THE OREGON" SUNDAY JOUr.IJAL. 'PORTLAI.P, L'JI.DAY J MORNING, I.OVE! ILZr. 1?, 1CC3.
( -as
'lilie East 2md-:
V-y'-'r, V-. ft ; ft "-V' - :"
r By Lady Henry Somerset.
, ''-rwlsW . ay W. B. Hseist.l i
J I 'flLS strongest link binding Mt to
a . K i. - Drll lalk
'I -. : mbdmUoii with India ' baa
... probably been the Influence. of
. a, woman. Queen victoria. .
It b matter of regret that during
Via years of har Ion reign tbe queen
' Had not an opportunity of meeting nor
. " Indian subjects. True, aha waa repre
sented In India by bar eoa and tba hair
; to tba throne, tha Prince of Wales, la
tha aama way aa our present kins la
' about to be represented bythe Prlnca
and Prince is of Wales, but hara mlUlona
In India who hoped against hopa that
. after tha gracious proclamation of Hit,
tba "Indian Charter of Liberty." aa it la
no affectionately called, Queen Victoria
' would one day pay her loyal subjects a
visit It could not be; but. In aptta of
the fact that aha waa not personally
known In India, aha waa venerated aa a
woman, wife, mother and ruler, and her
influence la yet a living force. '
It la a remarkable fact that the name
. of another woman,- who never lived in
India, and whose knowledge of the
country waa gained only during - two
brief visits, ahould also be known
throughout the length and breadth of
the land, and ahould be a , powerful
factor for goodness and for progress.
'" Tha asms of Elizabeth Adelaide
Meaning la a household word In India,
and .when a few weeks ago. aha paaaed
' into tba beyond at the age of 7. tbou-
' aanda of Indian atudenta who have
known her, and a greater number who
- had' never aeen her, mourned tha loaa
of a noble woman, whoae name ' and
work aignlfled practical help and ready
sympathy In all that made for advance
ment 'in-India. . . .
ft waa aa honorary secretary of the
, National - Indian aeeoclatlon that Miss
Manning became so well known. Tha
ft octal ton exists to "encourage mutual
friendliness of feeling and mutual help
fulneaa among all who are atrlvlng for
tha welfare of India." It la a vat or
ganisation, having Ita headquarters in
London,' and branchee.in all tha Impor
tant citlea of India. - -..'-.-, . --..
Mine Manning was not the originator
of - the association, but - In ' the early
year of lta work, on the death of Mint
Mary Carpenter, the founder, aha be
came honorary secretary and ably filled
that poet for nearly SO years. Her one
aim to be of service to others and
keep out of sight herself. T , - -
Ho one who saw the quiet, unaaeurrT
- ing lady buay with her dally responsi
bilities.- but ready to retreat - to the
background If any personal v "publicity
was threatened, could believe that ahe
possessed' such great power and i in
fluence.-and wa indeed . a "veritable
asset to the British empire; and when,
. a few years ago. her valuable work was
publicly recognised by the king, and the
medal of the Order of the Kalser-I-Hind
was conferred upon her, , no one wss
more surprised that tha recipient of tba
honor. .. '. . .
The National Indian association la ad
ministered by a council of Kngllsb and
Indian men and -women, and numbers
among Its vice-patrons several members
of the royal family, ax-vtcoroya, ex
governors and some Indian princes."
When Legazpi ToolC the
H t at
' i L THOUGH Legaspl's t expedl
f tlon Is considered to be the
;i,JL. actual beginning of tha Span-
. - lah occupation bt tha Philip
pine islands. It was, like reat many
other similar enterprises, a very feeble
beginning, and tha leader waa Badly dis
couraged by. the ' Indifference which
King Philip It and tha offlclala In
8 pain., as well aa ths royal audlencla at
Mexico., ail dfplaye for the fat of hla
mission! A deaf ear to hla appeala for
reinforcements of soldiers waa turned
' for a long time, and never waa ha given
troops, aailora, mechanics and laborers
sufficient for his awn. Ideaa of his
needs; but then when was there ever a
commander who did have enough? Hla
requisitions for necessary (and one
cannot but think a good many unneces
sary) supplies were utterly ' Ignored
for ' o long that ha ' began to think
everybody In Mexico and in Spain had
forgotten 'him: -and hie handful of fol
lowers had dwindled away almost to the
aiaailsklag.pfilnl Ha em-J.aJZ3Ljz
etrictea au nia eriorts, unui tne very
last year or two. to the Island of Cebu.
and to have passed a goodly portion of
tils time In wordy altercation with the
' Portuguese words sometimes - coming
to -blows. 1 During hla term Of office
he appears to have been well aware of
the fact that a very conalderable trade
was being carried on between the East
Indies and Japan, for hla time corre
sponds with the end of the Aahlkaga
dynasty, where there were no restrictions-
upoa foreign commerce. The
Moros . (that la "Moors," so-called be-
r use of their Moorish or Mohammedan
faith) who came Into intercourse with
the Japanese, did ao by way of the
western, part of the archipelago, for the
. lattef restricted their dealings to the
Inhabitants of Luson, where they also
met the Moron from -tha Islands atlll
farther- eouth, -and did , a( thriving
' trade. " :: ? .'
. ' Legaapl knew of tha northern islands,
. ryet for a long time he waa unable to
. do anything to establish himself on
' them and waa compelled to , bo satis
fied with having Included them in his
. ; formal act of taking possession of the
entire archipelago in the name of his
koverelgn, the king of Spain. It Is,
- somewhat amusing. In the light of later
- history, to read how the Spaniards and
.J',.' tha Portuguese both seemed to -look
' upon the taking possession of this part
ft tba world, Japan included, as some
, thing-which was entirely a matter at
r, their pleasure. -
; 1 One la almost Inclined to wish-that
one or the other of those freebootlng
' : peoples, the Spanlarda or tbe Porta
eraeee. had actually made the .attempt
ta take possession of Japan Just to
know what sort of a rude awakening
there would have been for them ' For
that both were , freebooters can hardly
te denied; tba Portuguese were aucK
oecausa tney claimed the right to ap
propriate all lands In these parts of the
world; and the Spaniards even more ao,
because i hey .were-respasalng upon the
' ao-called possessions of tha Portuguese
1 a-defned by the- notorious, papal bulla;
and - If -they did - not know positively
that they were In the eastern hem Is-
j 'he re. ss defined by tha Imaginary Una
urawn in leagues west or the Cane de
Verde Islands, there Is abundant evi
dence to show that they suspected It
The reception given to Legaspi by the
, retires wherever he went in tbe Philip
aiee . was , anything but friendly, and
especially. waa this the case on the island
f Cebu, The reason for this Waa al
leged to be the ruffianly acts of . the
Portuguese who had come from the
Moluccas and committed a" very wanton
set. After pretending to make peace
with1 the netlvee and giving them to
understand that they. had come to teach
them the Christian religion and to trade
amicably with them they called together
aa large a, number of the people as theyj
Queen Alexandra is the patron. But
tba position of honorary secretary Is a
saos t Important and Miss Manning
became the practical pivoc 01 tne worn.
Indian students ih London are tha first
care of the aeeoclatlon; they often ar
rive without any Hear Idea of where to
go, or hew to set about the work for
which they hare come.
Mlaa Mannlng'a name was frequently
the only ana known to them, and her
services Included tha finding of suitable
accommodation for tne oriental atran
gera In private famllleav If possible, or
la boarding-houses. She advlaed them,
too. aa ta classes, teiehers. legal and
medical coarse of study and any othet
aeedfal matters, Her own home-waa
onea ta them every Friday and Sunday
afteraaon. and gathered around her hos
pitable tea table one met Indian lames
and gentlemen of the moat diverse but
interesting personality, esgerly pursu
ing In London, at the universities or
elsewhere, soma, study which was tobe
turned to account later on lor tne Ben
efit of their own people. .-'.,
These ; friendly - meetings expanded
Into larger gatherings, which from time
to time were held In the Indian nans
of the : Imperial Institute. There the
eaat met tha west and learned some
thing of Its practical . methods; there
the west met -the eaat and learned to
understand aomethlng of Its wisdom.
Lectures. too. were periodically ar
ranged and visits to places of Interest
In, the metropolis or in the provinces.
In everything Miss Mannlng'a unUrlng
energy, personal charm. . sound Judg
ment and remarkable memory aerved to
achieve an astonishing success In bridg
ing over by her marvelous sympathy
and power of magnetism that gulf
whlcYi yawns between the rulers and the
ruled In. India. . v., V.
Her work will go jon although aha
has passed out of sight, but her kindly
presence will be sorely missed. Bha al
ways seemed able to smooth over any
difficulty that arose, and the absence of
that condescension of manner, which
tha majority of English people, treat
the men and women of another race,
gave her special Influence. - - -
A true, woman herself. Miss Manning
was a tower of strength in all ques
tions 'concerning the - advancement of
woman, whether, eastern or western.
. She was one ' of '- the pioneers of
women's colleges . in England, and in
middle life entered as a student at tha
college which now finds Its local habi
tation at Oirton. Vntil her death she
wasa member of Its governing body.
But - although - deeply Interested In
women's advancement, it was to Indian
women that her heart went out with
the deepest sympathy.-' Education and
medical help were the two objects for
which she strenuously worked. - If an
Indian lady came to England to com
plate her study of medicine, she found
Miss Manning a real mother. Through
her efforts many schools, training col
leges and educational establishments
are now In being In India, and har
Intereat In such questions may be
Judged from her own words: ..
'1 strongly recommend any one In
tending to travel In India not to give
exclusive attention to tha magnificent
building, or the magnificent tigers, but
to also visit tha schools, and enter Into
communication with those who are
working at useful movements;" , ' . . ':
eculd Induce to aeaemble In one place and
while tbe latter were trading 'peaceably
with the strangers the Portuguese gave
a war signal, fell upon the practically
defenseless natives, killed some 500 of
them and captured 600 more, wnom they
took to the Moluccas and sold aa slavea.
Now, because the Portugese had rep
resented themselves to be Caatltlans. for
they seem to have known that the Span
lards were Intending to come from Mexico
to try to take possession of the Philip
pines, and possibly, something more, this
art caused Legaspi and his compsnlons
much trouble, since the . natives, as
soon as they learned that the newest
visitors were Castllisn, evidenced open
hostility; they refused to trade on any
terma and even to sell provisions, al
though they confessedly coveted the sil
ver coins of ths Spaniards; and, having
placed their wives, children and decrepit
old people Ih safe places smong the
distant Inaccessible mountains. , they
openly challenged the Intruders to fight.
Legaspi, hla commanders and the prelates
who were with hire, tried for some time
lu u mi turns a hla- fhliJ)uaUUtlCibul
finding themeelves entirely unsuccess
ful they at last accepted tba challenge,
withdrew from the shore aa would-be
traders and landed a fighting parry tinder
cover of tha guns of the little fleet.
Nothing tangible csme of the success
of this attack, for the natives simply
tan away.., abandoning their houses
some of which were destroyed, more In
wantonness than for any cogent reaaon
and the. victors found nothing at all
In the way of trophies, except an image
of the child Jesus and two culrerina, one
of Iron and one of bronse, both worth.
leas. but. naturally, assumed to have
been left by Magellan when be visited
the Island In 1(21. Great auperstltlous
Importance was attached to the Image,
however, and- lta discovery was looked
upon a a marveloualy happy augury. It
waa like similar Images from Flanders,
In Its little pine cradle and Its loose
shirt; Just such aa came at that time
from those parts of Europe it had on
its head a little velvet hat, like those
then worn by Flemish children, and all
waa ao well preserved that only the
small cross, wnii-n w nirmii7 iiiavu
I to the globe that such figures held In
tbelr hand was missing.. .
Legaspi and ' titer pVlests . knew, of
course, thst msnydjrthoee Indians had
professed to embrace ' Christianity., and
had boen baptised; but it was demon
trated only too clearly that they had
apostatised.- .JLegaxpl therefore felt Jus
tified In treating them as worse even
than original heathen; but he paid great
reverence to the Image that he professed
to believe had been ao miraculously pre
served to be found Just, at this auspi
cious moment His. first act alngu
larly charactertstia one, waa to build -a
fort, that the Christian might be so
milltsntly re taught that the rlak of
further apostasy shoeloVbe minimised,
if not entirely eliminated, and ground
waa broken for1 thla purpose on May I,
ISIS, "to the most blessed name of
Jwius,!. labonoi: JLjjje l.lnnit,i.v. A
church, waa subsequently built as a spe
cial repository of the image; and It is
raid to be still preserved fn the Aagus
tlnlsn convent at Cebu.
Having commenced hla colonlsaUtfn'
scheme with the building of a fort and
the establishing of a small town around
It. Legaspi now dispatched one of hla
vessels ioNew Spain (Mexico) with
lengthy reports to .the king and to the
royal audlencla at Mexico City, in which i
be aet forth, the enormous evangellatic
possibility not only In the Philippines,'
but also in China and Japan provided
prompt measures were taken tooreatall
the Portuguese, and 'Incidentally men
tioned tha great galna to be hed In gold,
wax, cinnamon, and other apioes If steps
were taken-, to exploit the trade. His
indents tor supplies indicate by their
Politics and religion are excluded
from the actlvttlea of the National In
dian association, for noninterference -Is
considered absolutely essential In view
of tbe different creeds and opinions of
both Indians and English. To this rule
Mlaa Manning rigidly adhered, with the
result that at hev home, or In the larger
meetings of tha association, ahe could
alwaye find a common ground of sym
pathy and Interest for guests . of the
association who might be poles apart
In religious or political beliefs. , The
Indian branches of the association carry
oa similar work In their respective lo
calities with admirable results, i The
word India was written on her heart.
and therefore the;, splendid powers she
possessed were turned to reaj advan
tage, for head without heart produces
little result In dealing with men and
woman. Verily the actions of such, a
woman ''smell sweet and blossom In the
dust". t .
Another 1 remarkable woman, ' whoae
knowledge of the oriental Is of national
value. Is Miss Hughes, secretary of the
Royal Aalatlc society. Miss Manning'
connection with India was of the ..pres
ent; that of Miss Hughes, to a certain
extent,, la of the' past.- .She has Just
taken up her duties In the responsible
position of secretary to the Royal Ast
atio society of . Great Britain and Ireland.-succeeding
the eminent orientalist,
Professor Rhys Davlda. Ph. D.. LL. D.
The honor thus conferred upon Mis
Hughes Is ' a remarkable, tribute to a
woman, for It la the first time that a
learned society of Great Britain has ap
pointed a woman as secretary. :
The Royal Astatic society concern!
Itself with all aspects of oriental, learn
ing; In fact lth history from lta
earliest records. - The list of secretaries
to the society Includes the names of em
inent men who have distinguished them'
selves as . orientalists . tbe world over.
Including the retiring secretary. Profes
sor Rhys Davlda, who Is one of the fore
most Pali scholars of this or any past
day.. ' ' .;.-.. -,
' When tha professor waa compelled to
resign his secretarial - position, owing
to pressure of work In Msnchester uni
versity and the Pall Text- society, the
eouaci) of tha society, which Includes
tha leading ' oriental schotara of Eng
land, unanimously elected Miss Hughes,
who. for 14 . years had filled the post
of assistant Ibrarian, to the Important
poaltlon of secretary. Her qualifica
tions were all that was needed. For
years she had made languagea a spe
cial study, and may. be counted among
the distinguished . linguists of today.
French, German and Italian, Latin and
ureeav bad . been , attacked and con
quered by . Mies Hughes before she
turned her attention to. Sahskrit and
that classic tongue of the ancient eaxt
waa followed by Telegu and Pall. The
Englishwomen who are recognlxedr orl
entallsts may be counted upon tha fin
gera of one hand, and It la an honor to
them . that one of their number fills.
for- the first HmeIh Its ' hlstory.-th
secretarial chair of. tha Royal Aelatlo
eoclety. j i r .
The present ; duties of Miss Hughes,
aa secretary of '.he society, consist in
holding la her hand the reins which
guide Its many and varied branches of
work. During the yeer. except In the
'summer months, monthly lectures .are
ines
character, by their quantltlea and by the
wonderful variety of the articles asked
for, that a vigorous campaign, both In
colonisation and In evangelisation waa to
be prosecuted In the name of -Ma most,
cntnoiio majesty. , , ..
World's Costliest
Playfli
round
at
From ths New Tork Sun. -
T
HOMAS JEFFERSON PARK, the
, playground for Little Italy - in
jianem, wnicn was . opened the
other day. Is ths most expensive
playground in the world, it cost 11.741..
112 for the land and I2M.211 to fit It up,
a total. of $2,014,224. The area, off the
park la 15 H acree, or 475,180 square
feet ao that tha coat waa about $4.44
a aquare foot
The high coat was due to the fact
that tbe region where the park Is attu
from One Hundred and Eleventh to One
Hundred and Fourteenth street and from
First avenue to the river, waa crowds!
with tenements which had to be pulled
down. : ' ' "
It is the first playground in the worl i
that haa a running track for girls. When
snow comes children will be engaged in
what Is to be called snow work, that Is,
building snow men, snow forts and
making toboggan slides In miniature and
the like under the Instruction of an
attendant paid by the city. ;
This playground contains many' Im
provements over any that the city has
provided hitherto. It la practically di
vided Into two parts, one for boys sni
the other, for girls, and the girls have
Just as much territory -and Just as much
apparatus for their enjoyment aa the
boys. ,Y ' i '. " V...T '
' There are two gybnnaslums, two play
grounds, two running tracks, each seven
laps to ths mile, and a complete shower
bath system for each division. In add!-,
tlon tbers Is a pavilion where thi
little tota are -taken. In charge and
where they have kindergarten exercises
under a woman Instructor.
The pavilion- coat $91,000.. It Is In
this pavilion that tbe mothers of Little
Italy may take comfort by bringing
their babies and getting tha benefit of
the open air aa they sit fn tbe rocking
chairs. " -. '.-. ,- i -
In charge of the apparatus and the
sports In the park are a head playground
attendant and assistant It Is the head
man's buslnees to see that ail hands
get a fair show at the fun and that the
big and strong boys and girls do not
monopolise It to the exclusion of the
weaker youngsters. , . .
when the parkrwasnpened the Ital
ians were astonished to see that most of
the first prises for races were taken by
boys and girls who had been playing
In the older established playgrounds nd
had coma to the new one to participate
in the opening exercises.' Jhm winners
were-almost -entirely chTfOren of "the
Jews on the lower east side,. They had
had experience with playgrounds, and
the benefit they' had derived from them
ehowed Itself in the athletic exercises.
Since then , the Italian children ' have
been getting tH't playground spirit them
selves, and the attendants at Jefferson
park already, say thst -if the opening
exercises were reoeated tha Jewish chli.
dren would not find it so aaay to carr
orr.tne prises. ,
There are now--In o Deration In New
Tork City nine playgrounds. In a few
months another,-on the weat side, will
be opened. Most of those In existence
are oa tha eaat aide. - i -
Fuel famine ' Imminent ' In several
eastern Oregon towns. If there should be
a hard wiaiar. ' .. ,
Philipp
He"
mm
given on subjects of special Interest by
eminent-orientalists; a Journal ta, pub
lished quarterly which is' a mass of
erudition, and deals with the latest dls
coverles and publications. The society
boasts one of the finest of oriental
libraries, and la the haunt of students.
Thsra are also translation and publi
cation funds to be carried on. and it will
be understood that the "Investigation
and - encouragement of arts, sciences
and literature In relation to Asia." for
which; the society exists, entails varied
and. responsible work for the secretary.
Actors in Westminster Abbey
f I J HE number of names which have
I been rendered Immortal in the
' 1 history of England Jfy reason
of their trlumpha upon the
stage is by no means a short one. Quite
a large proportion., moreover, of these
have found a last resting place some
where or othar within the precincts of
Westminster Abbey. - . .
r This will come aa a surprise to many
who are perhaps only familiar In thla
connection with tha well-known . and
not -wholly effective atatua of Garrlck
which stands in tha south transept, and
possibly' that also of tha -famous Mrs.
Slddons. which occupies a rather lees
prominent position In the chapel of St
Andrew. As a matter of fact, the
greater proportion of the actors and
actresses whose names are thus asso-
elated with Weatmlnater Abbey lie
within the beautiful Cloisters. -
As soon aa you have entered through
the west Cloister gate, you naturally
make your way along what la termed
the "west walk" of the Great Cloisters
and toward the door leading Into the
nave of the church. In doing thla you
pass over the nameless grave of the
great comedian "The Dog," who, ac
cording to Dr. Johnson, "waa ao very
comical no, sir, he was irrtsistioie.
Foote's greatest gift lay In mimicry.
and It was bis. delight to please the
public by means of an Invitation to
chocolate or tea at tha Haymarket
when, under I the pretense of training
pupila for the stage, he and hla troupe
would Imitate the peculiarities of va
rioua public characters. . Not unnatur
ally, such proceedings did not tend to
procure . friends ' for poor Samuel, and
he is said to have died of a broken
heart "He waa buried In this place by
torchlight on October at. 1717. -
Instead 'of making onr way straight
Into ths abbey, we turn along the '"north
walk" of tha Great Cloisters, and here
we are passing over historic dust Indeed.
Spranger Barry.. Garrick'e great rival,
has found a . last resting place here,
while beside him. In the aama grave,
there Ilea his second wife and former
pupil, Anne Crawford, who In her own
way attained to the highest reputation
aa a tragedienne. The trial of skill be
tween the two rival " actors aeemt iff
have mortified Garrlck . not a tittle; In
fact after Barry's success ' as Romeo
he proceeded forthwith to erase that
part from hla repertoire. ' Tha rivalry
between the two was quaintly expressed
by. a art of doggerel verses. which .rang
through London at one time: - -
The town has found out different ways
To ' pralaa lta different Lears; . ,. r
To Barry If glvea loud huzzas, "
To Garrlck only tears. 1 ' - - ' 7
A klnt, aye, every Inch a -king, '-
. Such Barry r doth .-appear . , : . w
But Garrlck' a quite another thing -He's
every inch King . Lear. k .
It must be mentioned, however, ' that
when ' fortune ceased ' to shine ' upon
Barry, Garrlck - behaved --Inv - the most
generous fashion, allowing to him and
hla wife a salary of . $7,500. togethet
with certain other privileges.
But we must pass on' to another yel
more famous personality, whose grave is
sltusted close to that - Of Barry and
Anne Crawford, her funeral taking plaot
privately in January, 174. i
"ClbberT Then tragedy haa died with
her. - Barry and I remain, but tragedy
la dead on one side." - Such was Gar
rlck' a exclamation of grief when ha first
beard the news of Mrs. Ctbber's death.
It Is . not generally known thst this
highly gifted tragedienne was a aistsr
of Dr. Arne, so famous in his own day
an a composer of music, and, moreover,
that she herself was blessed with mu
T"
ft . .
By
Admiral C C Penrose Fitzgerald
T the present moment when, ac
cording to the revelations
made by the former French
minister of foreign affairs, we
were a few weeks ago on ths verge of a
war against ' Germany,' the . questions
force themselves opon us; Are we pre
pared for war as a nation, aa an em
pire? Do we make the most of our po
tential strensrtht And is the manhood
of the country prepared and ready to
come forward aa did the Japanese, dis
carding all private and selfish Interests,
to fight for . the existence and Inde
pendent of the nation?- ,. .".
The vital question for the nation Is:
Have we an army? That Is to ssy, an
army which can In any sense be meas
ured by the standard of the armies of
Other great powers. ,
In reply to these questions Lord Rob
erts recently said: "I am Satisfied that
unless seme system of obligatory phys
ical training and instruction -In rifle
shooting be enforced In. all schools snd
colleges and among tha youtha of the
country generally, up ta the age of 18
years, we shall be compelled to resort
to conscription in some form or other.
For In no other way wduld It be possible
for tne" very Is rge reserve of men re
quired In the event of a serious war to
be provided so far trained as td war
rant their taking their places in the
ranks against a civilised enemy."' '. y
Lord Roberts words can only be In-
teroreted to mean that we are abeo-
lutely unprepared, and parliament will
do nothing until 1t receives what It Is
pleased to call a mandate from the
people. -. The first step must be taken by
' the people themselves when-, they have
realised the danger run by a greet and
rich unarmed nation surrounded , by
Jealous And well-armed rivala, , . .
I do not propose conscription, and car j
talnly not conaoriptton aa the word is
understood on the continent of Europe,
but I do propose that our national edu
cation lawa should be so framed that
every able-bodied ' youth -should - be
taught that which will enable htm . to
defend his country, aa being at least of
as much consequence to the nation as
teaching htm reading, writing and arith
metic. . . - . - .. v . .
Perhaps' we are a' commercial nation,
but . whet says history about ths fate
of all. tha -"great commercial nations
which bad gradually lost thoir warlike
qualities and were content to 1st others
fight for them. Instead of being ready
and prepared ta fight with tba best
manhood of tha mil cm and tha weaDona 1
e tba oat) , ,. i
.a t -1 ''.''
That a woman haa been judged worthy
to fill this post should be a matter for
congratulation and rejoicing among
women In all parte of the world. -
At a time when all eyes are turntd
toward tbe eaat and when from that
region the coming history of the world
may, gierhaps, be looked. It Is well to
note what the weaterft women have- dona
to enlighten the world and to ralae the
atatua of women. The reaulta of auch
work may be tha turning point in the
place women will Hold in future clvtiisa
tlon... . . :. . '.'
sical gifts of no mean order. She made
her debut at the Opera, and ahe was o
great a favorite of the mighty Handel
himself that ha actually wrote the con-
t 1 .. ..inr in !, "Messiah" and alsa
tha part of Micah in "Bam sen" on pur-i
pose for her. . uueannaa Maria rni
married the ugly and uhaatlefactory
eon of the celebrated dramatic mana
ger and actor, old Colley Clbber. Of
Mr a. Ctbber's portrayal of the part of
Ophelia It waa aald that "no eloquence
eonld paint her. distracted look, her tine
acting In the mad aoene." Another part
which waa played, by ner in an even
more fascinating manner waa that t
Constance In .'King John." The scream
of agony with which ahe used -toiUtter
tha worda "O Lore1, my ' boy!" after
hearing of Arthura capture, used t
ring In the eara of thoaa who heard It
for many a day. v -
la the east walk of the Cloisters there
are three most interesting graves, those
of Thomas Betterton and hla wife, bet
ter known as Bess Saunderson. and, the
ever-fascinating Mrs. Braceglrdle. - Of
all tha people who lie within' theae hal
lowed walla. It may aafely be aald that
Betterton has tbe best claim of all
to thla privilege. - No email measure of
praise must be. accorded to thla gifted
actor for tha fact that he ajmoat more
than any one else waa responsible for
the resuscitation oi the English drama
after tha atar'n regime of tbe Puritans.
Mrs. Braceglrdle was either adopted, by
Betterton or placed under hla fare, and
ahe very soon took all hearts In London
by - storm. . She achieved her greatest
successes In aotlng In Congreve's plays.
Her artistic career, however, waa a com
paratively short one, for Mrs. Braceglr
dle retired from the stage In dudgeon
when Anne OldOieldflrst became her
dangaroua rival. She lived on In honor
able retirement and . beloved by all,
high and low, far and near, until the
year 1748. - when she waa burled here
beside her old friends, tha Bettertona. -Only
one actreea has ever been ac
corded tha privilege of a-burial within
the abbey itself. This, curiously enough,
was this same Anne Old field -In spite,
moreover, of the fact that she possessed
a reputatloa by no means of thahjgheet
She began life as a humble seamstress,
but she very soon rose to become the
acknowledged queen of . comedy, while
her populsrlty knew no bounds. - On her
death In" 1720 ahe not only received thla
unusual privilege, but she was eJeo per-
chamber. Her remains are In the eouth
aisle of the nave, hard by the famous
Bishop Atterbury and hla successor at
the deanery, the lata dearly loved Dean
Bradley. ' The . mornumenta . to Garrlck
and Barton Booth are in the south transept-
. Of the latter it can only be stated
that t he-; achieved . a brilliant . though
fleeting success by hla acting , of the
ghoat In "Hamlet" and also ' In the
prtOf Cato. He was a Westminster
boy, one- of Dr Busby's pupils., and tha
two Xiuaint old streets Cowley street
and Barton street Jnst to the south of
the abbey, derive, their titlea from his
aarname and the place or hla burial.
One word In - conclusion about 4 the
mighty Garrlck. ' The measure of fame
which this really great, man attained
may be Judged by the fact that his fu
neral was treated as a public occasion.
All his dramatic predecessors hsd been
burled at .Weatmlnater by torchlight
On this occasion the crowds had to be
kept back-by a guard of soldiers. , Cer
tain peers acted aa pallbearers, while
his old ' rr - mer, Samuel . Johnson, to
gether wlt.i three of the most fsmous
names 'in, English history of that pe
riod vtzi,'. Otbnon, Burke and ' Joshua
ReynoldsStood round the open grave.
They all went down! And are ws so
vain aa to Imagine we can reverse all
history In our own special case and con
tlnue to enjoy our riches and our vast
possessions without being ' ready to
fight for them. .,.' r ,. -
If the women, of England could only
be made to see and realise the absolute
necessity which has now e risen for "uni
versal national training, they would
very soon teach the men their buelnesa
and they can do It without being en
dowed) with tne franchise.
They have a .franchise of their own
which thpy can use very effectively. All
that 1s wanted la the will the will to
see that thetr sons prepare themselves
to play a man' a part without skulking
or shirking, or any excuse except men
tal or physical inability, rich and poor
alike. In fact, the rich even mora than
the poor, for there might be some rea
son for letting off the-only son of a
widow, her sola Support but there must
do no buying off. , . , -
The son of the millionaire must be
Uught to defend his country In .his
proper person Just aa much ae the son
or tne day laborer. ,
As a matter of fact, I do hot believe
that there would be any very .extensive
attempts at shirking If compulsory
military training were added as a sequel
to our present education laws. The
very disgrace, the social obloquy (if the
.women cnoose to make it so) of trying
to shirk a man'a duty would surely pre
vent It In cases out of 100.
Our young men cannot be so Very dlf-
lerenciy constituted ' from the young;
u,,i vi vimr nations, wno ining It rVO
disgrace, but rather an honor, to play
sb saiassa m asca 1 , " . . ...
. 4art Smtraotj ;:'-
From Puck. ' .
"The court dentist carefully adjusted
tne position or his majesty's hesd s
aa to facilitate the proceea ef extract
ing an offending molar, andT with an ss
ulant light In his eye grasped tha for
ceps. . ; (.-'.-. i 1
"Courage, sire,'1 he observed reassur
ingly; . "another moment and 'twill all
be over but the shouting." J
- Ill-timed was the -teat the culprit's
previous record" had been good and he
was allowed o name hla preferred mod
of execution.
-v ' Mew Immediate Aot,
,' ' From the Kansas City Star.
Justin McCarthy , waa showing a
young American , married womas
through tha library of the house of
oommong and commented on the fact
that - ft was S4Jnat the rules for a
wonaan to alt down ra tha place. IThe
Immediately draw a chair n to a table
ao4 aai Aama. .. .
Tils Psrll c2 tl'3 Prosperous
-.' t
Cy the Rev. Saavel A. I2zt
President of . the American Unitarian
..- Aeeoclatlon,,.- , ,
- ' -. . ' ,
-"And he spake'wnto certain which
trusted ' in themselves- and. they were
righteous and despised others." Luke
xvll:. ' . :, '
I Hi
un
wh
HAVE no disposition to throw sny
unnecessary atones at ths Pharisee,
hose character has been pilloried In
the familiar parable. I am ready to
aaaume that he was all that he said he
waa. Have not our mlnda been somewhat
unduly prejudiced agalnat the PharlaeeaT
We think of them only as the bigoted
and self-complacent hypocrites that Jesus
denounced. They were, to be sure. In
tense religious formalists. They were
primarily Interested In defining and
practicing' minute particulars of ritual
observance. They were ruthlessly In
tolerant and doubtless, as all bigots are,
given to a supercilious contempt for those
who did not do and believe as they did. '
It Is unjust to suppose that the Phar
isees were exclusively a rich and luxuri
ous class The party contained a large
proportion fit substantial men, but there
le nothing to show that they were Idle
or vicious. Oa the contrary, the con
temporary historians tell us that they
lived frugally and that their influence
on tbe Jewish masses was owing to the
piety and the austerity at their Uvea.
laklng theee things Into consideration
I am. I say, willing to, assume that the
rnarlaes In the Darable was no hvoo-
ertte, but was all that he said he, waa.
Weigh 'the descriptive phrases and they
mean a good deal. Here was an upright
man of business, telling no lies m hi
trade, paying; hla debts, neither unjust
nor extortionate. He was a man faithful
In domestic life and a regular, punctual
and devout churchgoer. In literal obedi
ence to the ruble he faated twice every
week and-he . religiously set apart one
tenth of his income, thst he might spend
It In works of charity. An honest mer
chant, a good husband, a charitable
dtlien.' a leader in the church, doee-not
that describe good men nowadays, who
very' little suspect" that they atand tn
the same pillory aa the Pharisee T Tet
hear tha word of Jeans:
'Except your righteousness exceed the
righteousness of the Pharisees, ye a hall
In no case enter the kingdom of heaven."
Evidently a man is' not a success because
of his respectability , -.
I do not wish to Imply that Pharisaism
Is the exclusive peril of any one sect, or
party, or -social class. .'There are quite
as many, poor Pharisees aa rich Phari-
There are Pharisees among the up
holders of - conventional . systems , and
Pharisees among the reformers who be
lieve that they have tha exclusive pos
session of advanced truth and modern
methods. Pharisees are not observe,
necessarily hypocrites. - The marks by
which they can be identified are that
they "trust In themselves taat they are
righteous and despise others." '1
If, then, we should learn how to avoid
the failure of the Pharisee we must pon
der theee things. Self-righteousness la a
pleasant eelf-deeeptloa. It Is ao easy to
make righteousness to consist of the
things that are tolerbly agreeable to us.
snd then to Imagine that because we dis
charge the agreeable duties with alacrity
we are quite praiseworthy. - Wa make our
religion to fit our taatea rather , than
educate our taates up to our religion.
Let us beware of tha habit of taking
ourselves at our 'own valuation. Self
satlsfactlon la tbe sign of spiritual stag
nation. Self-content Is the paralysis of
progress. ,j'- - '"- -
I am not an advocate of much self-
inspection, bat sometimes, if we are to
discover-our-true position, we need to
use tha spiritual quadrant and consider
American Children Prccociovs
.. . ' - ; .ft". ft . ;
By Mrs. John A. LoflanH
tCopyrUtit, ISOS.' by W, B. Baarst) '
F;
1s not claiming too much to say.
to take them en masse, . American
children are tbe most precocious
In the world. From the age -of
five they are admitted to the schools.
There are few exceptions where they
era- not seat regularly by some parents
because of thetr conaolentloue desire te
have their children taught and to give
them every opportunity for an education
aa the very beat legacy they can bestow
upon their offspring. By others they
are sent to get them out of their way
nd to keep mem wanu III slum and
out of tha sun In summer. One con
stantly bears parents complain that the
summer vacations are too long; that
they do not know what to do with their
children. . Working people have nothing
for their children to Jo, and the old
adage," "There la always something for
Idle hands to do," Is generally exempli
fied" In -the case of the Idle children,
whose exuberant spirits make them
restless and impatient if they have too
much unemployed time. ,.
In all towns and cities there are so
many children that It is impossible to
keep them fromoongre gating together.
Among the .many there la always an
svll genius, who conceives mischief and
who le generally leader able to get
himself and tils companions in-a lot of
trouble. It "is therefore most unfor
tunate that there Is not some way by
which little children could have some
out-of-door employment for the vaca
tion seaaorr. ' The movement which has
been set on foot allowing them to culti
vate vacant lots In ths cities neer their
homes is a - splendid thing, but It Is
Impossible to secure half enough spacs
to satisfy the demand. If there was
soms way by which more ground near
enough eouM be secured for them, this
is -the most healthful and best possible
solution of the problem of what to do
with the children, even those who are in
their teens. ' The ' innate aotivity : of
American-born children must have an
outlet or . they- cannot be kept within
bounds. I do not believe naturally they
are more prone to evil than the children
of Other nationalities. That they are
more Indulged there is no denying, but
this IS. the fault of tha parents, and
herein lies the difference between the
children of this country and ef all other
ceuntrles. They are not with a few
exceptions, disciplined at any time by
their own parents or guardians, conse
quently when they go to school or are
apprenticed they find It galling to their
unbridled spirits to oonform-Jto any set
rules, r -restrictions. " Ths majority of
them having followed the dictates of
their own sweet wills all their lives.
It Is a bitter lesson for them - to learn
to obey Implicitly without being allowed
to ask the reason why, aa thsy were
wont to do under the parental roof when
told to do this or that The very fact
that they have blrght minds and actlvs.
temperaments makes It all the mors Im
portant that parents should, from tha
Infancy of their children, carefully guide
them and train them strictly to reaoect
and obey, and aa far aa poaalble te
keep them employed at something that
will develop their better natures and
special talents In . whatever Una that
may be. j
Who has not seen Intelligent, noble
ohUdrwfl spoiled by their unappreoia
ttve. Indifferent parents who were all
Inriulaanos - ana 4ay sj4 OTsraisctlng 1
how our acts and motives appear, not
in our own sight and not In tha minds
of others, but In the sight of God. I
suspect- that the Judgments Of God are
not alwaye in, accord with the Judg
menta of men. It la hard for us, I know,- -to
believe that God's estimate of our
worth can differ materially from our
own estimate, for we naturally make
God an enlarged reflection of the hu
ms n capacities that we admire and Im
agine we ponaesa. Ths, Pharisee In the
rarable waa aure God was a magnified
I'harteee. The bigot always believes ,
that God is a divine bigot and the lib
eral Is Inclined to believe that Ood
does not care about the eateem and the -applause
of friends may. Indeed, facili
tate an external virtue, but God Judges
the heart xThe outside of the cup may .
be clean, but he looks at the Inner real- '
ity. God Judges by opportunity. I -God's
sight we are measured by what
W mivht ha TtfA waI..a4 !. -
a Just expectation of " achievement
Is it not the awful pathos of Phari sa. ,
Irm that it knows nothing of this Judgo .
ment? , -,.'.. .
Or, consider the other peril of the v
Pharlaee. He not only. trusts in blm-.
self thst he Is righteous, he despises
others. To deaplse others is, of course,
an Indirect method of . complimenting '
expression and the fortification of self
esteem. .We Judge others by ourselves y
and are often led Into unjust disdain
because the self that we use aa a
standard is apt to be not a real but a
M . W. . -
our own wll -propensities on the score
of unpropttlous circumstances oripe-
eullar temptations, and we forget to
make the same amiable allowance- for :
our neighbors. We deceive ourselves,
not nnlv shout nue acta, Vjut thnnl , v
motives. What we call hard and cruel r
In another, we Justify as "righteous In- ,
dlgnatlon" In ourselves. We cloak the ,
uii.qiiiiDB. n lilt II 1(1 iiuuiv, . w COR '
demn bv ratlin It In ourselves "wnrMTi- '
prudence." .Now. J -have beard a bit of ,
niu,nuv csuva . v-iirisuaa pruuenc.
becauee of ' ths example of five wise
virgins In the parable, who were watch
ful and careful, but who were mean '
Urtll.h .MA . MAMA .I (W.l.
. . u u v . . .. u . w ' . . 1. 1 w I . 1IIVII PfMll,
oil to their needy sisters. -1 never liked -
thai tisrshle. Tt- ta ilwivt Itatta, a '-
overestimate a man's merit than to un :
dervalue it. ' We cannot Justify ,censur,
becauee we do not truly know. While '..
we are sneering at a man's weakness, '
he may be making herolo . atrugglea "'
against besetting sins. '.-'-: r . '
' If, then, ws would escape the doom of '
the Pharisee, let ' ua have no - uncharl
table conscientiousness. Seek the light '
In other men's shadows. - De not slight
what a man Is because of something he
Is not. Receive what ha can -give you
wltltAMt 'thlnlrlna, h, he mhma yl.. V
Wa waste a good deal of breath In '
couraglng good, t never knew a man
to be- scolded into public-spirited en
deavor. ' Politics cannot be reformed by
the contemptuous neglect of the Intel
ligent and. upright-cltisens. Chrisflanlly .
cannot be Christianised by ths disdain
ful Indifference of the wise. Individ
uals cannot tie regenerated -hy' erlf Iris- --.
Ing thele faulta, - . - j , . - , .
. What makes a' man conceited and self-.',
righteous In an ignorance of true pro- .
portldneTTTTe knows h ende of motfvtrS
larsrer than hlmaalf. If a man'a atand-
ard qf life la conventional. If his mess -urlng
rod Is merely the world's opinion,
he Is likely to loaa hla life In a eon- .,
tended, self-delusion. But, If his stand ,
Immeasurable, and tha only 'verdict he
fears tha Judgment of God, then her fill 1
find hla life In noble- selt-forgetfulness. .
Said Marttneau ! - "We do nothing well :
until we learn our worth; we do robbing -best
till we forest It" , i, I :"
; 1 ,.-, r ,1.,
the next, according to their own moods?.
Lack of stability In children can gen
erally be traced ta tha lack of It la -parents.
Heredity, which Is so etrenu- '
ously denied by many, la certainly re
sponsible for tha perversity and short- ,
comings which era developed In ths off- '
spring of persons whose characters and ,'
habits are very reprehenalble. Like par- .
ent like child. Is constantly being verl- ,
fled. If physical tratta can be trans- .
mltted -and that is an undisputed fart
rwhy cannot dispositions and tenden
cies be also? Until there comes a time
when children are begotten in the sptrtt
of . the fulfillment of God's holy - laws '
there must be children born lnte" the ;
W"Jld in who-njjtherqhe
preponderate and who 'will require
eternal . vigilance to keep them front
following the Instincts of their nature.
More - and mora Is beina dona every ,
year for American children. Their true -natures
are being studied and stupen- -
doua efforts are being put forth for their j.
JavelOnmettt ithvalrallw. r tnantAllv. and
morally, and It Is to be hoped thst par- '
enta will awaken to a realising sense
of the responsibility resting upon them, .'
In 'Whet other country - than the
United States srs there church leagues
and church teama who play games with ,
each other, for ' the develonment of
brawn and muscle? Will not tha chll-',
dren In homee where they cannot have ,
amusements . iw mum a ins gymnasium
snd - on the ball grounds, and as an ...
oiricer 01 ine league is always present '
to care for the boys snd girls will they ' -
not imbibe higher ' Ideas and be better ': -
characters in all resneets than If thev
were -allowed to be on the street or '
visiting beer gardena and places where.-'
all kinds of vice are, remnant T .
There la no such system in tna world .
as that maintained m our; publta
schools. Even In the primary depart' -ments
ths little ones srs taught the ,"
ness ss well as the. rudiments of edu
cation. They-spend from four to. sis. -
hours five days out of every week for ,
st least eight montha out of every year .
tar elaht vaara. and If thev ao throuah
the high school they are four - more
yeara under tha tutelage and example
,AMki M.hA R.a ImIm.1 '
h,l n . W T th.r.r.T. - !,
claim that 1 with . their native Intelli
gence ' and superior advantagea the
children of this country have the best
chance to succeed. Thus equipped. It
Is not too much tn expect that America -
win oe in leaoina nsugn vi me woria.
Tha foibles and seeming Isck of def- ..
efence to their superiors and want' of ',
parental reverence will .be corrected '
during the youth- of . the majority of
them. With maturlt of yeara and de
velopment of their real charaotera will
come appreciation - of their blessings
and proper veneration for tha authors
of their being and tha country of their
nativity. I believe in stsndlng by tha -children,
and In feeling that It la tha
duty of all good citizens to help bring
up the children of this mighty nation -and
te aid in their protection from der
moraiisins inuumi-va Dj, suppressing,
rice and sustaining temperance and .
morality, r .
This "Calling- Basis ees. . -
.From the Atchison Globe, . -:
Thls "calling" business is sometime
funny. A young man calls on a cer
tain girl, and she despises ths ground
ho walks on. Still aha permits him to
call and spend, the evening with her.
Why do women submit to that sort of '
tlUcgl r . . ...
-' ' ; : iV'
c. 1 - .'-'-'
r . i.