THE OREGON . DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, MONPEY EVBNINO. 8 SEPTEMBER ,
,904.
. - 1
THE PEOPLE OR-THE PRESIDENT
I THE ISSUE, SAYS JUDGEPARKER
5 nom M. y eept. ta. Judge' par-
a,v. itiar. la which ba mmsU tba
nomination for the presidency of ths
United mates tsadersd by tb Dnr
erotic national oonvonlloa la ta fuU..aa
.follows: '
w T ts Honorable Champ CTark and
fthm, committee, eta.
v Gentlemen: In my reeponss to your
eommlttee, at the formal notlflcntloa
proceedings. I referred to some tt
pot mentioned tn this Utter. I deelre
tbt ttaeee he eMldirtd a incorporated
perela. and nfnl that lack of specs
prevents specifle reference to tbm all.
I with Mr, however, again to refer to
my views there expreessd aa to tha
gold standard, to declare again my un
uuallfled belief hi Mid standard, and to
express my spprectatlon of tha action of
tha convention la reply to my communi
cation spou thai subject. .
Grave public sues t tons aiw pressing
for decision. Tha Democratic party np
peals to tba paopia with eonfldanaa that
1U poalUoa oa thfaa questions will be
accepted and endorsed at tha polls.
While tha laaoaa Involve are numerous,
gonfs ataitd forth pre-eminent In tha
publle mind. Among these sre, tariff
reform. Imperialism, economical ad
ministration and honesty la tha publle
Service. 1 ahall briefly eonatdar thaaa
arid aotaa othara within tha necessarily
nrescrtbad limits of tbla letter.
WAIle t presented my views si tha
ot If teat ton proceedings concerning this
vital rasas, tha overehsdowlng Import
ance of this' quaatlon impcla ma to
refer to It again. Tha Issus la oftea
tlmes rafarrad M constitutionalism
vs. Imperial lam,
, If wa would retain our llbertlee and
constitutional rtghta unimpaired, wa
cannot permit or tola rata, at, any time,
or for any purpose, tba arrogaUon of un
constitutional, pawara by tha executive
branch of our government. We-should
a ever mlndfol of tha word of Web
atar, "Liberty la amy to be preeerved
by maintaining oonetltutional raatralata
and a fust dlvlatoa of political powers."
Already tha national government hes'
become centralised beyond any, point
contemplated or Imagined by tha found
ara of tha constitution. How tremen
dously all thla baa added to the power of
tha praeldeati It baa developed from,
ysar to year until It aim oat equals that
of many monarch. . While tha growth,
of our ooantrr and tba magnitude of
Interstate latereata may seem to fur
nish a plaualbla raaaoa for. thla eentrai
Isattoa of power, -ret theae aama facta
Afford the moat potent reason why-tha
executive should not be permitted to en
oroaca upon tba other departments of
the government, and assume leclalatlve,
or other powara, not expressly ( oon
Xerred by the oonatttutlon.
; The maamltuda of tha country and tta
diversity of Interests and population,
would enable a determined, ambitious
and able executive, unmindful of . pon
Atttutlona) limitations and fired with tba.
just tot power, to mo far In tha usurp
otlotr of authority and the assrandlaa
anent of personal power before the Sit
uation oould. be fully appreciated or
the people be aroused. " - " '
r Tha Issue of Impetisltam wWlch has
rm tb'ruat upon tba country Involves
declstoa whether the law of tha land
er the run of Individual eaprtoe ahall
govern. The principle of Imperialism
may tiva rise to brtlllanV startling,
dashing resulta, but the principle of
Democracy holds in ohaek the brUlUnt
executive and subjects- him 7to tha
-sober, conservative control of the peo
ple. Tha people of the United Ststaa
-stand at the parting of the ways. Shall
we follow the footsteps Of oar fathers
felon the paths of peace, prosperity and
contentment guided by the ever-living
plrlt ot t0 constitution which they
framed for us, or ahall we go along
ether and untried paths, hitherto
shunned by all, following blindly new
Ideals, which, though appealing with
brilliancy to the Imagination and am
bition, may prove a will o the wlap,
leading tta Into difficulties from which
It may be Impoastble to extricate our
selves without lasting injury to our na
tional oha meter and. Institutions , ,
: N Tha Tariff and Trust. '
; Tariff reform la one of the cardinal
prhtclples of the Democratic faith, and
the necessity for K wsa never greater
than at the present time. It should be
undertaken at once la the Interest of all
our people.
. Tha lXnjrtey tariff la excessive In
many of Its rates, and. aa to them at
least, unjustly and oppressively burdeno
the people. It secures ta domestic man
.u lecturers, singly or ta combination,
the privilege of ex acting excessive
prices at home and prices far above tha
level of sales made regularly by them
Abroad with profit, thus giving a bounty
to foreigners at tha expense' of our own
people. It levies oppressive and unjust
taxes npon many artietes forming, la
whole or part, the so-called raw material
of many of our manufactured producta,
not only burdening the eonaumer, but
aleo closing to the manufacturer tha
xoarfcets be nseds and seeks abroad. Its
omjust -taxation, burdens the people gen
orally, forcing, them to pay excessive
prlcee for food. fuel, clothing and other
nrrnaaarlrs of Ufa. It levies duties oa
many articles not normally Imported
In any oonetderable amount, prhlch ara
uuiU atAnalv!v at hlmiM tnr whlnh
the moat extreme protectionist would
' hardly Justify protective taxes, and
which in large amounts are exported,
.atach duties have been and will continue
ta be a direct incentive to tha formation
of huge Industrial combinations, which,
secure from foreign com petition, are
ana bird to stifle domestic competition
and practically to aaonopotlse the heme
market.
' It contains many duties imposed for
4ha sxprsse purpose only, aa was openly
avowed, of furnishing A beats for re
duction by. means of reciprocal trade
treaties, which tha Republican adminis
tration. Impliedly at least, promised to
negotlsta. Having, on this promise, se
cured the increased duties, the Repubti
can party leaders, spurred on by pro
tected Internets, defeated tha treatise
negotiated by the executive, and now
these same Interests ding to the benefit
of these duties which tha people never
Intended they should have, and ta which
tk k,v m moral rtht
Rven now the argument moat fre
eu rally urged ta behalf of tha Dingier
tariff, and against tarirr rerorra gen
riiv. is ths necessity of earing for
our Infant Industries. Many of theae
Disturbances of strikers aa not near
ly aa grave aa aa Individual disorder of
the system. Overwork, loss of sleep,
nervous tension will be followed by
ttav collapse, unices a reliable remedy
tm immediately employed. There's
no thine: so efficient to ears dlaorders
of the liver or kidneys aa Kleetrlc Bit
tera. It's a wonderful tonic, and effec
tive nervine and the greatest all. around
medicine for nut down systems. It dls
pels nervodsnesses, rheumatism am
neuralaia and expele malaria genua
Only toe Sod aatlefactlon guaranteed
ty Hd Croas Pharmacy, corner glxtA
id Oak. oaj the wag t tna aoatogaos,
The Power Now Assumed
Equals a Monarch's
Tlettertt Acceptance.-
Industries, after
hundred years
of
lusty growth, are looming up aa tadue
trlal giants. In their case, at least, tha
Dlngley tariff Invites combination and
monopoly, and gives Justification to the
expression that' tha tariff la tha mother
of trusts. -
For tha above-mentioned reasons.
among many others, ths people demand
reform of these abuses, and aucb re
form demands and should receive Im
mediate attention.
The two leading parties bsve always
differed as to the principle of customs
taxation. Our party has always ad
vanced tha theory that the object la
tha ralalnc of revenue for support of
the government, whatever other resulta
may incidentally flow therefrom, ine
Renubllcaa Dartv. on the other ' hand.
oontende that customs dutlsa should be
levied primarily for protection, so-called,
with revenue aa tha subordinate pur
pose, thus using the power of taxation
to build up tha business and property of
ths few st the expense of the many.
This difference of principle still sub
sists, but our party appreciates that tha
long-oontinuea policy or me country,
s manifested ta tta statutes, makes It
necessary that tariff reform should be
prudently and sagaciously undertaken,
on scientific prtn'mplea, to the end that
there should not be an Immediate ravo
latkm la existing ecndltlona
In the words of our platform wa de
mand la revision and a gradual reduc
tion of tba tariff by tha friends of the
msssns and for tha common weal, and
net by the friends of its abuses, Its ex
tortions and discriminations." f
It la true that tba Republicans, who
do not admit In their platform that tha
Dlnaley tariff needs the slightest al
teration, are likely to retain a majority
of the federal sonata throughout the
next presidential term, and oould, there
fore, tf they chose, block every attempt
at legislative relief. But It should be
remembered that the Republican party
Includes many revisionists, and I bc-
lleve it will shrink from defying the
popular will expreeeed unmistakably
and peremptorily at the ballot boa.
The people demand reform or existing
conditions. Since the last Democratic
administration tha coat of living has
grievously increased. Those having
fixed Incomes nave suffered keenly;
those living on wngsa. If share has been
any. tacresee, know that such Increase
has .not .kept pace with the advance tn
tha cost of. living, Including rent and
the neoeeeartee of Ufa. Many today are
out. of .work, unable to secure any wages
at alL To, alleviate theae conditions, la
so far as is la ear power, should be our
earnest endeavor. ;'-- V'i
I .pointed out la my earlier response
the remedy, wbloh la my Judgment, can
effectually be applied against monopo
lies, and the assurance was then given
that If eslsMtar 'laws. Including both
statute and common law, proved Inade
quate, contrary to my expectations. J
favor such further lrglalatien, wlthlr
constitutional limitations, as will bast
promote and safeguard tha Interests of
all ths people.
Whether there la guy ootnmoa law
which can be applied and enforoed ty
the federal courts, cannot be deter
mined by the president or by candidate
for the presidency.
Ttm determination of this ouestlon
waa left by ths people In framing the
costltutlon. to the Judiciary and not to
the executive. The supreme court of
the United (Mates has recently consid
ered this question, and. in the oase of
the Western Union Telegraph Co. va
tha Call Publishing Co., to be found in
tha one hundred and elghty-flrst volume
of tha United States supreme court re
ports, at page it, It decided that com
mon law principles could be apUed by
United States courts In eases Involving
Interstate commerce, in the absence of
United States statutes specifically cov
ering the case. Such la the law of tba
land.
In my address to the notification com
mittee I said that tariff -la demanded
by tha beet lrrte reels of both manufac
turer and consumer." With equal truth
It can be said that the .benefits -of recip
rocal trade treaties would enure to both.
That the consumer would be helped
Is unqucatlonable. That the manufac
turer would receive great benefit by
extending hfs markets abroad hardly,
needa demonstration. Bis productive'
capacity has outgrown the homo market.
The very term "home market" has
changed ta tta significance. Once, from
the manufacturers' point of view. It
BMent ax pans Ion; today tha marvelous
growth of our manufacturing Indus
tries has far exceeded the consumptive
capacity of our domestic markets, and
tha term "home market" Implies con
traction, rather thaa axpanalon. If we
would run our mills to their full capac
ity, thus giving steady employment to
oar workmen and- securing to thsm and
to the manufacturer the proflta accru
ing from Increased production, other
markets must be found. Furthermore,
when our manufacturers are dependent
oa raw materials in whole or part im
ported, It to vital to tba sxtenalon of
thslr markets abroad that tbsy secure
their materials oat tha most favorable
terms.
Our martyred president William Jde-Kh-riey,
appreciated this situation. He
pointed out In his last address ta the
people that we must make sensible trade
arrangements If "we shall extend the
outlets for our Increasing surplus.'. He
said, "a system which provides a mutual'
exchange of commodities Is manifestly
ssesntlsl 'to the continued and healthful
growth of our export trade. . . . .
The period of exeluslveness Is past The
expansion of our trade and commerce
Is the pressing problem. Commercial
wars ara unprofitable. A policy of good
will and friendly relatione wilt prevent
reprisals. Reciprocity treaties ara in
harmony with the spirit of the times;
measures of retaliation are act."-
This argumsnt was msda In ths Inter
est of our manufacturers, whoss prod
ucts, hs urged, -hare so multiplied, that
the problem of more markets requires
our urgent and I mediate attention." He
had come to realise that ths so-called
"stand pat" policy must give way
that there must be a reduction of duties
to 'enable our manufacturers to coAtlvste
foreign markets. The last words of this
president who had won- the nVeetton of
his countrymen -oyvht to be studied
by every man who has any doubt of the
necessity of a reduction ta tariff rates
in the Interest of the manufacturer.
They present with clearness a situation
and a proposed remedy that prompted
the provision In oar platform which
declares that "We favor libers) trade
arnsngements with Canada and with po
plea of staa ouatrla where they ai
bo entered Inta wHh benefit to American
agriculture, manufactures, .mining or
oommsroa.
The present refusal of the Republican
majority la the federal sonata to ratify
ths reclbroeltv treaties negotiated 4n
pursuance of the policy .advocated alike
by air. Blaine and Mr. McKlnley, andJ
expressly oanct towed t the IHnaiey am
Itself, to a discouraging exmoiuoa ot
bad faith. As already mentioned by
me, the exorbitant duty imposed on
many an Imported article by the Dlngley
tariff waa avowedly Intended by its au
thor not to be permanent, but to serve
temporarily as a maximum, from which
the federal government was empowered
to offer a reduction. In return for aa
equivalent eoaoeaalon oa tha part of a
foreign country. President McKimey
undertook honestly to carry out the pur
pose of the act A number of reciproc
ity agreements were negotiated, which.
If ratines, would- have bad the two-fold
result of , cheapening many Imported
producta for Amerlacn consumers, and
of opening and enlarging foreign mar
kets to American producers. Not one of
those agreements has met with the ap
proval of ths Republican masters of ths
senate. Indeed they did not oven per
mit thslr consideration. In view of the
attitude of the present executive, no
new agreement need be expected from
him. Nor doss the Repubilcaa platform
contain a favorable reference to one of
the suspended treaties. The reciprocity
clauses of the Dlngley act seem declined
to remain a monument of legislative eoa
snage and political bad faith, unless the
people take the matter In thslr owa
hands at ths ballot box and command a
reduction of duties Ml return for recip
rocal concessions. .
rnarsandsnaa tog tba fPJplsaa.
In some quartera It baa been as
sumed that lif the discussion of tha
Philippine question lit my response, ths
phrase -self-government" was Intended
to mean something less thaa Independ
ence. It waa not Intended that It should
be understood to mean, nor do I think as
used It does mean less thaa Independ
ence. However, to eliminate all possi
bility for conecture, I now stats that
I am la .hearty aooord with that plank
1n our platform that favors doing for
the FlUpinos what we have already done
for the Cubana; and I favor making the
promise to them now that we
shall take ouch action as goon
aa they ore reasonably prepared for
IL If Independence, such aa the
Cubans enjoy, cannot be prudently
granted to the Filipinos at this time,
the promise that It shairoome the mo
ment they are capable of receiving It
will tend to stimulate rather than hin
der their development. And this should
be done not only In Justice to the Fili
pinos, .but to preserve our own rights;
for a free people cannot withhold free
dom from another, people and -themselves
remain free. The toleration of
tyranny over others will soon' breed
contempt for freedom and self-go vc rai
ment, and weaken our power of resist
ance to Insidious usurpatloa of our con
stitutional rights. ;
eauJaMeBBeaamm OlettaMamwAaa
The pledge of the platform ta secure
to our cltlsens, without distinction . of
race or creed, whether native born or
naturalised, at boms and abroad, the-
equal protection of the laws and tha
enjoyment of all tha rights and priv
ileges open to them under the covenants
of our treatise, as their Juet due, should
be made good to them. In the accomplishment-of
that result It la essential
that a passport Issued by the govern
ment of tha United States to an Amer
ican citlsen shall be accepted t&e world
over n jM-oof cttisenablp. . , ' ,
. Otvtl Service, ,
Tha ' statute- relating to ctvtl service la
tha outcome of. the efforts of thoughtful,
unselfish and public spirited cltlsens.
Operation under K has frequently been
of such a ebareetsr aa to offend against
the spirit of tba statute, but tha resulta
achieved,- even under a partial enforce-.
ment of the law, have bee sucb as to
both deserve and command tba utter
ance of the Democratic party that It
stands committed to tha principle of
civil service reform and demands Its
Just and Impartial enforcement.
A vast ex pence of oountry In the west
portions of which are to be found In
each of tha If states and territories.
mentioned In the law. Is directly af
fected by the national statute the out
come of. Intelligent and persistent ef
forts of leading cltlsens, providing for
tha reclamation of the arid lands for
the benefit of home seekers. Daring
the years of the development of the
measure which finally, received the vote
of every member of tna upper bouse of
congress. It encountered opposition.
based to A large extant upon the view
that the aim of Its promoters was to
secure ths benefits of Irrigation to pri
vate ownera at government expense.
The slm of the statute Is, however, to
enable this vast territory to reclaim its
arid Isnds wltnout nailing upon tha tax
payers of the oountry at large to pay
for It. Whether the purpose of the bill
will be fully accomplished must depend
in large measure upon the ability, so
briety of Judgment Independence and
honesty of the officers of the Interior
department having thla great work In
charge.
In 101 the main canals and dltehea In
the region affected aggregated more
than St.oog miles and ths work of
reclamation Is but In Its Infancy. The
total coat of construction of the nee as
aery head-gates, dams, mala canals,
ditches, reservolre and pumping sta
tions waa at that time a little ever $
WOO, which of Itself suggests ths
hundreds of millions that may event
ually be Invested la the territory cov
ered by the statute The magnitude of
the conception, and tha enormous ex
pense Its carrying 'out Involves, maks
us realise the overwhelming Importance
of a broad, capable and honest admin
istration of the work authorised by the
statute, if effect ta to be given to that
part of tha plan that relieves the
oountry At large from ultimata liability.
An Isthmian canal has long been the
hope of our statesmen, and tha avowed
aim of tha two great parties, aa their
platforms as the past show. The Pan
ama rout having been ee reeled, the
building of the canal should be pressed
to completion with all reasonable ex
pedition. - .
The methods by which the executive
acquired ths Panama canal route and
rights are a source of regret to many.
To thsm, the statement that thereby a
great public work was assured to the
profit of our people Is not a sufficient
answer to ths charge of violation of
national good faith. They appreciate
that the principles and healthy oonv lo
tions which In thslr working out have
made' us- free, and great stand - firmly
against ths argument or suggestion that
we ahall be blind to the nature of the
means employed to promote bur welfare.
They hold that adherence to principle,
whether it works for our good or lit will
have a more beneficial Influence on our
future destiny than all our material up
building, and that we should ever re
member that ths Idea of doing A wrong,
to a smaller, weaker aatloa thaa wa, or
even all mankind, amy have a resultant
good la repugnant to tna principles upon
which our government waa founded.
, n.lf the laws of tha Uatted States
the duty Is Imposed on the executive to
proceed with due diligence In the work
of constructing the. canal. That duty
should bo promptly performed. -
Our commerce tn American bottonm
amounts to but algbt per osat of our
total exports '-and Imports, For TS
years prior to lilft, when tba Repub
lican party came Inta power, our mer
chant marina carried aa average of 7t
par oent of our foreign commerce. By
1ITT it bad dwindled to f V per oent.
Now wa carry but a contemptibly email
fraction of our exports and Im porta.
American shipping In tha foreign
trade -waa greater by over let.m -tons
In lilt nearly a hundred years ago
thaa It was last year. In the face of
the continuous decline la tba record, of
Amsiieoa chipping during the last
years, the promise of ths Republican
party to restore It la without encour
agement. The record of the Democratic
party gives assurance that the task ana
be more wisely entrusted to It
It la an arduous task to undo tha af
fect of 4a yearn of decadence, and re
quires the study and investigation of
those best fitted by experience to find
the remedy which surely does not He
In ths granting of subsidies, wrung from
the pockets of all the taxpayers.
Recent disclosures, coupled with the
rapid augmentation of government ex
penditures, show a need of aa Investi
gation of every department of the gov
ernment. Tba Democrats In congress
demanded It The Republican majority
refused .the demand. The people fan
determine by their vote hi November
whether they wish aa honest .and thor
ough Investigation. A Democratic con
gress and executive will assure it .
Wa asa austly proud of tba officers
and mop of our army and navy. Both,
however, have Buffered from tba - per-
slstsnt tnJecUoa of personal and political
influence. Promotlona end appointments
have been frequently based on favorit
ism Instead of merit Trials; and oourt
martlals nave been set aside under cir
cumstances Indicating poUtlcal interfer
ence. Thaaa and other abuses should be
corrected.
The national Democracy favors liberal
pensions to the surviving soldiers and
sailors and their dependents, on the
ground that they deserve liberal treat
ment. It pledges by ltd platform ads-
Quate leglslstlon to that end. But It de-
nlea the right of the executive to usurp
the power of oongxesa to legislate on
that subject. Such usurpation waa at
tempted by pension order No. 7i, and
offset baa been given to It by a con
gress that dared not resent tna usurpa
tion. It la said that "tola ardor waa
made ta tha performance of A duty im
posed upon the president by act of con
gress." but the prevision making tba Im
position Is not pointed out. The act to
which tha order refere, which Is the one
re la tins to pensions to civil war veter
ans, does not authorise pensions on the
ground of age. It does grant pensions
to those "suffering from any mental or
physical disability or disabilities, of a
permanent character, not tna reeuii ox
their own vlotoua habits, which so io
cs pad tat ee them from tha performance
of manual labor aa to render them un
able to earn a gupport." This specified
requirement of Incapacity is in afreet
sat aside by order No. 71 as to al per
sons over at
Ths civil war closed nearly yaara
ago in the meantime many or our ooi
dlera and sailors long survived tha age
of ft and passed away without receiv
ing any pension. Skillful pension attor
neys, hunting through tha. statute, failed
to find 'there a provtotoa -gieiser a -pen
sion to all who bad reached sL Many
oromlnent veterans urged tba Justice of
oongrae atonal action giving A service
nension to all veterans. Bills to that
effect were Introduced In congress. And
not until March of this year did any one
ever claim to have made tha discovery,
that the president bad power to treat
the statute aa if It read that when a
claimant had passed the aga of ft years
he la neoeeaarily disabled one-half In
ability to perform manual labor, And
therefore entitled to a penelon.
The present pension oommlaeiener In
dicated his view of tha order when In a
recant address he thanked the president
for what he had dona, and advised his
irers to uae their Influence that a
law might be passed to tha aama affect
Pull confidence, after ait seems not to
have been placed on the defense of Justi
fication, for It to pleaded in mitigation
that a former Democratic president did
something looking in that direction.
Rven if that were so" which Ja not ad
mittedour present duty would be bone
the less "plain and Imperative. Our .peo
ple must never tolerate tba citation of
one act of usurpation of power as an ex
cuse for soother. The first may pos
sibly be due to a mistake; tha second.
being baaed on the first eannot be. In
explanation, however, It should be amid
that the order relied on almpry provided
that the aga of Tl years should be re
garded aa evidence of Inability to per
form manual labor. Pew men ara able
to nerform manual labor at that age.
but nearly all man are at ft The first
order la baaed on a fact that experience
teaches, the other to baaed on the as
sertion of that which la not true aa A
general rule. . . .
The old inquiry, -wont are yon gum
to do about Itr la now stated la a new
form. It Is said by tba administration,
ta reply to tha nubile criticism of this
order, that "it ta easy to test our op
ponents' sincerity la tnia matter, ine
order ta question la revocable at the
pleasure of the executive. If our oppo
nents come Into power they eon revoke
this order end announce that they win
treat tha veterans of IS and TO aa pre
sumably ta full bodily vigor and not
entitled to a pensloa Will they author
itatively state that they Intend to do
this If ao. ws accept the Issue,'
This suggests the suspicion, at least.
that the order waa made to create an
laaua that It waa aupnoaed to p recent
a etrong strategic position hi the battle
of the ballots. But aa the making or
that order waa, ta my Judgment an at
tempted, though perhaps unwitting, en
croochment upon the legislative power.
and therefore unwarranted by the con
stitution, the challenge la accepted, if
elected. I wlH revoke that order. But I
go further and say that that being done,
I will contribute my effort toward the
enactment of a law to be paessd by both
housee of congress and appoved by the
executive that will give an age penelon
without reference to disability to the
surviving heroes of the dvll war; and
under the provisions of which A pension
may be accepted with dignity because of
the eonsolousnees that It somen an a Just
duo from- the people through their
ohooen representatives, and not aa lar
gess distributed by tha chief exeeuilve.
1 The foreign relations -sf the govern
ment have In late ' years assumed spe
cial Importance. Prior to tha acquisi
tion of the Philippines we were practi
cally invulnerable against attacks by
Mln atataa- ThMA trflnU! nnssas
Blons. however, 7.000 miles from ouri
shores, nave changed all this and have
In effect put ue under bonda to keep the
peace. The new conditions oall for a
management of foreign affairs the more
circumspect la that the recent American
Invasion of foreign markets la all parts
of the world has excited the asrlous ap
prehension of all the great Industrial
peoples. It la essential, therefore, more
than svsr, to sdhere strictly to the tradi
tional poltor of tba country as forma-
rated by tta -first piaMdsnt and never,
in my Judgment wisely departed from
to Invite friendly relations with all na
tions walls avoiding entangling alliances
with any,- SuoA a policy means the cul
tivation of peace instead of the glorifica
tion of war, and the minding of our own
buetnees In lieu of spectacular inter
meddling with the affairs of other na
tions. It msans at riot observance of the
principle of international law and con
demns the doctrine that a great stats, by
reason of Its strength, may rightfully
appropriate the sovereignty or territory
of a small state oa account of Its waak-
aeas. It means for other American
etatee that we claim no lights and will
assume no functions save those of a
friend and of an ally and defender as
against European aggressloaa. It means
that we repudiate the role of the Ameri
can continental policeman; tnat we re
fuse to act aa debt-collector for foreign
states or their cltlsens; that wa respect
the Independent sovereignty of each
American state and Ita right to preserve
order and otherwlss regulate Its own in
ternal affairs la Its own wayi and that
any .Intervention in Ha affairs by us Is
limited to the single office of enabling
Its people to work out their own political
and national destiny for themselves, free
from the coercion of any Buropeaa state.
Twenty-eight yea re have passed since
the Democratic party of the state of
New York, In convention assembled, rec
ommended to - the national Democracy
tha nomination of Samuel J. Tlldea aa
Ita candidate for the presidency, and
.declared it to be "their settled convic
tion that A return to the oonatltutional
principles, frugal expenses and admin
istrative purity of the founders of the
republic la the first and most Imperious
duty, of the times .ths commanding Is
sue now before the people of the union.
Thla strong sxpressloa was called forth
bv the national expenditures for the
year 1171, which amounted to AITt
eoe.oeo , situation which. In tha opin
ion of a majority of our people, Justl-
oed an. Imperative demand for reform
tn the administration of public affaire.
Aa the expenditures of the last nsoal
year amounted to the enormous total or
Slll.a00.000. It la evident that A thor
ough investigation of the nubile eervloe
and the Immediate abandonment or use
less and extravagant expenditures are
mora nee ao aery now than they wi
then. This astounding Increase la out
of all proportion to tba Increase of our
population, and Snda no excuse rrom
whatever aspect we view the situation.
Tna national Democratic platform de
clares that large reductions can easily
be made ta the annual expendlturea of
the government without impairing the
afflclsncv of any branch of tha public
sanrloe." Can there be any oouac ox
the annusaov of thla- statement? Be
tween the expendlturea of the pear lMf.
amounUnst to tl41.00a.0aa, and tnoae
of the last noes year the seventh alter
Q rover Cleveland oesaed to be preei-
dent aagisgaUng tt01.000.OOa, there to
a difference so great aa to excite alarm
in tba breasts of all thoughtful men.
Swan sseludlng the sum of ttO.000,000
paid for the Panama canal rights ana
to the state of Panama, tna snpenui-
turss of ths last fiscal year exceeded
the sum of tilt 000.000, being more than
double the expendlturea of the ga
eminent for all purposes during the flrat
year of Mr. Cleveland's administration.
The exoensee of the flret four years
succeeding the last Democratic admin
istration amounted to the enormous av
erage of 1611.000,000 per year. This
large expenditure waa due ta a consid
erable extent to the coat of the B pants h-
Amerteau war, which occurred during
that period: but the termination of tnat
war breusht no relief to the treasury.
for the average annual expenses of tha
government, during tha -three subee-
auent years ending June to, 104. were
about tllt.00t.000, which la the largest
sum hitherto reached, during a iise pa-.
rlod. since the close of the etvu war.
This draft, upon the revenue of the
country baa had the effect which mignt
have been anticipated, and now wo have
presented the reverse of the situation,
whieh led to tba famous observation.
"It la oondltkm. and not a thory, which
oon fronts us;" for. altnougv tna pres
ent Incumbent found at the olose of f he
6 ret fiscal year, during which no as
nmad control of the administration, a
surplus of receipts over expenditures of
mora than tal.ooo.tos, snare waa aa sx
caos of expenditures over receipts at
tha. close of the last Sneal year of 141.-
OM 000, and the official monthly reports
made bv tba treasury department show
that the expenditures are continuously
and rapidly increasing, wnuo im re-
Minta ara dlmlnlshlnev
In thla connection it Is interacting to
note the recent administrative orders
forbidding government offloere from
making public any atatement of sati
re stos on whtoh future appropriations
are to be bowed.
If a man of ordinary intelligence and
prudence should And In the operating
expenses or nis ousinsso nun m m
.MaMu nerosntage of Increase, would
be not promptly set on foot aa inquiry
for the cause of the waste, ana cane im
mediate measures to stop It specially
Lwhen trusted employes have been found
dishonest and convicted, ana a wwe
.nraul Imnressloa exists that a thor
ough Investigation may discover other
of malfeasance? When tha chief
executive reported to congress that
"through frauds, forgeries and perjuries,
mwtA hv a nameless briberies tha laws
relating to the proper conduct of the
public service ta general, and to the
duo administration of the postoflloe de
partment have been notoriously vio
lated . . . there was a general
popular demand for a rigid, sweeping
Investigation by congress! In addition to
that undertaken by tna executive him
self. Such an investigation the Repub
lican majority 1a congress would not
permit although the minority Insisted
that ths Interests of good government
demanded It. And tba minority waa
right. Tha liberality, patriotism and
national pride of the people should not
be made on excuse for wests of the pub
lic funds. Official akvavaganea Is offl
elal crime.
There la not A sentence In the Repub
lican platform recommending a reduc
tion ta the expendlturea of the govern
ment; not a line suggesting, that the In
oreaaein the cost of ths war department
from H4.0Oe.0OO In 1R0 to 1111.000.000
1a 1101, should be Inquired Into; end not
a paragraph calling for a thorough In
vestigation of those departments of tha
government- ta which dishonesty baa
been recently disclosed. ,
The people, however, can by their
vntaa. if thev desire it order such an
investigation and Inaugurate A policy of
economy and retrenchment. It is sare
to say that this wUl not be accomplished
by endorsing at the polls'' tha 3spub
I lean majority of the house of -representatives
which refused the Investiga
tion and mads tba sppreprtstlnns, nor
by continuing In power ths administra
tion, which' made the disbursements.
Reform In expenditures must be had
In both tha etvit military and naval sa
tabllahments ta order that tha national
expendlturea may be brought to a baste
of pssoe and the government maintained
without recourse to the taxes of war.
I have put aslds a congental work, to
C ASTOR I A
for la unto sad Ghildrsa. ,
rti KM Yoi Kan Alt aji BacsM
Htualrjil of
gMWWWW
I STILL THE QUESTlCn IS: "WHAT
. DID THE l.CGGLE-CUG SAY?
., ....... j, . . , ........ . . i
' - i - ; ...
ttons for Bis oomraoae srutm urn.
answer Is not printed. Ths reader to
descriptive matter mugs tnm oompersjuveir ."ZMTm. 9
the pictures and the story ara guides Is ths solution P1' f
"ualc aomne en. -JtJlrV. t2 I
orainary asm ana anowieaae Z . v. m.... n.
sny and natural history, or an acquaintance with places, buildings oresa
bUm; about wblch Information to easily obtainable. It ta not a guessing
eontast, but a trhnVof afcUt '"--r- rT-.rr--y
To stimulate Interest hi tna visit of tba people frem thsLsnd of
Os. The Journal will give tte.00 Hi cash each month to banof tta
readers who send ta correct or nearly correct answer to tha queuttooa
put ta tha Weggieoug py am companions. - .
X
Smpr. 9V ; ' TTse this Coupon Only, .
re the wooolbbuo rorTomi t'v-"- i.; "
'- TBI JtUNDAT JOTJBJfAU FOaTLAXD ORBOOH,
Tha answer ta she euesttou
SlnS Section of the paper of SUNDAY, SKPTIMBBR At, ta :
v " W
V Street and hrnmbar... ............. mm
Town ar ctty....H ..!
i'"-' ' 'i - -. '. '. . '" u ' 1 '
Stat........
WIIAj OUT TRB ABOTB COUPON. Also the oovpen to be found
day ta The Journal until Friday, September to. Thla grves you six
e ha noes to answer tha quaatlon suggested la Sunday's page, kmoh Sunday
a fresh .question ta soked. This question to to be answered on tha own
I.-.. . k. a Mm. w -ul mtmm Mf (hA at Wak f fl Iflvln
Z tpt that ta the weak beginning September St only the coupons up to and
I Including September M will be counted In that week's answers. SAVB
I YOUR COUPONS, and on the last day of the month send them all to THI
WOQOLJCBUO EDITOR, Tha Journal. Fortiano. xnie win end ine con
test for September, and the prises will be awarded vary early ta tha month
of October. , ... .' ., ? "' : ..,.,
October 1 wfU begin a new eontast for tba month and another IM
will bo awarded t the prise winners, according to tba schedule gayen be
low. ' Save pour coupon of neat Saturday. October t and uae It4 la an
swering tba question la the Sunday laaua of October t. That erUJ give
you eight ononoso that week,- - . ,.
. FITTT DOLLARS TW CASH PRIZES WILL BB orTaTrf AS eTOXOWSi
L For the greatest number of oorreot
ro the Best largest number or oorreot answers. s.su .... a.ee
t.
.
It
For tha third largest. number eg oorreot anawera, Ai ae. .... J. as
For tha fourth largest number of oorreot answers, M.00... B.00
For tha ten next largest numbers of oorreot anawera, Il.tO each.. 11.00
For the tea next largest tmmbera
e war tna sisvan naat Isiaiat aambsfg of correct anew era, tOe. sach a. to
. . The largest number of correct answera wiao.'
' All coupons for any one aaontb will bo eoaeeeutlvely numbered, and
must be placed in ana en veiopa and
Onlv ana aonwon of the I
data
of anawera for the month. . . ,
If mora than one. individual should have every oonpoa aorreotly
sarked and properly arranged, tba first prise would be divided between
the winners. Othsr prises will ba stmllariy divided in oaaa any number of
contestants have tna same number of answers that ara squally correct.
bt not abeolutory so. - , . 7
Contestants need, awt writs tha asm answer oft Alt aoupoaa xesoed
for any ana week. A different answer can bo written for each day: but
If you are aura you ara right you win. of eouree, write tha same anawer
: oa all coupons issued for any ana Sunday. Bsmaaaban tha largest num
ber of correct answera wins. '
All coupons for any one laonfb irrupt Tm placed ta the same envelope
and be 1n the office of Tba Journal by 11:00 a. am, of the Ad day of
the foltawtas aaoutb.. e v- - -:,-.. M . -
I,g.,.gg,.MaaaS.kSSS.S0S0SaS.S..S.SSaa...aa
which f bod expected to devote ay Hfe,
ta order to asaama, aa best I oaa, the
reepensibUltlea your convention, put
upon at ' ' "
Z aollclt the cordial aa operation and
generous assistance af ovary maa who
bei levee that a change of measures and
of man at thla tlma would ba wise, and
nrmrm ti.i wumw nf miiIm iiit aa Wall
vigorous action oa the part of all so
The Issues ara Joined and tba boodIO
must 'render -tha verdict. ' - - j
Shall economy of administration ba
demanded -or ahall extravaJtance be en
couraged T
Shall the wrongdoer ba brought to bay
trr tha naonla. or must Justice wait UDOn
political oligarchy t
- Shall our government sxanu tot eqnsi
opportunity or for speeaj privilege t
Kail M Mmaln s. nmrnnml of law
or become one of Individual caprice?
nnaii wo ciing to me mi ws wm fw
nla, or ahall. wo .embrace beneficent
desDOtlsmT . - - -
With cairn nsss . and oonaosaoe. ws
await the people's verdict
ie MUmA a tht .Sp.' mmt finiUnt T
shaU consider myself the chief magis
trate OT ail ins people ana bnfc oi any
fi.iln, anil aHa.ll svav aa mindful of
the fact that on asaay questlona af na
tional policy mere are nonen aiuereneew
of opinion. I believe ta the patriotism,
good ssnsa And absolute sincerity of all
the people, I shall strive to remember
that be may serve' his party best who
servee his country best
If it be the wish or tns people tnat
H.4,k. ih. Antlea af the araal-
dsncy, I pledge myaelf, with God's help,
to devote all my powers and energy to
the duties OT tnia sxaitso omoe. very
truly youre. ALTON & parkbr, ,
. (Jasraal fauelel Serris..)
UltehelL S. D- Sept. Ifv-The treat
Quantltlea of oorn, wheat and other
crops raised ta South Dakota thla year
ore Illustrated by the elaborate exhibits
at tha sixth- snnual corn palaca expo
sition which opened today and will con
tinue until October L The sx position
has been enlarged since last year and
all departments ara wall fUred. not
withstanding the wheat rust South
Dakota has raised aa Immense crop this
year aa to shown ta the county exhibits,
which form one of the leading features
of tba expos It loo.,
. World's Fair bcirtJottt v
On October t. 4 and t and IT. It ana
St the Canadian Paclflo will again place
oa aalo apeclal round trip, tickets to St.
Louis, Chicago and eastern points at
very low rates. Tickets wtti ba good for
Stopovers.
This win be tha last opportunity to
secure World's Fair Uckets at special
rates. ...
Early reservations should be made.
Cheap excursion tickets from eastern
points to Portland are now on aalo. For
full particulars, call oa or address r. R
Johnson, F. and P, A 141 Third street,
Portland, Op . . s.
' ssrsVrs fmsra. ' '
' From th Chicago Hews.
Oldbanh I toll you, sir. the women
are going to rule thla . oountry after
awhile. 1
Bnpeck After Awhllaf - 'Why. S
thought they ruled It new.
w -- - ""-,.- myA a
jtft to dleoover It Thejturea and
-I
No. 23
asked of tha Wogglebuff hi tha
a...
............
af an aaapioyw'B
anawera, sio.ee: ........fis.se
af overset anawera. 11.00 each. . 10.00
arranged la
gen ba placed ta tba
esrvolope
Y.M.C.A. a
Night School
v ,i 60 DilTmnt Cloiifai
Pall T-rm Optms Mo.doy. :
. 'h SptA)inojr 36 ., ' v.
' r "v. - v '. Fat
Subjset ,v - , " 1 bf oa. "
Algebra S.04B
Architectural Drawing. .......
AriTfLmstle ......,
Bookkeeplnk ..............
Carpentry
Chemistry' r
Civil Service Classes
Commercial Law ......'.
Electricity ...... .i
Elocution '.
Engineering Mathematlog ....
English Orammar ....,
Free Hand Drawing .
Geography ,,
Geometry ...'..
German ..' .......
Interior Decora tloa ......
Machine Xea1gn
Maadoltn, Outtar .......,
Manual Training ...
Mechanioal Drawing ...?
Pattern Making .......
Penmanship
Physics I... t..... a
Plumbing . E.00)
Public Speaking -.. . 0.OO
Reading and Spelling 1.5
Rhetoric S.OO
Sign Writing ....,... , S.OO
Shorthand .,.. S.OO
Spanish...... ...... S.OO
Steam Bngtossrtas 10.OO
Telegraphy ..13.00
Trigonometry S.OO
Typewriting ... M .. v S.OO
Vocal Music .,...........,. 1.50
Wood Carving ....... 4.0O
-besuwta
tSmmrw.
Fool, WsudanU Ocmrt
nneen, nsaas.
"i
navse
Cor. Foartt. snri YamhOl
aaaamawms ar hiiuom .ef Honam for
eUid! ja vols Tr-Hta for
ever rtfty T
n tocriim the em. A, eoft.se ths tmk sUrv
TaraTrT.yrys ctnrrg a xan-rxg.
S.OO .
.60 v
S.OO
S.OO
5.00 .
Sdmo. :
J .SO
.o
S.OO .
S.OO
l.SOf
. S.OO "
' S.OO .
8 .00 .,
,oo
s.oo
? S.OO
S.OO
S.OO
b.vv :
1.SO r,
S.OO
use ex ymaaatsm.
oAX&'om tm pom ran
I v VaSTSB WTUOOVA
PREE LAND IN CEG0N :
1 r4mxkmctimh '
mawsrit Tkeusmmsr
on sf svajanm. Dart drett rVsrs Staai sf
Ofesaa. WRfTI TO-OAY. SOOrU.IT sad
MAP FAIL Dechen IrnntkM sad Pmmeil
itaay,4ie-f ll aMaKsy " Hsn I'm had n.
v.;
V
set
-
I
AS1'
A1'