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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 3, 1905)
By AUphan A. Lowtl. I.I U nearly tl .years inc Mareua Whitman died, murdered with hi .family, r by th paopla- to , '.who moral - and material improvement" ha wu , davotlnttiU Ufa.' Whan ne mada : hta femoua rida to aava Oregon to tha United Stat, . hi horn had bn tor lx long yaara tha lonaly mission bullded by hi own bend with- toll and privation la tha valley ( tha Walla Walla river, hie only white neighbor tha agnt of tha ; Hudaon'a Bay company and a taw li lonartea, moat o whom wara hundred ot mllea away; and It wae' hara that his Ufa andad. - . - . Tha field, of hla Christian tabor u , what ia now aouthwaatarn Washington , and northeastern Oregon and hta work . waa among .tha three Indian trlbea dom- inant In that vaat territory, tha Cayueea, . Walla Wallas and Umatlllaa, with- occa sional vtstta In hla oapaotty aa a phy sician ta the Nea Perce In what ia now Jdaho, and to the Dalles Indiana and other trlbea to the north and weat of , Waillatpu. tha Indian nam for hla ata tlon. . Tha mission waa, located in tha country of the Cayueea, .to which tribe ; the Walla Wallas and Umatlllaa were probably kindred. t In any event thy naa always been eloeely aaaoclated and all three were. of a higher order," both physically and mentally, than . moat ot -the trlbea -ot tha Paolfld coast. ;A FaTored..Tribw. - "v; 7;'-1 If any of th native raoea -were 'to tlrvtv the tranaitlon from savagiyy to civilisation," theae of 411 would eeem'to : have been the raoea elected. Their home . waa the bunchgras hllla, tha fertile valleys and tha timbered mountains "in the rare, pure atmosphere of the tslreat "portion of the inland empire. They were early i brought under . the elevating In- . fluenca ot missionary example and were largely tree from those jrica and dis eases acquired from tbe -low ' whltaa 1 which ao soon : demoralised and., de stroyed tha trlbea resident upon the sea coast- and-around . the great .trading poata. ...:. - They ., than"- numbered "thousands, strong, vigorous., healthy.-, occupying a - region of marvelous- fertility - and- diversity.-hundreds of miles in extent, . where since the Anglo-Saxon has eatab- ' lished innumerable homes, - built proa- " parous titles and towns, where -now or chard and vineyard bloom in beauty and fruit In glad abundance, while a million , sheep and thousands -; of cattle .- and horses range the. hlUa and mountain, and bonansa wheat fields cover with golden color the rolling uplands. It may ba that there is something of myth in the Whitman story; after a halt century the cobwebs of the Ideal gather upon every great career. Among the pioneers yet remaining there is a divided, sntlment as to how much credit is due him for The celebrated Oregon immigration of lltt and the settlement of tha boundary between Great Britain - and the United States In tha northwest. out ma piace in history la already fixed and, whether truth alone or truth and myth combined, the great mass of peoplo will always believe that the matchless winter ride and the opportune appear ance of the froet-bltten . and fur-clad I missionary at the federal capital saved -. me inree magnificent states ot tha F. . clflo northwest to this nation. ' Decline of tha Red Man.' .'. The last half century baa been a ' .period Of impreealve development for the white race, but it has witnessed the sad decline of the red man. -.y - The Cayueee, the tribe whose' mem bars, were Whitman's assassins, .then ranked, with- tha Nea Percee as one of tha most powerful among the northwest tribes. . Today, decimated and ' broken. aremnant whose greatness Is scarcely I , tuif sinuiii iumaviTHi (nay arc. gathered, with the Walla Wallas and - Umatlllaa under tha nam of the con- I federated- banda,-tt-the amaltUmtllU I reservation near Pendleton. Oregon The 1 three tribes are now cioaely related by - intermarriage. , ." " This reserve .comprises a total of , about seven government townships and 1 is whfct is denominated aa allotted reser . vatlon; thtla the lands have been dl- Ivlded among the Indiana in severalty, v The allotment was mada by federal com missioners in lltt under a special act - of. congress, and under the law each! Indian head of a family waa allowed v 10 acres of agricultural land, each aln , gla person, over the age ot II years 10 acres,-and eaoh child under the age Of II years 40 acres. In audition, aufftclent paature and timber land was reserved for common use by the tribes, while there waa set apart for. a model farm and Industrial sehooj It acres of tllla- ble land.' ' . . 1 Poasesston at thl? lands was 1mm - dtataly given tha several allottees, but ths government holds the title for them In trust during a term of ft years, the' theory of tha law presumably being that tha experience of a quarter of a century Gossip 6E "'CAPTAIN OP.MKN" By E. Anson - Mora. . Verily, a , historical novel, but . with aucb an Snolent setting on has to delve into memory's storehouse .pretty deeply before he can determine whether th characters really belong to history or are the creations of an in genious authos, a- - -., At th very beginning of the story, when the author state, ' "It waa near th end of the spring of -the year 1011 before the Christian era, when th army lf ;Ayrla lft ita winter quarter In i Damascus and became the uninvited guests of Hiram, king Of Tyr." th reader receive two distinct sensations: th first la an sbblng of Interact and pronounced inclination to lay It aside and find something a thousand or two years nearer th twentieth century,' but -thla la soon overcom by admiration for th courage of a writer who would un dwrtske to serrate a romance from such a distant east, and handicap It with auch a clear, cold -dale in IM lUrl.' It 'tduairryrir 1ntstm threghewfc an 1. inSlv. a. It inddently lntr duces many custom of the court and times of Hiram, king or Tyre. ; . -Merodach, an Aasyrlan. ia th here t :he tory, and. give tltl to the book. Tanith, the' daughter of Eamua, th merchant prince and bualneas partner of th king; Hiram, , th dwarf,, th great artist of Tyr. and Miriam, th Hebrew alive of Tanith, and eoum ot David, tha future king of Israel, form , th quartet of Interesting chraetr. and others of more hlstorlo importance are incidentally introduced. Th ro ma nee ot the etory ia the lov ot Mero dach tor Miriam and the jealoua and vindictive love and tyranny of Tanith. t. c at i for Merodaclv-Whtle. .Hiranv awarr. love Tanith, yet creates th wonder ful image of Baal-Molo? which la the -gfl. destroy. btf. , . L , A;t asll'ia'iw.. ' Chief James, Successor to Chief will have taught the Indian tha value of individual property and. will have In vested him wUh. BkUl to use itand knowledge to protect It. - stducatinc the lodiatu- ' The school was established with the view of educating the Indians in ths art of operating their farms and in those of , Some Gurrent .'The dwarf, whll cynical, repulelve" and "often disgusting, la th philosopher of ths book, and really th most Inter eating character. Tanith' love for Merodach ia, aencual and unwholesome reading, though undoubtedly a fair rep resentation1 of that age of Saml-barbar-lam, and If th "Captain' of Men" had had nothing to recommend him but hi constancy h ' could hardly have been called a hero, but hla. courage, daring and powor over men give him high rank In the ' estimation of th reader, though. In- accepting ill jawn physical misfortune he show - a weakness - in consistent with a commander of men. but then ther ha been aa evolution in tbe popular idea of heroism alnc that time.. .- ,'-, -t . - Tyr waa at th time' ot the story th great mart of the world and -one of ita greatest sources of wealth was th Im portation of tin, though from whence It came even the king snd the great mer chant knew hol.7 For year th PhbenF" elan enjoyed monopoly of tha trade. r.ittsiitiiu . .o in cin, uy mat river '". Rhone , t o "hlpe waiting for It at the latter' mouth. Th native along thla route had begun to waylay and rob the oaravane ef Eamun, the rich merchant, and th ship - of Tyr sent to .receive It were returning empty, to th consternation of Eamun ana Hiram, th king, who reallaed that the mlnee of T arsis h war exhausted, th supply was almost ton and must b replenished, at tin ws the best of the' wealth of the country. So when Merodach -offered to sail into th unknown seas and And the ource, that th ahlpa of Tyr might g dlreot for It, hi offer wa accepted with great -dallghU though wltlv skepticism, for tha king said: ,"Th water beyond th Plltafof Melkarth become a mighty current, rushing wcstwsrd to - plung headlong over the'end of the earth7". There ar terrible p!r!t In that region and th liaaoca sie, ujyjba.ataxaat and I. i - Joseph it tha Nea Psrcea, tha Last branches of human effort which are essential to make them self-supporting and Independent, and Is maintained by funds arising from tha sals of a portion: of tha original reeervation which, at tha date of allotment, was considerably di minished In slse. ' Theoretically, under tha law, the In dian la realdlng upon his allotment, sow ing the seed, reaping ths harvest. and Books V hid th un and tars In blackest night The bravest sailor would refuse to at tempt such a voyag. Tet th conceptlng Is a trend on." " - - ,' It I the Incident surrounding this trip. th. preparation for It, tha voyag and th victorious and uceeeful return that furnished th beat material foe th tory and land Itself to th many bit of history and tradition that are woven Into it. and incidentally gives th reader an Insight Into th thoroughneaa of the author' rveearch and hie knowledge of ancient history. .During thoe days tha tudlo of Hlramr th - artiitr-was-the gathering-place for many ' eohgenlal sslrlu sad Mr. Mora tells us that tradi tion dates the origin of Freemasonry to the meeting. Nor war th day o( th rule of Hiram- so far ' removed, - is th matter of human passion, from today, 'they are. In year, according to this writer, for when th etrees of famine we upon them the same -cry went up that found II echo In th French revolution nd which Ignatius Donnelly predict Is with profit, a wall as read with Interest. C-PA Co-.-Jrice-ILMv Hhe Girl Prom Home" By Isobel Strong. Thte book acquire a tpeclal Interest from th fact that It la th only story yet written of Hawaii In the daya when Kalakaua waa king.. Mre, Strong spent eeveral year in th island. Sh wa a prominent member ef the court olrcl and at cloee friend of Kalakaua himself. On of her moat preoiou poa sesston I tha Order of Ooeanla. whlon ehe received from Kalakaua under In teresting elrcumstancea Near th cloee of lira Strong stay every effort wa being mad by th Amerloaa party to bring about annexatlonofJJiJLjslndj5o the United 8 tat, a mov which, ef couree.. Kalakaua oppoaeq. The- politi cian and especially the mlsslonarlee were Try active and planned what waa to have been a-mild coup d'etat The jro-aonexatlnnlU found- IV neceesary to t r t Li "J is I ' 1 Great Leader of a Northweattndiaa Tribe Photograph by Kiaer Photo practicing all the arts of ths peaceful tiller of tha soli, while his children are in attendance) upon school Preparing for a part trr ths civilisation which a boun tiful but eomewhat neglectful govern ment is sssurlng them. Actually he has little use for his land except to lease it to whites, while he, clad in blanket Of Vivid, hue. loaf a In the towns or In hta tepee, beside .aorne- stream," eon tent - In forcibly Mparat King . &alakaua from hla counoilora, end on day aurrounded him and, mad ' bim'-'a 'prisoner In hi palace. Quit by . accident Mra. Strong discovered tbe situation whll paying a visit to. th secretary of state at hla office. II waa abolutely heoeasary that a brief message should be carried to the king and a brief answer brought baok from -him.'. Mrs. t Strong had un dertaken to make for the. king illustra tion .for a book n.hJ on th fishes of 1U well., , With the portfolio' of theee tucked uader her arm. ah braved the unsuspecting guardaat- th palace and got audience with the king. Upon one of her aketchee the message waa writ ten. Kalakaua, whll pretending to criticise the drawing, managed to crib ble hla answer on one of them. Mra Strong - with ' her preciou .. bundle marched oat again paat the . guard carrying theanawer . to th secretary of state and thus saved the situation.' The Order of Oceania which the king be stowed upon her for thle service eon slsts of a beautiful medal with a palm tree design worn with a green each. It Is recognised in all " th ., court . - ot Europe. McClari PhilUpe - Co. are Mrs.-Strang' publlshera- "A Potrtforixv.B-ty Franel Lynde.1 -1 . I w 1 - -.kl-L I Tha nockatbook aerie, wblch consisted of Ave unique little book, both a Id" glxemning matter and blndliigi'orhlsb. appeared from-th preaa of Bobba, Mer rill "eV Cn."lat spring, pioved se- wttrae tlv and popular that th publlehera de termined to add on more to the series, and In preaenting "A Fool for Love" hav in no way detracted from th eet; but,1, on th contrary, have given it e valuable eequlaltlbn, ee any one wl" know wh read rThe Grafter." Th preeent book I juat what It I Intended to-be a light tory, full ef Interest, 2t for th summer girl or to Idl away dreary afternoon when the rain 1 thick outside end It slse, make It peelally dealrabla to drop Into - th pocket for a trip to th country, It is story ot a youn man wnn TOaomnlbTe" persTTnce. whoTHa been employed to push a branch railroad through a narrow Utah pass, regard let of every ebatael placed la hi way by th opposition, who Un paralleled tbf new en.'. The story ; become thick - -. . , .a--'.". ,v .', U - r A r;,, ' ths thought that his squaw rlll do what work muat be done and that the rentil from hla land will buy the little ba needs -to eat and wear; nor la he anx ious that the children ahall be edu cated, and they rarely attend school at his suggestion or compulsion. The bur den Of Interesting the young and im pressing them with the need of education he leaves to the school authorities, and "R' ANGB NINE.'' a th con- ( vlct In th state prison in jnicnigan iir, inaiana, cau th orison cemetery, I oon to claim on of th shrewdest of old time confidence men. - Colonel A. V. Ward, or "the man with a cough." aa he I better known, Is nearly ready for hl release from a life that haa been filled with melodramatic Incidents... . 'Th , story of th lite of "the man with a eeuga". read like, fiction. Ward la about 71 year of age, but still keen of mind, notwithstanding that in th last few. month hlhalth hfalled rapidly ...,..,. . - - .'. .-V2 ... ' The crime for which he I now serving time I the passing of a forged check on a Terr Haute hotelkeeper, He ob tained the money and mad good hi escape. Later he wa arrested snd sent to prison In thl city. 11 served four year under former Warden , O. ,Aj H. Shidelar.. He won : th . confidence of Warden Sbtdeler. was made a "trusty" and attaoted the warden a sympathy because of hi g and hi hacking cougnTntiTsgmd"ta hrld tils near toe... grave. , Mr. Hl.mirn did not know that th cough was part nd that h wa known among th "aura thing men" a "th man with a cough." Mr. Bhldaler got him paroled, took him to Marlon and gave him a job at good wagee. Ward did well for a year. One day Mr. Bhldaler detected liquor on his protege's breath. - The old man was Scolded snd threatened with. return to prison If he drsnk anymore: He prom- with complication, whan th beautiful south girl visit the scene of action la her unci' private car, the unci be ing preeldent of th oppoeltlon road, and tha hero in love with the girl. The Ullt1lt sluswd and telehs and at flntlmoney time It looked though h would gat th beat of th hero eterllng qualities. but th Story nda to th satisfaction ef -every- ooe The- Bobb-MrrUt' com pany. Price 11. . " too - often does not welcome their at forte. -. -. . - - r The i average Indian will not work, nor Is ha ambitious to change either hla own or his children's condition. There are, of course, notable excep tions but the cases where either labor or ambition attracts these people era rare, and unfortunately the younger generatlona aeem more averse to habits of industry snd, sobriety - than ihelr elders. The tendency of many of the younger men Is to accept the vices and refuse the virtues of their white height bora. The drinking'1 habit is prevalent and, notwithstanding the. statute im pose"' a severe penalty for tha offor.se, furnishing liquor to Indians Is a crime too of ten' committed, 'there are alwsya plenty of unscrupulous whites roady to take the chancea for the .profit,' and It la not often, that an Indian will divulge the -source, oj his whiskey supply. - lsual)y Peaceable.1. , ? ; Most of : the : other vlcee whlsh . are ths usual -eoneomltints of idleness are found in greater or less degree among them, but breachea ot the peace are practically confined to young men and qktxed ' bloods. . Ths older, full-blood I Indian la usually peaceable,' sober and law-abiding, but" the tnndency of tribe unf ortunatel y sem a down W;ir4 towai d the gehenna of civilisation. It is possible thit if tfce . race, fcaa virility enough to survive tbe changes Incident - to . tha passing - from nomadic II fa - to astabllalil - itcmes, -llier . may lster be an upward turn and the ulti mate -result - msy pmve not - matsvlelly different from tlutt of other savage peoples In eerllsr age; but the dis appearance or the Indians in race m muqh more probable.)- - , - Tbelr habits, necessarily to seme f tent, modified by chsnged conditions. different surroundings, snd the nar rowed limits' of thetr hunting grounds. are much ths same as wers. those of their fathers In Whitman's time. 1 They retain many of the . superstitions ef tbelr sncestors. the squaw doing practi cally all the work there la done, the family chiefly living In the circular feed wtgwsm or tepes sleeping upon skins with feet to the open. fire: Many of them have houses upon thetr allot ment, but toe tent-Je-muoa-more at tractive to them. - The majority speakr the Indian lan- guage, moat frequently tha Nea Ptroes tongue, although eaoh tribe ha ita own dialect... A few dreae In tha ordinary Clothes of tha whltaa. but the majority cling to the bright-colored blanket, the beaded moccasin, and necklace and wrist let of shell snd. wear their hair , long, while the bead of the man is usually surmounted by a broad-brimmed white aombrero andlhaT ef the worn n -wit b a colored ellfc handkerchief, or topmoah, as they term it - Loose Marriage TTea.?-. : . ' ; f ' The marriage relation Is loose, the old Indian cuatoms still obtaining, snd divorce being a matter or convenience. latterly soma ef them are following the customs of the whites and obeying the state law in the matter of dofnesjlc relations, having learned that upon, ttwlr decease their lands descend according to tha laws of-Oregon, and hence, that legal marriage and formal divorce con stitute essential raeorda of eaUbllahlng heirship. - . Nomlnully the most of the . Indian reaident upon the Umatilla' re irvatlon are Chrlatlan, Soma affiliating with the Protestant church, eome with the R0 ma'n Catholic. Actually it is doubtful If niany of them . have a very definite Idea of the requirements of a religious uuA. ii.i. fr.r . christian ', ethic. I Upon the reservation Is Catholic mis sion and a Presbyterian chapel, and at ths latter occasionally a native preach er, uaualiy a Taklma - or Nea Perce. Officiates. i -.'..;-. v - - - There era, of eeuree, her and there individual members of tha tribes who evince a desire to adapt themaalv to the requirements of a civilised life, who are willing to work and are not averae to performing the full duties of oitlsen shlp, o far aa they understand them, but the tribes es a whole present little hope, -even to tha-opttmlatlo-i theorist. They appear doomed to early practical extinction.. Slowly the. full-blood ar decreasing In numbers. .: There 1 not room -for - the purault ' of, those . mean of livelihood which their father fol lowed and under which their race In creased, and ' they . aeemlngly cannot brook the reatralnt pf civilisation. Opportunity at ..Hand- T"c . Natures and the federal .government have been alike kind to them, and they have abundant- opportunities at hand to fulfill tha hopea entertained for tha td to abstain from th us ef liquor In the future. Two day later ha d la appeared and for month ,h wa fugitlv from justle. . V A fine-looking old man,' dignified and haughty, ' and with the manners-, of a Chesterfield, drove in a handsom car riage one afternoon last summer to the offlc of the Southern agent of Shldeler-1 m Burk of Marlon, a prominent business house of Memphuk With- him - wa a charming young woman whom he intro duced ae hi daughter. . i The fine old man wa Colonel Ward of Npw Orleans. Ha talked of hi dear frlend,Major-;'fcd" Bred-of -Marlon, showered compliments on -Colonel Burk and said hla old friend Oeorg. com monly known "Hal" Shldeler, waa about th beat man that aver llvd. II showed grest familiarity with th gla boins and th relation between the Marlon, man and th Memphis men, o that he "hadno trouble In getting What h wanted. Colonel "Burk, at Marlon, got a atatement of accounta from hla Mmphle agent a week. later and in It t4JveM;t.Pnt.,fc.dMjhtfu with yourfrlend, i. uoionei w ara. . He la one. ofShjniot pojlshed gentlemen vr met. I cashed a draft tor him for 110. and am aorry that he did not went more. It la a pleasure to meet men Ilk your friend. When Colonel Burk cooled down he wired hie Memphl agent a follow: - "ward no rriand of rain. He la an eacaped convict. Notify tha authorltlee at Michigan City, Indiana. Tou got off v Colonel Ward wa born ner Indian apolla. and haa wealthy relative near that city, who long age cast him off. When young he waa a rambler on the Mississippi H won large amount ef and finally nnrflniM a (tram- boat. I i t -boat war layd some or t"i 1 s poker game In th nls- tfr- fave were often th , r, ri when Wtrd e- eu. i ej C t lUck aiea ki develoment of the native race. Tl terlor department ia ready to sit t In svery practical, way; their ri ' tloa.la a magnificent tract of Ian 1. I eluding within it boundaries a r-if l of the Blue mountain range wit". ' tlful and fertile foothills, ui . i Umber and abundant pastursg for tarn ponle which Tn a larse agree at'.'.l con tltut wealth from the Indiana e point, since the majority ride horse back, an Indian walking or driving- a team being, until recent year, an un usual scene.-- The reserve is crossed by a railroad. Is watered by tha Umatilla river and Ita trlbutarlea and contain some .of the finest wheat land on -Paclft eosst. ordinarily yielding, even under tha preeent uncertain cultivation, not lees than I.IOO.OO buhelf-wheat. Many quarter aectlona produce as much as 44 bushel to the sere, snd the aver age being at least It buahals. - The number of ;. full-blood r Indiana - Upon the reservation probably spproxl maUs 700. divided between the trrbes" about -as followsrCayuees, Uma tlllaa.' 17. and Walla. Wallas. 171. In addition ther sre probably about aae half and quarter breeds, moetly allied with, the Walla Walla tribe. The agency upon thla reservation haa been abollahed and such government authority as Js exercised ' over the tribe is manifest throush ths of ftcs of the superintendent of the school, although in fact there Is not much actual difference between , euch office- and that of Indian agent aa that position hes" existed, for the- paat decade. Ths work of th government's representative, upon an allotted, reserve tloiv la somewhat perfunctory snd con- -alats largely in assisting th Indian in -their dealings with the whit lee of . their Isndt. Probably ales one of ths principal dntjee -whloh--the department . expect of it representative is to secure the - attendance of - th Indian children upon th chooi. - - Tribal Chiefs. ; j v . s ' The tribal relation ' here haa bee ostensibly abolished, the government no. longer recognising It In any manner, but . the chiefs are still Influential and prob- . ably to some extent obeyed, especially ; . by the older members of - the tribes. The last hereditary chief of the Cayueea. Ta-tln--ou-iU..a etrong character and " 1n hla prime easily a leader among all the tribe, died " about " 1 year ago. 7 Toung Chief then assumed the chief- . tarney-endexerclsed it to a degree until ', hie death, but hla clatm -wra-never formally recognised by - his tribe. Within the psst year a repreaaatative at the younger generation.. Tow-wa-trri. whoa abtlltie are a yet unknown, haa been elected ' and ' assumed the prerogatives--of -chief.'., whatever they may be. Peov- In wjioae veins . flows ' blood -In which the blue is Intensified by a. long line ef royalty, la th Umatilla chieftain.-' Formerly he waa a man of influence and really exercleed consider able power., but dtealpatton ha' broken him physically and. mentajly and his In- fluence is gone. . ---- : A man f princely blood, bearing the '. , prosaic name of No Shirt, about 10 years ago. upon th death at the great Homely, aucceeded to the chleftsfhcy of the Walla Wallaa and still relgna with out government recognition. ' There Is undoubtedly a moral respon sibility resting upon the government -to give, a It I doing, to this remnant ' of a once vigorous people, an oppor tunity for education, to provide schools . snd teachers, tools and machinery, and.' all those - things which.' civilisation doems necessary; but whether the In dian is made better or happier thereby, is a grave question and. from tbe nar row view of th present, would be an swered In " the negtlv.T-Th - coniln -" ment of a schoolroom Is not eonduclv to' th health of a people whose Imme- Slate awoeetors heve lived .-wd.. free . life In th open air, and th . changed mode of life resulting from th attempt . to adapt thee people . to th standards of living approved by th whites , net Infrequently reaulta ln disease and sometimes death before either old or young can put to teat th value ot th Chang.. ....... . Whatever may be the work ef the schools snd their Influence upon th In dividual at th time, it ia noticeable that a return to th tribe in many casee mean a 'quick return to tribal superstitions . and trlbl habtta, where work Is disdained and the blanket and moccasin replace the garb of civilisa tion. Probably this is not otherwise than natural; when It' required a thou sand year to Wvtllxar-omr-own- rate ww ought not to be urprtd that w have failed to clvillxe the red men ta an hundred years. . ' ' - Let us hop otherwise, but measur ing ths effect of, the remainder of the century by that, portion now eloalnr. when th on hundredth anniversary ti th Whitman tragedy shall be observed, the race" wMeltrccmmlUadfgrTlr crime will have passed forever. . would take them to the Red River coun try and dispose of them. When the war began Ward beaded a gang of man that engaged In bounty- jumping. They worked la th New Eng land etatea It waa during thla time that he ehot a federal captain? and wa com pelled to1 go south to eacape a it eat. Upon enlistment In th confederate rmy he wa mad a colonel, and at the head of a band - ot guerrilla he had many . bloody encounter and thrilling escspes. , Later he cam north a apy.- bavlng been aelected aa one of tbe men to destroy New Tork by fir. -H waa caught applying a nreorsna to a hotel and wa eentenred to death. A few hours before th execution Preel dent' Lincoln pardoned blm becau of th assistance given by him in carms for th 111 and wounded in th prison In which he waa confined. After he Ws a released- from ertse Ward took up gambling again aad -4' to H the avocation- of confide m H 1 said to hav broken Phil Daly bank at Long Branch, winning !. one night and mslng.lt anoth gambling-house the next day. For yea. aftertharVe'warit 'be head- ceesful gang of erooka N cro w, better "known11il"ie t "man with i -cough." Sinoe th etvll wr h a eerved many long terma .' Th old man now In aa Inv' chair la th un bath V th pri hospital and dream pf Old eeldom Ulks of hie past life, but w h doea he invarl.bly xpreeB r that he did not make something f I telf ether than a criminal V.i-T during th last few weeka a health haa failed 5rapllly. t- -haa leaned hi rd '' rest on hi rhstin1 He would Use lib old hem and i i B rhr ---mlta that he feel- eertatn t he would I : hou.0 a-Cy-
