of tho army of scientists
is planning. to make .the .desert bloom for the
benefit of man. another: is : Juar - exnlorine ' .
heavenly space and endeavoring to learn more ' ,
of the wonders of astronomy. ' , ; j '' v
Great results, are expected from the work '
of the solar observatory on Mount Wilson, CaL
Last year John D. Hooker, of Los Angeles, gave
$45,000 to meet .the cost of a mirror of. 100
inches aperture and fifty feet focal length, for .
g great non-reflecting. telescope., 'X" 1 4
?tt Suck an instrument, which is now'nearing
completion, will permit the work of the observe-
' tory to be greatly extended, as it will collect
. about 2.7 . times as much light as the sixty-inch .
reflector now in use. - '!" v c ,
- Scientists at Mount Wilson ' are yworkin
along three converging lines in their study of
. other worlds than' ours. : They are studying the
' sun a a typical star;' they are studying the .
stars and nebulae, their relation to the sun and
to each other, and, finally are endeavoring ta
interpret both solar and stellar phenomena by
means of carefully , chosen laboratory, experi
ments. , j 'r "fX. X-r"'- ? ; - :
; It sometimes happens that a certain -star V
msy resemble the missing link of the naturalist; .
. it promises to unite an interesting but broken
chain of evidence, and yet is so faint that an . '
adequate analyeis is impossible. Hence the
value : of the splendid new telescope that will
be erected on Mount Wilson. . ' " -'
; To receive such a gift gratefully is 'one '
. thing, to get it to its destination is quite another. '
Besides the new telescope, much other delicate,'
Cr? CONTINtmD OW INBTPa rAOS) . ?
an..tk.. ; v. . . l i- .
MUDliJDI 1 1. IK7 lUUUUWQ IBCb lU COS-
rSr; nection with the stars or planets; the dwellers -:i ua me;nt.
y in the sea; the minerals; of .the earth; plant or ' ; t
1 ix. ,i, . y . -v- ' -tvery. on
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H It li H II till It -rr: i : - ' ' " x
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inc from tiatura.' . Thia' ia hnW to make rort.
i m ' i ' il.i Ai.' v-il-.' I. V-
animal life what matter itT . All Ka-r hair. i i ii. v:u .
i .v. i- v. u .i J . .' laaing mo piace oi sieei ana iron m uw wu-
tng on the lives, the work of men." -v .- a t j -i , t.. Mj
; Commercial interests, naturally, ar i . inter-; i actIy what it is. Eecent discoveries have shown.
ested deeply in the, researches of Dr A.X Day, ,that,all previously, accepted-views were errone-'?,
one ofahe Carnegie investigatora. Dr. Day, for 0us. ( v. . ; , , , , . . v
uuo wie-jormuj ior-a ; Beyond doubt the formula f or this eement- '
,pure quarts flsss, something which has been ' win have great commercial value. : It will ravo-J
.wanted and aimed at for years. L ; . . ltionii bniMina to eretar extent than did
Common glass is enarts and had. The lead . the coming of the steel-frsme structured
isneeded to keep it free of bubbles.' It has ; Absolutely fireproof buildings wUl be,' a reap . ;
rate ef expansion about that of iron under m- , , jty inatead of, to a . greater or less . extent a -peratore
changes. - v : . dream; the increasing acarcity of lumber will no .
Pure quarU glass has a high melting point longer be a menace of such thrftstening aspect;
and a low rate of expansion. If you wished. the forests of the lapd.may once more be al-v
you could put it in the front of your safe, reat-. oyrtl& t0 flourish, in their, primeval 'glory and
II
ST A. K M
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ing secure in the knowledge that the glass would ' the devastating ring of the woodsman's axe may
. stand fire as well as the safe itself. . be hushed. ' . ' . r '
Its chief Mimnercial value, however; i'.ta.: ; So much' importance 'is' plsced upon these
' optical work for the eyeglass, telescope; micro-, , investigations of ,Dr- Day that, the authorities
scope snd fine electrical apparatus. At present , 0f the institution sre spending 1150,000 in bnild
it is necesssry to-resort to expedients in order ing him a laboratory where he may prosecuto
to keep the great lenses of telescopes free from. work along this and ether lines promising grest
temperature influences such as fanning them, .. results to the iwiin.rr!il mnrU. , i r
making insUnt eicposuTes, etc . ; ... While scientists like;Dr.'Day are' labdrina '
Already -commercial concerns navA 'tlcn . in t: UkA..n.i'.. it.. k.i .v:. 1 -
up Dr. Day s now process, and are applying it coming generations, other, earnest workers are : . v
10 tno cver-eniarging oemanas oi trsne, - iiere,
then, is one schievement
Csmcrie Institution,
J ut Ta9'Jy"more impor
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; r.rrd
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, bhu ro applying n coming generations, other, esrnest workers sr :. . . '
nuands of trade. - Here, r plodding over the arid plains of Arizona,' study- ' ' V- - -nt
to th 'credit of 'the ing desert -vegetable life. ' 1 '."''. -.;;.'. ; '''''i''''1' '4j
' ' " ."In auctions of Arizona there are ; pine forv ' ?v -1
'portent to the business . ests,". said Dr.. Woodward.? We erenow work i v.! w:, ..