V 1 -
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, : PORTLAND. SUNDAY : MORNING. NOVEMBER 18. 1803.
'-j Oregon's Switzerland Kch in Scenery and Legend Iv-. : .
. , ejeaBasBjjBnjBssjBajngsj
3W Ylw IT., ..
THE" completion of the Wallow
.branch. of the Q. R. NL eom-
pany's Una will make acceaslble
, to tha publlo bna of tha moat
magnificent auraroer resort dlatrlota to
tann& on ha American -continent.
Tht comprtseg th wart owe lake;
known far and wide for lta own sur
passing beauty and that of tha rugged
toountetne which aurround it.
jior canturlea no one but tha Indiana
and tba angola knew of tba existence of
- thla beauty spot, thla faaolnatlng mlr
for of nature' hidden charma.
7 Of lroBnffepThTnel;enle?,"leart
fta aryaui, picturing tha towering rooun- I
r tains in.it boaom, -and fed by number
lea mountain tills aa clear and pure
........ M itaalf, Wallowa lake la really one
Of the natural -wonders of Oregon.
People have made pilgrimages to It
n ' . In aummer for many years, to enjoy lta
transcendent beauty and tha Invigorat
ing atr which lta mountain bulwarks af
ford. Located aa It la at great dletance
from transportation Unas, it haa not
t attracted tha publlo to any extent The
long trip by stage from Elgin through
the rugged Wallowa, canyon to tha lake
haa had forbidding features, and pnly
' especially ventureaome have at
tempted tha pilgrimage. True, with
the coming of tha railroad much of tha
' pioneer, or frontier associations which
;, - to make up. lta beauty, will pass
-v away..- j.
- Tha atage coach, that laat remnant
of pioneer transportation to linger on
. tha outskirts of settlement, had added
a ualqua charm to tha trip to tha lake,
but thla la doomed to oblivion, for next
July, If nothing hinders, tha toot of tha
7-7 looomotlve whistle will wake, f ojf the
flrat time, atranga echoes among the
' 7 peake which aUnd guardian over
T this daxsllng thing of beauty.-
ribJewcl in Sctnlr. rrnwn
"Tt Ti!fTiit-m otm tains. -ttja-nrif-test
and clearest streams, 1 th"rnost rugged
range and ravines In eastern Oregon
' ar to ha found clustering about Wal
lowa lake and lta vicinity. Thla dis
trict In which tha lake Ilea aa a central
Jewel in a baaket of glowing game, la
known aa th "Swltserland of Oregon"
and sustain It appellation with dig
nity and grandeur.
. Situated at an altitude of 4,409 feet
with th perpetual anow on , tha high
peak of th granite mountain forever
.mirrored on it broad expanse, th vary
atmosphere of that mountain retreat 1
an elixir of life for th enfeebled. Crisp,
keen, clear mornings, ao near akin to
f roat that it la almost Impossible to
distinguish tha difference, are experi
enced every month In tha year, and tha
' balm of th pin and fir and th rich
WV J Bryan TSsciissH M
' By Wtlllam Jennings Bryan. . .
(Oopyrljlit, . lOua, by Joseph , B. Bowles.
Copyrtcbt la Greet Brltala, All Bights
InewL) .
X"NB who travel In foreign land a
i 1 la Ukely-to jeara but little ef
V ' J th govern inenta of th land
rareuwtilcll"lirTaa-Tin
lea ha tnakea m special effort to In
form himself, for tha line of travel
are laid through th communities where
law and order are maintained and where
th -government ia ao at&ble that th
casual observer ha no occasion to In
vestigate Its Inner -workings. Tha
mountain towar abov him and h aeea
them ; tha chasm yawn be for him and
be behold them; and tha varloua forma
of agiicultur leave a panoramlo ef
fect upon hla memory. Ha frequently
meets tha merchant tn hla ator. aeea
;th laborentt-hl -work $u!t of ten. and
occasionally beholds grandee In hla
.earrlag,..butnot being able to apeak
th language of the country, h learns
little about th form of government
and laa about th political aspirations
ef tha people: and yet, tha eolence of
government 1 on of th ' moat im
portant aclences, and tha "royal art."
a It ha been called, stands flrat among
Th Most Important Science. .
Tolstoi h declared that th aclence
-whtoa teachea-u -how-ta live U-Oh
moat important of aclences, and aurely
th aclenca of government come next.
Whll It la true that an Individual can
by misbehavior forfeit tha blessings of
good government, or by good behavior
minimise tha evlla of bad government
while it la true that no government,
however good, can eave a man from
blmaelf If hla tendehclea be evil, and
that no government, hawaver bad, can
entirely deprive him of tha rewarda pf
virtue, yet government may do much
to encourage or to hinder tha develop
ment of tha people.
Governuienta may retard or advance
"th rnaterlat growth of a-aountry For
lnstanc. our government 1 In part, t
least, responsible for th unparalleled
development of tha United States be
cause it haa given tha largest encour
agement to th Individual. Th Japanese
government haa In Ilka manner stimu
lated education by tha establishment of
a publlo achool ayatem, and haa - de
veloped a large number of publlo men
by th organisation of a parliamentary
ayatem. Turkey, on tha other hand,
haa blighted some of th fairest por
tion of the earth by suppressing po
litical Independence, by Ignoring educa
tion, and by leaving th industrious
citlsan at tha mercy of the marauder.
Political Life in Turkey. - .
Thar haa been tittle -political life In
Turkey because few of the people have
ttad the education necessary to take a
broad survey of th country and It
. needs, while, great stretches of fertile
'country lie uncultivated because the
- government -1 - - ao - Indifferent - to the
rlghta of th people that th tiller of
th soil haa no asauranca that he will
be allowed to harveat the crop which ha
plant Those who have Investigated
the subject contend that the-Valley of
tha Jordan would b a fruitful region
' if protection were given to those who
- would cultivate It, but because th
Bedouin has been allowed to comedown
from tha hlllaxand reap where he haa
"not gownrthc land 1 neglwoted; '
In a trip around th glob one aeea
In actual working every form of gov
ernment known to man. In Russia,, an
unlimited monarchy until recently, laid
lta oppressive hand upon mora than a
hundred mllllona of human beings. They
held their Uvea, their liberty and their
property at tha will of the ruler. ;
People in Contempt in Russia.
; Any citlsan - in tha caar'a vast -domains
could be taken from hla horn
" and- exiled for Ufa without hi " or hia
family- knowing the causa of hla pun
ishment The royal family and Abe of
fice holder held th peopteuin. contempt
and denied even th natural' rlghta of
men. The people war taught to he
thankful for any fnvnrs, however email,
that th "Little Father'' saw fit to be
stow, and they war likewise taught
that - It - was - dangeroua to complain
when the moat fundamental rlcht was
ignored. Mow there la a douma, and
tang of tha mountain mould, combine
to give health and vigor to tha tourist,
while tha feaat for tha eyes la of never-
ending beauty. ".. . '. 7 ". .
Tha lake, la Irregular In ahap (Ilka
all of nature' masterpieces), four and
a half mllea In length by a mile in
width.-Bteep-and rurgrd, ftrlhr'
exoeptlng at the lowerof western and
and at the. extreme eastern or upper
end. . At the lower and, where the Wal
lowa river breaks out from If bosom
through a' narrow defile In tha granite
wall which conflnea tha lake, there, la a
low rldga of bare hills, msde aeemlngly
for -road, pathway a T -and camping
places. -
At th eastern and, where tha feeder
from tha mountain rav.lnea pour down
tha ateep declivities, there la a we val
ley, a mere halting place between tha
crystal water and tha towering moun
tain, where meadow flowera and graaae
carpet th ground In aummer and where
it la proposed to lay out a village of
aummer homes. -
. In front of thla valley 11a th placid
waterav-ahowlng in 4- depth every
rugged outline of th guardian peak.
nd back of it tower tba grim original
which are mirrored In tha lake' boaom.
Village of Summer Home," """"
Her under, th ahadow of the moun
tains, where willows and aldera away
in tha bveeaea and where the soft rip
ple of th b&bywavea makes rnualo for
tba aoul weary with tha 'world and lta
cares. It la planned to plot g tract of
land and atart a aummer horn settle
ment, i ; .
Tha movement la being started pri
vately by a number of reaidenta of WaJ
lowa oounty, but In lta acopa ia inoluded
one - of the greatest - aummer resort
aohemea on th entire Pacific coant,
If only tha promoters comprehend tha
masnltude of their undertaking, r
Once placed witnfrl "en sy "reach -oFWe
world, there ia no reason why thla lake
and lta aurrouodlng mountain should
not become one of the famous) resorts
of th United State. For SO miles back
from tha lake tower th Q ran (tea,, on
of the highest mountain ranges on tha
Pacific coast, in which is Included Eagle
Peak, a mountain which la snlcl now to
aurpaaa Mount Hood in height, j .'
Through all tha labyrinth Of moun
tain passes, canyons, gorgea and hidden
valleya flow tba rlcbeat trout atreama
In tha west, and ram. of all klnda
abound a in th forests. A portion of the
mountain rang of that sectloji la in
cluded In the Wallowa forest . reserve,
which will tend to preaerv It natural
beauty.
Kioh In legendary lore, once th neu
tral camping ground for th northwest
Indian tribe, th dlatrlct aurxoundlng
the douma a an institution still Uvea.
No one can predlot through what trials
and trlbulatlona the country may yet
pass, ' but constitutional government
will yet be hera. Aa In the winter time
w cannot fores or fortH-wtoOday
will ba pleasant and what days stormy,
"butaoknow "that tna" f aw' m6'rjlhi""w
shall have aummer, ao without being
able to determine through what tu
mults or riot or revolution . Russia
must paae, w know that In a few
year ah will hav a atable govern
ment In whloh her people will, hav a
vole. ;.
In Japan th government ia some
what mixed In lta form. 8b haa a
parliament, but tha executive branch
of th government la not yet In the
hand of th people. The tenilenoy In
Japan, a everywhere, 1 toward further
limitation-"! the power of jhnoyer
elgn and further enlargement Of the
power j)f tha people. :
Russia's Vital Question.
The vital political question' there
now le .whether the emperor . small, se
lect his advlaors from among hla per
sonal friends or from among the mem
per of th party jrhlchdomlnutea jhe
parliament. There la, of coarse, no
doubt of th ultimata triumph of tha
parliamentary- party. ' Denmark wit
nessed a aimilar struggle which lasted
for nearly a "generation and terminated
as such atruggiea alwaya do, in the
triumph of the parliament.
In China they hav a mlxtur tot mon
archy and aristocracy. Th monarch
American
(By a Staff Oerrespeadeat.)
AMERICA'S chief drawback In th
-matter of attractions, mccord
- lng to British notions, Is the
lack of historic ruins. And
because, .despite their vast wealth,
Americana cannot create them, they are.
supposed to hanker after then more
than any other folk. Perhaps It Is that
feeling which recently inspired an Amer
ican to make an offer for Glastonbury
abbey, one of th most ancUnt and
renowned ahrinea of Chrlstendoni In th
kingdom, and Indelibly asaoclabsd with
the legend of King Arthur, whB.-h Ten
nyson hns Immortalised. .
According to a London real aetata
journal, which is usually well informed,
the offer has been refused. The paper
adds that It. would be extremely regret
table, If the ruins should be allowed to
pass 'into foreign hands, or Into those
of one who failed to realise his respon
sibilities. Americans who visit England
certainly exhibit a-keenea interest in
its hlatorlo ruins than do Englishmen
themselves," who ordinarily show Utile
seal for- their preservation. But -when
it is reported that an American wants
to buy one, es in the case of. Glaston
bury abbty, that particular ruin becomes
Immediately an object of great national
lntereat, and protests are raised against,
subjecting It to tha deeecratlon nnd dis
grace that would result from its posses
sion by anyone who did not owe all-'
glance to King Edward. . .
-lf.lt were reell y -question- C reaJU
sation of th responsibilities imposed by
the ownership of "What TettiSIns wf Glas
tonbury abbey, there would be small
ground for any objection to th scheme
proposed by Mrs. Isabel Ines d Guaman
OarrlBon of Chicago. She suggtat that
Qlastonbury- ahould become ,th Joint
possession of the motherland amd what
Tennyson called "the giant daughter of
tha west." On that baala. ah gays, eh
would guarantee to raise half it pur
chasVlSice In America In a ehirt time.
It seemi h hns established In America
1 boy Knighthood of tha Round Table,
fclth a yiew to Inculcating 'hotior, loy
aitv. mae-nnnlmlty and other knightly
-Virtues In lada whoae every-dny asso
ciation are not or an eievatuig -character.
......
Joint Ownership Not Popular. '
A th ruins of Glastonbury afbbey are
th shattered symbols of . that ancient
chivalry, she wishee. them to jbe aaee-
" " -. -s-rnr- i siii ii , , , 7 II B
' . ,- -V-v . - y 111 J
ll r ii
sltt ' - - """J'TrTrr n 1
Wallowa lake Is a veritable storehouse
of tradition and romance.. Camera and
pencil, artlsfs brush and poera pen, all
may find Inspiring themea.ln thla rich
retreat in th mountains.- Th world
will know It better and love It more In
the near future.-
One Indian legend, concerning Wal
lowa lake which I heard firat when but
I unlimited In hla power, but he J o
hedged about by th ariatooracy that ha
really haa vary little Independence. Like
aome of tha native princes -who rula
under Dutch regents, . tha Chinese ruler
1 the eervgnt rather than the master
of hla officials. Living in tha forbidden
city and meeting personally but " few"
of hia people, ha la quite dependent
upon th mandarin. - ;"' "
Civil Service Aristocracy of China.
Th aristocracy of China 1 not en
aristocracy of birth or wealth, but a
civil aervlce aristocracy. Whll posi
tions are often bought sometime even
old at auction when th emperor needs
money yet aa a rule, the civil servants
of China are aelected by examination.
Theaa systems while ao antiquated that
they hav beenreeentlyyery materially
modified,' were Intended to be fair a
between applicants The cour of
study waa not comprehensive, and- the
teata applied gav but little idea of
one' . fitness for office.' These, men,
once in power, war tha ruler In all
local affaire andthhigher. .officials
were influential In all mattere of etato,
and yet, in spite of this system or be
cause oflt, whichever the reader will
have-"ItChTha IumberefwhHe" the
nation around awakened. The fact
that the appolnteea to the civil aervlce
had to go through certain routine x-
-amlnation pveacilbedby those who had
aireaay pas sea xnrougn in same rou
tine, and aa It waa not necessary that
tha appolnteea ahould be Interested in
anyone but themselves, they showed no
Woman Would
mm
elated with her youthful order ef knight
errantry, which ah hope to -see ex
tended to Great Britain. She Bays' tho
hoodlums of Chicago hav, profited
greatly by it, and, think It might b
th mean of reforming nfany of tba
hooligans -of London. It 1 eertalnly
a pretty Idea, but the Joint ownership
schema la hardly one that will appeal
tothe. average, Englishman c'
Sine It wa reported that an Ameri
can wanted to buy- the abbey, a move
ment has been started to buy It for th
nation, and that Is undoubtedly th plan
that will mt with th warmest sup
port hare.
Olastonbury abbey le altuated in Som
ersetshire, some I milea south of Bris
tol, lta origin la loat In the mytha of
tradition. It 1 one of tha earliest ec
clesiastical foundations In England, and
forme a tie between the Briton and tha
Englishman, , the old Christianity and
1 ' : " . . . . . I
' . 1 nn i
a ohlld and which impressed ma deeply
and gav me an Increased affection for
It l that -o4h-phantom boatman. Tor
canturie the lake had been tha aummer
camping ground of the Indian trlbea of
the northwest, particularly of th mod
ern tribe called the Nes Percea.
Hera Indian maidena were wooed and
won. here they were wed under tha
concern about ' the people from whom
they drew their salaries. It was a sys
tem calculated to develop th selfish
ness which seemed an Inherent part of
Chinese life and philosophy. Now that
th aohool examination have been snh-
atltuted for the civil service examina
tions, an'lmprovemenf may "b expected
In the service, but even the modified
ayatem will not keep the aervant In
touch with thoae whom, he serves.
The King Is a Figurehead. . ' : ,
In Europe the constitutional 1 mon
archy hae undergone a constant devel
opment until In many countrlee tha
king Is but a figurehead. In England
the aovereign would not think of veil
ing a bill passed by tha legislative
body, and tha house of lorda aaldom ve-
toes ajbill passed br the house orcom-
n ASK SB Tl MS1M m SH I W IstH t SB Sk H Hell
mona. The prime minister is a much
more potent factor. In government than
tha king hlmaeir. in Denmark th gov
ernment la brought even nearer to the
people by tha aubatitution of one legis
lative body for two. that body being
elected by the people under universal
suffrage. The king of Norway is even
less likely to attempt to obstruct the
will of parliament than the king of
England. NorwaySas" reduced"" mon
archy to a .minimum and placed the
government In th hand of the votera
to- do with It aa they- please.
tn Bwttxerland th - republican form-)
of government haa stood th teat of
experiment. - In the absence of pomp
and ceremony end official extravagance,
th government of Swltserland le not
Ruins
m
in r-m-r
"'if ill -f' "
the new. The first church was a little
wattled building, and it waathe font
belief for many centuries that It waa
erected by Bt Joaeph of Arlmathea, be
who gave his own sepulchre for a rest
ing place for the bones of the Savior.
According to the -etory he wandered
westward to apread the light of faith,
bearing with him the holy grail and a
thorn from th holy land, and which
served him. a staff. It la aatd that
h settled in Glastonbury, and there
planted hie ataff which grew Into a
tree that was honored by countless gen
erations of pllgiims.l . IT waa burled
there, according to the same etory. -
Arthur 'and His , Queen There.
Caltle legend credit It with being the
burial place of King Arthur fcnd Queen
Guinevere. It I th plac of which, aa
Tennyson wretei
- . .i ii
shadows of tha mountains, and here wu
brought some of the fiercest rivalries
known to 4 tie lavage -breasts. - 1
Mlt-mox and We-lata!,' stalwart war
rlora. were auitors for the hand of
U-maa. daughter of a chieftain ruling
the tribo 109 years before Chief Jo
seph's time. From the tepeea on the
Imnaha, tha Clearwater and Snak river.
surpassed, If equaled, by ' th govern
ment of any similar population in tba
world. Three languagea . are apoken
within her borders and used tn parlia
mentary proceedings. Tha people are
part Protestant, part. Catholic and part
Jew, and yet, with the initiative and
referendum In -both -the" federal govern
ment and the cantons, the government
rests eo securely upon the popular will
that th people live together in entire
harmony and could resist a much larger
population attacking from without.
Colonial System Interesting.
The colonial system also comes undet
one'a observation In a trip around th
world. Th Netherlands hav ' large
colonial possessions In th Malay arehl.
pel ago, but they have been compelled to
tibandon the culture system form of j
1 " " " " 1 ' - - " " 9
slavery and there are slros of a polit
ical development which will soma day
make It necessary for Holland to con
sult the wishes of the people more than
she has In the past. ''
I ha ve already spoken of - both India
and Egypt. In other article,' and I only
refer to the subject her tn order to
draw a contrast between colonialism as
appTtd"toeartada and eulontaHTn"aa-t
Is seen In India. . In Canada the pec
pie hav as complete self-government
as they have In England, th governor
ger.er4 being-as IttU likely tv 4e the
veto power a th king htmaelf. In
India, on the other hand, tha natlvea
are not consulted In regard to the gen
eral management of tha country.
of Abbey
Th Island valley of Avl!Ion, .
Wher falls not halUorraln-or any
now.
Nor ever wind blowa loudly, but it 11m
Deep-meadowed, happy, fair, with or
chard lawne
And bowery hollow crowned with aum
mer aea."
David of Mlnevla Is said to hava built
a new church near the old one. about
(46. Tha West Saxon king. Ine. added a
monaatery to It. respolled by the
Danea, it was refounded about 4 by
St. Dunatan. For the mortification of
his flesh and the extinction of worldly
vanity, St. Dunftan built for himself a
cell In the abbey, five feet long by two
and a .half broad, where be retired to
pray and to aea visions. Here, also, he
worked in metals, end It waa whll la
boring at hla forge there occurred, ac
cording to old chronicle, . hla famous
temptation by tha devlL which ha ended
by selling the fiend by the noes with
hla red-bot pincers. St. Dunstan was
buried In the. abbey andlt aubaequently
became the sepulchre of the Saxon
kings, JEdmundjEdgaiand Edmund
Ironsides. ' , ' .
' It was the one church of the. flrjt
rankTTfiaf "passed unscathed through th
atorm of the English conquest. There
was not In the height of its fame a lord
Her foundation in all England that that
of Glastonbury, lta revenue exceeded
I2OA.O00 per annum, and In thoaa daya,
dollar waa worth five in Jhes times.
It had Seven great parka stocked with
deer. " . ' ' 7- -rs:
Abbot Was lord of AIL '
"TfNo on'e dared to est foot in the tale of
Avalon where the abbey stood nqt even
a blahop or a prince without th leave
of my lord abbot There were 100
monk and 400 servants to look after
them. Of th rains, the best preserved
la the atona abbot'a kitchen. It feot
aq'uar and Tt feet high with four huge"
fireplace. ,
When HnryTTTiritftd auppreee
tng and plundering monasteries, he made
a clean eweep of Glastonbury and
hanged the mitred abbot with two ef hie
monks on the top of Tor Hill. After that,
the piece fell Into decay end became tha
quarry1 of all the bulldera tn the neigh
borhood. The rulne of the' grand old
abbey, which once covered 10 acres, are
now comparatively scanty. . But there
till remalna the roofleee chapel of St.
Joseph. s
s,i
I 4J
I
MTzmnw
th rivalry between ' the suitors was
brous-ht to the aummer camp at tha
lake. U-maa could not choose. ' Both
aultora were bray, both were band
aome, both were ardent lover.
' Taxea are levied and collected, armies
are raised, fed and directed without re
gard to the wishes of the native popula
tion. They have experienced all of the
evils that can come from a colonial sys
tem administered by a trading company.
and thev hav had a chanc to learn
that-a-eolonlat system-even when ad
ministered in audi a way aa to command
tha admiration of those who believe In
colonialism, atlll falls far short of self
government I have already said that
wa have treated tha Filiplnoa better
than England haa treated the people of
India, but that we have dona ao at an
enormous expense .to our country. It
would be better for the Filiplnoa and bet
ter for ua to recognise thalr right to
self-government and Independence.
After one haa had a chance to see
monarchlea, limited and unlimited, aa
letocraclee based upon borth nd ar
ist6crac1es"Tsaied"Tipoii a' liierft" system;
after one has bacT a chance tarcompare
these syatema with tha republican form
of government, he Is ready to declare
that from every standpoint that govern
ment Is best which resta upon the con-
aent of tha governed. Borne nave in
stated that a monarchy Is stronger be
cause all the power of tha government
earLbeconeentrated quickly ana maae
"Mr T smi J-4Sv.nt.-i-
effective - at once," b"tjhl 'advantage
is small when compared with th. i ad-
vantages to b derived from a govern
ment which th people support with en
thusiasm:'' The historian-, Banerof t,
rightly declares that a republic ought to
ba the etrongeat of all govarnmenta be
cause, discarding tha Implements of ter
ror. It darea to build lta citadel in tba
hearta of man. , '
Republics Are Enduring.
A republic . which la not merely In
theory but in fact a government of the
people, by the people and for the peo
ple la the most enduring of governmenta.
It ia strong because it is loved and loved
because it la good.
Aristocracies are defended by their
sdvocatea on tha ground that the few
era wiser than th many, but this Is
not tru whether It I an aristocracy of
birth or of learning, for a th whole
la greater than any of lta parts, so a
democracy must ba wiser 'than an
aristocracy, because it can draw upon
the wladom of all. The old saying that
everybody knows mora than anybody
la founded upon reaeon and experience,
but there la another reason why a
democracy la better than an aristocracy,
namely that the Interests of tha whole
people are safer In the handa of th peo
ple themselves than in the handa of any
element which assumes to speak for the
people.' Th fault of free government
have been found to be not In the people
themselves, but In those who, selected
to represent them, betray their trust.
If th representatives of the people, whom
the people themselves select are some
times unfaithful to their trust, what
must be expected" or those who aaaume
to act without, being aelected by the
people? - . . . . ' .... I
Danger of Birth Aristocracies -
' In aristocracies resting upon birth tha
very fact that the rulers regard them
selves superior to the masses makes It
difficult- for-thetn-to view question from
the standpoint of the people at large.
Whatever the form of the government,
there will, a Jefferson declared, al
ways be two parties, on tending toward
democracy and th othr tending toward
aristocracy. Those who hava faith la
th people are conatantly trying to make
the government more and. more re
sponsive to the will of the people; those
who distrust tha people ar constantly
endeavoring to Increase the dlatanca be
tween the cltlsen and hla representative.
In a republlo there ar torn who em
phasis' the virtue of th people and
other who emphasis th virtue of
th representative. Bom Insist that th
people ahould think for themselves and
elect representative to glv expression
to the, publlo will: others Insist that the
representative should b ao superior to
th masses as to be able to do th think
ing for th people.
In th early history ef the country
Thomas Jefferson nd Alexander Ham
ilton represented these two Ideas.
Jefferson not only hell" ved that the
people should think for themaelve. and
should elect their repretenUUrt 6wt
Night were filled with aJtrnatlni .
j love and hatred for tn auuora. i .
Hlmea - MtUmox - would - take. i:-ma over :
i the bosom of the lake In hie canoe an.l
We-lata would linger on tha ehor, Jem-;
misv eatlna at hie heart. Then ve-iat,
Jwoutl win the beautiful girl tempo-.
hi ranoo glided over tha llvry wavea,f
Mlt-mox wandered along , th hor
vowing veng'-anee.
Finally on beautifully clear nlghr ;
We-Iats and T-mae had rewel to - th .
very renter of the lake, out Of eight J
from the ahor. .The moon Hi hidden)
from the mountaine. the' bosom of th
IHKF W!tB
UtaHil ml aerene.
The canoe of the lovera waa light
a bird and rod the watera witn aqua
grace. For an hour th lovera rowed,
llstleealy heretand there In the darken
ing shadows, -planning for ' thte future
Yonder on the shore like distant star a,
twinkled ihe dying flree. The old men
were asleep, the' women were crooning.
the children were at play. ,t ,
The-Due!, cm-the Laker1 :- .
Suddenly aa the fill! rnonn burst abov
the towering mountain and turned th
bosom of the lake Into a allvery aheen
and revealed the .canoe of th lovera far,
out on the shimmering waters the cano
of Mlt-fnox darted from the ahadowa.
.in am mm . mnA atralthllv aa Si
wild beast. Close beside the canoe o
the lovere it swept and before Uemn
was a war', the fierce aultora were lit
deadly conflict. . ;
Knlvee flashed In the moonlight, th
darting hands of th aavages were awlft1
and dexterous and carried d''th In their
blows, and w(th a shriek .both suitor
sank lnt6 the water and in their death,
struggle carried down the canoe hearing-
ir-mas, who, with a scream of .terror,
disappeared beneath tha bosom of th
lake.- .- - - - - -.- , .
Her cries threw the eamra into com
motion an Those -nearest'-tha-alvor- aa-W; .
the fierce combat in th water and wit
nessed the sinking of ' th canoe and' ,
their occupant.
Nver-aln--did Indian lovera row
ucon tha bosom of the lake t nlght-l
Old women an !d they had fen a phan-
torn boatman steal from the shidowe of.
the aldera and dart across the water;
to where th chieftain" daughter llsped
of lova in the arms of Wc-l-ita, . They
declared that this same phantom boat-' ;
man haunted the lako ev-r after. Lovern'
dared not bVave his murderous arm.
-At--tieva- bald-eagle in the roouiu
tain topa would acrenm to his mat on
some far pihnacle. The old women on'
hearing this would point toward th
center of tha lake and ahudderisgly
would declare that the eagle were re
peating tha last cry of U-maa" -
. . . ,
he believed In ehort terma and frequent ,
elections, in order that tha cltlaene
might more effectively control their pub-j
lie servants. Hamilton, on the other
hand, believed In a strong centralised
government In which f he . officials
should be removed as far as possible,
from .the voter,'. Hie plan of govern-,
ment. carefully prepared and presented
at th time of th formation of th con
stitution, provided for a president elect
ed for life or during good behavior, for)
sens tore elected for -Ufa or during good:
behavior, or for governora of the aev-,-eral
states appointed by the president
for life or during good behavior. No
one would propose such a plan at this
time, ao great haa been tha advance to
ward democracy. Thla growth la lndl-J
cated by th fact that th national : .
house of representatives has four times;
declared in favor of the election oft
lhej;nltedGtateseenators by direct!
vote nf thapeoideIancLJaylilieiurtheer;
fact that mora than two thlrda of the,
atatea of tha union hava by legislative
action declared In favor of thla change. ;
Th unpopularity of tha latter part of.
Hamilton , plun namely th appoint-1
ment of governor by th president Is ,
shown by uie fact that territorial gov-.
ernment under tha prealdent not ' foe
-UfA 'or a few years Is deemed an-1
Mti,factoryT-'Th.-eopi.-or. tertt6ryj.-
wanting statehood, and the
main reaaon Is that they desire to elect'
their own officials.
Idea of Democracy Crowing.
The democ ratio Idea ia growing th
term 1 not -used In a partisan sense,
but In that broader aenaa In which tt
describes government by tha People.
There la not a civilised nation in -which
the idea of- popular government la not
growing, and In all th semi-civilised
nation there ar reformers who are
urging an extension of th Influence of'
the people In government. 80 universal
la thla growth of democratic Ideaa that
there can be no doubt of th final tri
umph of theaa Ideaa. . Monarchlea. at
first unlimited, are now limited, and
limited monarchlea ar recognising mora
nd more the right of th. peopl to a
vole In their own government Men-
archies- and aristocracies tend toward
democracy, and republlca tend to be
come more and more democratic In thai
forma and method. ...
When th need planted In tha earth
Bends forth tha tender leaf and than
tha atalk. when th grain appear en
th stalk and supplies th bread necea-
aary for tha support of our bodies, w!
know that there Is back of th seed at
fore irresistible and oonatantly work
ing. A irresistible end ceaseless in :
its activity la tha fore behind political ;
and moral truth.
American Principles Spreading.
The advocate of th American tha
ory of government can. therefore, labor I
with the confident, aasuraooe. that th
principle planted upon American soil a '
century and a quarter ago are dtatlmd
to grow here and everywhere until arbi
trary power will nowhere ba known, and
tba voice of the people will be recog
nised. If not as the voice of God, at
least, Bancroft define It, th
best expression of tha dlvin will to b
found upon-the earth -a ........ . -
In republlca, aa In ether forme of
government, there will at time be dla
turbancea, but these com from a fall
ur to recognlie and respect th current
of publlo opinion. If w atand by th
sld ef a stream and watch It gild
pasties, w can In safety Helen to
the aong of the waters but if we at
tempt to dam the etrara w fli.d the
water rising abov th dam. If w ,-
kfnake the dam higher still, th water
rise still mora, and at laat th fore
of th unobstructed water is a great
that no dam made by human hands can
longer stay It. Sometimes, when th
dam Is washed away, damat-e is don
to thos who nve In th valley -.nainwy-but
th fault I not In the- stream, but
In thoae who attempt to obstruct It.
Public Opinion Flows Onward.
So In human svley tire Is a kt
rent Of puhllc " ln(m Mch flows v
onward. If I;' tv" .
1,v rot harm any en". "it If n'
el this current msy rernme a -
V-'oat
1 ou lo
Jf '