The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972, July 23, 1906, Image 1

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    GOOD EVniTIIIG
Journal Circulation
THE WEATHER.
. Pair tonight and Tuesday; north
westerly winda.
VOL. V. NO.' 119.
PORTLAND, OREGON. MONDAY EVENING. JULY 23, - 1903. FOURTEEN PAGES.
PRICE TWO CENTS. S?ArJHrt.,aE.
Sunday ))fp f Kfl
- ' v. -w aaa-. . easa'- mw
u
DPS!
F1AZ1EIR.
VICTORIOUS HN Jjjj
Ex-PatrolmanSuccess-ful
in His Suit to
: Have Bruin's Appoint
ment Declared Void
.. t
In the circuit court thla morn
4 lng Judge Fraser ruloU that Pat-
rick Bruin waa not antitlad to
. hold a position as captain of de-
tectivea.- . '
The judge bald that the ex-
amlnatlon or which . Bruin got
hla position . waa not legally
called. In that notice waa given
of the coming examination only
4 nine days before It waa bald.
Instead of two weeks, as ex-
pressly required by etatute. The
Judgo did not Inquire Into Bruin's
-qualifications for the position,
... ruling that this -waa a matter to
e be decided by the commission. ,
It haa been the custom to hold
exaralnatione aftsr notice ef
1 twtcs -published,' whether-A
two weeka have elapaed or not
evince the first notice, and It ta
sot known how .many-examinations
-were held n this manner.
All who passed (such examlna-
ttion are in Bruin's class There-
fore many are scared.
i, ..
""The appointment of Patrick Bruin
to tho position of, captain of police waa
declared void by ' Judge Fraser in the
circuit cSurt thla morning in announc
ing hla decision In the ouster proceed
ings instituted agalnat Captain Bruin
by Patrolman Oscar Isakaon. '. Judge
Fraser held that the civil service com
mission did not comply ' with the re-
- qulramante of- -the rharter Tegardtng
giving notice of the proponed examin
ation, which waa beld laat October, and
;. that consequently the examination waa
'not legal. ... ', ' v . -
. The proceedings Instituted were based
en three charges; that the action of
the commission In conducting the ex
amination and placing Bruin'a name on
the eligible list was . Illegal because
only nine days' notice waa given where
the- charter require 14 days' not leer
that the examination was not public
. nor regular and did not ..comply with
the provisions of 'J he charter; and that
Bruin waa not qualified to take the
the examination because he ' had not
been a cttlsen of Oregon three years
, preceding the examination,' and waa. not
a registered voter at the time. r
Qneetloa of Jurisdiction.
. . Judge Fraser beld that the question
hinged upon the Jurisdiction of the civil
1 aervloe commission In holding, the ex
amination, and that aa the court waa
not Bitting to review the proceedings
the question of the regularity of the
examination or of Bruin's eligibility
i could not be determined. Judge Fraser
said that If the commission had the
neceeaary Jurisdiction to hold the ex-
' amlnatlon the court had no power to
review the proceedings, no' matter how
. irregular- .the -examination "might have
been. '
"It la admitted that the notice -of the
' examination - waa ' published only nine
daya Instead of 14,"' continued ' the
. Judge. "Our supreme ' court haa held
(Continued on Page Four.)
(
King' of Cambodia s Impressions of; Modern
Civilization Causd Flutter Talk Too
Much, Wear Too Many; Clothes
. Uotrraal tpeelal tervke.) ' "
' Paris, July II. The chamberlain of
the king of Cambodia,' whose tour In
France has been causlrig no email stir,
has been writing a careful diary for
publication when the royal party retume
. to Paopmhenft, the capital of Cambodia.
By the help of an Interpreter several ex
tracts have been translated which show
how strangely modern life Impresses
the mind of a visitor from so distant a
.land. " '
"The -French people." writes the lord
chamberlain, "talk a great deal, ell talk
together, and women Interrupt their hua
bands without fear of punishment Very
little respect Is shown to people la htgh
places, and even servants speak to them
without, prostrating themselves. But
most people are rude In France, and the
rudeat are the' men who make clotures.
If Others Appointed by
Civil Service Commis
sion -Are in Bruin's
Class, Heads May Fall
Aa a result of the, decision by Judge
Fraser in the circuit 'court thla morning
ousting Patrick Bruin from hla position
of -captain of. detectives, all employes"
and offleere of the city who were ap
pointed by the civil service commission
are - wondering whether' they belong In
the aame class .with Captain Bruin, and
will loae their poaltlona In eonaeqiience.
' The civil service commission baa con
strued ; the provlalon of - the charter
which directs the' publishing of the no
tlcalnthejc4tyjpffl'lal paper for two-
weeka to mean that two Insertions of
the notice are sufficient, and that the
examination may proceed . immediately
after the second advertisement of the
notice.
Judge Fraxerheld-the t two weeks'
notice meana 14 full daya, and not two
issuer of-c --weekly paper, and that the
provlelens ef the charter had not been
oomplled with by the oivll service commission.-
-,-v .
It la not known- how many examina
tions have been held without the full 14
daya' notice, but there have been several
of them, and Mayor Lane haa Instructed
O. L McPherson. secretary of the com
mission, to cnecK over the list and de
termine how many were not in accord
ance - with Judge Fraser1 s ruling and
who the appointees are who axe illegally
holding their poelttono.
From .the eligible list prepared at the
time when Captain Bruin was examined.
Captain Slover and a number of patrol
men and firemen were appointed, and
these wlll.be directly affected, as the Hat
on which their namea appear haa been
declared void by Judge Fraser. , '
When McPherson became secretary of
the civil service commission, he fol
lowed the rule that had been established
by the former secretary of proceeding
with the exaralnatione Immediately
after the aecond Issue of the paper in
which the notice of the examination wi
nublls1ledr
The list or appointees unaer mo il
legal examinations will be announced aa
soon as it is oompieieo.
FUNERAL OF TR0XEL
HELD AT CORVALLIS
(Special niapatrh te Tee Jearsal.)
Corvallla, Or., July IS.- The funeral
was held here from Wilklns; undertaking
parlors at t o'clock this morning of the
late William Troxel, who died auddenly
Saturday at Eugene. He waa aged 47
and for many yeara resided In Klnga
valley, Benton county. He la survived
by a widow and two children. Inter
ment wes In Emerlck cemetery.' near
Philomath. Rev. McDonald of Eugene
conducted the services.
PEOPLE-ANXIOUSTO '
. GET PANAMA BONDS
" ' (Jon real Mptetet Berries.)'
Washington, July II. It Is announced
the Panama canal bond iaaue la over
subscribed eight times.
TO OTHER EM
Many of theee persons have not even
refrained, from threatening the sacred
dancer of the king with the, machines
they rarry In bbxes. t
' "Everybody ' weara far . too many
clothes, and they are worn all day long.
Many wear number of unnecessary gar.
ments. especially the women. The
women do not wear sampota' (trousers).
but Instead wear many.: superfluous
yard of different colored materials,
placed one on top of the other, and the
husbands encase th bodies of their
wives In cuirasses worn underneath
their dresses. ; , ( r
."Men and worn en meet together In
large companies, arid .quite without
shame. They pray, little, or not at all.
but their temple ax magnificent. and
built of atone.''
' MiauiaajM 'm. ; ' .'.
'J
fe,mmt:x nH Witt' W eieiejBnaaaasaaaaw.
aiimiiiiiiHiininijiiiiiiuiiwiiiJij
LATEST
MAY PUT WIRES
Coroner Call Arrangemrit of
Conduits Death Traps but Re
fuses to Hold Inquest Light
Company Blames Uneman
QectrlclanirWant Ordinance.
, . . -
One result of tbe electroeutloa ef
James E. Bannister fletarday Afterhoon
will undoubtedly .be a demand upon the
city council for paaaage of the proposed
ordinance requiring elect rio wires te be
placed underground.
f While Coroner Flnley characterises
the arrangements of wires on the thou
sands of poles about the city as "death
traps," he refuses to hold an Inquest
Into the death of Bannister, declaring
that a thefe Is no queetion as to the
cauae of the llneman'a death the case la
not one which can be properly laid be
fore a ooroner'a jury. '
Meanwhile. the-ordlBSno introduced
by Councilman Preston which will put
the wires In conduits In a place of safety
la resting easily In the box of the street
committee of Ihe council. ' ,.
Delayed by Bequest.
' The Portland General Kleotrlo com
pany asked that action upon It he de
layed for 10 day aa it waa feared some
t be readily purchased would be demanded
by the ordinance.- The committee
granted the request Bines then another
ordinance haa been Introduced by Coun
cilman Annand which provides for plac
ing oondulta for wires' In th eub-base-menta
of buildings. This 1 also being
held back. There la little doubt but
that thla would entail endless litigation
brought by property owner who would
refuse to give .up any epaoe ta their
buildings. .- ,
Ths Portland' General denies any re
eponslblllty for the death of Bannister,
who waa repairing the, private telephone
line of the water department. ,
"Their wires wsre plaoed too close to
our and during th warm weather all
wires sxpand and aag down, thla causing
the crossing," said H. 8. Bladen, elec
trical superintendent of the company,
today. "There were none of bur wire
on that polo aa they run up Fifth atreet,
while the telephone wire are along Jef
fareon. " As " the broesed wire were
spitting,'. Bannister must, have known
the denger." " .
Wast XleesriosJ Inspector.
"Linemen never will be cautloua un
til they get it," said T. O. Bykes, the
general auperlnte'ndent of the company.
Electrlolana not employed by the Port
land General declare that a lineman
takes hla. life In hla hands every time he
climbs a pole. It la theae men who have
been aaklng the 'oouncil to appoint an
electrical inapector who will ' have au
thority over Una on the atreet aa well
a over the wiring of buildings, in the
ordinance now ' before the atreet com
mittee a change will be suggested by
which this -mar be ' Bone. Opposition
will, of course, develop but the men who
know of the danger on the poles of their
own personal experience aay' they ran
make a etrong showing and can prove
that Portland la far behind the times.
Mayor WOl Investigate. .'
Mayor Lane haa announced hi Inten
tion of making an Investigation, which
may lead to prompter action by the
eouncIL
"All these wire should , go ' under
ground." declared Charles -Bavarian,
aupertntendent of the fire alarm aye
tern, this morning.-. Mr, Savarterr te- the
nearest official to city-electrician the
city haa, but he has no authority over
the stringing of wire on the pole.
Along a number of streets are wires
of the electric company whloh carry
what linemen call "hot taf f." that la.
power of 1,000 to 10.009 volte.' The
fire escape of the Eaton hotel had to be
grounded to prevent electricity running
riot through the building.
Jamee Btillwell, a brother-in-law of
the deed electrician, who '. la looking
after the lattera motherleaa children
end' arranging hla personal affaire, aaya
that no action ha aa yet been. taken
looking 'toward recovering - . damage
(Continued en Page reurj
Alfred Beit. the "King of Dia
mond, on.' the right, aid his friend,.
Cecil Rhodes, on the left, while below
is a photograph of the largest diti
mond ever found in South Africa. Mr.
Beit controlled the . largest diamond
-'mines in the world. '
timw(mim'ft..,nimiN.. ra.'gA.-?r!t'iinEiiuiiiiinnmifW
awn i no- mmummmt--'mMr ,mtm, mi i sai is- Viit in .
:.t.
Republicansjlarmedby Spread
of, Sentiment Against Stand
Patters may Rob Democrats of
. Campaign Material -Cannon
at Summer Capital, r ,
' (Jearaal Special BerrVje.i
Oystsr Bay, July Il-Bpeaker'' Joe
Cannon, Repreaentatlve Sherman of
New York. . Duncan MoKlnley of Cali
fornia, Henry C, Loudenelager of New
Jereey and William W. Cocka of New
York, member of th congressional Re
publican committee, are in conference
elections. Cocks repreeent the presi
dent's district.'- Cannon . and hla col
league went home with 'him. . - .
Senator Boise Penrose arrived and
took luncheon- with the preaident and
talked Pennaylvanla political '
The object of the conference I to
outline . plan for th - coming con
gressional campaign and to determine
whether tariff revlalon or a atand-pat
policy will be advocated. . Many weatern
congressmen together with those In the
New England atates report, that their
eonetituenclee are' clamoring for tariff
reform, and the advisability of .outlin
ing such a program 1 under considera
tion, i It Is understood that the presi
dent favor announcement of euch a
policy and will sooner or .later advocate
It, thua robbing the Democrat of cam
paign ammunition, fetpeaker Cannon, on
the other hand, favors a atand-pat pol
icy and arguee that there 1.00. popular
demand for reform.' : .
TAKES LIFE BECAUSE
r ' WIFE WAS FAITHLESS
' ' (Jwrnal Special SerTtoe.)
'- Reno, Nev., July II. D. A. Mcintosh,
a mining promoter of Oskland and agsnt
of the Paclfto Coast Wireless Telegraph
company, committed suicide here yester
day by wading Into the Trucks river
and allowing the swift water te earry
him off hla feet.
Mcintosh was once . one of the
wealthiest men In Spokane, Washington.
Hi wife ran-away- a few-yeer ago
with a dancing master and since then
Mclntoah had attempted aeveral tlmea
to kill himself. Once he- Jumped into
San Francisco bay.- He was eoneldered
a weslthy man. ..
NICK AND ALICE ARE ;
-"SPILLED FROM AUTO
' ' Monrea! Rpeclal SenaO
Balreuth. July It. Congressmen - and
Mrs. Long worth arrived, today unahaken
by. being -thrown - frem-an-- automobile
near Wuarsburg, Sunday. The ateerlng
gear broke and the machine careened
over en embankment They reaoheTT
Balreuth by train. ' ,
The thirtieth year Wagnerian Jubilee
began today, conducted by Herr Mottl.
Hundred jfAmertcan. are preaent.
JUSTICE RICKS QF .
- ILLINOIS COURT DIES
" , (Joarnal Special Serf lee.)
Taylorvllle. 111., July-II. Juetlce J,
B. Ricks of the state, supreme- court
died this morning of cancer of the
Stomaco. , .
i ii
80011 ADVOCATE.
iTARIFFlfH
I
'I
SSv.-:
muiiumiiiiiiiijJiJiiiiL'iiiiiiiuuij
E FAILS TO
COfdE TO COURT;
TRIAL DELAYED
HOG
DefensoSays Defendant Js.Seri4:r;irtrF-
ously 111 in North End Lodging-
House Physician Examines
Him on Behalf of Government
B; and Says He U Feigning,
Martin O. Hog, under trial 'with
Charles Nlckell, Harry W. Miller and
Frank B. JClncart for conspiracy to ay
born perjury, failed to appear In court
this morning. The reaeon given for
his- abeenee wae-eerlou- Illness, and
after Investigation a postponement of
day was ordered. As mattsrs stand now
the government contends that Hoge la
faking and ths defense, repreaented by
Thomas O'Day, expresses a fear that
Hoge will die' before morning. '
When court convened Attorney O'Day
Informed Judge.. Hunt that he had re
ceived atelephono. messsge. tathaef
fect that Hoge waa seriously m and
wae confined to hie room "In cheap
lodging-house In the north end." The
address given was the Falrmount, tlH
North Sixth street. .
A recess was taksn and Dr. K. A. J.
Mackenzie and Deputy United States
Marshal Olenn Buahee went to Hoge's
room ss representatives of the gov
ernment. TO tnm Mrs. HOgsieldrthia
two pbysiolans had told, her that her
husband wae- suffering from - spinal
meningitis. Hoge was lying In bed,
breathing heavily. He made no anawer
to questions and his wife said he had
not)spoken ail morning. , .'
, , ;. Fhysloiaa Max Bepoet,.' '
After making an examination of Hoge
Dr. Maokensle went into court and made
hie report from the wltneas stand. In
substance.be testified:
.. "I found Mr. Hoge In bed. He seemed
to be unconscious end I couldn't get any
word out of him. There were no signs
of paralytic condition. Hie limbs wsre
more or leee relaxsd, and thsre waa
no rigidity. , Hla pupils were contracted.
There -was a slight elevation of temperature-
and the pulse was rather
bounding,-but not rapid.- I could not
make out he was Buffering from any
erganlo disease. Two other physlotansr
of . whom X" know nothing -wsre there,
and apoke ef bis having meningitis. I
cculd find no evldenoe of mentngltte
whatever. The state of sleep In which
he seemed to be could have been feigned.
In my opinion the major part of his
trouble is feigned and not reel. I know
nothing to prevent bringing him Into
court any time after today.
In responne to an inquiry by Special
Assistant Attorney-General Hsney, Dr.
Mackensle said that if Hoge was taksn
to BC Vincent's hospital he would look
after him today." - :..' .
,' -Believes JKe Will trie.
Attorney O'Day had no questions to
ssk. "I have eeen the man." he said.
"In my opinion he "will be dead tomor
row.": . - F '
Special Agent William Mitchell took
the wltneaa etapd and testified that he
saw Hoge and his wife come out of a
restaurant on Sixth atreet, near Burn
side, at I- o'clock last night. They
started to go south on Sixth street, but
Hoge . saw the witness and at . once
turned back with hla wife and went
upstairs. Cross-examination developed
that the stairway led to HogC lodg
ing. . Th presence of a special agent on
the-eland eaused Attorney- O'Day to
bring up again nla complaint agalnat
the ahadowlng of hla houae. After go
ing over portions of his experience he
said: ' - ,
"1 1 come from a race that haa been
lighting certain klnda of government
for. 400 years.. and the feeling. has not
yet died In ma" .
Judge Hunt sesured the attorney thet
the matter would be Investigated by
United Statee Attorney Bristol. . who
would bring in euch report aa he aaw
fit. ; ,
Deputy Marshal Olenn Bushec, the
man'-who- brought - Hog' from Medford
nines failed to gain him a (enntlhuance,
(Continued sa Page Four.
K ........
TO
iB IS
Deputies Flee From St. Petersburg to Finland
and During Session Are Ordered Out by
Governor-General Czar' Will Encounter
Violent Opposition as Treatment of Parlia
ment Has United Opposition to Government
'-''' (Joaraal Speelal Sentrs.) ' . -
St. Petersburg,' July II. The govern
ment today. X or bade all processions er
street gatherlnga. Troops are In : full
oontroL However, 'It la clear that re
sistance will be made to the govern
ment In an effective manner. Th die
solution of parliament ha had the ef
fect of uniting ail discordant elements.
Liberal and revolutionary partlea alike
support the moat despesata measures,
but inflammable leadera are in charge at
present, and if patient heada control
until the people's forces are prepared the
caar will face a tremendous power, .'. '
After sitting almost continuously
since their arrival at Vlborg, members
of the douma today decided upon a
policy of passive reslstanoe. They will
endeavor to cripple the power of the
government In every way possible and
will Issue a manifesto urging the
people to refuse to pay taxes or serve
Many members urged sn immediate re
sort to arms. It is propoaed to or
ganise s constitutional aaaembly to pro
ceed with the electtone. The plan waa
dlaaueaed soberly for a time. Finally
tit-waa decided to proceed cautiously.
Th governor of Vlborg called at tne
Hotel Belvldere this afternoon ana an'
aouneed thet - he waa ordered by the
governor-general of Finland to close
the meeting of the douma, even if It
was necessary to use force. He stated
that the .deputise will not be allowed
.to meet, anywhere In Finland. - The
order cams a - the deputies were for
mulating s-maalfeato- to- the people.
KeeS la rUlaad-
Lte last night It was decided by the
members of the douma toj hold a session
In Finland and the members left for
Vlborg. . It waa feared if meetings were
contlnOed In the- capital delegate
would be arrested and the meetlnge
forcibly broken up. .
When the -douma - eeycnedaf TI-
borg nearly all the members were pres
ent. No program or roros is eontetn-
H00t?S ATTORNEY IS
TO ABANDON NEGRO
Wuaiael Saeiwl girrtes
- Pittsburg, Par July Is. . Attorney
Stanton, representing Hooe, - a negro
coachman,' announced in court this
morning when the Hartje esse was
sailed that he will quit Hooe because the
negro lied to him eo muoh he could not
plaoe a bit of reliance In any of - hie
statements. -The attorney for th de
fense rested sod rebuttal testimony wss
taken.
FIFTEEN INDICTMENTS
IN ICE TRUST CASE
(Joaraal SpeeUI Service.)
Clnolnnatl, July II. The secret report
of tbe grsnd Jury published today shows
the Indlotment of II lndlvlduala and
firms In the lee business on th charg
of conspiring In the restraining of
trade.- -
AMERCANS HONORED
BY FRENCH LEGION
(Joarnal Special gerrles.)
Paris, July 31. Hsnry Caohard, Wal
ter Day and James Deerlng. Americans,
are appointed offleere of the Legion of
Honor. ,.- .'' ? .
mmmx
Persistent Attorney Demands It in the United
States DjstrictLCourt for Twenty-First ,
Time and Is Successful at Last r
Attorney CharlsaF. XordV Indloted -fwr-.
complicity lit conspiring .to interior
with a United Statea official perform
ing -hi duty, appeared before Judge
Hunt In the United Statee district eourt
thle morning for tbe twenty-Oret time,
hie seniority so to speak, and obtained
what he haa never been able .to obtain
In his previous visits to the hall of
justice the setting ef a hearing for the
charges preferred agalnat him.
. Lord haa been persistent If nothing
else In hie demanda for a trial and
appeared but a few daya ago and asked
for a hearing. So hard did he-fight for
aivopttortunlty to be heard that It we
necessary for Judge Hunt to tell the
attorney that bla language ' waa not
proper for an officer ef th eourt. StUl
THE PEOPLE
E
plated at present aa It 1 recognised thai
without organisation and arms little
headway" can be made agalnat the gov
ernment. But seoret lnfluenoes are at
work In the army and navy and sedi
tion among. the Imperial .forces Is grow
ing rapidly. -
It la probable that a general strike
will soon be ceiled whloh will paralyse)
the Industries of the entire country.
It Is planned to make th strike much
mor - effective - than -that . which took
place, last winter and Involves paralysis
of the entire country through the tying
up or its industries, railroads and tele
graphs. A complete strike of the peas
ants In the country will take place at
tne same time.
meTolutloa ta Prospect, ' - -
The greatest fear of the revolutionary
leaders Is that premature action will '
spoil the plans under way. The radicals
are dissatisfied with the manifesto
adopted by the douma Shdwmprob-"
ably issue a much stronger one.
Every preparation has been made by
the government to suppress disturb
ances. St. Petersburg Is under martial
law and la full of troops, resembling
an armed camp. Hundreds of agitator
hav been arrested and all publlo - and
private meeting- forbidden. - Extraordi
nary powers hav been given the magis
trates and governors , of provinces
throughout! the empire and wholesale
executions are expected to follow. :
Due to these preparation there 1 no
disturbance In the' city today. -. It 'ia
reported that a flotilla of German gun
boats are. remaining within easy -wire-leee
communication of Peterhof to ren
der assistance should the csar be la
need ' of such assistance hastily. -
The news of the dissolution of par
liament spread rapidly throughout the
empire and It Is expected that the peas
ants will rise en masse. The news has
eaused ooaeternatlon In the ranks of
ths moderates, but the extremists and
rauicBiat wbu iut noaiai naive vwa a
preparing lor war, receives It with re
joicing. LADY MARY CURZON '
WAS BURIED TODAY
: (Joorsal Special Sarvtee.)
London, July 1 J. Lady Oursoa
buried, at Kedleston toaaj- Slmultaa- -eously
memorial service . was held at
Westminster, la St Margaret's. -t-sador
Whltelaw Held attended, aooom
panled by White, the American ambas
sador te 'Rome, who happened to be tn
the city.
SAGE'S BUSINESS TO
t '
CONTINUE AS USUAL!
(Jearaal Speelal Service.)
New York, July SI. Delanoey Mteetl
and Charles A. Gardner, counsel for th
executors of the Sage estate, reoelved
permission from the court today te eea
tlnue Russell Sage' business pending
the filing of hie will.
RUSSIAN BONDS ARE :
DROPPING IN VALUE
, ' (Jearaal Speelsl Si ilea.)
London. July 1J. European bourse
sre weak on . account ef ' disquieting
news from Russsls, In Parts, Russian
1101 bonds dropped six points at th
start and kept failing.
lord persisted; snd'flnalTy Assistant Attorney-General
Heney rose in rsply snd
ssksd Judge Hunt to set th tees after
all other had been heard.
Judge Hunt took the matter under ad
vtaement and even to todsy had to
plain to the defendant that all the dsye
of the present seeelon In which he rw k
officiate aa Judge were aet e4de f?
cases snd that It wae not the oust"
for one Judge to set trial thst wou ,
hav to be heard by another. II. ho -sver,
placed Lord's trial for Thurs'l ,
August II, subject to the condition t
It we to follow the c alreaily r
Lord beamed with tnllht i
Judge and retired after efferlr
fuslve thanks for an opportuai'.r
celve JusUoe,
R D
'
' -',-;
-'v
I.