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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 26, 1906)
" . . C! ...J Z nJV j3I.rAL, , I" . CUC.V I 2,' .'AUGUST 3, j,'1 V', "; -' 1 f t 1 1 .. a ;. - .. .:,A' I. i ' ; I- J - ..... t ' 4 -'jmvtm y. ' ft. , n c---; bg.- rr v . r ..'4.". - '- By William- Jnnlnr Bryan. (Onprlfbt, 19(16. by Jowpb B. Jlowlc. Copy, rtsht la Onat Brltala. All Blgtta BMrrd.) 1 WAS vnabla to crowd Into tha laat ; arttelo all. of our, azpeiiencaa In tha land of tha Turk, ao I dvotad It to ConrUntlnODla. learlna to this papa tha dlacuaalon of tha aultan. - hla rallclon and nta aovernmani. . v Abdul Hamud Kahn.ll la tna praa ant aultan of Turkey. Ha U I yaara ' old, ' and baa ooouplad tha ' throna tor naarly 10 yeara. Hla family naa oan unrcms' In Conatantlnopla for 14 aan aratlona arar stnea tha taklns of tha city by tha Mohammadana. , Ha la not only an abaoluta monarch throuchout tha domain of Turkey, but ho la tha nlrltnal head of tha Moelem church. ; Hla power la really due mora to hla hi xom noution inan lo nie nn- 1 erelanty. He la credited with "doing- , mora for tha apread of education than fcla predeoeaaora, but he can hardly be eaued an entnuiiaauo pairon m iw In. .- Ha endearora to malnUIn cordial ralatlona with European powera, and la on eapeciaUr good terms with Emperor William,. r, , - , .-... ShowfafHli Friendship. . ' - When hewante to show hlmaelf friendly to a nation ha appoints some repreeentatire of that nation to a place -in tnajmyiiaryMLjPvner.a''pr,""iji of tha Dubllo arrlca-at a high aalary. ' and ha rives deoorationa to auch for le-nera aa ha dealrea to nonor.- . Erery Friday about midday he roes to a moaqUa near tha palace to pray, and tha occasion la one of rreat Interest to thoaa who are fortunate enough to obtain sdmlsston to tha arounas. hla lourner from the palace to the chnrch la a brilliant pareant Tickets of admission must bo secured throurh the diplomatic repressntatlres, ana we are under obllratlon to the American legation for an opportunity to be pres ent. Aa early aa 11 o'clock bands, companies of Infantry, troops of caval ry and bodies of police eould be aeen marching toward the mosque. Prom the riant, over a hill, came tha cavalry mounted on white horaea and earrylnr pennanta of scarlet upon their spears; from another direction, marched the euatodlan of the sacred banner, a flag , of black silk with texts from the Koran embroidered - upon It In ailver; then others and still others came. Before time for tha sultan to appear several thousand soldiers had assembled and been assigned to weir nspeuUve ala tlena by officers Jn attractive unlforma. Drawn up several lines deep they guarded erery entrance to tha aaored precincts. ... '. ;: :f, . . ,-'A 'y . ,Th Pomp of Ptc.v':.vii- "... It was a gorgeous spectacle, for the TuraTlS"fln looking-aoiaier ttnia may account for the tenderneaa witn which the aultan Is handled by the "powera"). and there was sufficient va riety In the unlforma to lend plotur sananesa to the scene. . The invited guests occupied a large front room and an adjoining garden, from which they had - a clear view or tne Droaa sireei, freshly sprinkled with sand, and of the mosque about a block away. When all . . I . ' 111 m mtlm irates swung open and tha ladlea of tha court, oloaely veiled and accompanied by tha children. -poreeeded to the mosque In closed carnages arawn pt obmuiui Arabian horaea.. As usual In oriental countries, 4he members of tha household were attended by blaok eunuchs. . v-. At the appointed hour a black-robed figure appeared upon the minaret, and aa echo-like call to prayer floated down to the street. Thla was tha signal for which tha .spectators had waitea. ana all eyea turned-' at once to- the palace gate, through which in . double line marched the high officials, preceded by a band and followed by tha sultan's body guard and tha sultan nimsen in a car riage with hla minister of war. The officers ' Saluted, - tha eoldiers cheered, the visitors raised their bats" and tha aultan bowed and amlled. . v ' Sultan a Weakling,, ., Vv'C' Cv Hamud II Is mild n appearance, and hla black beard la but slightly streaked with gray. " He-does not -look-strong, and his figure aeemed diminutive when contrasted with that of hla minister of war. His imperial majesty, aa ha la styled, remained ' in the mosque for nearly half an hour. When ha at last eama out ho entered a phaeton with his eldest son, and.taklng tha lines himself, drove back to the palace behind one of the handsomest teams In Europe. Tha horsee are a very dark, almost black, dappled chestnut eorrel, with ailver mane and. toll. They -are per fectly matched, weigh MO or 1,400 pounds, and their shining eoata give evidence of constant care. Wi obtained permission to visit the aultan's stables, and . aaw a few. not all,' of hla more than a" thousand horaea The finest areytbe Arabian stalllona, of which ha has quite a number, tha best - of the breed.,' In one room we aaw 10 or more saddlea and - bridles, many of them richly ornamented. In the collectloB are two Teaaa saddles presentad by Minister Terrell when he represented our government : In Con atantlnopla. ' ' ' 4 : Tha Sons of tha Sultan. , Before passing from the Belamllk, aj tha proceasloh- la called. It may. not be out .of place to remind tha reader that tha ceremonies were ., interrupted less than a year ago by tha explosion of a bomb close to the line of march. . . Near tha mosque la a-large gate which the procession passes. Outside of thla gate a guard la stationed, but carriages were allowed to Una up back of. the guard. On that occasion a new carriage made Its appearance and secured a place as near tha gate aa was permitted. Thla carriage, having been axpreaaly built for tha purpose, had a large bomb concealed under tha driver" a seat The man In charge of tha enterprise represented to the driver that he wanted to take a pho tograph of .the procession Just aa the aultan passed, and instructed him to preaa tha button at tha proper time.. He did ao,. and a number of thoaa near the aultan were killed, but tha aultan hlm aelf escaped without Injury.'' -Greater precaution la taken now than before, but tha head of tha church atlll makea hla weekly pilgrimage to the mosque, thus maintaining unbroken a record covering nearly three decades. . Glory That Is Fading;. ' 1 hope I shall be pardoned Tor giving ao much apace to ao military and spec tacular a performance, but it la a scene that ian -be witnessed nowhere c)n..and la the last reminder of the pomp and ahow that 'formerly eharacteried all the emplrea of tha east. It. may seem a lit tle incongruous that ao - many swords and muskets ahould be brought Into re quisition an a religious function, but It must be remembered that Mohammedan' Ism recognises the aword aa a legitimate agency In the spread of Its creed. ' . I have been tempted to refer to the tenets of Mohammedanism before, for wa began to meet the Zollowera of tha prophet aa soon, aa wa entered Asia, but It seemed mora appropriate to. consider the subject in connection with the high personage who combines the authority of a temporal ruler with tha dignity of ...(, Book of tha .Law. t f . f The Koran la tha book of the law. and tha Moslem la not permitted to- doubt Ita plenary Inspiration. After Mohamet announced that he had been selected aa a messenger of tha Lord and commis sioned to preach, ha began giving out what he declared to ba revelations. They read aa commands to nim to "speak" and 10 "say." His central idea waa the unity of God and hla special mission tha overthrow of Idolatry. , - .' v . He emphasised the resurrection of the body, and the Korean Is full of promises to the faithful, and aa full of threats agslnst the InfldeL ' la the Koran God la quoted aa promising: "For those who are devout are prepared with their Lord gardena through" which rivers - flow; therein shall thay continue forever! and they shall enjoy wlvea free from impur ity and the favor of God." - For the in fidel, which Includes alt who do not ac cept the prophet, tha following punish ment la threatened:. "Verily, those who disbelieve our algns, wa will surely cast to be broiled In hell fire; ao often aa their skin shall be well burned, wa will give them other skins in exchange, that they may taste the sharper punishment; for God la mighty and wise." ' Through the Koran he not only cred ited God with "the creation and with a care for all the wanta of man, but ha alao declared that God deceived and mis led some, while he guided others aright! In one revelation he me4s God say: "They who accuse our signs of false hood are deaf and dumb, . walking In darkness; God will lead into error whom he pleaseth, and whom he pleaaetb he will put In the right way." . , ; , ; Accepts tha Old Testament - v- Ha accepted 'tha Old Testament, and counted Christ among tha prophets. In one of tha revelations he declares that he la commanded to Bay: . "We believe In God and - that which" has been aent down unto ua, and that which hath' been sent down unto Abraham, and Iahmael, and laaaoy and Jacob, and the trlbea, and that which waa delivered unto Moaea, and Jesus, and that which - was delivered unto the propheta from their Lord; we make no distinction between any of them and to. God we are resigned. - In the beginning of hla ministry hla revelations were friendly to the Jews, whom ha at flrat attempted to concili ate, but when they rejected him, he gave out other revelations which treated the Jewa with great aeverlty. Ha started out-to- Tely-ttponJ reason: an air appeal to conscience, ana by persussion - he formed the nucleus of his church, but as he grew stronger hla revelations became mors warlike In tone, and af laat he committed ' the - Almighty to - relentless warfar against the infidel.- Here la the language which ha imputea to God: "O, prophet, wage war agalnat tha unbeliev ers and tha hypocrites, and De severe unto them for their dwelling shall be hellr1 an -unhappy-Journey ' ahall be thither!" . At another time he told hla followers that they would br; asked whether' It waa ' proper to war ' la . tha sacred month and be Instructed them to answer: "The temptation to idolatry la mora griavoua than to kill In tha sa cred months." ; ', On man j questions the advice which, he gave through the koran waa all that could ba desired. He urged Justice in dealing between ma n and man, and strict administration of trusts, care for tha or phan and widow, and charity toward the poor. . He condemned the uaa of intoxi cating liquor and gambling, aaylng: "They will aak thee concerning wine and lota; ana war. In both there la great sin, and also aome thlnga of usa unto men; but their sinfulness is greater than their use." ' Aa to almsgiving, th measure was to be. "what ye have to spare." While plurality of wlvea waa allowed and Mohamet exercised the privilege to tha limit, furnishing a new revelation when necessary to Justify a new mar riagethe virtue of the women la scrup ulously guarded by the Moslem code. The women are not allowed to mingle with men, and thla la one of the weak nesses of Mohammedanism.. In Moham medan aoclety tha Influence of women counte for little, and as a result the fol lowers of Islam are sluggards la Intel lectual pursuits. ' t.-: : '.: .... '.-. '' ' :-r-- ;,: - NothingEleating Here. ;;')', - In the Philippines the Mohammedans form the loweat stratum of tha popula tion;. In Java they are Juat awakening to the necessity for education; In India. they are behind the Hindu, and atlll fur ther behind the Parses; In Egypt they Wng "up"nrrf7slfiey--dor-also--tn 8yrla and Palestine. Only where they have come Into contact with Christian civilisation have they been stimulated to tha discussion of schools ana questions of covernment. It must be admitted,' however, that some of the customs, of Europe and America have tended to' prejudice the followers of Mohamet., agalnat western civilisation. One who waa In attendance at a banquet given during the recent Morocco conference told me of the as tonishment of some of the Mohammedan representatives at what they saw. When the ladies appeared In evening dreaa they, remembering tha veiled ladlea of their own land, asked: "Do your women always dress thla wayf When wine waa brought on they asked: ' "Do all your people drink wtneT" And when. after, the dinner, dancing began, they asked: "Do the women danoo with their own husbands onlyT" The anawera to aome of these .inquiries seemed to aa- tonian them. . -....-', Tha Dancing" Dervishes. -There are several Mohammedan sects, some known as Dervishes. There are dancing . Dervishes and howling Der vishes. Wa saw tha latter variety at one of their weekly meetings. The mem bers recite In concert: "God la great," their voices rising up aa they warm up; they bend over and away to and fro un til they are ex na us tea. Tnere is a sort of weird melody shout their ohaot,-and their endurance - la - surprising. wa watched them for half an hour, and they bent almost double, going through thla motion-from 10 fo 40 tlmea per minute. At tha close of tha exercises (or per formance) the prieat walked over the bodies of several children to heal them I While Mohammedanism, aa estab lished by Its founder, stilt holds tha al legiance of many scores of millions, in fluencing them for good in many re spects and for evil in some: while those orthodox followers of the prophet kneel st st s ted hours each day and pray toward Mecca, air.of them who have not done so, hoping to make the pilgrimage commanded of them -while theaa are keentna the letter of tha Koran, there la a reform at work which may yet leaven tha whole lump. ; Old Earnest Abbaa EffendL .' Abbas-Effendl. now a political pris oner at Akka, in Palestine, la tha head of the reform, movement. Ha was born In Persia, and is carrying on tha work to which his father and grandfather do, voted their lives. He discards force a a means of propagating truth, and while he does not command monogamy, haa set the example by having but one wife. While Abbaa Effendls father preached moral suasion, his followers . were charged with revolutionary designs and the family waa exiled. After remaining a time at Constantinople under the sur veillance of tha eultaa, theef orov Jea4- ara were removed to Akka, a aeaport not far from Haifa Here, surrounded by a few followers, the son holds such com munication aa ha can with tha rest of tha church in Persia, his doctrines Hav ing as yet taken but little root among the Turks and Arabs. It Is believed In Akka that he-rewlves financial aid from a number of wealthy - Americana who have become Interested In his work. : Wa called UD4n Abbaa Effendl aa wa were leaving Palestine and found him an earnest old man with a careworn but kindly face. Hla hair and beard are gray, and ha apeaka with animation when hla favorite topic la under dlacuaalon. Doctrinea Like Tolatoi'a. - . ' ' , '. His "doctrines are""" aomethlhg' Ilk thoae of TolatoL but he does not carry the doctrine of non-resistance ao far aa doea tha Russian philosopher. . , How much ha may be able to do in the way of eliminating tha objectionable features of Mohammedanism no one can aay, but It la a hopeful sign that there la among. ta afoUowers of Mohamet aa organised ''. c7 'LJ. :- Jl: Ljl I ..... n m rn r i i . 1 1 i i.r i - - - 2 g, . WmmmMm? r - -4 m) !? '.V,: ', ," ' v. "':;..". ''. :-' St.' Sofia' at Constantinople. - - V,'" v5 v-'' ' 4 effort to ralae tha plana of discussion from, brute fore to an appeal to Intel ligence. ,;'. '.. y, (.- ,,"...,...'-. -l: . , , The government of the sultan la Hie worat on earth. It la. mora deapotlo than tha Russian government aver waa and adda corruption to despotism. The esar haa convoked a douma. the dowager em pre us of China haa aent her commis sioners abroad with a view to establish ing a constitution, and even the khedive of Egypt haa a council, but tha sultan still rules by his' arbitrary will, taking life or granting favor according to his pleasure. Ha Uvea in constant fear of aasaaslnation. and yot ha doea not seem to have learned that his own happiness, aa w111t thVCt00( rnment ahal?' rest upon the will of the governed. - Cruelty to the People. , -' While In the sultan's realm wa learned aomethlng of the cruelty practiced by his officials et us hope without hla knowledge.' for while he Is responsible for the conduct of his. appointees, he may not know all the evil done in hla name. Not long ago a young atudent waa arrested and Imprisoned because a paper was found In hla bouse which con tained Gladstone's statement that tha aultan waa an assassin. It waa only a scrap of paper, and had been given him because the other side contained an ad vertisement for a hair restorer, and he, Some You Cant Miss tha Eye of the .. Needle by ' Thla Simple Method. An Interesting story Is told In con nection with a r contrivance for thread ing aewing needles recently patented by a-Naw Tork man-Jt seems that this man, after finishing the evening meal, would adjourn - to his aaay chair and quietly read tha .evening paper or per- -CAN'T MISS THE .NEEDLE'S ETEU haps tha latest magastne. At tha same time hla wife'' would invariably bring forth stockings to darn, the chlldren'e dresses to mend , or , soma other piece of sewing that, needed attention.. He watched Jier many, tlraepatlently spend two and three Tnlnutee threading the needle, and occasionally paaa it to one of the older girls to do It for her. Be ing of a mechanical turn of mind, he Immediately set to work devising some thing by which the threading could be accomplished more accurately. - The re sult was . the contrivance ahown here. At the upper end of tha threader la an opening ahaped to hold a needle ao that tha eyea will -register with openings at the kldea. These side openings gradual ly decrease from the outer extremity to the opening registering with eye or the needle. - It la an eaay matter to lo cate the hole In the threader, the pas sageway of aha opening, guiding tha and of tha cotton to the eye of the needle and through to the other side. In taking tha paper to hla house, did not know of the offensive quotation. " Another young man waa kept ; In prison until he died because a book waa found in hla possession containing a pic ture of the aultan under which someone, unknown to him, had written the word dog. A third man was arrested because In ordering an engine, he aent a tele gram containing tha words: . "Seventy revolutions." In hla original order ha neglected to atate the number of revolu tions, 'and sent. tha telegram in anawer to an Inquiry. . A fourth man was Im prisoned because he received a telegram inquiring about a burglary, tha author Itiea mistaking tha word "burglary" for the word "Bulgaria," where the authori ties were expecting an uprising. These Instances and wa heard of many more are given simply to show that the ett Isen of Turkey la in constant danger of Imprisonment, however innocent he may ba of any Intention to violate tha law. . Where the Censor Shines.' -- But it la In the realm of the censor that the most amusing cases nave oc curred. - The officials are destroying a great many books Juat now in Turkey, and are very careful about the Introduc tion of new onea Recently the wife of a Justice of the peace, frightened by the confiscation' of books In the housea of her neighbors, thought to avoid all pos sible danger by burning her husband'a A Unique Method of Withdrawing Those Inclined to Be Obstinate. , As a rule, tha extraction of corks la not a painful operation, but, neverthe lesa, aoma corka have been known to have . an .obstinate disposition, and are only- withdrawn after much trouble. At tlmea the -contents of tha bottle also keep company with the cork and splat- tar on the garmenta of : those who- are In range, This variety of corka would prove "easy meat" for the cork extrac tor ahown here. ' It la really a combina tion corkscrew and.- extractor. . - It la not necessary to wrench your arm - to pull the cork. . You simply Insert the point of the corkscrew into tbe oork in tbe usual manner.. Pivoted to tha upper extremity of the acrew portion la a amall lever, which rests neer one end on what might be termed a "Jack." Tbla Jack In iurn rests upon the rim of the bottle. A glance at tha Illustration will suffice to show how easily the cprk can be extracted. Pressure on the end of the lever Is transmitted ; to - the- cork acrew, and by applying it gradually the cork Is soon, wrenched out of tha neck of the bottle. Tha threader la surroundVd by a ' pin cushion which keeps It In aa upright position and adda also to ita attractive ness, .;.(... ' ' ........ ... ,, . ........ 1 -.)- ORX-BOUD JQ COMELY library, bu her hope waa vain, for her husband waa arrested aa a dangerous character on tha ground that ha must have had a library. As he waa holding a Judicial position, the fact that he no longer had books - was a - sufficient ground for suspicion.. ( Religious publications, are subjected to very strict censorship," Sunday school lessons have been cut out because they qiioted from the Old Testament in re gard 'to the killing of kings, and tha word "Christian" la often added before sinners in 'order to. make the text ex clude Mohammedans. A Sunday school lesson about Joash, the boy king, 'was objected to because tbe authorities did not think It proper to suggest that a boy could be king. Sound Like a Joke. The above are actual caaea, but they have given rise to Jokea that go a little farther; - For Instance, they aay that dynamos are not allowed In Turkey bo cause tha name sounds Ilka dynamite, and that chemistries have been excluded because the formula for water, H(2I)0, la suspected of meaning, "Hamud II la a cypher." - ,-. I have had a little experience with a censor myself. At Beyrout, one of .the Turkish porta, a copy of the Koran and a copy of the life of Abbaa Effendl were taken from me. by the censor. I had no objection to his holding them during my Over' a Dozen Bracket With Arms for Holding the Cloaka. No matter how many closets ' and wardrobes, a woman may have at her disposal, she la always dissatisfied and Insists that they era not sufficient for her needa but that she must have mora. Additional wardrobes are ' expensive. Probably .that la the reason why a Jar- PLENTY OF HOOKS. M sey City man dealgned tha -garment rark shown In. th ar.comnarivtns' illus tration, which looks aa if It would serve as a good substitute for any wardrobe In tha number of brackets available.. In thla rack the Inventor haa realised the full possibilities of thla style of furni ture... Upon "an' 'ordlnarjr slfchaafd ' he plsces a center upright, which supports revolving hub at the top., connected with the hub is a tubular rim, upon which are suspended a -doaen or mora hooka arranged to slide on the rim. On each hook an 'arm -is attached. 'Theaa arma are about a foot In length and aerva to support the garmenta When not actually . In use they can ba awung out of their' extended position so aa not to extend beyond the outline of the rim. At the top of the hub a amall top place la added, which la very useful to sup port bat. ......... ... ... ,. .. ' Electric light haa been introduced Into the- Beauchampa . tower, the old atate prison In tha Tower of Jbondoa, It: star In the country,' but when ha in formed ma that they would have to ba aent to Conatantlnopla I demurred, and, with the aid of our representative. Con sul General Berghols, not only secured the books, but secured a promise that the right of American cltlsena to carry books would not In t,he future ba Inter, fered with at that port. .- . . ., . - In conclusion, I desire to add that wa ought to have an ambassador instead of a minister at Constantinople. Ac cording to tha custom prevailing In tha aultan'a realm, a minister la not on equal footing with ambaesadora. andaa other nations have ambassadors there American Interests auffer. We have It caaea now awaiting, adjuatment. Ac cording to our law our appointment of an ambassador to any country depends upon that country's willingness to send an ambassador to ua This Is a false basis. . Our action should depend not upon what other nations do. but upon1 our diplomatic needs, and we need an ambassador at Conatantlnopla, whether Turkey needa one at Washington or not, I understand tha question la already be ing considered In congress, and from ob servation I am aattsfled that the tlma has come for the raising of our legation , to the dignity of an embassy, that Amer- lean Interests and rights of American cltlsena may have proper protection in Turkey,' for nowhere la there greater. : need for tha introduction of American . ideas. -': :"'"; Inventions An Attachment for . Locating tha Branch to Ba Cut , - If Inventors continue to add Improve ments to appliances which considerably lessen the labor' otherwise necessary and at present the prospects are good that they will It will become necessary for our greavgreat-grandchtldrea ta alt Idly by and sea machinery do all - tha 4 CATCHES THE BRANCH, work. No hand labor will be necessary. Of course, thls doesn't apply to tha pruning device Shown la tha accompany ing Illustration. Still, the inventor of the attachment on thla implement has produced a simple means of leeeealne; the labor "Of ' pruning- trer.s. A stead t -hand la not now an abaoluta essential. The operator la not compelled to locatt tha branch between the two blades " ' the knife. Instead, an txtenslu f added near tha head of tha pols. extension projects upward and f an opening for catching tbe bran' l o the tree. After this Is act-amp. ' the knife la thua brought into - with the branch and it Is rea4. t off. In other words, three bi son now be pruned In the aame 1 t one waa formerly eaL . . ' atay Be Beetak Yes; " ' " From the Dstrolt Jour Again Mr. Paul Mortoa I Quitted, mora or Isee, y .
