TE3 CRSGOi SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 85, 1904.
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1CK1NO money from Tinea Is
what a mall, mar of Oregon
men, omn and children have
bMU dolag during- th past two
MU V
WhlU the money that was gathered tn
br th "nlckere" did not boar th eagles
of Undo Samuel on th rmn and tha
medallion af Columbia on tha obverae
aid, It waa soon transformed Into thla
aort of cash. Tha monar ptoksd from
vtho vine was nothing mora nor laa
.' than hops just plain Oregon bops,
which ara now almost . worth their
welaht In Oliver.
Too history of tha hop growing; lndus
try In this stats la ana of ups and
downs. Like menr othar great things.
' tt had a iniU beginning; Tlmaa there
vara whan tha prloea paid for thla
S "fruit" waa ao email that tha powwi
fait dtaeouraged ntar fields were
' ' plowed up. But now thara la a great
demand for bo pa, and tha grower aoa
amall mlnta floating their war.
At firat, tha farm an st out the Tinea
almost any ptaoa on. their farma This
waa found to ba an unwise mors, for
i " hope will not thrive n every aort of
f - noil. Now, Oregon's rloh bottom land
- la betng cleared. Its unelsrhtly appear
ance, as covered with small ash. nr. and
mapla timber, matted between with a
-v heavy undergrowth of basal. Tine mapis
, and willow, is giving way to tha pio-
tureeque bop yard. Not la little two,
three and four-acre fields, do we see
tha change; but la lares plantations uf
10 acres, or mora, planted by tha sin
gle hop Brewer of today. Is tha , Indus
try fore; las; ahead,' Those large hop
yards ean not help bat Impress one with
their beauty. They leave upon the mind
of the eastern emigrant an Idea of Ore
gon's possibilities in the hop Industry
which is yet In Its Infancy, . Who ean
atand above ana of these loe-aore fields
of hops. In tha month of September, look-
ins; far away In tha distance, and not
be Impressed with tha magnitude of the
Industry. Who oaa look at a yard In
lis colden beauty, when ripened, and
ready for picking its tralles wires IS
feet boots the earth Its foliage draped
la beauty from the wires above to tha
ground below Its Tinea oorarad with
tha porfeot yellow of their many ripened
hops tha rows as straight as tha com
pass ean nuke there and tha ground
below pulverised until perfectly smooth,
and not ba Impressed with the soaale
grandeur before them. This Is tha hop
yard of tha large grower of today.
' Tha hop Industry Is an longer an ex
periment. It has become a business' of
magnificent proportlona It takes a man
of experience and oapltal to manage tha
largs yards of today. Tha Industry, eon
aidertng Its magnitude, has probably
made mora small fortunes, and finan
cially wreaked more man of moderate
means, than any known Industry. ' ft
has made these fortunes and lost them,
not In I or It "years of steady accu
mulation or constant losses Unit la a
year or two practically at a single
bound. On a 10v-or yard of today, a
man oaa sasUy clear above all expenses
.-If Aha pries and crop ara good, tha
sum of from ttO.tso to SS0.000 In a
stngl year; or ta tha am length of
time a man ean sink la round numbers
tio.eoe or more, on tha seme yard. Co
wo sea tha possibilities of tremendous
losses "Of fortune or bankruptcy. For
picking alone a man pays 4" sots per
pound, or about I&.00 on his lM-aer
yard of hops If tha yield la at all good.
Tha hop Industry has proves that ana
kind of hop only la best adapted for the
Oregon soil. . There has been tried hero
a number of different kinds, among
which wa mention some seat out by the
department of agriculture, also tha Red
Vine and early Puegel. all of which ara
not as good as the English Cluster- The
Kngllsb Cluster produoas tha largest
crop, tha aloest end firmest berry, la the
most free from foliage, and has been
generally planted by tha large growers
exclusively
just after tha dose of tha Clrfl war.
tn the year IMf, the first hop roots were
Imported Into Oregon, and that, too. In
Polk oounty. These hops were Intro
duced here from California. Tha pio
neer la Oregon was Mr. Wiener, who
resided at Buena Vista, la Polk oounty.
Oregon. Be planted flTe acres. Hs
kept them soma two years, and plowed
them up. He thought hops would be
a sucoasa In Oregon, and formerly had
grown them la the state of New fork.
In the same year, or at most not over
.one year later William Wells, who oper-
Judge :
IM the dty of San Francisoo Judge
Coffey baa been acting aa probat
judge for about I years, and ap
parently so long a ba desires to
hold th omc th people grill hasp him
ther. His decisions have been printed
1n regular reports known as "Coffey' a
Probate Decisions, and bs has adopted
a number of rules. .a portion of them,
which may be of Interest to ths bench
and bar of thle elty. ara as follows:
Id the lasertor Owt la and tt2J?
Croat? of Sa FWBcUco, ktafee e CattfarnU.
rpertBMat Klae-Preeato. J. V. OotUj,
- judge. .
Bead, Mark, tears asd lawsrsly BlgsaM
V Nota Bans. Tha attention of ap
praisers Is directed to the nece salty of
making an Itemised account of their
ehersee and disbursements. Day and
mil. oibh h,tww -
' with a concise statement of the actual
t-i work done on ssch day. Only days ao
v tually and neossssrily employed allowed
( A (Rule Se, superior court.) Where the
, .service t gratuitous be careful to sots
V, .'- that fact tn the return. Kxperlene has
Z " taught th court the necessity of en
v forcing vigorously and rigorously this
, rule, which, although In existence for
veers, has been occasionally disregarded.
It Is enjoined, therefore, upon th p
ratsers appointed by ths court to pre
arrve data la detail of their charges and
disbursement and annex the nam to
their report. Aa appraisers ara sworn
officers of th court. It must ba under
stood that they are primarily, lnterma
disttly and ultimately responsible to the
court. '
Motto for Appraisers. Economy, ef
ficiency, expedition Se pages O.
Ml. . 1 Coffey's Probata Decisions.)
Tha spirit of th statute should bs
observed, rather than the letter, for "the
letter ktlleth. but th spirit aivsth life."
I Cor., Ill, ,
In ths matter of th appointment f
appraisers, attorneys amy nominate ta
tha oourt tor appointment n person,
and no mors, subject to th wrort a ap
proval, la all esse where tha circum
stances merit gratuitous service, tha
oourt will appoint oampetont persona to
act without charge.
la ail proper cases th discretloa at
fTir vli ' " PICKERS .ON JHERO AP TO MOP YARD j jSHn
ated a farm, opposite Buena Vista, an
tha Marlon oounty side, planted about
twa dosen hllla of hops, Tha next year
after that which was ta Stdft, ta tha beat
knowlsdge'of tha old pioneers, hs plant
ad on thla place of his between seven
and sight acres of hops. His yard has
continued ta bear from that day ta this.
and la now managed by his son, Th Is
Is tha oldest yard In tha atate of Ore
gon. A yard was planted la Butte villa
year later than the oaa planted by
Wells near Buena Vista, Washington
antedated Oregon In tha hop Industry
just twa years. , t j
J. R Meeker, the father of X. V.
Meeker who a few years ago waa grow
ing bops in Oregon, waa the first to in
troduce hops into that state. He planted
a small yard In tha Puyallnp Teller In
1M4. Mr. Meeker was la the legislature
at Olympla, Washington, and while
there, Mr. Wood, a brewer at Otynrpla.
persuaded him to go Into the hop busl-
m. Mr. Wood furnished him his ftret
Tines. And J. V. Meeker went to fltella-
eoom and carried them on his back from
that place to Puyailup. they having been
sent to tellaeoom by Mn Wood, These
roots Mr. Wood had growing m his
town lot at Olympla. Meefcecdtled bis
first hops ta the loft of bla dwelling. It
taking from IS to 11 days. Ha re
ceived la Itfg ft cents par pound for
his hops; la 111! 7ft osnta per potsnd.
and la 1MT so cents par pound for
them. The oldest bearing yard In Polk
oounty ta that planted by Oeorga Wells
at Buena Vista In 1I7S which has raised
hops every year from that date to thla.
Sam Beckett and J. W. Hodson were
the nrst to plant bops la the Sola dis
trict, planting 1 acres la 1I7S a 174.
Mr. Beckett retired 'from tha busrness
In a few years, and I. W. Hodson cleared
upon tha Id acres fa Id yearn tie.ooa
and then retired from tha hop Industry.
ttd. P. Dora followed la about l7a.
planting a 1-acre yard. Ha added to
this and took la a brother, and In 1IM
Dora Brothers had about 40 acres of
heps, and were generally, considered to
be tha largest growers n the state of
Oregon. In MS William WsUs im
ported new hops from California and the
comment made la tha West Bids at In
dependence is as follows: "Win. Wells,
our pioneer hop grower who planted the
first hop yard north of tha Sacramento
valler. has Just received a fine lot of
hop roofs of the Bngllah Jonas variety
from Phil. Mica Co, (probably PhlL
Neiaa Co.) of California, These hops
ripen two weeks earlier than tha com
mon varieties, yield better, contain a
much greater per osnt of lvpullna and
ara very au potior for' brewing pur-
la tha year lt-ftt thara aa growing la
Oregon Washington and California 10,
09 aoree of hops of whlok Oregon grew
t,U aorea, considerably leas than Is
growing In Polk oounty alone today. In
tha latter part of tha '70s Mr. Undsey
planted the first yard near Monmouth,
and the first yard at Indepsndsaos was
planted la 1MI by J. R. Cooper, oonslst-
CoffeyV Unique
3S
th oourt may ba Invoked ta appoint
competent appraisers , to aet without
oompensatloa.
Any appraiser appointed by virtu of
section 1444 of the civil oode of pro
oedure, who shall accept any fee, re
ward or compensation, other than that
provided for by law, from any executor,
administrator, trustee, legate, next of
kin or heir of any decedent, or from any
othar person, la guilty of a misdemea
nor. Th three appraisers should act la all
cases. No Mummies' allowed. If one
la unable to act, for any oause arising
subsequent to the appointment, tha rea
son for non-action should ho assigned in
a statement of th acting appraisers,
subscribed by them and annexed to and
forming a part of ths appraisement.
(1 Coffey's Probata Declsloos, 110.)
. As to effiolal character of appraisers
and thslr compensation, pa pag 111,
Coffey's Probata Decisions. ,
In all oasss under 11,10 ths maximum
fee will not ba allowed, exoept hi spe
cial circumstances mbjeot to discretion
of court.
In th Matter of Compensation of At
torneys. From and after thla date the
following maximum standard of OOm
peneatlon to established In estates In
which the public administrator Is ap
pointed and qualified to aet a admin
istrator. Thta 1 to be taken as a guide
In all ease where th oondltlons ar
analogous: ...
Asmi WestamwlABMflirt Vailswai
of Batata - AttJ. yee.lnt E(atr Attr. Pre.
Sl,0r , S!' .000 f 1IW
S.OTM) 4fli S.AO0 r
.m. ............ V lonoo.,....;.. ton
4.0ns SIM mono,,,., SRft
B.ono 7...... tti no noo....i.., w
S.oon jki ion, one at
T,0M leSH.OOO.OOO S.1M
In alt- estates af a valuation Inter
mediate and above the figures ths
same rati shall obtain,
II. Pule In Probata Application for
allowanos of counsel fee must bs mad
in court and will not ba heard In cham
bers. Attorneys ar required to pre
sent with their a ppl teat Ions a sum
marised snd verified statement ta writ
ing of services rendered. This should
be filed snd preserved as ft record la th
proceeding. ., . ,
HOISTING 4HOPS-TCLTHE.PKYER
tng of Itt acres. These hops hava pro
duced a crop every year from that date,
and are atlH being, picked and cultivated.
Wells ussd tha Winner hophouse at
Buena Vista for a number of years.
Cooper used tha Dora house and the
Undsey bouse. These dryhousee were
all amall affairs In comparison to those
of today. Cooper was compelled to
watt nntU Dots had finished picking in
order to secure his crew to pick his hops
In early days. The Indiana did the pick
ing; and It was not an occupation that
the general communities followed at
that time, and the pleading and intimi
dating neceaasry to get the Indians to
work to help save a man's hops at times
would make an interesting book.
The market has fluctuated over a
great range in the prloea received for
hope. Ths lowest price quoted was
about t- eenta. the highest II. Id per
pound. Although bops hava sold for as
small a figure an to be called nothing,
one small quantity going at one time
for 11 a bale. A bale usually weighs
IT to IPO pounds. The highest price
reached was In ISM. Ths first hard
times known td tha hopmen of Oregon
was In about ISIS, at the thus of the
great American panic Hops then sold
for toss than T cents per pound. Just
prior to this time a party waa offered
11 for hla hops, and later on sold them
for S eenta per pound. Thla party waa a
resident near Silvertoa, In shout 10
years from that data tha second fall tn
price waa recorded, and tn 4SSI pickers
were paid lass than tha usual pries of 10
cents for picking. In tha latter part of
the '80s tha hop price came up again and
stayed up untlt tha fore part of the '0a
In IStT tha price was low. In list the
market opened at 41 osnta, when most of
the growers sold, and later tha price
went to 11.1. In 1S hops came up to
Ipri so that tha grower made a .fair
price, and have oontlnued fairly good
continually from that day to thta.
In the first yards, of Oregon two polos
were planted In ths ground at each hill.
The bops grew on these poles to the
height of IS feet or mora. At picking
time the poles were pulled from the
ground or broken and the top of the
stake carried ar fallen Into a forked
stick on tha ground.' This method did
not give ths hops as much sun aa they
needed. Tha next improvement waa the
Introduction of the abort stake, on at
a MU, th stake being 10 feet In the
clear. The vines were trained to the top
of tha stake, and then on to twine reach-
Ins from stake to stake In every direc
tion and over the whole of the field. In
picking, th vines were pulled down an
Rules
This statement should hs condensed
narrative of substantial ssrvtos rendered,
and not a mere skeletonised aemblanos.
and It ahouid bs verified by th attor
ney himself, and not By his elerk or
assistant, .
Notice should also be given to all
parties la Interest. Th time for pass
Ing upon such applications Is on the oo
easlon of settlement of accounts f ad
ministrator or executor or guardian. The
amount of the fas allowed should ba
inserted In the account of tha admlnls
tratoiv executor er guardian.
from th LouIstUIs Herald. "
' "One of th thousand suburbs of
Boston Is called Jamaica Plain,- said
Anthony Buck, a Bostonsr. Toa know
Boston la noted for Its suburbs. It's
got them to burn, . Four burned this
summer already. -
"Well, ens of your Kentucky gentle
men one of those By gad, sah, gen
tlemen visited friends la thl little
suburb. The first day. a waa thsrs he
went into Boston. i
"When ha had tasted of the various
beverages of ths Boston town and waa
ready to go back to his friend's home,
he found himself In th embarrassing
position of having forgotten ths name
of ths suburb. Hs scratched his head,
he looked at th stars, be kicked hi
feet together, but nowhere could ho Snd
th name of. that eon founded little sub
urb. "finally, In sheer disgust, went Into
a hotel and Inquired of the elerk there
If hs could 'tell him where he lived.'
Th olerh toughed at- that hard one.
but amused at the way the Btraage
looklng gentleman put tha question, he
asked If ha couldn't give some Inkling,
soma Idea, or soms facts which might
suggest th nam of th. place to him
the clerk.
"Weil, as, he said, t can't exactly
recall th nam of that infernal place,
but, ssh. It strikes me that- It Was
something; en th order of Whisky
Sour - '''''
" Oh.' said ths clerk. roa sureir mean
tfamatea Plain," , , ,
th stake' wntn ther soaldM reached by
tha picker, th atrtngs being broken or
cut. Th third Improvement waa mads
when tha late trellis method was-introduced.
Is this heavy wire la at retched
from one end of the field to the other,
and stakes 14, It and 1 feet In th clear
and two fset In tha ground are firmly
planted, notched at' tha top, where the
wire fa placed. Prom the hill tothe
wire twin la ussd, being fastened by
uegs at th ground and tied to the wire.
The hop are then trained to the wire,
one Tin oa edeb oord or string. In this
msthod at picking tints they Hft th wire
from th notches ta ths staks and lower
It by degrees so that It ta lust right for
picking. It la afsted that tha trellla
yard glvs th hops th moat sua of any
method.
Tha hop eultur Is divided Into six
seasons or divisions by th hop growers,
as follows: The planting season, tha
cultivating season, the spraying season,
tha picking season, th drying a as eon,
the bating season. -
Hops are planted In th spring' and In
th fall of tha year, usually In ths
months of March and October; Per
planting th hop root Is ussd. It to
taken from tha shoots extended off from
the hop root The root is to Joints and
has eyas, oa th same principle aa the
eye of a potato, and one of thee eyee to
enough for any hill In planting. Tha
slip ussd for planting la usually about
four to sight Inches In length. These
are planted la hills from seven t eight
feet apart at points marked out by a
surrey and cross-survey designated by
small pegs placed In-the ground at the
point for the root. A yard planted In
March will In the following September
produce a smalt crop of hops. Thass
bops ar sailed baby hops, and often do
not run more than 10 pounds to tha
acre, but a few years ago a yard of IS
acres was planted near here which yield
ed the first fall a crop of 10 pounds of
baby hops to ths acre. This yard yield
ed two years later 1.17 pounds to the
acre. These are exceptionally good
oasss, but even higher returns hare been
known In Polk oounty. Ths cost of
roots, planting and ths expense of culti
vating for the first season will not ex
ceed II par sere. The second fall a full
crop Is matured, for the 4-acr yard
of Krebe Bros., planted this spring. It
required 172. SOO pegs to mark ths hills,
S44.00 hop roots (two to ths hill), 1,-
se trellis poles, SS0.M0 pounds (or
seven carloads) of wire, end this la but
th beginning of th Industry.
Sarly tn th spring and iust as soon
as ths ground ha dried out enough to
permit cultivating, tha hopyard Is be
gun, and It la oontlnued until tha first
part of July. Ths ground Is plowed one
way across the yard, and aa aoon -aa
plowed thsy eommeae hoeing tha hlljs.
This work la usually done In March, and
the Tin commences to sprout about that
time. Before the plowing asross th
yard ths second time la done stake ar
pieced at th hills In staks yards and
ths twin Is placed at the hills and at
tached to tha trellis and ths pegs in ths
trellis yard a. Th yard la usually plowed
both length wlss and across th yard,
ones each way. Ag aoon aa th hops
commence to grow, then they commence
to train th vine up th pole. This Is
done with th sun. If ths Tins Is trained
In ths opposite direction from th course
of the sun It will unwind Itself. Aa soon
as they have enough Tinas "started up
th pole or twin, they oommenc prun
ing, and they trim off all ths other Tinea
which start to com up la th hill, not
allowing more than from two to four
vines for each hllL Th training and
pruning process oonUauss untlt about
the Urn for spraying. Prom th stake
tn the stake yards the -Tine ara run on
to twines which are made a network
over th whole yard by cross tng- from
the top of th pole to other poles
all over th whole yard, on Tin bslng
usually run On to on twine, thus giv
ing th Ttn the benefit of aa much air
and sun aa possible. la tha trellis yard
tha Tinea are run up from tha ground
so that they form a funnel shape at ths
top. Th hop matures In August, Tha
hop blooms In the latter part of July,
and by September 1 mature th ripened
berry- Children and woman ar used
almost exclusively to train th hops, and
receive from SI to l.t per day for the
work. It to claimed they do bettor work
and are mor rapid than tha mea at thla
line or work. When vines reach the top
of the pole er are from seven to sight
feet from th ground sleds ar ussd to
train from, and they drive along ths
rows, standing on th sleds, and train
from thla higher elevation, Otherwlee It
would be a very difficult undertaklag to
do th work rapidly and properly.
Th host growers spray their hops
each year. There la a diversity of
opinion aa to th time when spraying
should begin. Scientific Investigations
havs seemed to prove that the earlier
th spraying Is doe th better, or that
June la the proper month. In place of
July, aa Is dons by most Of ths growers
at ths present time. Tha agricultural
expert held to this Tlew. aa It stated
that they would then hill tha hop louse,
as a grst gad aid appearaoo oa the ,
gSBSBBBSsssssssaswwasamiii mm I mH I m,mesBSBaeasssswasaq
BWLlNG-H0USE,AT.COOreR iBROS' YASD
hop Ttn In th spring. Spraying kills
the red spider, the hop louse, and any
othsr Insec which might do damage,
although at tha present time no Insects
except thess two seem to do any dam
age to the hops. Ths composition used
for spraying Is whale oil sosp, quassia
chips and water, which kills all tha
small Insects as soon as It reaches
them. The old growers used th hand
sprayer, which consisted of a barrel
filled with th mixture, which ' was
plated on a sled a pump placed fa the
oarrai and two boss with long, hollow
pipe, having oa the end a miniature re
production of a sprinkler spout, filled
with little holes -ths poison was foroed
through this la the form of a fine spray;
and two men. one on each row, sprinkled
th Tinea so that th spray would go on
the under side of all the leaves, the
louse alwaya staying oa th under aids
of th leaf, away from th sun. Hs
doss hot Uttle damage la hot weather,
but If a rain cornea on ha goes Into th
bur of th hop; when hs dies tn there
we hava ths mouldy hop. Ths mould
Is not necessarily from th rain at all,
but from th louss that enters th hop.
Th latest method of spraying ta with
ths roller spray, which Is adjustable
and throws the spray from stationary
arms extending from th sprayer, Thess
ar satisfactory, although some of th
growers still cling to ths old msthod, .
While speaking of spraying; I wish to
speak af ths hop louse. His history to
peculiar and the changes through which
hs passe are lesion. After hop-picking
ha passes through a ehang and pro
duces a fly. That fly deposits an egg
tn th plum 'or prune tree. Thle egg
hatches en ths plum tres. A number of
generations follow. Finally fly is
hatched which gee to th hop Tin and
deposits an sgg, which produce the hop
louss. - Ths Or toaves th plum tree la
May.
Tb first movement hi mad toward
tha opening of th season for picking.
when you see tha grower scouring the
country to get tha migration of plckera
started. Next you ee him preparing
his camp ground, fixing up his stock
pasture and getting his measuring bas
kets and. boxes, his picking outfits, hla
sacks and hophouses ready, selecting his
box tenders, his dryers, his ticket bosses.
his Tins men, his fireman and ether
hand a At about this Urns se the Im
migration of ths pickers as they arrive.
Whites ther ar from th mountains,
from Portlands the valley and Immi
grants from othsr states. Here, too.
you bss tha red men from the reserva
tions, t1 Grand Roods, the Btleti and
Rogue river Indians; the Monso n n
not absent, and bar hi a
U .1 , .
th Chinese and the Japanese, an work
ing to fill their boxes. h ,
These campers of evsr color coma aa
fully prepared to oamp aa tf they wars
going out for an extended vacation In
the mountains or st ths coast. They
ooanblne business with pleasure,
At ths camp one see the real Ufa of
the earn ping hop-picker. Three hundred
tents si axe up a Uttle community, and
the tented villas is a curiosity to many.
Hera you and an up-to-date grocery
store, a wheel of fortune, a knife and
can rack, a bunkhouse, a dance hall,
flrst-clsss at that, M feet by I. covered
with fir boughs and the blue canopy of
heaven, and surrounded at night by a
sea of face and crowded with eager
dancers. It la th supreme attract ion of
the day.
Off ta on comer you Snd th Indian
village, a community, by them serves, ex
cepting a now and then a curious crowd
gather around to see them at their
games of c ha nee, or their squaws mak
ing their willow basket Ones In a
while. - by' diversion, they bar touched
the fir water, and tha music they make
brings around them the full delegation
of the small boy at th hopyard.
Off by themselves yon will find a com
munity from soms town la th valley.
As at on camp wa found a street layed
off, and Bis tents represented tb rest
dents of that section. Houses num
bered I, t. S. 4, I and S war ach desig
nated and th avenue was named Mon
mouth street. In another corner was
found a delegation who had named their
street from tha tree that formed Its
boundary, sailing It Mapls street, and
at ths entrance of one of these vil
lage waa placed th word Broadway.
In one camp wa found a bevy of
rosy-cheeked girts: la another a row of
old bachelors, whose courage had long
sines been token away, and thsy seemed
doomed to the Life af th desolate.
Around On Indian oamp was number
of th curious, who were inspecting the
latest bom American, an Indian child
brought forth, ta this world la a hop
oamp.
In th Itose yard there are tU acres
of hopa Th ptoksrs ar divided Into
six division, three box tenders and
ticket men to a division, th plexors to
save tha hops, three dryers with three
dry kllna to ths dryer, capable of hand
ling 1,50 boxes of hops a day, ths
equivalent of 11,000 pounds of hops, snd
nine firemen to dry them. This is a par
tial picture of a S0-acre undertaking In
the hop Ufa To each picker th-tre Is an
average of 1 baxa of bop. w p-r
d- v tur eh ne.n, woman a d a v "
. t t . U-K Mr. .
t 1 A W4 -
,JH BUTTONS .
a littl over ene-half of each dap. tt
thsy could pick ths whole day they
would average la plae of H boxes aa
asay four boxes per day. Ws see them
stsndlng under the Tinas 7. SO fingara
ar busy to that Ill-acre yard, and th
hopa go Into th baskets so rapidly that
when the day baa been eompleted 11,1
bushels of hops bare been picked. Wheat
the box is filled you hear their wee
roles as thsy sing out th "box fuH,"
which will entitle them to th Ucket;
and when they hare picked a Tin so
that they cannot reach tb bops yon
will hear their clarion vole ringing out.
"hop pols" or "wire down," and soon a
man will com along1 and . lower their
vines for them. Then, too, as yon walk -through
th yard you will hear th bus
sing voice, the asking; of ths slght
ssara to help pick; tb grumbling of th
ticket boss when the hop are a littl
heavy, or hava too many stems In them;
th complaint of on picker if the box
is not emptied right away; the calling
by tha mother of the little children who
would rather play than work, and tha
snatches of song that you oatah by
those who ar musically Inclined. This
Is tha plctur that present Itself to
the sightseer.
Th floor f th hop kiln Is covered
with hops at a depth ranging from I
to II inches, according to tha ripened
condition of the .hops tha riper ther
are the mora that can ba dried, at en
time. Th hophous la made with a
drying apparatus below, consisting of a
furnace, or Iron hop store, from which
extends a largo pip 'carrying tha hot
air around the room Juat below the floor
of tha hop kiln. The floor of th hop
kiln Is oovarsd with a slatted floor,
plaeed about one-half to tkrae-quartora
Inch apart, and th slats about on
Inch wide, this then being covered with
a kiln cloth that will admit the heat
from below. Ths beat passes through
this floor and Into and through tha
hops and drtea them. When tha fir to
bunt ths burning or tn euipnur ta tn
firing room to also eommenoed. although
soms growers do not comma noe to burn
sulphur until ths hsat baa passed
through th hops and Is perceptible In
the bin above. In drying at tha pres
ent Urns they us from three quarter
to on pound of sulphur to a box of
hops. Formerly they need groat sight
to '1 pounds for 1 boxes. A grower
here soms years ago heard that th
hopa would bleach better by using asor
sulphur, and contrary to tha advtoa of
th growers generally, who stated that
he would spoil hla hop If he did o,
he need th quantity now ussd by th
rrowere, with the result that year his
bops sold la open competition to tb
English market at ths very highest prtos,
their coloring bslng perfect. Th sul
phur Is used t bleach tha hopa and gtr
them their rich golden color. A box of
bops weighing I , pounds will weigh,
from II to 14 pounds when dried. A
hop kiln Stxtf la espabl of drying; 1SS
boxes of hops. After they are dried
thoroughly they ar take and placed
In a big bin forming? a cooling room,
where they stay for soma II to II day
snd pas through a sweating process t
snd ar ready to be baled for ta
market,
Baling doth pieced ta th bating:
press, the hops are shoveled from the
bin above into the top of the baler until
the press I filled, then a tore I usd
which presses the hops Into oblsng bale
averaging In weight from 171 to 1
pound to th bale. After being pressed
they are sowed up ta th baling elota,
wbea they axe ready for th marksc.
They are then taken t th warobows,
sampled by the growers and sold. Thus
ends the hop season for ths year tn so
far aa tha public generally to oonosrned.
The grower must go back to his yard,
take up sU the stakes and pile them, out
off the top of the vine, burning t
trass, leaving nothing but tha roe
on tha field. Th bottom yards a-
thus cleared off. High water cow
upon them and covers them, give tt
soil sn seretlon from ths overflow er
renews and strvngthen It: thus XV
yard never becomes unproductive fr
constant us, snd ths crop is a stee
every year crop. He who has snot
money t stand th strain of a per
of hard times, and will ma bis r
continuously whether htsrb or tow v
prevail, will make big money In tt
dustry, but he who enters for r
year er two and without enousli e
to bask htm up hi case of a fil
price, take ths ehanee of hat
er fortune as the m t may --
year. Tata IS the r of
mduetry rrom rts fl isifrw'
Polk county trt IM to the
when kr Bros. pi 4 tr
yard In t a
the 1 a -
P"