Editorial Page of TKe Journal IT' PORTLAND. OREGON. THURSDAY. DjtCJtUBEK 1, MM. THE OREGON DAILY AN C 8. JACKSON Published every evening ( except Sunday ) and every Sunday morning at THE MAYOR'S SAD MISTAKE. r I MIERE is only one ground upon to enter the Tanner creek is entitled even to a semblance of justification and that is that the original job was so badly done there is danger of the sewer caving in, thus inflicting damage on private property and leaving the city liable for heavy damage suits. The mayor's attempt to throw discredit upon the report of the experts is purely an afterthought which does him discredit. Neither the city engineer nor the contractor made the feeblest attempt to deny a sin gle asserted fart. When the matter was laid before the city engineer all he found to say was that he couldn't deny anything there stated, sufficient justification of it self to have warranted his immediate suspension for,' if jobbery of that sort was being turned out under his very eyes and he had on his Own personal knowledge recom mended its acceptance, he was precisely the man. who should not have been kept in that But the mayor thought otherwise and decided to hold in office the engineer and assistant engineer who are to thoroughly discredited that no taxpayer can longer have any confidence in their certification while some of the. banks, it is said, have simply gone out of the business of advancing money on any city contracts. But he has gone even further and has assumed the right to permit the defaulting contractor to go into the sewer and make certain repairs in order to "protect hit own interests," when so far as anybody can see the only interests that really need protection are those of the taxpayers who have been so shamelessly defrauded by the work done by the contractor and accepted by the mendation of the engineer. When teen done over again in a way to pass muster, which is the only way in which it can now be done, the mayor proposes to employ another commission of engineers to go into the sewer and make another ir.al report against which neither the contractor could say a word, is now picion to the mayor who seems very cerned in protecting the interests of the contractor than the interests of the men who foot the bills for the sewer work. - . But, as we have said, if thera is a shadow of justifica tion for permitting anyone under the circumstances to go into the sewer to make the repairs tha very last man who should have been permitted to enter is the con tractor under whose contract the crooked work has been done. M there was. nothing else to it but that, the mayor has made himself the target of criticisms under, which an honest man must writhe. IMPORTANCE OP PURE MOST .thc milk sold in Portland is puce and of good Quality. Yet watchfulness and care on the part of the public, acting through the proper official channels or agancies, must be con stantly exercised; for pure, unadulterated milk is one of our very important necessities. Every large city has had troubles mint, but most of them have finally succeeded in obtain ing it. Yet in one day last week 15 dealers in adulter ated milk were fined $720 in a New York court. One of them had to pay $150. The judge served them right. A baby fed on milk that is mostly water starves. Water is good in its way, but it cannot take the' place of niHk. and selling whitened water ought to be a peni tentiary offense. A rich man of New York city, Mr. Nathan Straus, hss made a business of supplying many people of that city with pure milk. He sees to it that a very large num ber of poor children get such milk, and at cost, or less. This is charitable fad of his, and one of the most ad mirable ones that of which we know. Portland is not a very big city, yet it needs and de mands an immense amount of milk, cream and butter, which dairy products fortunately, are mostly supplied by the immediate surrounding country. The dairymen of this county have an organization that keeps Up the prices of their product to reasonable figures, and as sures them a Irving profit. People of the city do not object to paying tht prices demanded for milk and cream, but they have a right to insist that these pro ducts should be clean, pure, and unadulterated. We be lieve they are, as a rule; but it is necessary to keep watch, and be on guard, against a possible and oc casional dishonest dairyman. Pure milk is one of a city's prime necessities. We can better afford the adulteration of any other food than milk. We believe we have a good man on guard in the person of Commissioner Bailey. "These trials in Portland are altogether proper. But , they do not go to the heart of the business. They touch only the limbs and the outward flourishes. A few paltry uvarter sections are nothing. The thousands and mil lions of acres, on schemes of "base" or 'lieu" lands, worked under forms of law, constitute the real griev ance. The Orcgonian. . Have a little patience; for the first time something is being done in this direction. It was necessary to make a start; a real start has been made. Only the compara tively small fish are yet involved, but the logical ten dency is upward and that the government is not in the bv sin ess of shielding favorites, however high placed, is BEAB.DI.ESS PBEBIDEHTS When Roosevelt Is Inaugurated on March 4, 19 of., he will be the second president with a mustache. Cleveland was the first. Whatever the presidency of this coun try has done for the Incumbents, it haa not been productive of beards. The first four ehlef executives were as clean shaven as Benedictine friars. J. Q. Adams wss tha first to break the rule, but he was not a full bearded president. His facial growth of hair hardly came up to what are usually termed aids whiskers, but they were a trifle more expansive than the Scotch Presbyterian type. When ha retired the beardless presi dent oaaie In again with Jackson, but his successor, Vsn Buren, brought to the White House almost an aaact pat tern of the whiskers grown by J. Q. Adams. William Henry Harrison again set the beardless face. The seven who csSns after were clean shaven. When Mr. Lincoln was elected there was not a hair on his face, hut before he finished his first terra ha wore s sparse beard, with clean shaven upper Hp. one of the authenticated stories is that he did this to please a child. (I rant was the first president with full abort beard. His Immediate suc cessor. Mayes, was the drat to wear full, long whiskers, covering his shirt front. Uerfleid also wore a full heard, but It was leas luxuriant tha that of Hayes Arthur, who was the meat correct dresser ef all the presidents, was the INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED BY JOURNAL PUBLISHING CO. atresia, Portland, Oregon. OFFICIAL PAPER OF THE CITY OF PORTLAND becoming manifest, in due time. which permission sewer to do repairs very good and those of us chance was. without the help important position was the original parent there is no city on the recom parties a new day all this work has From the very report. The ong engineer nor the for a Democratic an object of sus much more con The last election first principles and they will eventually plan laid down with statesman, Senator OFPICE S' EVERAL of MILK. worthy. and It openly and in obtaining pure Candidate Polk souri. 'So did the News and the Journal. The Inter Ocean is a strict, straight, party organ, but it has the least city circulation of any Chicago newspaper worth mentioning. The Chronicle, that tried to build itself up by pretending to be Democratic when it was really Re publican, finally became ashamed of itself, and acknowl edged itself a "yellow dog" supporter of anything labeled Republican. But it has only a small circulation in the city and suburbs, as compared with the News, strictly independent and impartial, or the Tribune, Republican, but that dares to oppose an unfit Republican candidate. All this is here stated in the nature of a suggestion to some of our esteemed Republican contemporaries the Salem Statesman, for instance We are all desiring, or professing to desire, better municipal government, ability coupled with cleanliness in municipal service And as practical, grown-up and possibly gray-headed men we know that politics should cut no figure whatever in municipal service that it should be wholly a business matter that in electing a councilman, an assessor, an auditor, a mayor even, pol itics should cut no more figure than religion or com plexion. Yet we find our friends, the Salem Statesman, the Roseburg Plaindealer, the Albany Herald, and the Pen dleton Tribune, while agreeing with these propositions eleven months in the year, turn around and make them selves ridiculous by shouting "vote the ticket; vote it straight; don't scratch; don't discriminate," whenever a city or county election takes place. The Journal suggests this to n esteemed contem poraries: Stand by your party in national affairs if you think it important to do so; even stand by Binger if you believe it important to have a Republican majority in congress though the Chicago Tribune wouldn't do so but when it comes to local officers, support the best men. Down an unfit man if he comes up on your ticket. The people's business is becoming too important to be turned over to political grafters of any party. In a word, the newspapers ought to be the leaders and teachers in political independence, and in the growing demand for pure, capable and unpnrchasable public service, not aiders and abetters of such crimes. The man is important; his party name is unimportant. Gradually we are learning this lesson. first In the list to grow the Burnslde type of whiskers. Benjamin Harrison's beard was full, with a slight tendency to curl at the end, and was tinged with gray. After Cleveland the clean shaven face returned with McKtnley. The mustache came In for the second time when Roose velt succeeded. Most of the presidents were bounti fully supplied with hair on top of their heads. The two Adsmses were the first to show a alight tendency to baldness'. Vsn Buren was bald on the forehead. Garfield was similarly marked POIk was the first snd only president who wore his hair In the ante-bellum southern styls. It was long and reached back from the rent, over his ears. Buchanan was the first and only one, so far, to wesr the top roach. ' 'levels nd in returning to his second administration showed a tendency to baldness. McKlnley was not noticeably blessed With a heavy growth. But no baldheaded man. aa the term Is understood, haa yet been president of the United States. IITCI.IBTBD TO BBTOBBiaHBTEBB. From the Chicago Tribune. Americans who are loud In their boasts that snobbishness Is practically unknown In this country will be rudely Jarrd at the smiling report of the man ager of a great hotel recently opened In New York. There la a sumptuous room Irt this hotel thst rents st the rste of 1125 a day. It is the most expensive hotel JOURNAL VNP. P. CARROLL The Journal Building, Fifth and Yamhill Keep cool and all things will come CHEER UP. TOM! OM WATSON is a man of brilliant, energy and a fighter. But he is taking on the tone of a disappointed man in speaking since the elec tion. There was no time, we suppose, that he had any hope of electing the Populist ticket; that was even less in the cards than the election of the Democratic ticket who were a little biased during the cam paign surely realize now how worse than hopeless the By what strange process of mental legerdemain he seeks to connect Bryan with the plutocratic crowd which stood back of Parker even he might find it difficult to explain. At the outset it was intended to elect Parker of Bryan or any of his friends and. this theory of the campaign. It speedily underwent a radical change, however, and in the course of a little while help front every quarter was not only accepted thankfully, but eagerely sought. But salt couldn't save the ticket. As a matter of fact the national Democratic party is now in better shape than it has been for half a dozen years past. It has been proven to the satisfaction of every one that it cannot be saved by those who were its enemies in two campaigns; it is equally ap hope for it except in so far as it rep resents the thoughts, aspirations and hopes of the masses o: the people. When everybody is forced to realize that there is no room in this country for two Republican for the Democratic party has dawned beginning, the two parties have been diametrically opposed; the attempt to merge them dis mally failed even though they maintained separate names. If the people wanted Republican policies they wanted the name to go with them; they refused to stand subterfuge. has drawn the line sharply enough for any one to see it. All that is needed is for the Democrats to take the hint thus conveyed, to get back to to stay with them. In that way win four years hence if President Roosevelt is shortsighted enough to follow the tariff such confidence by that able Oregon Charles W. Fulton of Astoria. - HOLDERS AND POLITICS. the hi newspapers of Chicago are very admirable concerns in more than one re spect, and, especially in the matter of politics. They are notably independent, and refuse to support the candidates of any party unless they are personally The Chicago Tribune is an outspoken Republican paper, and very energetically and ably supported Presi dent Roosevelt in the late campaign; yet it refused to support some disreputable characters for congress on the Republican ticket, notably Lprrimer and Madden, enthusiastically supported Democratic over in the neighboring state of Mis room In the United States. There are sullss that coat a good deal more money per diem in hotels, but no one room that costs as much. This 1125s day room was widely ad vsrtlsed and talked about when the great new hotel opened its doors. It was pictured In the newspapers, and de scribed down to the lsst detail. Word as to thst room went ail over the United States. The msnager of this hotel was ssked how he was making out with his 1126 a day room. "Well." he replied, "If you want to occupy it for a day or so you'll have to give me at least four months' notice. It Is already booked, for one day terms, for thst period of time, snd bookings are coming In f ram all parts of ths United States every day." That hundred and a quarter a day I room hasn t been vacant a single day or r.lght since the hotel opened. The people who occupy the room for a day are splurging visitors, who simply "want to have the name" of having staked themselvea to a one room shelter st ths rate of 1126 for twenty-four hours' oc cupancy of It. Consideration Tot tha Pastor. From ths Chicago Tribune "I hsven't seen you st our morning service for several Sundays, Brother Hsrdesty." said the Rev Dr. Fourthly. "I know it. doctor," said Brother Hsrdesty. with sn spologetlc cough; "but ths fact Is thst whsn I go to sleep I snore ss loudly that It distracts ths at tention of ths congregation.'' 1 . Sma11 Ckane Only Kill one month of leap year left. Have you bought that Christmas pres ent yetT t Port Arthur We think you'll have to rail, after au. November was quite a decent, com fortable month, after all. The word winter haa no terrors for the citizen of western Oregon. How would It do to banish Puter, Watson, et 1 , to township seven-'leven for lire7 Russia is for peace aa soon licks Japan but that may be time hence. aa she a Ions: Carnegie says universal peace will prevail after the year 3000. Certainly, we will all be very peaceful then. Douglas, Folk and Johnson are won derlng what they will do with their Re publican legislatures. They, might con suit George Chamberlain. He seems to have got along rather smoothly. We don't doubt that Mr. D. R. Fran cis Is very glad tha St. Louis fair is over at laat. He has borne a heavy strain for many months and must need a rest. St. Louts, by the way, owes him more than It will ever pay him. Some "papers talk very nicely and laeiy about tariff reform, and non partisan service In cities, and so forth. when no election is pending or neat but always urge readers when the time ana tne test come to vote the Repub lican ticket straight, yellow dogs and all Salem Statesman: An Indiana aur geon found the heart of a patient in his stomach. For generations housewives have known that the heart of the aver age man la reached only after first prowling through the stomach. This is no new discovery. Isn't this, from the Minneapolis Trlb une, nearly a case of less majeste? "Far be It from us to reflect unduly on any bright, impulsive young American wo man, but we begin to suspect that Miss Roosevelt is becoming 'a trifle head strong and in danger of being utterly spoiled.'' . . Oregon Sidelights All Oregon towns are growing. Now, December, don't be too rude. One thing that Oregon badly needs is more laying hens. New settlers are nearly all well pleased with Oregon. Every Oregon county should be well represented at the 1906 fair. An Unusual number of young people are getting married in La Grande six coupiea last wee. When they have a dance In Lakeview, they dancs all night, till broad daylight, and don't go home till morning. Irrigation will work great wonde: or what would havs aesmsd wonders a few years ago in Eastern Oregon. Ths Rossburg Plaindealer Justifies turkey-stealing when the birda are not to po os bought for leaa than It cants a nd. Only two criminal cases have come up in ths local court in Lakeview during tha paat six months. Pretty good peo ple over there, after alt. Important news Item from Dolph In the Tillamook Independent: The elec tion passed off very quietly In Dolph. Soma went wet, and will remain so for a while. Amity Advance: Ths editor and fam ily acknowledge sn invitation to tsrke Thanksgiving dinner with Rev. and Mrs. J. H, Douglas, which waa accepted and appreciated far mors than these simple words express. Ths hoataas haa certain ly established her reputation aa a cull nary artist of tha first class with tha editor and family. Condon Tlmea: The Morrow county courthouse cost the taxpayers 66.tsi0.10. Thay havs a fins courthouse, and com parisons are odious, ws "know; but Gil liam county haa a fine, well-furnished courthouse that cost ths taxpayers 217, 000. Kvently Gilliam's county OOUrt has studied closely tha principle of financial economy. Lake view Herald: Sometimes It la rather nlos to be a newspaper man, and at other tlmea It la not nearly ao nice. Laat Tuesday waa one of those nles times. F. L Ross called on us, and, be sides trestlng the office to applaa and a fins brand of cldsr, ho left some of ths good, hard stuff. Such things, however, do not happen very often in a printer's lifetime. I. N. Bare, of the I m nana, while con fined In the city Jail at Joseph, either accidentally or intentionally aet firs to the building and came near burning him self snd the grester part of the town. A strong wind was blowing at the time, and had the firs got a greater start several blocka of the town would have been destroyed. In fact, he and the town had a Bare escape. Prose song of the Bend Mullet In Did any country sver have finer weather than ths Deschutes valley? Ths con trast of this season with that of a year ago Is quits msrked, but ws are assured by old residents that this fsll rather than last Is ths type of ths season on ths Deschutes l-ast November nearly a foot of snow fell on the 6th. This year there have been but two really froaty nights up to this data. Prlnsvllle Review: At last we havs the assurance that Crooked rlvsr will do no more damage while on Its snnusl rsmpags to tha south approach to the truss bridge that cams so near being cleaned out in laat spring's freshet The county court haa awarded to Ed Harbin ths contract to preaerve tha approach agalnat all floods for the next five years and will allow him the aum of 1460 for his services. Tillamook Independent: The fellow who wrote up Tlllamok county for ths Evening Telegram evidently believes that whsn hs does tell a lis ha should tsll ths kind that nseds no label. He says thst ths county Is blessed with 6,000 school children, snd thst 800 bush els of potatoes are raised to ths acre. We know that our DeODle ara a-nnd stock, snd that our soil Is the rlchsst in mi suiiu, uui wny snuuia a man lis about It T The Rarest American Books From ths New Tork Sun. "I sm often asked." said a New York bookseller, "which Is ths rarest Araer lean book. "It la a puzzling question to snawer for a dossn different works might be named for example, the folio edition of the Columbus lattsr, the only known copy of which is In ths Lenox library on Fifth svenue, or Bayard's' Journal (New York: William Bradford, lCtl) the first book printed In this city, long supposed to be lost, but unearthed by an American girl In 1901 among Gov. Fletcher's papers In the archives of the Public Record office In London, where a unique copy had rested in obscurity since it was forwarded by the New York governor 211 years ago. To my mind, the rarest American book la the New England Primer, tho little Bible of New England,' aa It has been called, which is so rars that the earliest printed editions have vanished no one knowing, Indeed, when and where the first edition was actually issued. A few collectors think that the first edition wae printed in Cambridge, Mass., in 1668. basing their belief on a state ment made by Marmaduke Johnson, a printer In that town, who was suroroonrj before tha general court in Boston In September... IMS, to give an account of the books he had lately printed. In Johnson's answer, to the council he stated that 'he had printed the primer: and thla work may have been the long loat first edition of the book. No copy, however, haa ever bean found. "The late Paul Lelcestsr Ford, who published In 1897 an authoritative ac count of the New England Primer, be lieved that the flret edition was printed in Boston about 20 years later by Ben Jamin Harris, a Protestant publisher who came from London to Boston about tha year 1686. and there began to mcks and m" books. "Some time between 1687 and 1690 Mr. Foru fixed upon aa the date of the first lasus of the Immortal primer. Of "second Impression, enlarged,' thera the satisfactory proof of an advertiss- rr.ent, sn almanac laausd In 1690 an nouncing that such an edition 'is now In the 1 ress, sbd will suddenly be ex IBB. "Harris had already published in Eng nd The Protestant Tutor,' which seems to have been the legitimate pre- decetis of ths Nsw England Primer, and It Is a fair assumption that h changed ths name and out down tha slse of the 'Tutor' to meet in a busi nesslike way the pride and purses of New England. "The advertisement unearthed by Mr. Ford is the emy proof of Harris' con nection with the New England Primer. for all tli editions issued by him have disappeared. Ths earliest extant dl- lon which he could discover bears the date of 1727, having been printed in Boston in that year by Kneeiand A Green. The next edition known to him waa dated 1727, tha next 1786 and the next 1762. Since Mr. Ford's tragic death con tain research on the part or cree-l ora haa brought to light other editions. lthougb none bearing a date prior to 1 727 4ms been found. The list of known editions rHrted before the American revolution row Includes the following Issues: 1. Boston. 1727, printed by Kneeiand A Green. One copy known the one In ths Lenox library, lacking four leaves. f. Boston, 1726,- printed by T. Fleet. Not known to Ford. One copy known. In a private library In Brooklyn. S. Boston. 1T27, printed by T. Fleet. One copy known. In tha library of the late Cornel lua Vanderbilt. 4. Boston, 1728, printed by T. Fleet. One copy known, in a private library In Brooklyn. I. Boston, 1 746, printed by Rogers at Fowls. Not known to Ford. One copy known. In a prlvata library in Brooklyn. (. Germantown, Pa., 1764. printed by Christopher Bauer. Jr. Not known to Ford. One copy known, until recently In the possession of a New Tork Arm of rare book dealers. T. Boston, 17(1, printed by D. and J. Kneeiand. Not known to Ford. One copy known, in a private library In Boa ton. 8. Boston. 17(2, printed by 8. Adams. Ons copy known. In a private library In Brooklyn. 9. Boston, 17(2, printed by T. and J. Fleet. Not known to Ford. One copy known, in tha private library of the lata Bishop Hurst. 10. Boston, 17(7, printed by W. Mc Alpine. Not known to Ford. Ons copy known, until recently In ths possession Of a Now Tork firm of rare book dealers. II. Boston. 17(8, printed by John Per kins. Ons copy known. In ths prlvata library of ths lata Cornelius Vander bilt. 12. Boston. 1770, printed by William McAlplns. Two copies known one In the Vanderbilt library and one in a pri vate library in Hartford. Conn. 12. Boston. 1770, printed by John Boyle. One copy known, in a public library In New England. 14. Boston, 1770, printed by John Per kins. Not known to Ford. One copy known, which was sold In Boston lsst spring for 8140. 16. Boston, 1771, printed by John Per kins. Not, known to Ford. One copy known, in the private library of the lata Bishop Hurst. 16. Boston, 1771, prlntsd by Thomas Lsvsrstt. One copy known, In tha pri vate library of the lata Blahop Hurst. 17. Boston, 1771, printed by Kneeiand A Adams. Not known to Ford. Ons copy known. In the library of the lata Bishop Hurst. 18. Boston. 1771, "sold by ths Printer and Bookseller " One copy known, la a public library In New England. It. Boston, 1774, printed by John Boyle. Not known to Ford. Ons copy known, which wss sold in Boston laat spring. 20. Providence, R. i 1776. printed by John Waterman. Two copies known one In the Lenox Library and ons In a private library at Hartford. Conn. "Certainly the New England Primer Is ths rarest American book. Here we have 20 editions printed before the Revolu tionary days, snd, with two excsptlons, each edition la reproaentad today by a unique copy, "Notwithstanding ths most careful aearch by a multitude of investigators In all ranks of life, and the moat ex pensive advertising, perhaps, ever given to sny book In ths reading columns of hundreds of newspapers all over tha United States, no more than this score of edttlona ara extant at the present time. -l. "It la easy to understsnd how the early editions have disappeared. All collectors know how difficult It Is t j find old school books, snd ths Nsw En gland Primer, which waa used both ss a text book for primary training and aa an elementary spiritual guide, Waa lit erally thumbed out of existence. 'The value of copies bearing early dates la wonderfully high. In 187(. when little attention was paid to tha book, tha Lenox library gave 86 for a eopy of the edition of 1727, the earliest known. Two yssrs ago firm of rare book oeaiers in mis city gave 61.600 for a copy of ths edition of 1786, tha second earliest known, selllna- it at a cons Id erabls advance on that aum to a prlvata collector In Brooklyn. "No oodv of an earlv edition has oc curred for sals in ths open market for a long period, and the auction value of such a copy Is difficult to esttmsts. 11 would assuredly bring a long price I ths auction room, for thla little book, ones disregarded aa a worthless trifle, la now prised aa tha rarest American book.' December 1. The wind was from ths northwest, and the whole party engaged in picketing the fort. About 10 o ciock the half-brother of the man who had been killed, came to Inform us that six Sharhaa or Chaysnns Indiana had ar rived, bringing s pipe of peace, and that their nation waa three days' march be hind them. Three Pawnees had accom panied the Sharhaa, and the Manaans. being afraid of the Sharhaa on aocoui of their being at peace with tho Sioux, wlahed to put them and the three Paw nees to death; but the chiefs had for bidden It, as It would be contrary to our wishes. We gave him a preaent of to bacco, and although from his conuextlon 1th the sufferer he was more em bittered agalnat tha Pawnees than sny other Mandan, yet he seemed perfectly satisfied with our pacific counsels ana advice. The Mandana, we observed, call all tha Rlcaraa by ths nams of Pawneea, the name of Rlcaraa being that by wnicn tho nation distinguishes Itself. in the evening ws were visited by a Mr. jienaeraon, wno came rrom ine nun son Bay company to trada with ths Mlnnetarce. He had been about eight days on hta route, in a direction nearly south, snd brought with him tobacco beads, and other merchandise to trade for furs, and a few guna which ara to be exchanged for horses. row ja OF OAJ6AOAJ6T Correspondsncs of ths New Tork Sua The news that A. F. Jaurette. an American clttsen. la to bo expelled from Venesuela did not surprise anybody at the stats department. The report of his latest dismissal waa merely the repe tition of an old story. Every American who visits Caracas geta acquainted with Jaurett. Ha la a' good man to know, not only for his per sonal characteristics but because he is always Invaluable in an emergency. Does ths Amsrican need money.' Jau rett will find a way of getting It for him. Would ha like to see the real society of Caracas? Jaurett will In troduce him If Jaurett la satisfied that ha Is all right. Ia ths government suspicious that ths American has revo lutionary designs? Jaurett will fix It with fne ministry. Jaurett is one of the editors or tne Venezuelan Herald, a Caracas newspaper printed In English and Spanish. Hs Is also the correspondent of a great many newspapers In Europe and America. When English. German anil Italian suuadrons were blockading Venezuelan ports .three years ago and the Ayes u.fl republic, Jaurett .had . a;, monopoly 'for a, time of supplying news to nearly alt the big papers of thla ocuntry and the conti nent of Europe. "A few hundred ' mora for the poor Jaurett," he would say aa ha deposited each of tha many drafts that came to him from newspaper busi ness offices. Hs waxed fat on his work. Tha policy of his Caracas paper waa In accord with that of the Venezuelan gov ernment and Jaurstt waa a favorite in official circles. Everything waa coming hta way. Prior to that time Jaurett had been frequently In trouble with the Venezu elan authorities. Dispatches sent by him to foreign newspapers were often regarded' by tha government aa objec tionable, and Jaurett was alwaya called upon to explain. One American minister to Caracas has said that much of his work there waa to persuade ths authori ties not to deport him. Ths breesy newspaper man seemed to like worry ing the powers that be. Ha said what he thought and said it in vlgoroua lan guage. One narrow escape from depor tation did not deter him from risking another. According to the Information received by the state department. Jaurett'a latest difficulty haa arisen from the publication In hla paper of several articles In de fense of the New Tork A Bsrmudes company, whoae asphalt properties la Venesuela were confiscated by ths gov ernment President Castro is waging a bitter war against ths company and Jaurett'a attacks on hla course angered him. If Jaurett Is actually deported, ha will go probably to Curacao or soma nearby place and wait there for a change In the rather shaky Castro administration. Then ha will return to Caracas to re sume his lively career. Jaurett'a father was a French en gineer. The aon obtained American cit izenship snd drifted to Caracas. Ha was poor whsn hs reached there, but It was not long before he became pros perous. CALXYOaUriA'B From the Sacramento Union. A decade ago annual wheat shipments from San Francisco sggrsgatlng 820, 000,000 a year and more were not un common. But of late years shipments have steadily decreaaed until for the first nine months of ths prsasnt year they aggregated only about 8800,000, aa against 81. 880,000 for tha same period laat year. To ths whsat shipments must be added flour, but for ths first nlns months of both 1903 and 1804 flour shlpmsnts from San Francisco aggre gated less than 88,200,000. Tha flgurea show the extraordinary decline in Cali fornia wheat shipments. In ths mean time, Puget sound shipments have been Increasing by leaps and bounds. For ths first nlns months of 1908 the flour shipped from Puget sound ports wss valued at 84,412.649; for the same nine months thla year the Puget sound ship ments aggregated 84,116,182, showing that Puget sound is beating California two to one on flour shipments, moat of wSto Is going to the orient. But the showing Is not to the dis advantage of California; It Indicates, In fact, decided progress In the state's de velopment. When San Francisco was shipping 880,000,000 and more worth of grain a year California was a land of enormous grain fields, snd little else In the agricultural or horticultural line. Ths yeera during which California wheat shipments havs declined have witnessed the gradual cutting up of the large wheat fields Into orchard and garden tracts To be sure, wheat ship ments have fallen away almost 820, 000.000 In value, but to take their place have come shlpmsnts of vegetables, of citrus fruits, of deciduous fruits, both fresh snd dried, dairy products and tha like. Lsst year, for example, from orchards lying within a radlua of a hun dred miles of Sacramento were shipped deciduous fruits to the value of 210 -000.000. which equals half tha falling away In value of California's grain ship ments. Added to this, the value of dried deciduous fruits shipped, of vegetables, of citrus fruits, and It will be seen that California has not loat by sacrificing her grain fislds for orchards and amali farms. j I , - Lewis and Clark I - y B Cranberries in the Northwest (Emma Seek I e Marshall In Sunset Mag aarne. ) Roaat turkey without cranberry sauce In tha holiday season Is about as tame aa roaat goose minus a dressing flavored with saga and onions. Ths two articles of food, are as closely allied on a bill of fare aa pork and apple sauce, loa cream and cake or coffee and doush- nuta. and the poor wayfarer of ths slums expects nis cranberry sauce with hla Christmas turkey at, the charity dinner Juat as confidently as doaa the trust magnate In hla palatial home. Yes, if either ons give a thoua-ht to the home of tha berry 'It Is with a hasy Idea of having heard It associated with the name Cape Cod. Thua It la that when a stranger pauaea in the markets of the northwest cltlea to Inspect ths trays of beautiful berries marked "Ore gon cranberrlea." or "Washington cran berrlea." the eager storekeeper speedily assures him that tha local products are just as nns ss ths Capo Cod berries: not as largs. of course, but reallv of a. better flavor." Cranberries are found In the colder sections of ths northern hem isphere wherever there ara paat bogs or panuy marsnes. em tne Amsrican conti nent they grow on tho shores of ths Great Lakes and along tha Atlantic sea board from Canada to Virginia, being flneat, perhapa. In the neighborhood of Cape Cod, while on tha ahorea of the Pacific their habitat la western Oregon and Washington. It lr true that the berries grown on the western coaat are smaller than those of ths famous eastern cranberry marshes, but this may be because ths In dustry Is yet In Its Infancy, for it Is only within the past few years that It haa been considered in the light of aa Industry. It hss slways been a well known fact that the boga of Oregon and Waablngton abounded In wild cranberries, but It wss long before an adventuroua individual waa found who. waa willing to take hla life in his hand and make an experiment to ascertain whether the bright hued berries dotting ths trailing vines In tha marshes were really fit for food or were Juat tempting fruit sprssd broadcast by the Death Angel to lure ths foolhardy. When the conditions are right cran berry culture la a paying business. Ths berries, being firm, are good shippers, and there Is little likelihood of loss In transit. Nevertheless the Industry will not Increase very rapidly until there ara better and more dependable facilities for freight transportation. More attention la being paid to the business of growing cranberries In Tilla mook and Clatsop counties than In any other section of Oregon, although C. D. -McFarlln haa a very productive acreage In cranberries in the vicinity of Marsh field, In Coos county. Peat bogs ara considered to bo best adapted to this business. The bog must be drained to M&Rf& ,he surface, and wTTlcjt h cWWf7ln?ffe plant. ; under cultivation if the best results sr desired are then sst out. four in a hill. about a foot apart. Plants yield most abundantly from ths third to the tenth year and will then- average 200 bushels to the acre. When It Is known that 8? 50 par bushel is a good average price, the profit. airer tne tttbt cost nas been rrmae up. can easily be estimated. The first cost ia really the only expense except pick ing, and thla varies according to the locality. Cranberry culture might b called a one-man industry, sine ons man can easily handle a ten acre marsh, except during harvest, whan ha secures hslp from tha adjacsnt ranches or from the Indiana. Picking beglna early In October and lasts from two to three weeks. Ths same method of harvesting la In vogue on many of tha marshes that la used in th east A rake shaped Implement, called a cranberry gatherer, Is used to raise ths vlnss and collect the berries in a bag or box attached to the rake- but some growers prefer to hire all the pickers they can get and let them plok by hand In tha same primitive way that strawberries or any other small fruit is picked. As the bogs are kapt drained all aummer. It will readily be seen that thera la little discomfort at tending picking. When the season Is over the water la turned on the vines and they ara kept flooded all winter. The harvest sssson Is really a plcnlo aaon for the pickers, particularly If tha weather la pleasant, which It usually Is st that tlms of year. Camping out In the order of life and conviviality la the feature of the evenings. Who shall say What romances have their beginnings and their endings during these seasons of outdoor companionship, what heart burnings and Jealousies are engendered; what revelattona of character made? There la ilttle of frivolity and urban ex citement In the Uvea of tha ranchers of the coaat counties, but heart interest, with its attendant delight and tortures, Is as strong. If not stronger, her aa In metropolitan centers, and it may be that the sauce that gives relish to ths mis anthropic old bachelor's Christmas tur ky waa th Joint picking of a pair of hands on a distant peat bog, that pauaed often' In the course of tha work to in dulge In a surreptitious pressure that ssld more then words could have dona. BLOOD AJTD TBUBD1 Hooks women teachers like: "How to B a Gentleman." by Marga ret Haley. 'How to Propose," by Catherine Gog gln. "Little Algy's Tea Party." "Fldo and tho Torch Light" "Santa and the Gas Man " "Eva and ths Moon." "Queen Bess and Her Doll." "Memories of Lincoln Park." Booka men teachers like: "Her Guilty Crtms." "Drug from Her Bed and Struck with a Stab Knife." "Mead wood Dick, th Tlghtrop Stretcher." "Alone In St. Louis." "Ons Night In Ten Bar Rooms " "Carter Harrison's Secret." "Ed I .a birr, or th Boy Campaign sr." I wish ws had mora msn teaching literature In the schools. Women, ss a rule, do not like vigorous stories which contain some element of blood snd thun dsr. I used to think that "Jack, th Qlsnt Killer" might corrupt a child, but I do not think ao now. Women are afraid of physical horror, and in thla respect we find men's taats in literature mors heroic. Prof. W. D. McCllntock of the University of Chicago. O FOB OOV t From the Wasco News Th wis are slready casting shout for a man to beat Governor Chamber lsln. If th Republicans put up the right kind of a man he will be elected, but th party managers will do well to remember th lesson of ths last stats election. Ths people of Oregon are past swallowing yellow dog st ths diction of ths bosses. Chsmberlsln hss made a good officer, and unless ss good or better man is put on ths Republican ticket, hs will be r-elscUd,