Editorial Page of TEe Jon
31
SUNDAY NOVEMBER U. WO.
PORTLAND. OREGON.
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL
AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
C. S. JACKSON
PUBLISHED BY JOURNAL PUBLISHING CO.
JNO. . CAtrMU.
BUILD THE PORTAGE ROAD.
THE JOURNAL withet to sound a note of warn
ing to thoe interested in the successful com
pletion of the portage railway at The Dalles.
From various quarters come rumors of the work of
tome fine Italian hand. In one quarter it will be sug
gested that it will only affect the rates along the Co
lumbia River and that the interior will receive no bene
fits. From another, that Washington and Idaho arc not
doing their share. From another that personal sub
scriptions should not be asked anyway, and from still
another that the canal will be built anyhow and there
fore it is useless to do anything on the portage railway.
With all the earnestness at our command we warn the
people of this state against the insidious methods being
employed and the gum shoe campaign being waged
against this great and necessary work. The work being
done is so slearly that of agents of those bitterly op
posed to the portage scheme in fact is so plain that
no one need be deceived by it. H the portage railway
will not produce the results claimed for it by its sup
porters, why this never ending warfare against it?
It will, when in operation, reduce rates, not only along
the river, but to every interior point. How can any
railroad reduce rates, say to Arlington, without a corre
sponding reduction to Condon or to Umatilla with such
reduction to Pendleton? Such a procedure would arouse
art antagonism and resentment, that not even the great
est of corporations could stand before the storm.
Again this portage road would lead to the building of
roads to the interior. In what other way couia me
railroad control the traffic? If it permits the freight to
be hauled to the river, the boats would get their share.
If it builds to the farm it will probably get the haul.
The Journal believes this road should have been in
operation long ago, but the only- successful method of
building such a road is to build it. The Open River
association has been doing a great work, and its hands
should be upheld by everyone. It should be aided, not
thwarted, in its efforts. We speak of this now as the
nearer the end approaches the more determined and
dangerous, though secret, will be the opposition.
Attempts will be made to divide the people ort geo
graphical lines, on adverse interests and in all the de
vious ways known to the class of "diplomats" who are
hired to defeat measures such as this. There is much
to do in this state to properly open it up, but only one
thing can be done at a time. Let the pprtage railway
be successfully inaugurated and there will be more heart
to take up the next project. Let all stand together, and
the result is certain.
THE RAILROADS AND THE PEOPLE.
FVERY IMPARTIAL OBSERVER of the trans
, Donation question feels that the day is close at
hand when the question of government super
vision or ownership will be a most troublesome one and
to the thoughtful man the outlook is not re
insuring. For this condition there is no one
to blame but the railroad operators. Recogniz
ing this, feeling there appears fr,om time to time in news
papers either controlled by or closely affiliated with the
railroad interests, inspired editorials pointing out the
barren results flowing from the appointment of rail
road commissions or other method of control or regula
tion and the disastrous consequences that always come
from what is commonly termed railroad legislation.
In the past there has been aome foundation for the
argument that natural competition would solve these
intricate problems. This argument can no longer be
advanced, however, for competition has now virtually
ceased and combinations rule the roost. In the early
history of railroad development managers operated on
the basis that, the ownership being in private hands, the
rules, rates and regulations were such as they chose to
fix and establish regardless of the interests of the pub
lic. The thought that the state or national government
could exercise any control was not given a moment's
consideration. The result, as every one conversant with
the situation knows, was the development of the rebate
system, the farming out of special privileges, building up
one town and tearing down another, favoring this ship
per and blacklisting that, until the whole system became
intolerable. This in turn gave rise to a counter move
ment, the so-called "granger" legislation, which firmly
imbedded in the law the principles governing common
carriers and placed beyond question the right of state
and nation to legislate upon rates and to more clearly
and sharply define the duties and obligations of such
carriers.
There has never been a time, however, when the rail
roads have frankly accepted the law and honestly acted
under it. The prerogatives so highly prized, the arbi
trary powers so freely exercised, were not to be lightly
surrendered. The consequence has been that at all
times and everywhere complaints against rates favoritism
and violated laws have been freely and frequently made.
These complaints have not come from soreheads, Pop
alutts or chronic kickers, but on investigation have been
found valid and justified and adjudged to be the facts
by the highest courts in the land. Practically, every re-
; port of the interstate commerce commission bristles
with accusations of deliberate law breaking and evasion
of the law and duties as common .carriers. If these'eon
ditions existed and were flagrant when there were many
competing railroads, what will be the results under the
monopolistic conditions now existing? Where are trie
people now to look for relief? Who is strong enough
to check and curb the power of these mighty corpora
tions? That they need not be curbed is to assume that
they will tlot use this power, that it will not grow and
expand with its use, a conclusion totally at variance
with all human experience.
, In this state as in many others every transportation
line is owned or controlled by one interest which is
locally represented by employe. The roads are op
erated and the country developed not in relation to local
conditions,, but as part of a great system of which that
located in any one state it but a small part of the 'whole.
In building new lines the railroadoperator will look at
it from the "long haul" standpoint and not from the
standpoint of the local or state interests involved. Lines
will be built not as the country requires them, but when
it suits the head of the system. No other railroad can
be built Into certain territory because, it is already pre
empted by the System which occupies it, either by virtu
of agreement or the strong arm of consolidation. Vir
tually, therefore, the country is st the mercy of the rail
roads which already enjoy powers and immunities which
the people would not willingly concede to the most
beneficent autocrat.
Thinking men see this and are giving the gravest
thought to a remedy. What is feared by many is an
irresistible 'demand for government ownership, and
thrre are those Who believe that this condition is what
the great railroad magnates arc really seeking to bring
about with the purpose of selling to the government st
greatly inflated prices and retiring with strong boxes
filled to overflowing with government securities. The
average business man does not favor this plan, but it is
recognized on all sides that something must be done and
that soon. The people will not always permit their plan
for relief to be balked, the development of the country
retarded and its growth checked by interests foreign to
their own and which they can measurably control. It is
an undisputed fact that every line of hostile legislation
has been provoked by the action of the railroads them
selves. The people have never taken the initiative. It
is a far cry from the unrestrained control of railroads jo
years ago to the Northern Securities decision of last
year. Mentime in this direction, as well as others, the
people are keeping step with the progress of events .and
those who. fear government ownership would do well to
look for other solutions of this great problem. The peo
ple are not taking as decrees from heaven editorials in
any newspaper. They are thinking for themselves be
cause these conditions are being brought each day
closer to their own doors, so to speak, and many of those
most interested, in a material sense, in the outcome,
have little appreciation either of the depth or extent of
public feeling on this subject. Like all other great
questions it will never be settled until it is settled right.
The tendency in recent years has all been in the one
direction. As the conditions grow more acute the pop
ular movement will grow swifter and swifter in its ac
tion, perhaps mofe radical in its tone. On the whole it
seems to us wiser to conciliate and frankly concede what
is justly due the public, rather than to fly in its face and
invite reprisals.
A TEXT PROM SAINT PAUL. 1
ALL RELIGIOUS EXPLORERS and teachers
agree that Saint Paul, whose writings and
preaching fill so large a part of the New Tes
tament, was the greatest preacher and teacher of the
early church. He was evidently a man of great and
well cultivated brain. Though an enthusiast, he was
extremely practical; though intensely in earnest in a
c;.use that he espoused, he was always firm-footed and
logical. In these days he would have made a great law
yer as well as a great preacher. After his sudden and
as he believed miraculous conversion while on his wsy
to Damascus to continue his work of the persecution of
Christians, he became as zealous an advocate of Chris
tianity as he had been its enemy. Everybody always
knew where h- stood There was no middle ground or
straddling for him. His defense of himself before Felix,
before Festus, and at last before King Agrippa, we may
well believe from the summary of it reported, was a
masterly one; it was so much, so that Agrippa said at
its close: "Almost thou persuade st me to be a Chris
tion." But it was years before this, in the earlier por
tion of the period of the persecutions of Paul that he
uttered the text that we had in mind in' thus alluding to
him. He said on that occasion, when he had been ac
cused of various indefinite crimes and misdemeanors.
"I am a man which am a Jew of Tarsus, a city in
Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city, and I beseech thee
suffer me to speak unto the people."
And speak he did; Paul knew that if he could get the
people's ears he could make an impression. Afterward,
it will be remembered, he refused to go from Ceserea to
Jerusalem to be tried, but stood on his rights as a
Roman-citizen, and appealed unto Caesar himself.
Paul 'was undoubtedly one of the world's great figures,
and he never forgot that he was not only . a Roman
citizen, who could not be condemned without being in
formed of the accusation against him and given a
chance to defend himself, but he also remembered not
only his race and his religion, but that he was "a citizen
of no mean city."
This is a good text for every citizen of Portland,
whether traveling abroad or staying at home, to refhern
ber; atnt'tcrthiWk over, and to help in all convenient
ways, at least, to make true: "I am a citizen of no mean
city."
Somehow one, it seems to us, can and should take a
proper pride in this. A city, like an individual, though
perhaps not in so distinguishable and definable a way,
not in such exact features or characteristics, hss its pe
culiar character, made in part by its physical environ
ment, but chiefly by the characterv sentiments, energies,
efforts, ideas and aspirations and degree of fraternity of
the bulk of its citizens.
Size is not all, though that counts for much, in the
world's eye, especially at a distance; we should there
fore work in all ways for a greater population. Com
merce is not all, though important, and every possible
effort should be made to increase foreign commerce
and domestic trade. Great fine buildings are not. all,
though they are indicia that are eloquent evidence.
Education, the arts, science, religion, ethics and aesthet
ics must have a prominent place, ere we can stand up
and proudly boast: -''I am a citizen of no mean city."
We do not know how large or good a city Tarsus
was at that time; we have no record to show just what
of good and greatness, or of littleness and evil, were
there; some of both, no doubt; but Paul had been a
traveler; he was a' scholar; and somehow we have al
ways had an idea that from his remark Tarsus must
have been an exceptionally good town, else he would
not have alluded to it in this way.
The moral of this little sermon is plain: Let us have
here "no mean city," in any respect. Make it not only
a great city in population, in commerce and trade, in
manufactures, in business of all kinds, but a great not
able city in point of cleanliness and beauty, and moral,
in point of good government, in point of progress to
ward ideal municipal conditions.
Make Portland such a place that the children of this
generation, when they have grown up and travel abroad,
i'i eastern cities, in Europe or Asia or South America,
or wherenot, can truly and proudly say, and mean it in
every sense, as did Paul of Tarsus: "I am a citizen of
no mean city."
MISS JOHNSON'S SHORT HISTORY.
ALONG-EXISTING popular demand for a brief,
comprehensive history of Oregon, suitable for
use in the upper grades of the public schools of
the state, was urgently voiced by some of our leading
educators st the annual meeting of the State Teachers'
association held in Portland last June. The sentiment
of the teachers favoring the introduction into the schools
of the study of Oregon history took tangible form at
that time in the adoption of formal resolutions setting
forth the desirability of every pupil in the public schools
ot the' state becoming familiar with the leading facts of
the state's history, and more particularly the achieve
ment of Captains Lewis and Clark, and respectfully ask
ing the state textbook commission to select a book
adapted for such study.
In this connection the Isck of a history suitable for
the purpose was a most regrettable fact, for it was snd
is urgently desirable, or rather necesssry, thst it be made
known now, through the public schools, what the Lewis
and Clark exposition commemorates, and what rela
tively it the importance in the origin of the state of that
first journey by white men to the Pacific ocean. For
tunately this lack no longer exists, fof we hsve now,
just from the press of McClurg & Co., of Chicago, "A
Short History of Oregon," compiled by idona V. John
son of this city, 'which has everything to commend it to
the educator .for school use, as well as to the general
rrader desirous of being well informed concerning Ore
gon's most interesting beginning and early history.
The critic will look in vain for historicsl errors, lit
erary crudities, or the citation of unimportant and insig
nificant facta which constitute the greater part of vo
luminous history. Continuity without verbosity, con
ciseness without curtness, and clarity with accuracy
characterize this most acceptsble history of our state,
which has already won the scholarly approval' of Dr.
Joseph R. Wilson, who has decided to use it as a text
book in the Portland academy.
The last school year preceding the opening of the
Lewis and Clark exposition is fast slipping by, and if
the young people of the state are to have an opportunity
to study Oregon history and become clearly and intel
ligently conversant with the historical significance of
our forthcoming exposition before the people of Port
land are called upon to welcome the many vititors at
tracted hither by our celebration of the centennial an
niversary of western exploration, no time should be lost
by public school officials' in emulating the alert and ap
preciative action of Dr. Wilson.
DIED OP HEART FAILURE.
A DISPATCH Wednesday announced the sudden
death in Alaska, of heart disease, of Ex-Judge
and Ex-Mayor Thomas J. Humes of Seattle
Once a prominent lawyer, for awhile a judge, and three
times mayqr of Seattle, he went in his old age to Alaska,
broken in fortune though apparently not in spirit, to
gain another fortune. Only a few days before his death
he suffered a heavy lot's, for one in his circumstances,
by fire, but procured another outfit and recommenced
the fight. But suddenly, without warning, he fell dead
of "heart failure."
Perhaps, as nearly as a grizzled and battle-scarred
man may, he died of a broken heart. Not, we may be
lieve, on account of political disappointment, or even
the loss of a fortune; not, perhaps, because he had main
tained a wide-open policy as mayor of Seattle, to its
unenviable notoriety he always plainly announced his
policy beforehand; but more likely on account of hit
terns. They, it may well be believed, brought down hit
gray hairs not only suddenly, but in sorrow to the
rave.
Humes' policy at mayor wit wrong, we think, but he
was a true man; he did just what he said- beforehand he
would do. He was a man of a big, warm heart, that
felt kindly toward all the world, and loved his own off
spring not wisely, but too well.
While mayor and ex-officio head of the police de
partment of Seattle, two of his sons, who had given him
much trouble before, were caught 'in a serious crime,
punishment for which they might have evaded, it wat
said, if he had said the word, but he would not. It was
a hard straggle it) that father's big heart when these
wayward youths' mother and titter plead with him with
entreaties and tears to save them, but the official con
quered the father, and with a hero's courage he said,
at he wept with wife and daughter: "It it impoitible.
I love them at yon do, but thit it not their firtt offense,
and as mayor of thia city I mast do my duty."
He did his duty. He saw thenceforth his sons pub
licly and perpetually disgraced, and every day beheld a
srief stricken wife and daughter who possibly, in looks
at least, reproached- the father more than they admired
the officer. So he want up north, with his white hair
and troubled mind, to straggle life anew. But the strag
gle was too much.
"Heart failure I" Yes, and no wonder.
There is a large lesson here; aye, two; one for child
ren, one for parents. These lessons lie on the surface;
one may read them as he runs. Boys, it is not only
yourselves you rain when you ttart out on a criminal
or vicious career; you break your fathers' and mothers'
hesrts. Parents, beware of your boys snd girls, too;
too much indulgence may work their ruin, and your
deep and agonizing sorrow and shsme.
"Heart failure"; how many mental and moral as well
at physical diteatet are covered up in this term!
THE TANNER CREEK SEWER.
ENOUGH has already developed to warrant the
property owners in declining to pay a single
dollar until the mystery of the Tanner creek
sewer is cleared up and it has been made plain that that
work has been done according to tpecificationt. There
it no clatt of work that should be more thoroughly done
or more rigidly inspected than work of this tort. The
contequence of accidents, whether arising from cautet
over which there is no control or because of defect in
the work itself, was very clearly demonstrated in this
sewer latt tpring when the 'overflow did to much dam
age. After having paid the money for a good job and
after having made a very liberal allowance for extras
not originally contemplated or provided for, it is only
reasonable and right to demand that the work in every
respect come up to the specifications.
Notwithstanding the reiterated statements of the city
engineer that the job was in every respect fully op to
the demands of the contract enough is now suspected by
the general public and actually known to those who
have made an official investigation to realise that it has
fallen short, perhaps grievously short, of what the con
tract called for. Neither is it unwarranted to assert that
the experienced public is disinclined to accept without
question any statement which the city engineer will
hereafter make. ei -
Betidet thit, those guilty of practicing imposition on
the public, those who pasted work which was not up to
the standard, must be held accountable for their dere
liction and punished accordingly.
Hypnotism and
Bad Children
IN a paper read before the convention
of Mothers' clubs at Sandy Hill,
N. Y., Dr. John Quackenboa of New
York, said: "Children, as a rule,
are mors Impressionable than adults,
and the fulfillment of suggestions given
to them la more pronounced and more
permanent. Hers the result ot sugges
tion amounts practically to regeneration,
moral perversity not having became
fixed by the Indulgence of years.
"In the training ot children tactful
suggestion has power to exalt both the
Intellectual and ethlco-spirltual nature.
Differences induced by objective educa
tion may be obliterated; and the funda
mental endowments of that finer spirit
ual organ la which under God we have
our highest being endowments con
ferred by Deity on all human souls with
out favor and without stint dominate
the Intellectual life. ,
"The Divine image Is supreme In the
child, and creative communication on the
broadest lines and the most exalted
planes becomes possible. The principles
of science, of language, of music, of
art, are quickly appropriated and perma
nently retained for post-hypnotic expres
sion through appropriate channels. Con
fidence in talent Is acquired, and em
barrassment, confusion, admission of in
feriority are banished from the objec
tive life by placing the superior self in
oontrol.
"Many children are contrary, disobedi
ent, lacking in reverence for superiors,
troublesome or destructive to an ex
treme. They are abnormally ungovern
able. ' Kindly persuasive measures, the
line upon line, precept upon precept
treatment Srs Inefficacious. Corporal
punishment Is equally Impotent to ac
complish reform. They are helplessly
graceless or wicked because they have
come Into the world under the spell of
some heterocllte impulse which compels
acts for which they ere- not responsible.
"In some instances the tendency Is dis
tinctly hereditary. These subjects, born
with brains perhaps capable of educa
tion, physically ars without stigma, lack
absolutely the will-power to resist temp
tation. Nor can that will-power be cre
ated and reinforced by the ordinary
means employed In the case of children
who "know better and yet are deliberate
wrongdoers,
"In al) such cases of inherited or ac
cidental mental deformity cast I sat Ion is
the remedy of fools. Ae well whip a
child for multiple fingers, knock knee
or spinal paralysis. The warped mind
can be straightened end strengthened
only by judicious suggestion: there is no
other known instrumentality through
which It can be speedily and permanent
ly modified.
'There -are children who are unnatu
rally stupid, of elugglsh Intellect, born
without the ordinary ability to concen
trate thought or rivet attention, with de
fective memories.' easily confused, em
barrassingly self-ponsrlous, -so that the
mind becomes a blank under the pres
sure of a necessityfor reflection, or If
thoughts are there the vocal mechanism
refuses to express them.
"For these conditions, as well ee for
habitual indolence, disinclination to ex
ertion and cowardice, suggestion Is s
philosophical treatment.
"Bach mother in the land can make
her children what ehe wlahee them to
be, provided she be a woman of high
moral principle, gentle and patient, ap
prehensive of the power of transllmlnsl
appeal, possessed of courage to apply
It with Intelligent persistence snd hav
ing ardent faith In Its effectiveness.
And she may suggest with point before
her child is born. All mothers know, or
should know, the Influence of maternal
thoughts and feelings upon the nature
of expected offspring. The not uncom
mon selfish or even .inhuman attitude
of the prospective' mother toward an
unwelcome child Is a most fruitful cause
of disqualification and unbalance in the
young people of today.
"Suppose, however, the child has been
acceptable, yet develops as It grows a
degree of naughtiness sufficient to call
for Interference. How ehsll tho mother
proceed? Let her find a favorable op
portunity when the child Is aaleep for
the night remembering there Is no dif
ference as regards suggestibility be
tween natural sleep and the so-called
hypnotic trance let her take her place
by the bedside and begin In a Arm, low
voee to repeat the desired suggestions.
If the child be nervous snd awakens
at the sound In each of several trials, ad
minister some simple hypnotic suggested
by the family physician and patiently
await the action of the drug, sugges
tions given during sleep Induced In this
way are sure to be fulfilled.
"Let us assume that you have a 10-year-old
In consequence of whose de
structive Impulses, eternal restlessness,
flagrant disobedience, defiance of au
thority and developing untruthfulness
life is hardly worth the living- child
against whoae massive tendency to
wrongdoing neither parents nor teach
ers can in the least prevail. Correction
by -precept and merciless castlgatlon
have utterly failed to check the vlcioue
propensities. Do not hesitate to give
the boy a hypnotic at bedtime, so as to
insure his falling into a continuous
sleep, and formulate a suggestion to the
effect that he is no longer disrespectful,
untruthful, disobedient, neglectful of
his lessons, but that be will be affec
tionate snd attentive to bla mother's
requests, will win her love, wtth the
regard of the family and his teacher,
by a cheerful service and a career of
wholesome activity. A sudden change
of attitude will probably be noticeable
the exhibition of kindliness in the
home where before there had been noth
ing but " Ugliness and defiance, and
habits of thought concentration in
school. Instead of rambling.
"Suoh treatment should be repeated
every third or fourth night, as sugges
tion in such esses Is of the nature of
an education, .and must be persisted In
tor montha until the desired trend is
given permanently to the mental and
moral energies.
In.' similar cases you will encounter
no difficulty In awakening slumbering
affections, creating a desire for knowl
edge, inspiring respect for parents and
elders, and even In compelling a courte
ous anticipation of their wants and
wlahee on the part of apparently
thoughtless and Inattentive or ungrate
ful and reprobate children. Where
ability la present, but not applicable, the
results of such training seem almost
Incredible.
"Perhaps you have an older boy who
has become a slave to the cigarette, who
realises his danger and honestly desires
to escape from the thraldom and regain
hla capacity for useful service end for
happiness. Approach your eon in the
passlvenees of an appropriate sleep with
suggestions as follows:
" 'As a cigarette eaaokar you are not
at your best The habit of inhaling the
volatile poisons of tobkeco in the form
of smoke, whereby they are brought
Into Immediate contact with many hun
dred square feet of absorbing lung
tissue, is creating degenerate changes in
vital organs, especially the nsrve cen
ters. It le degrading the brain cell, so
that moral Inclination cannot be ex
pressed. It la destroying your memory
and disqualifying you for occupation.
" Tou do not need the cigarette. Tou
abhor it, you loathe it you fear it You
will no longer use It at the instigation
of habit to stimulate you quickly for
task and paatlme, nor at the solicitation
of friends to promote conviviality. You
will not take ,h" rlak "f tb dyspepsled.
nervous depression, irregular heart ac
tion, bronchial Irritation, eye defect and
premature paralysis which are the
legitimate results of excessive Inhala
tion. You will not accept the Intellec
tual torpor and moral destitution that
wait upon this practice. You are done
with the cigarette and all that It atanda
for forever The craving for it is killed
In your nature by the force of your own
decree. The odor of tobacco smoke Is
henceforth nauseating to you; the at
tempt to Inhale It will strangle you.
You will not miss It nor suffer the
usual conaequences attendant upon He
discontinuation. You are free.'
'The earnest application of sugges
tions like these will effect sn Immedi
ate cure. Kleptomania will yield aa
readily, and perversions that are as ob
jectively unmanageable by child or youth
as an epileptic attack.
"in the hands of wise persons sug
gestion may further be made a most
valuable accessory to . objective ethical
training in our reformatories, and If the
autborttlea In charge of Institutions
where the friendless young are cared for
would encourage as a part of the moral
curriculum the practice of hypnotic
suggestion on a high plane. There Is no
question thst in a few generations,
through the transmission of automatlo
impulses to right doing, crime would be
perceptibly lessened."
Woodburn Independent: Portland. It
Is said, new hae a population of lie,
000. That's enough to build new rail
roads and open up sections of Oregon
anxloue to get Into rail communication
with Portland.
Zangwill Is to
Plead for a Zion
fSy Kenrl Fens Dubois.)
Israel zanqwili. has reached
New York. Bald he:
"I am to plead for Zion, a new
nation of the Jews. They are dis
seminated among other nations and are
not happy."
1 "We though that they were happy
here," he was told.
"They need a new nation, formed of
themselves," he said. "Do you want the
6.000,000 Jews that ars to quit Russia,
since Russia Is good enough to consent
to let them got We know that you have
not room fm- them, sines we have been
warned that to send them hers would be
to awoken anti-Semitism In this "coun
try." "Can you believe that anti-Semitism
may become a rage here?" he was asked.
"Certainly." he replied. "Anti-Semitism
is race-hatred. It seems natural tor
raoaa to hate rase seethes "
"America doee not know race-hatred,"
he was told, "German, Swede, Italian,
are assimilated here easily. They are
not persecuted. Why should you fear
for the Jews?"
"Because they have not like the oth
ers," he replied, "governments to back
them. We want to establish such a gov
ernment, England offers to the Jews
400 square miles In British East Africa.
The territory le not excellent. There
ars wild animals. . But we must not ex
pect too much.
"The territory Is to be surveyed care
fully. Commissioners of the Zionists
have gone or are going there. They will
report soon. The Jews have to be
roused everywhere to appreciate that
We do not want money so much aa pub
lic Interest In the schema, -
"It is an Inevitable scheme. The
6.000.000 Jews that are to quit Russia
could not comply with your immigration
laws, even If they were not warned that
It would be dangerous for them to come
here. They ars poor. The, are unskill
ful, I fear.
"Many are fighting in the Russian
army. I do not know If they are fight
ing willingly. They are fair soldiers. I
do not have to tslk about the good quali
ties of the Jewe. Good or bad, the Jewa
have to make a government for them
selves somewhere. I am sure that the
Zionist movement le not well understood
In this country. .
"It la not to send the Jewe beck to
Palestine. Palestine Is barred to them.
And It isn't their country more particu
larly than Egypt. Zionism is only to
find a habitation somewhere for the
Jewish people."
"You know that Its power came of Ita
defeat," he was told. "Titus destroyed
Jerusalem to destroy the Jewish people,
and It Went around the world, teaching
evsrywhsrs ths Idea of justice that had
not yet come into the world."
"Yes, I know," replied Znngwiu. "and
imtlons learned eo badly the Jewish idee
of justice that we hsve aeon Klshlneff.
You see that It was necessary to form a
government which shall be strong in the
same way aa the forces of nature. The
world is not to the humble and the per
secuted." Mr. Zangwlll and hla wlfs are to be
the gueste here of Daniel Guggenheim.
Why the Byes Tiro.
One makes a great mistake by saying
that the eyes sre tired snd that the retina
or seeing portion of the eye Is fatigued.
This is not the case, for the retina hardly
ever gets tired. Ths fatigue Is in the
Inner and other muscles sttaehsd to the
eyeball and the muscles of accommo
dation which surround the lens of the
eye When a near object haa to be
looked at this muscle relaxes and allows
the lens to thicken. Increasing Its re
fractive power. The Inner snd outer
muscles are ueed In covering the eye on
the object to be looked et, the Inner one
being especially used whan a near object
Is looked at. It Is In ths three muscles
mentioned that the fatigue Is felt, and
relief is secured temporarily by closing
the eyes or gaslng at far distant ob
jects. The usual Indication of strain
Is redness of the rim of the eyelid, be
tokening a congested state of the Inner
surface, accompanied by some pain.
Sometimes this weariness Indicates the
need of glasses rightly adapted to the
person, and In other cases the true rem
edy Is to rub the eye and Ite surround
ings as far as may be with ths hand
wst In cold water.
In tke Modern
Battleship D oomea
(Ooerriget 104, by w. K. Beurst.)
(By Oeeutt Sanest von meveeHUew.)
IT le Interesting to eee the different
conclusions which naval experts
have arrived at after having studied
the naval battles fought during the
Russo-Japanese war. Many younger
naval officers, especially in Franc, make
the statement as does M. Alfred Duquet
In the Marine Franeaiae. that the heavy
armor dose net protect battleships
against tho projectiles fired by, heavy
guns, and think that in future wars the
torpedo will largely take the place ol
the heavy shells.
The naval officers Who make these
statements do not seem to eee thst they
are contradicting themselves.
If the armor of the modern battleship
does not proteot It against heavy sheila
it would evidently be foolish to give up
using these effective projectiles snd re
place them by torpedoes, which can only)
be used In comparatively close quarters.
If Prance should carry out the plana of
M. Alfred Duquet and other officers of
the so-called younger school and try to
meet a squadron of heavily-armored bat
tleships with lightly armored or un
arm or ed cruisers and torpedo boats, these
"ultra modern" vessels would be sunk by
ths battleships whUe still so far away
that they would never have a chanoe of
firing a single torpedo.
The naval engagements fought outside
Port Arthur prove this beyond any doubt
The heavily-armored parts of the vessels
have so far as known pot been damaged
at all, and only the exposed and lightly
armored parts have suffered, and one Is
forced to draw the deduction that the
battleships of the future must be heavily
armored everywhere, even If this has ta
be done at the expense of their large
guns, and that they must be built lower
than now, so as not 'to offer too large a
target
n ths last naval engagement at Port
Arthur the Russian squadron was by no
means destroyed or made unable tb con
tinue the fight but the commander-in-chief
lost his head, and that he was
court-martialed for this wss only simple
justice.
Furthermore It Is evident that the
Russian naval officers ware eo poorly
sohooled that they fan far below the
average. When the French naval of
ficers say that the war has proved that
battleahlpa do not assure superiority on
the sea. It seems to me that it has)
shown exactly ths opposite.
Ths Japanese are masters of the Yellow
Sea only because of their battleships, and
the only Russian ships which might
have been dangerous to them are bottled
up at Port Arthur. The activity of the
Vladivostok cruisers was only mads pos
sible because the Japanese navy was not
strong enough to blockade the two ports
st the same time, and because the Jap
anese admiral recognised that it was far
more Important to put the battleahtps at
Port Arthur out of action than to destroy
the cruisers at Vladivostok.
It la an absolute mistake to think that
swift unatrmored cruisers ars able to rule
the sea, because they are able to run
away from the heavier battleship If
these lighter vessels could carry an inex
haustible supply of coal It would be dif
ferent, but the more active they are as
destroyers the more they must depend n
coaling stations where they may fill their
bunkers when empty and they may easily
be prevented from entering these; stations
by battleships unless they are kept open
by battleships of their own side.
As I said before the cruisers of the
Vladivostok squadron would have been
ussliss If the Japanese had had battle
ships enough to blockade both ports at"
the same time.
It Is also said that battleships are
powerless against land fortifications and
that this fact has doomed them. It la
true that the battleships have not bean
able to silence the Russian forts at Port
Arthur, but it must be remembered that
there are few forts In the world as
strong as those which defend Port Ar
thur, which Is ta every respect an Ideal
naval station which would be of enor
mous importance to a power whloh pos
sessed a large squadron of battleships
commanded by first-class officers.
Under ordinary circumstances aot even
the strongest forts will be able to prevent
a blockade, as the enemy's ships to es
tablish this do not have U approaoh
within the range of the guns of the
forts.
A blockade can only be prevented by a
strong navy of battleships, which can
keep the enemy away and leave the way
open for commercial vessels. The battle
ship Is and will be for years to come the
only true foundation for. a strong navy,
while cruisers and torpedo boats are of
comparatively minor importance, and the
power which oessee to build battleships
will ta oase of a war sadly regret this
very serious mistake.
OOOT OF UYXM XM
From Harper's Magaslse.
Most of the houses on end near the
Leas are larger than the wont of Ameri
can houaea, and the arrangement much
more agreeable and sensible than that of
our average houses; the hallway opens
from a handsome vestibule, and the
stairs ascend from the rear of the hall,
and turn squarely, as they mount half
way up. But let not the Intending exile
suppose that thslr rents ars low; with
the rates and taxes, which the tenant al
ways paya in England, the rents are
fully up to those In towns of correspond
ing slse with ua. Provisions are even
higher than In our subordinate cities,
especially to the westward, and I doubt
if people live ss cheaply in Folkstone
as. say, in Springfield, Mass., dr. in Buf
falo. For the same money, though, they can
live more handsomely, tor domestic ser
vice in England is cheap add abundant
and well ordered. Yet on the other
hand, thsy cannot live ao comfortably,
nor, taking the prevalence of rheuma
tism Into account, so wholesomely.
There are no furnaces in theae very per
sonable houses; steam neat la undreamt
of, and the grates, which are ln -every
room, and are not of Ignoble else, scarce
suffice to keep the mercury above the
early '60s of the thermometer's degrees.
If you would have warm hands and feet
you must go out of doors and walk them
warm. It Is not a bad plan, and If you
can happen on a little sunshine out of
doors It is far better than to sit cower
ing over the grate, whloh has enough to
do in keeping Itself warm.
FBABTOTg AMD DOLL1BS
From the Chicago Tribune.
Investigation developed that Chicago
peanut consumers pay each day of the
year, Including Sundays, holidays, and
the picnic season, $1 0,271. 76 for peanuts
that actually cost f2,0l.7 a profit of
1.21tt
This Is shown by ths fololwlng peanut
statistics
Annual consumption In Chi
cago, pounds 15,000,000
Dally consumption, pounds
Sacks to pound
Wholesale oost per pound.
cents t
Cost to consumers, per pound,
cents
Consumers pay each day ... ,j
Cost each day
Dally profit
fl.Otf
IB
110.274
i.eti
1,631