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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 22, 1905)
THE OREGON DAILY TOURNAL. PORTLAND, FRIDAY EVENINO, DECEMBER 22. KZZ 2,500 HUES OF OREGON'S AREA SHOWN ON TOPOGRAPHIC HAPS ALL 18 IIARL10IIY SALE of C&MT HOUSE HI IIORTIHTO Limited Amount Available for Continuing Work in State Makes Progress Slow. ,.v PLATS ARE INVALUABLE V i FOR COUNTRY'S PROGRESS Consulted by Railroad, Electrical and Irrigation ' '' Promojera Show Heighta of MounUina and Features of Landscape. . ' y' t Special Dtapates th Joersal.)" " , galem, Or., Dm, SI. Blnoe the crea tion of the United States geological ' survey tr eongrese, March a, 1ST. V 10,172,000 has ben expended In making "a topographlo map of the United States. The first appropriation for all branches - of this department was 1101.000. Ten - years later 101,240 was appropriated, and for the fiscal year 1101-4 the ap ' proprlatlon was tl.STT.S20. The prln i dual branches of this work were top osraphlo, hydrographlo and geological surreys. ' The last allotment for topo- '. graphic surveys aggregated over 1100, ' ooo, which waa aucmented by state funds for co-operative surveys to the amount of 1500.000. The area covered . already is 11 per aent of the area of . tha United States. ... . The contours shown on - the govern ; roent maps express three features the ' elevation, horlsontal. form and elopes. A- contour Indicates the height above rea level, the line representing the sea 1 shore being the sera contour. - The 10 foot contour la a line passing through all points 60 'feet above aea level, and ' other lines indicate successive iO-tagi .-. contours. ; ' " - ; Contours define, the horlsontal form of any slope, since they wind smoothly . about smooth surfaces, recede Into all ravines and project -In passing about prominences. The grade or slope of the ' irround Is alaeuAhown by the contours. The contours appear ?ar apart on gen- tie slopes and close together on steep slopes. No contours will appear If the ground la level, and on a vertical cliff . all contours -will -run together as one line. - icapc Are Zn valuable. - - . The uses ot such a topographlo map - are many.'. For 'the purposes of the national government and state they are ;l Invaluable, as- they furnish data from ' which may be determined the value of projects for highway improvement, for railways, storage altes for water. In connection with city water supplies' or " for Irrigation, and the extent and rela- tlve elevation of irrigable lands. They . serve -the state and - national military , departments in locating encampment ' grounds. In planning practice or actual . operations In the field and during war, '- indicating tha precise situations of ra 4 vines, ditches, buildings, etc The post--.' office department utilises them incon I aldering all problems connected - with the changing of tnail routes, the aaslgn m ant of rural free delivery routes, eta The relative location of cities, towns, streams, railroads, mountains and for J ests are also shown. These maps are used as a base upon which geology and mineral resources are represented. As the earth's surface does not change li perceptibly in elevation, a topographlo ; map. If -accurately made, will serve for' all time, thus rendering unnecessary a . special survey for each new project or ' need, which. If made by a private com '' pany, are not available for public use. ' They are Invaluable tii the rapid de ' velopment of a atate by railroads, tna " Ing, land reclamation,' water power, etc ARE DISGUSTED Practical Dropping of Reclama- . , tion Project a Relief to v-' V Long Suspense. . GOVERNMENT IS BLAMED FOR CHANGE IN RATES ! Statement That. Project" Waa Reek ing With Graft Never Proved No j Figurea Given to Substantiate Wild -' Assertions, . - "'- (Special Dispatch to Tbe Journal.) ' Ontario, Or., Deo. 22. The turning down-of the Malheur project has not ', affected the people of this locality ma terially, as they were expecting tha de ? clslon and, tbe action of the reclama tion engineers had ao . thoroughly dls. : gnsted them that the action of gecre f tary Hitchcock; was rather a relief. About a year and a half ago, when ' ; Chief Engineer Newell Informed tha ; people of thla locality that the govern ; ment was ready to take up tbe. Malheur : project and that the eatlmates showed that water could be put on the land for IIS per acre, the cltisens received the announcement : with favor. - A few months later the reclamation . officers . appeared here in force, accompanied by . m Mr. Fowler, who Informed the people '-that he was president of. the Bait River . Water-Users' association of Arlsona, "and with his assistance the Malheur .''Water-Users' association was organised to negotiate - between the government ' officials and the cltisens In purchasing private dl tones, water lights, etc This a association, together with the business . men of Ontario, raised and expended .over 11.000 In getting matters in shape Rheumatism Docs not let go 4 of yon whea you apply lotions or IInL-r.cn t5. ft simply loosens Its tc!i for a while. Why? toczzzo to cet rii of it you cf da llsod on which It dependi. Hood's Sarsa pariUafcis cere J thousands. MALHEUR FARMERS If the map of Oregon were completed, it would be studied by representatives of capital in tha east, and aU feasible projects not developed by local capital would be quickly taken up. Thousands of dollars would have . been saved to the reclamation fund, as well as much time, if such a map had been In ex latence. In addition to a topographlo map for Irrigation and power projects, however, the dally discharge of each stream considered should be known for a period of throe to five years. The longer the record, the more valuable tha ' information, as the annual die charge Varies greatly, and no general relation exists between -the) amount of rainfall and stream run-off. If the weather turns warm - suddenly, the mountain snow melts rapidly, but if the melting takes place gradually the water may all be absorbed before reach ing the stream. . . ' Each railroad company' proposing construction 4n' Oregon must first pre pare a topographlo map along the in tended route, and often many alterna tive 1 tried before the most suitable route la discovered. The old method of locating a railroad line, by level and transit in the field, la now discarded for a paper location on a 'topographic map. . - Formerly the engineer would build a curve around each projection as met, but on' an. accurate map many miles ahead can Ve seen, when consid ering each step, and often, by making a few deep cuts or short .tunnels, many miles of crooked track or expensive work can be saved: The aame ,1s true In the location! of ; irrigation canals, reservoirs, modern wagon roads, etc, , lrspared oa Two Scales. The geological survey maps are be ing prepared on two scales. Those on two ratios to the inch, with a contour Interval of 100 feet cost from ST to 111 per equare "mile, and a single, party mapping from (00 to 1.000 square miles per season. On the larger scale jt one mile to the Inch more detail is shown, about tr0 square miles being mapped during the season at a coat of front SIS to ISO per square mile,' depending upon the roughnesa of the country. Many states are cooperating with the government for the more rapid con struction of theae surveys. Massachu setts first undertook such cooperation, first appropriating 140.000 and a map of It entire area was completed within three years the total coat being S10T, 145. or 112.90 per square mile. Nine teen of the statea are now cooperating in this work, the .general plan being that the government ..will expend in each state an amount (equal to that ap propriated for that purpose by the re spective legislatures. In 1S0S Califor nia appropriated 10,000 for cooperative topographlo and hydrographlo surveys during 1003-1004, 120,000 of which was for topographlo work. In ItOS tha state of Oregon appropriated 12,800 annually for topographlo surveys, also a like amount for the cooperative hydro graphlo work, and the office of state engineer was created to supervise this expenditure, as well as perform all en gineering work In which the state may be interested. .. Work Don la Oregon. '.' As a result of this cooperation, over iitOO square mllee-of the state's area I nas oeen accurately mapped, this work being performed In the sections, south west of Ontario, south of Surapter and South of Grants Pass. Owing to the limited appropriation for hydrographlo work, dally dlacharge records on only the Important streams - are - possible. The diecharge of the Drinclnal streams of . western Oregon, and especially of the Willamette valley, is now being awwninKi ana tne results are mud in demand by eastern capitalists In con neouon witn tne many new water power and Irrigation schemes under consideration. The longer these records are continued, the more reliable and consequently more valuable tha results oaaea upon tnem. . . , ao tha government could take hold of the proposition. In the meantime the reclamation officials raised the price of waier to iw per acre.' The Malheur project embraced 100,000 aorea or lano, or this s mount 26,000 acres Is owned by tne Military Road company. The government officials Intimated that if the settlers would sign that they could compel the road company to come In. Of the remaining (s.vvw acres is.ouo waa government land. The Malheur Water Users' association suoceeded in signing (0,000 ot the 60, 000 scree of private lands snd it waa generally understood that the remain ing 10,000 acres would be signed or suoscriDoa wnen tne government showed any inclination to do business. At this Juncture the reclamation of ficials, informed the water users' asso ciation that it would cost from 440 to 142 an acre Instead of 130 to water the land and all the work and monev ex pended by the association waa simply wasea, as me new articles or incorpora tion would have to bo drafted, adopted and. printed and the land subscriptions wouta nave to De taken over. When the association showed an In clination to undertake the arduous task the consulting engineers of the reclama tion service held a meeting and deferred action on tha Malheur project, giving as one ox xne principal reasons ' that a number of the settlers had sent a pet I tion to the secretary of the interior ask ing the government to construct the reservoir snd let the settlers build the distributing ditches and laterals. Later a report was sent out from Waahlngton that the '-'Malheur project waa roeklng with graft," but there tlir never been an official statement as to who were the grafters or what manner or where grart existed. '.'..- SERIOUSLY INJURED IN LOGGING CAMP V ' (SpeeUI tMspates to Tbe Jaarsal.) ' . Eugene, Or., Deo. 22. Kmory Rich ardson, a young man living at Meadow, in tne western part or Lane county, was severely Injured In Fallman A Nloolle's logging camp, on the Bluslaw river yea- teraay. xne crew was creaking a Jam of logs and Richardson was working on the line. The lead block broke and the line flew back, striking him on the bead, knocking him senseless. He re mained In that condition several hours. His skull was hot fractured, but it Is feared that tbe blow caused concussion of the brain. - . AGED LAC ENTER MAN COMMITTED TO ASYLUM ' (Apertal Dispatch to Tbe JeareeL) Vancouver, Wash., Deo. H. At the request of X J. Culbertson, Oeorge Hanel of La Center was yesterday ex amined by Doctors J. D. Bcanlon and J. R, Smith before Superior Judge W. W. McCredle and found Insane. No Jury was necessary, and he Is to be confined If ITiJ Tf)an giyium at fort Bteiiaroom, Washington. .Hanel S m years of age and was born In West Virginia. He has eight children, all residents of Clarke county, the youngest of which Is more thaij IS years of age. ... . l . , , Even the Railroad Systems Work for Each Other's Success. " , w ' 7. HARRIMAN TIED UP WITH THE MILWAUKEE Any Old Tracka May Be .Used by .Any Old Road But It All Mean Much to Portland When Perfect Peaca Prevail. ' . Hardly a week passes that does not bring evidence to support the belief that the Milwaukee and the Harrlman sys tems are working In harmony; that the Milwaukee win come into roruana from Wallula over the O. R. A N. com pany's rails the first year of Its opera tion of trains to tha Paclflo coast, and that the Gould system will enter Fort land over the O. W. P. line and go to Tacoma . over the rails of the Tacoma Eastern. If not the Oould system, then it will be the Northwestern. Numerous stories) have Jeen printed connecting the North Coast' railroad, under construction from Seattle to the Columbia river, with the Oould sys tem. But none of these reports is backed up by official announcement and nobody outside of the construction com pany knows where the money is coming from.. Semi-official statements have been made to the effect that the North western, the .Milwaukee and the Oould roads were to be built to Portland and the sound cities. It is granted by all railroad officials that none of .these roads will be extended to one without tapping all three of the principal cities of the Paclflo northwest. ' - - Official announcements have been made and franchises asked from the city council by officials of both the North Coast and the Seattle' Paclflo for entrance Into Seattle. Terminals, too, have been secured, but the North Coast has not asked for entrance into Tacoma or Portland, nor has tha Seattle A Paclflo arranged for entrance to Ta coma and Portland. It is Inferred that theae roads have made arrangements, by purchase or leaae of exlatlng rail lines, for running their trains into these cities pending tha construction ot their permanent lines. Further proof of The Journal's an nouncement that the Harrfman and Mil waukee roads are in coalition for oper ating as well as for trafflo purposes is produced at Tacoma. where a large tract of land haa been purchased for termi nals for a railroad company. The title waa transferred to General James M. Ashton, who is known as local attorney for the Harrlman roads. The con sideration was 1300,000. The property Is splendidly located for terminal uses. It adjoins ground recently bought, by the Milwaukee for terminal purposes. W. W. Cottpn and J. P. O'Brien have positively denied that the land, was pur chased by Oeneral Ashton for the Union Paclflo system. It is said tha purchase was made for Mr. Harrlman or for the Milwaukee arid" that In -either event both roads may use It for terminals at Tacoma. -.,'. A prominent railroad official said: "While a railroad extending to the Pa clflo coast may temporarily make use of tha track of another road for gaining entrance to either Portland, Tacoma or Jealllana railroad company that 1 wall managed will use such a makeshift for any length ef time. A transcontinental railroad must Jtave Its own local traf fic. Through business is not the most' profitable business. No road could be operated, at a profit without its local business, and the beat local bualneas between Paclflo tidewater and the Mis sissippi river is that local business In the territory within 200 miles of Port land. It la easy to see, therefore, that no railroad la going to build across thi country- and when within 100 or 200 miles cf the city of Portland or Tacoma throw up Ita handa to some other rail road company by making an operating arrangement that Involves loss of the local bush-teas In Oregon or Washing ton. While there Is certainly a proba bility that the Milwaukee might make uae of the O, R. A N. tracks from Wal lula to get Into Portland while building to the sound, such an arrangement will not laat long. The Milwaukee, and every other road building Into tbe Pa cific northwest, will construct Its own tracka to Portland or buy tracka al ready laid." . i Ever alnce the announcement: that th Northern Paclflo would build down the north bank of tha Columbia and coma Into Portland over new bridges across the rivers at Vancouver and Portland; i) 0 General Pleasant Porter, who aspires to be United Statea Senator front a new state to be formed of Ok lahoma anjl Indian Territory. . I i--: S '-a v 1 : ;..' a " f ' " ,RRM HIJJNQ .r'.: '''r "','-. '"v' --y ,: e --'-'..--,,., :,- - ,t '. - - " : , CniaSTMAS GIFTS tth WAtchE! JEWELRY & CUT GLASS EASTERN OUTFIT TING COMPANY - the gun mrbers Tear Oiedlt Is Oees. WASHINGTON & TENTH there have been rumors that the Har rlman railroads would be built to the sound In retaliation against the Hill policy of Invasion of Oregon.. ;' There have been reports that the Hill line would not stop- at Portland, but woul'l tap eastern and western J Oregon with "feeder" lines. This is taken to mean that there will be open war between the Harrlman and Hill forces through out the - Paclflo northwest, and that such a struggle would force Mr. Harrl man to build to the sound. . Such a course of procedure waa adopted somT years ago, wnen te southern PaclRo company spent $200,000 inaugurating construction tot a bridge across the Co lumbia at Vancouver, and desisted In its plans only when a peace waa patohml up by President Mellen of the North ern Peelfle. Tha pier then built by the Southern .Paclflo still stands In tho Columbia, and la now the property -f tha Northern Paclflo company, that road having been farced to take over the project and reimburse the Harrlmtn road -for ita cost as one of the condi tions Of the peaca agreement. . ' ii i i n i i 1 1 a Holidays at Whitman. fflpsetal Dispatch M Tne Jneraal.) Whitman College, Walla Walla, Wash., Dec.s.21. flehool cloeed this afternoon for the Christmas holidays, to extend for two weeks. Tha majority of ths students have returned to their homes for Christmas, but a number will stay In lownnd Inewodomttmeg-win-W kept open. All of the members of the Boys' Ulee club will be here for a few days, I starting out the day after Christ mas for ita annual tour through south era Idaho aad eastern Oregon. - , 1U r-nv STBZOni aoosa yS. on HiBiiD D nun WITK . V? 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