'J!
;'i.T;:.
(Special Comspoodeae of Tha JoanuT.) ' (crudest txopbl from her muuumi and I
T. LOUIS. April 27.--Probably I palace ancient and fantastic armor.
in nrat piac to wnicn tn step I costumes er vry auction of th rac.
of the Oregonian who are in I mualcal instruments . of Strang Shape I
St. Loula to tha opening-of . the I and ' weird tone these unfold the vforyl
great fair wl b turned la old Fort I of this wonderful people.
Clataop, ' tha Oregon ' building. Orlm I Tha two graat buildings Manufae-
and rugged of rough log with lulling I turaa bulldlnc and Palace of Varied. In-
towcra and loop-holed walla It atartlea Iduatrle have been aat aalda for the
tha eight amid tha way aplandor of tha I rare and expensive exhibit of manu-
urroundlng building by Ha a Urn con- 1 facturea alone. Four great natlone I
. top
s
t .-.. ..i ... : . . .. a . "".v.. . . . . , .. .. . . . 1 I II i
trait with them, telling of tha daya
when civilisation In tha- Paclflo north
weat wa young.
Located on about, tha htgheat ground
In Foreat park appropriately placed aa
if .agalnat attack-7-and on the atreet
leading from the Feetlval hall to tha
Oermany, Franoa, Great Britain and the
United States are moat conaptcuoui
among the exhlbltora. Japan and Aus
tria are alao well represented.
The display of Jewelry. Is one of the I
moat valuable and noteworthy to . be I
found In these palaces. "Ornamental
Lnlted Statea government building, aa Iron work, silk manufacture, tapestries,
well aa all 'the state ' buildings, few I furniture, stationery, wallpaper and
visitors will not pass the Oregon build- I other branches of manufacturing are
lng. The sidewalk Ilea within 10 feet nown.
oj the wings. , I From Its commanding position over-
Q. Y. Harry of Portland, who baa I looking the Caacade Gardens the focal
charge of the construction work on tha I point of the exposition the noble Pal
building said yesterday. ". " ace of Art with lta raiment of pure
"I think, taking all things Into con-iwnite. glistened in the noonday sun to
slderation, we have the very best loday. and the masterpieces of sculpture
cated state building on the world s fair I crowning the facade looked down upon
grounds. ' It will make splendid head
quarters for tha Lewis and Clark fair.
Thousands, of people can be reached
from the front door. With the front
veranda and yard beautiful with flower
and shrubbery and a fringe of lovely
Oregon , ferns around the base 'of the
enormous stone chimney, the place will
be all tho more attractive. The great
seal of the skate of ' Oregon' will ' float
on a flag flying from the mast In the
Center of the belvedere, having for
companlona the emblem of the Lewis
and Clark fair flying on each wing of
the main building, while far In the rear,
from a staff out ef the center of each
the throngs that besieged the" wide en
trances eager to pay tribute to the most
general representation of the art In the
world that has. ever been attempted.
This is the million dollar palace, the
costliest ' of all the exposition struc
tures. It Is made up of four distinct
pavilions.' In theae great exhibition
halls, France ia accorded some 160.000
aquare feet of wall space, while Great
Britain, Germany, Italy, Spain and other
foreign . countries have been liberally
accorded space-according to their needs.
Russia, alone. Is officially unrepresented.
with the land. In the Palace of Agricul
ture he la able to compare notes, for he
sees the results of study and practice
but 1b the numerous , Joan collections about soil and water, charts, census of
which form a prominent part of the ex-I animals, a history of agriculture In its
bastiort on the extreme corners dC- thaJh,D,tlon th masterpieces of a number I successive changes, .and of the fluctua
stockade. Old Glory will keep watch and
vigil as the sturdy, rough and ready
pioneers in the old daya kept watch
along the barrel of the rifle from the
block house tower for tha stealthy foe."
But, however attractive - Oregon's
building la for Oregoniana and for all
who know the etory t the pioneers,
there are many thousands of other won
ders about Forest park to permit any
one or. them to monopolise attention.
The bbildings exceed In magnificence
those of tho Chicago exposition, which
led the world for a decade.
In place of the mammoth palace such
as the Manufactures building at the
Columbian exposition-there are three
great structures at the Louisiana, Pur
chase exposition devoted to a display
of the most representative products Of
the world's skilled labor. They are the
Manufactures building, the Liberal Arts
building and the Varied Industries build
ing.
xne vanea industries building is a
magnificent structure on the outer peri'
meter of the. main picture of tha fair.
The building has over 160,000 square feet
. of exhibition space, all on the ground
floor. In the center of the north ' fa
cade Is a low dome flanked by towera
of the great. Russian artists, including I tlons In the prices of land, rents, labpr.
the immortal Verestehagin, who went
down In the Petropavlovsk, are die
played. ' Japan . la better represented
than at any previous exposition. . Even
Mexico and several South American
countries have pre-empted several thou
sand square feet of space.
In the American section the most emi
nent of American artists and sculptors
are well and creditably represented.
Among them are John S. Sargent w. M.
Chase, Kenyon Cox, -a A. Abbey, John
LaFarge, Lorado Taft and F. E. Millet
France contributes more than 1,000 pro
ductions in painting and sculptures.
In the British sectlqn are some of the
livestock, crops and animal products. In
stltutlons, co-operative sooietles, com
munitlcs and associatiena that deal with
or take part In experiments and the ad'
vancement of. farming are well repre
sented. The central portion of the
building haa been devoted to the United
Statea. Corn Is king In the Iowa nee
tlon; North Dakota, Kansas and other
statea make a conspicuous showing of
their wheat; the south displays her cot
ton, and Kentucky outstrips the world
with her exhibit of tobacco.
Collections of insects, of vegetable
parasites, of plant and of animals; ap
pliances for - destroying injurious in
choicest exhibits, bearing signatures of sect and plant diseases; silk worms and
men whose name are known through- bees and their various products, are
out me woria or art es, ror instance. I shown, Tha hrwr hiv mnnmuiiiuri
Sir John Gilbert, Sir Frederick Leigh- Un entire section, while another section
ton. Watt and Erckhelmer. A close is devoted to a display of agricultural
wunu iu ino cnuun display JB me uer- MmnlRmenta and maphinorv In hw(M.
um u wuun, wmuu comprises some 01 1 mg variety,
V hi e-.ii-r(V. e ih. " occupying a conspicuous location t
l e.:glilr,?ll' ..?I?.CLrtgTtf th outh and west of the Liberal Art
Bavaria, the Imperial academy and the
German National gallery. Belgium, Hol
land, spam, Austria, and the . Scandi
navian countries uxewise are repre- ..ri
mnntmA hv ..vl-a1 t.iinrtr.rf fr.m.. V uiouinuigjr.
about 200 feet high, which afford ample I everal of th world's most famoua
pace for electrical display, and Illumi
nation. The Manufactures building 1
located symmetrically with the Varied
Industrie building, and both are in the
first view of the picture of lagoon, cas
cade and hanging garden,- which th j
painting being Includede In ' the Dutch
and Spanish art display.
The noiseless motion of amooth-ru li
ning machinery and it mile of shaft
ing ha an Irresistible fascination alike
visitor get as he enter the ground by for mechanic and student and the crowds
the main entrance. Southeast of the I today, lingered long in the Machinery
Manufacture bulldlnr la the Liberal buuainge, great-parallelogram - true-
Art building, and almost of equaLie.Iture, .625 feet by 1.000 feet. Here. Ja the
In these three buildings 18 acre of 1 main puuamg ana its annex, are the1
floor space are ' devoted to ' exhibit. I great englnea which furnish the power
Whether handiwork. 1 the result of in-1 o tne exposition. . The engine, with
trlcate machinery, the display of the I the pumps, condensers and other machln-
product of human Ingenuity haa here ery, occupy an area of 200,000 square
reached It culminating point The I ft
amount of space granted to foreign gov-1 seen
In t clbs assoelatton are to be.
a gas enginfi, from .Tegcl. Ger-
erhmenta wa necessarily so large that I many, a hlgH-wpeed steam engine from
les than one-fourth wa left to exhib-1 Harriaburg, Pa., a medium-speed steam
itors of the United State. Nevertheless
it Is the greatest showing in manufac-
engine from Cincinnati, a low-ani
steam engine from Burlington, la., a tur- of other space within the walls of the
building and ' separated from that im
poslnar edifice by the sunken garden
stand the magnificent structure devoted
The building
is the largest provided for mining ex
hlbits at any exposition.
Each state of the United States make
splendid showing, and nearly ' every
exniDit is snown in a pavilion con
structed of a characteristic mineral.
stone or product of the state. Partfcu
larly notable are the copper displays of
Montana and northern Michigan.. - the
coal exhibits of Pennsylvania. West
Virginia, Indiana and other states, the
lead and sine of Missouri and the va
riety of ores and minerals found in
Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, California and
other states -of the west There are
costly exhibits of sliver from Mon
tana, various jewels from North Caro
lina, gold from California and onyx and
priceless marbles from Missouri, Ver
mont and other states of the union.
On the four miles of track and acre
ture and liberal art that the United 1 bine water wheel from San Francisco, Palace of Transportation is illustrated
Btates na ever auempiea. . operated oy water forced through a
- In the Palace of Liberal Art the pump from Jeanesville, Pa., a S.000
treasure of science, art and Industry horsepower steam turbine from Belgium,
are assembled. v-- , an . 8.000 horse-power steam turbine
China Is better represented than any from New York, another steam turbine
previous exhibition In th history of th4 from Pittsburg and a number of reclo
world. . Ancient w manuscripts, books 1 rocating steam engines from other lo-j stands a locomotive weighing over 200,
mag. inouMDa. m mIBni ubito. wm. . . , , - 000 pounds. Through the medium of
uvrg aw wio iiBiii, wui ui Kuvieuv u.rv-1 t unuuv . ir anowieage 01 agricui-i compressed air the wheel of the loco
r in worn una mkuioi i pnTia lumi cneramiry me iwentietn century I motive revolve at a speed of 60 miles
when the tools employed were of the 1 farmer is not fully equipped for the fight J an hour while the turntable slowly
the evolution of transportation methods
rrom the flatboat and packhorse of
olden' times to the ocean greyhounds and
trains de luxe of the present day.
in the center of the Immense struc
ture upon an elevated steel turntable
4
PAI-ACE OF TRAlMSPORTATiOiM
carries the great engine around and
around by electric power. Headlights
of piercing brilliancy on the locomotive
throw electric searchlight rays to every
part of the building. , Every leading
railway of the United States and Can
ada is represented, together with some
of the roads of - Great Britain, France
and Germany.
Next In Importance to the railway ex
lllblt 1 the department devoted to road
vehicle. This comprint) j every va
rlety of vehicle, from the bicycle to the
126.000 Automobile.
But the feature of the transportation
exhibit that undoubtedly will attract the
moat attenion from the general public
will be tho airship contest planned for
this 'summer. The exposition has
offered a grand price of $100,000 to the
airship which shall make the best record
over a prescribed course, at a speed of
not less than 20 miles an hour. Quite a
large number of aeronauts, including
the redoubtable Santos-Dumont, have
announced their Intention of competing.
on BinKer hill, a short distance south
of the agriculture building, la the palace
of horticulture. The structure is In
the shape of a Greek cross with a center
pavilion and two wings.
The eastern wlug of the building is al
most entirely of glass, and is used as a
conservatory. The pomological ex
hibits occupy the greater part of the
central pavilion. Occupying the very
center of the pavilion is an elaborate
palm exhibit. The remainder of the
four acres of the pavilion are taken up
with the display of fruits.
There are magnificent tree fernx and
tropical plants from Australia. Japan
has about one-third of a section, and
Germnrfy about the ame. Other proml
nent foreign exhibitors are Belgium,
France and Great Britain.
Another Interesting .feature is a real
tea garden.
The palace of electricity is one of the
most popular show-places of the big
fair. ,
Under the roof of this mammoth
structure all types of machines for the
generation and utilization of electrical
energy are. exhibited, both for direct and
alternating currents and transformer,
the use of which makes possible the
long-distance transmission of energy
now so common in America. The dis
play include electric motor for rail
ways, elevators, cranes, printing presses
and the like. One of the novelties
shown is the application of electricity
for the purification of water for drink
ing purposes.
Some of the features that appear most
conspicuous are the exhibits of th-i
multiplex telegraph, by means of which
several messages may be sent over the
same wire, and mechanisms designed
to transmit messages at an almost In
credible rate of speed. All of these are
shown In practical operation.
Wireless telegraphy, which many be
lieve destined to become a powerful
rival of the present system, occupies a
most prominent ponitlon among the elec
trical exhibits. The largest wireless
telegraph station in the world Is nov
building on tho exposition grounds.
From It it is proposed to Bend messages
to cities throughout the western
country. .
Near the northwestern corner of thi
grounds stands a large building In which
are grouped the exhibits of forestry,' fish
and game. Natural woods are shown
by foreign nations, and the states and
territories of the United States. The
products of the various woods, finished
or partially finished, ia shown by. lndl
vldual exhibitor or firms.
Oregon's exhibit in the line I pit-
doubtedly the finest shown at the fair.
. Among the foreign countries which
are represented in the building are Hon
duras. Japan the land of the Mikado
having an elaborate display of camphor
production Mexico, Germany. Ecuador,
Brain, trance, . ureal Britain, Australia,
Canada, Italy, Slam, New South Wales
and Paraguay.
Outside the buildings are many acres
Bet apart for demonstrations of govern'
ment methods of tree planting and for
est . management. The exhibit of
Germany in this branch is fully a large
and comprehensive as that made, by
the forestry bureau at Washington.
Interest In the fish and game groups
centers in the collection of live fish and
game displayed by a number of states.
Tho aquarium occupies a space 185 feet
long by 35 feet wide. There are a num
ber of pools, some of them 40 feet long,
for the display of marine' specimens of
large site. - There are fishes - from the
South sea nnd fishes from the frozen
deeps of Labrador.
In other parts of this palace of won
ders pre to be seen flocks of live birds,
such as. the pheasant, the quail and the
turkey.
The department of anthropology is
not confined, as usually, to the dead
past One of the permanent Washing
ton university buildings is devoted to
relics and Inanimate exhibits of the de
partment of anthropology. More inter
esting, however,' 1 that branch of an
thropology which occupies a large tract
of ground Just outhwt of th univer
sity building. A ' park haa been laid
out in which are located villages occu
pied by representative families from va
rious primitive , peoples. . Included la
this outdoor branch of the department
of anthropology are workshops of the
Indians, types of buildings of native"
construction according to th architec
ture prevailing among the least civilised. -
Festival hall, the biggest -auditorium
on the exposition grounds, stand Just
in front of the Art palace at the head
of . the main cascade, on the top of Cas
cade hllL at the center from, which. th -
avenues of the exposition's-main- plc- ;
ture raaiate nice the ribs of a fan.- It
Is one of the most ornate buildings on
the fair grounds, although It 1 small
compared. to. tha big exhibit palace.
The auditorium of Festival hall will -
seat several thousand' listeners, while
the stage Is equal ot the accommodation
of a chorus ot 2,000 or more voice. In
th rear of the stage Is th great organ.
a masterpiece of 20th-century, workman
ship, with its 6,000 pipes, its 140 stops
and Its numerous mechanical accessories
never before employed. 'Durinsr the -
months of June, July and August Fes
tival hall will be the seen of a series
of festivals on a scale never before at
tempted, and to be participated In by
musical clubs and societies from nearly
every state in the union. An appropria
tion of nearly half a million dollars has
been made by the exposition for bands '
of all nations, which upon occasion will -be
assembled into One freat band of
2,000 pieces. , ,
Dust Vice Spray 5 for Trees
From I the Chicago Tribune. .
Within the past -few years there has
been developed in some of the western
. states, and especially in Missouri, a new
method of spraying: fruit trees Bd
; plants.- 'While the term commonly em
ployed is ''spraying," It . Is not spraying
at ail, but rather is "dusting." The
new, method Is simply to use lime dust
as a conveyor for poisons and fungicides.
Tha dusting process has been developed,
to some, extent by orohardlsts who had
not sufficient water supply, or whose
orchards were so large that they oould
not be sprayed with ' liquid at the
proper time, or - whose orchards , were
located on hilly ground,, over which a
heavy tank of liquid ' spray mixture
couia not De . hauled when the ground
r Is oft ' - i -
- Lime dust, with ' which: parts' Ixeen
had been mixed, has been used to "pray
potatoes against potato bugs for a num
ber of years, so that when orchardlata
began to cast j about for . aomethfng- -to
supersede liquid spraying, the use of
: Urn dust at one suggested Itself, The
first dusters wer small hand -machines,
with bellows, which forced the dust
from a receptacle holding' perhaps
gallon of . lime dust
Laer machines " of different styles
have, been developed, and larger ma
chines have beefc made, utilising the re
volving fan, sucCKas is used in the newer
blacksmith forges, to furnish the draft
Th 11m dust simply fall Into this
strong draft and 1 carried to th
tree. u,;,-V. V. ? ''-;
The first persons who used this
method of fighting insects simply add (d
pari green to lime dust and applied to
the, foliage of their trees. Later it was
desired to use the powder as a fungicide
as well as an lnsectioide, and a powderJ
which wa intended to take the place or
Bordeaux mixture was mad by slak
ing Urn with a bluestone solution. This
has been used almost exclusively as
"dry Bordeaux mtsturelL by all. who em
ployed , the dust process, with varying;
result. . - , , - - , ,
'Last summer there wer .humorous
complaints that this Bordeaux mixture
did not prevent damage .; from ' apple
cab,, and at the request of the horticul
tural department ot - the Missouri'' ex
periment station. Dr. Bird, acting chem
ist-of ' the station., made some experi
ments in an endeavor to perfect, a, dry
Bordeaux ' mixture which . would be
efficacious." t ' 1 V
Dr. Bird recommends that the blue
s,tone solution be strained through flour
sacKS, tnus retaining the copper sul
phate In the form of very fine., particles.
This is then mixed with air-slaked lime,
which absorbs the remaining moisture,
and the copper element is thoroughly
distributed among the particles of lime.
When ready to use, this stock solution
is mixed with other air-slaked or ground
lime, and applied to the trees. If a poi
son1 (s wanted, parts green , or London
purple Is added to the mass.. : . ,
The' advantages Of the dust are that
the work can be done much ; more
quickly. And. the cost is not' nearly so
great v A wagon with enough prepared J
nme to spray an entire orchard will
not weigh nearly so much as a tank
nnea with the liquid" mixture, it can
be-hauled through the orchard when a
tank filled with water would mire In
the qft earth. . The' work of applying
the dust can be done so much more
quickly and it is especially suited for
use in large orchard.
A large' force1 is required to 'properly
spray a large Orchard,, for the work 'of
spraying , 1 hot like plowing or any
other farm work wheij one tree, needs
spraying,, all the trees in the orchard
need it. - - .
', A number of person whou. use the
dust' process begin, this -work about- 8
or 4 o'clock In the morning and continue
until the de." has gone from the trees.
While some claim that moisture on the
leaves Is not necessary, it is undoubtedly
true that best results are secured when
the dust Is applied to damp foliage.
As to the comparative merits of the
dust and liquid processes opinions dif
fer. Most persons claim that the liquid
Is more efficacious. The lessened ex
pense Of the dust, however, and the
fact that it can be used in orchard
which are almost lnaccesible with liquid
outfits, . makes the dust process more"
popular.
Still other persons claim that the
dust process produces better fruit than
the liquid because of the fact that the
poison can be used at almost any
strength with the dust process, while In
using the liquid process one must be
careful to not burn the foliage. ,
When the dust process was first dis
cussed In Missouri, orchardist in other
parts of-the country hooted at the Idea:
But so popular haa the dust process be
come where ft has been investigated that
last season the New 'fork experiment
station, as well as a great many others,
experimented with the dust and report
satisfactory results. . These experiment
will Je carried on- again this summer
all over the country. , w -J
From th Springfield o (Lane Co.) News,
When county party -lines are drawn
too tight they are apt to prove detri
mental to tho county.
PAT MAQEE'S WITH.
Lena Barrington, in Longman's Magazine.
Livn' wld Pat Magee,
In a cabin foment the bay,
Sea in front an' bog behind,
Sthretchin' for miles away.
An' often he comes an' says
"Honey," he says, says he
"Do ye ever repent the day that ye went
An married wld Pat Magee T
There's a bit av a childle now, .
Playln' around the floor,
Runnln' about wld a laugh an' a shout
In and out av the door;
Mick wld his father's eyes-
Bits av the sky for blue,
An alch hair av his head like a golden
thread, i
An th voice av his father, too. '
An' often he comes an' says .
"Honey," he. says, says he
"Do ye ever repent the day that ye went
An married , wld Pat Magee r
Never be tell In' a man-
All that he'd like to know, ,
Give him the half ay the whole that he
wants. -
An' he'll love ye the better o; o
But times I misdoubt he know,-
That IU never repent . the day that I
i went . r "..('i,,.,
An" married wld Pat Magee, -
Cheese, Venerable in History
New cheese, the announcement of
whose readiness to mingle in the giddy
wniri, or market operations recently whs
made in this department, is beginning to
scramble into the markets reserved
seats. If it could speak and some of it
almost can It could reel off yards cf
interesting matter pertaining to its an
cestry. . The history of cneese is as old
as some grades of limburger appear to
oe. it is positively known tMat it was In
business as long ago as 1400 B. C. Many
scriptural references to cheese are bet
ter translated as "curdled milk." The
Greeks are supposed to have been the
first to push the good thing along. When
Homer scratched off th Iliad he stopped
every, few minutes to get Inspiration,
from a chunk of cheese. Aristotle one
had occasion to refer to the "rennetinc
of milk with the. sap of s, fig." and ev
erybody know he was talking about
cheese. ' Hippocrates frequently touched
upon It did Columella and rilny. The
Romans : discovered limburger, aed' the
fall . of their ; empire followed in due
season;; The early Karyptlans manufac
tured a-certain tu n nit from sheep's milk,
then from gont's milk, the product from
the latter evn t m.Iv ht-insr called but
ter. It Is ti.i fit "Aleck" the Cn-.it;
never began a conquest 'unless h wss
well supplied with fancy cream cheese,
and Mark Antony couldn't possibly hav
thought of his splendid tribute to th
fallen Caesar If h hadn't had a slice or
two just before he mounted the steps. '
There are approximately 160 different
varieties of cheese served up to th
American palate at the : prevent ,. time.
Last year, which wa by far the great
est in the history of the cheese industry, '
something Ilka 800,000,000 pounds of the
product were handed out , , Annually
about 1,000,000 pounds are Imported
from abroad, half of this amount, ex
clusive of the v boles, coming , from
Switzerland alone.... Cheese depends for
Its-characteristics upon the kind of milk
used,- upon, the process of making, upon
seasoning, and particularly vpon .; "I
tlons incident to the rlp'nli'ii it i
curing. . Many grades of . r
fit .for the tont:H-)i, S-"t i
scientists y tftflt r- f
of nourishment an i r
life.
mor'ts: ti -u ts-
ft
Vxn'