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, 1
THE OREGON V SUNDAY JOURNAL. PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, MAY 1, 1C04.
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Both Sides of the
a".' I
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II II ' 1-
OUUU1C111
' (Cflprrlcbt, ' 1604, by the Amerlcta-Jounul
, f ( f Exsmlner.)
fay xuu wmUc wooos.)
Tn then mad daya of atrife and strain,
When lir aeame but a race for gain.
The world's .Imperative great nerd
- la men who are not alavca to creed;
Maw who . prise honor more than gold,
' Men who are never bought nor aold.
Men Who In off 19s, home nr mart
Are straight Of thought and clean
' haart; ,
Though nil unknown In hall of state,
'. Such men alone make nations great.
of
kHE children of the mill havo long
been or Interest to my mind, and
all that I have heard and read
of them haa appealed to my aym
" pathles. Therefore when returning north
from a Visit to Cuba I made It In my
way to visit aome of the cotton mllla In
South Carolina and Georgia,
i This ia what I aaw In one of the beat
conducted mllla: perhapa the very beat
In all the south, An office boy or l
' was my guide. Ha told me ha had
' worked In tha aplndle room and other
- departments since he waa nine, and now
enjoyed, the dlatlnctlon of being office
boy. .
; , J looked at him with lnteroit, and aaw
a anmewhat underalaad boy, of prepoa
'. sesslng appearanca. Intelligent and bual
' nesallka, and, apparently, la good health.
He led ma up a winding atalrway Into
a room which I thought a patidamonlum
of noise, but later compared ,to other
rooms tn tha mill It aeeraed a quiet re
sort. . .. .. ,
. - Men and boys of II and upwards wars
employed In this department,- where tha
. great machines were fed with tha raw.
cotton There were many rooms, all
nolay. all hot' all Ailed with tha flying
particles of cotton which permeated tha
air like dust
We came finally to the department I
had been waiting to ee the aplndle
room, wbara the children ware . am'
ployed.
n one open window sat three young
glrla. perhapa IS years of age, taking
a few momenta' reaplta. They ware chat
ting together, and while they looked
aoilad and sallow, they did not appear
to be alckly children.
In the hundreda or people employe a
in this mill I aaw, 'I think, perhapa
10 children under 11.' In other mllla
the average Is greater. Two little boys
not over nine years of age ware racing
at their taaka taking out tha Ailed
spindles and supplying the empty onea.
Their handa flew so rapidly It was be
wildering to watch them. . Tbey were
laughing with each other, and aeveral
others near them were intaraated In tha
race. ' .
Twelve Hoars Toil for Terty-Vour Cents
These boys were pallid faoed and thin
cheeked, and narrow cheated. After
warda I waa assured thla waa tha 'type'
of the poor white people in this lo
calityeven in the country.
A little girl was attending two rows
of spindles. . "
'8he cannot be over eight years old."
I remarked to my guide, as I pauaed
near the child.' '
"Hardly that" he replied. "She Is
about seven."" '.
"How much does aha earn f
"Forty-four centa ,day.i: . '. ,
"How tnny hours does she work-to
earn thlsF..... i
Twelve, taking out forty minutes at
noon for dinner." v , ,
The little girl waa round cheeked and
smiling. She seemed to reel pnae in
being the object of our attention.
I asked the boy If there were many
accidents. ,,,..,.,,.., t
"Very few." he said, "Onoa In awhile
soma one geta oareleas and gets hurt
but not often.'
In a room Ailed with lads and lassies
of 15 to 18 yeara. I aaw. many hollo
cheats and pale facea. Ia the weaving
room, where the' noise, the heat and the
cotton dust are beyond description I
found myaelf growing hysterical and
was obliged to retreat hut in the few
moments I was there I notloed the pal
lor and emaciation of the women'a faces
under their white caps, worn to keep tho
cotton from their hair. But what keeps
It from tneir lungar ., , .
This work is all done by the piece,
and in 11 hours something over a dol
lar can be earned. - -;.
I left the mill sick at haart and feel
Ing that I tmtst chsnge the conditions
of tho working world before morning.
. Then I proceeded to find some ot the
mothers of the children employed tn the
mills. X called on one whose three
daughters, now grown women, have been
mill workers for the past If years. The
oldest girl had been employed 14 years.
One of the daughters came home dur
ing my call. She la a piece hand and
can leave' whenever she wtsms. She
was a pretty, girl, and while not abso
lutely robust seamed to be In good
health. '
-"It is a mighty hard life," she an
swered my inquiries by Baying. Tea,
shorter hours, would make It easier, but ,
then we oouldn't earn enough to keep
us.-' . , A ., y,- ;., '
me little children did not seem un
happy tn their work." X remarked. .'They
were laughing and cheerruf -i 5 ? , , ,
. "yes, they don't know- what they are
doing till later," aha aald. "Then they
hate It, to think of ail that they, have
lost" .,y. ,; : - , , y.j-m- i
Tea Oaats a Say for Oooatry OhUdren,
"But It's better than work tn the coun
try," aald tha mother, who looked as if
aha hen lived a thousand years, so
seamed and furrowed was her face.
"There children only gat 10 or II cants
a day, and nothing nourishing; to eat!
' Another woman who lived in tha mill
row, but who had no children employed
there, told me the children were- eager
to go to work and earn money, and pre
ferred the toil to country labor.
They take pride in earning," she said,
'and seem happy whan they go to work;'
though it does seem a shame for such
little ones to be shut up 11 hours a day
in that nolay, hot place. But the' mill
owners and auperlntandenta are Very
kind to them, and have a school for
them. That is something they did not
have In the country." .'"
Another told me that the small child
ran rarely worked more than four full
days a week,- ' ' , . v
The president In one mill the best tn
Georgia and his wife, who works In a
missionary way among the people, as
sured me that the children i under II
yeara of age. were only allowed tn his
mill. through? the pleadings of parents. ,
Tree Sohool fcr raotory C&ildrea.
"The 'work would be done more ex
peditiously and safely by older hands,"
they aald, "but when parents urge the
necessity or having their children em
ployed we yield to them. There la no
law In the state against child labor, but
we have an understood law of proteat
hare agalnaf engaging children under
II. Added to -this, we have a school
where we give the children of our em
ployes under II free tuition, c They had
never attended school n the country be
fore coming to work in the mllla,1; ,
f This sohool and the '.''Home of the
haltering Anna." where . infanta and
nuraary children are cared for while
their parents work, lure both maintained
at tna expense or the mill owners. ,
i The superintendent of this mill was
spoken of with much esteem-by both
employes and outside Battles, j .
Meantime the T statement ' that email
children are hot wanted in the mills muat
race the fact that northern capital has
been Invested in Georgia and Carolina
mills simply because thoaa states allowed
child labor, and the work could be carried
on at much lees sxpense than when older
people performed all tha tasks.
X man well known In ' the world of
flsanoe, whom 1 met while traveling,' a
cloae friend of Andrew Canwgie and
Oitjvar 'Cleveland, and other 'national
figures, aaaured me he had seen little
children leave the mills so exhausted
that they fell asleep on the around, un
able to reach home! and In. the same
mills many mutilated bands ware to be
aaen. , ."r; ; r . , - i " " : " - .
My own observations ' and Inquiries,
however, during nearly a week, failed to
discover any parallel cases, and I came to
the eonolualpn that mlllowners and man
agers, ware like many ether claases of
men diver ae la types and the good.
the" bad and . the Indifferent might be
found among them.;!,;' 1 .,',t'.u
ttinmary of Child labor Conditions.
Regarding the whole subject of child
labor in thai eoutn .came to we lonow-
ins concluslonst-.r.i-''.;i- '"' V
rtrat-The parenta daalre their children
to work In . the miui. v,
Beoond Both parents and children pre
far the Ufa,, the wages they receive, the
chances . or advancement, ana ine rooa
they are able to buy, to the life they
formerly led ID the country, for it la to
be understood that the mill handa art
recruited from the very poor white popu
lation. . - -s- vi v;';-i'' 's 'i'C:, ,'V "T'..'
Third The number of children under 11
working In the mills was leas than
anticipated, and lha frequency of acci
dents rarer, and tna attuuae or ine em
ployes more cheerful. ; ,
FourthGreater , conaideration waa
ahown them in many waya than X ex
pected was the case. No doubt the agi
tation regarding the subjeot of child labor
haa produced lhee reeuita. .
Fifth The effects of - this labor In the
hot 'noisy, crowded rooms, in a cotton
dust-Ailed air, for 11 hours and more a
day, must be lnjurioua to growing child
ren, and must mar them mentally and
physically. : v;"-
Sixth Tha tnduatry which depends for
sueceaa upon tho la Dor or women ana
children under such conditions for 11 or
It hours a day ought to falL .
Seventh The t country whloh - cannot
orevent the neceealty for such eondltiims
ought not to talk of freedom and liberty
and Independence.
It la not for my feminine brain to aur-
geat the remedy for this unfortunati
state of things. - .
yTvyfTfyTTyTTytfyyTyyfVfTyTai
Two lawa' however.:4 enforced. would
help to do away with child labor, vis:
a vagrancy law, and a law for compul
sory education. ' ,V -f'i''. t -
amny ui in i at nara or 101 mm cnuarea
are dubbed "bucket toUr" In tht south,
(not their sole occupation t to carry
thai sflnnaet abi tl 4a eke, ikiMiMia b-.V.m
" w --- aa iv ftssej eyiiiiuivip waiu puy"
port them In idleneaa. Could thaae men
be forced to work and the children be
oompellad to attend achool, the first aUp.
toward reform would be made.; ;,;'; ' '
No man, and no woman who worke in ;
doors. ; should labor , more than eight.
. au w, .a uvHia, uui"
aver hard, does not aan the vital. forcea
as much as eight hour between walls.
But it is Useless to naaa elaht-hour lawa
la any, auto where across tha border 11
is the rule. ., " . , .
Such a law simply tneana eloalnsj tha
mills In one sUte and the migration of
the piece-hand laborers to be emDlovad '
u nours eiaewnare. s .- . ; '-.-..;.;
The law muat be unlveraal to nroduca
any benefit to humanity.. How such a re
ault Is to. be brought about my, woman's '
gram . cmiduv conniT. out mouga the
mills bf God grind slowly, yet they erlnd
exceedingly small,", and in time all
wivusjaj w na . a isukfju saiju aiiss cjMiajtel su j
Justice will be. mora evenly balanced.
Whan the money mania reaches even
the 41 1 tie -children -of the land, and ther .
prefer the nolae and fatigue of the mills '
to the natural' life of the country, and
uruugnrr o am apons ot cnuanooa, oe-.
cauee they can accumulate small gains,
than Indeed Is It time for a nation to take 1
heed. And when parents are ready to
aee children of tender years wearing their
lives away in such labor there is some
thing wrong with the world. ' .
Historical Treasures of England an
. Open Book to Women
32'
I
(Coprrlgbt 1904, by W. k. Hearst Great
. Brttala Sights Buiful) '
(By Zrfkdy Kanry ajomerset)
N "MIDDLE MARCH" George Eliot
expreaeee in : Dorothea a type of
Intellectual woman that one might
aay haa always existed. Long be
fore the . Invention . of tha typewriter,
which. In Its nolay - way,, has made It
easy for the modern feminine crowd to
free themselves from the domestic yoae;
before tha advent of the Brontea or of
Jane Austen, far back In the regal daya
of Queen Elisabeth, we And scholarly
women, one of the moat, notable and yet
leaat known being, the lovely and saintly
, Mary Sidney.. , :'..r ...y i'-
' 'Death, 'ere thou hast slain another
Fair and wlae and good as she.
Time ahall throw a dart ..at thee."
.. And this scholar . spirit tn women,
more especially tn those of tha lftb cen
tury and earlier, wan the purest of ita
kind.. For with .them the acquisition of
knowledge, was., wholly- unmixed - with
worldly ambition. Tbey. were not like
men; lured by the thought of leaving a
name, or even , a great library, to poa-
terlty. It waa pure love of learning, a
natural capacity for mental delight of a
high order, that highest form of oulture,
the desire of , knowledge for its own
- worth. This alngleneaa of purpose, end
.the great oulet of their work and Ufa,
make it Inevitable that history ahould
be almost silent concerning them. They
are discovered as It were by accident;
fitfully they flit: across the shadowed
splendor of aome great man'a atudy. We
hear Incidentally that thla great schol
ar s mother was a woman of learning,
or that man of science found an Intellec
tual companion in his wife or daughter.
Always history prints Caaaubon in big
letters, while Dorothea la a shadow.
In all the glare of modern publicity
of women's doings. It may be wondered
If thla student spirit exists at all, and
where. Learning is widely diffused, but
are there still the "chosen V easels T' A
visit to the British Museum, might dis
close some interesting facts regarding
to read these records first hand, but has
to apply to the expert record egant In
thla peculiarly select profession, num
baring in all perhapa 40, eight are wo
men. Women have been record-reading
here ror over 10 years, and not as a re
sult of the so-called emancipation of
women. Indeed, few people Outside the
legal profession and others Immediately
interested, even know that women do
auch work.
It is not easy exactly to describe a
record agent's work, but a first glance
at tha reoorda themaelvea may be In
tereattng. In the wealth of England'e
archives the Doomsday Book ia the old
eat and about thla record alone vol
umea might be written. Records --of
judicial proceedings ' date from the
reign of Richard I, the Assise Rolls begin
In the reign of King John, from whose
reign there is an uninterrupted series
of Chancery Rolls, while from . Edward
I date the exchequer recorda. Besides
these there are title deeds of towns,
boroughs and corporations, both civil
tlcular set contain something like the
following! Lists of ordination candi
dates, wills, pspal bulls, thousands of
dispensations, formations of vtcaragea,
erection of charities, Epiaoopal letters,
licenses, lista of pluralities, aummonaes
to convocation, royal brlefa and a aoora
of other thinga. It la tha same, of
courae, . In the caaa of the army and
the navy, each, department baa a wealth
of Ita own literature. In writing the
hjatory of a alngla townahlp one grn
tleman alone used about 7,000 docu
menta.
The following are a few of the many
queationa arising dally, for which It la
necessary to "aearcn the recorda'
Boundary diaputea, disputes relating to
rights or way, mining rights and posses
sion of fisheries. An expert record
agent writing with regard to tha num
bar of recorda to be eearched to settle
a fishery dispute disclosed a new sort
of Pandora's box: "Possibly Jhe lord of
me manor aerivea ma claim through
aerlea of conveyances from a grant of the
The Bravest Woman
in Colorado v
M1
and ecclesiastical, and grants to private manor made by tha crown at the time of
Individuals. There are also the kings
letters patent Including appointments of
officers, treaties and races, patenta of
nopiiity, lessee o; crown lande, tha king's
ciose letters, being directions to gov
eminent offlcere. writs of summonses to
parliament orders regarding taxation.
and endless others. Apart from the four
great classes of chancery rolls there are
documents relating to Scotland, Nor
mandy, Gascony, and many others.
When one realises that among these
state papers are treasured Wolsey's let
ters to the king, the actual plan drawn
by Burghley for the arrangement of
Fotherlngay Hall for the execution of
Mary, Queen- of Scots, Drake's letters at
the time of tha Armada, the direction of
James X regarding Guy Fawkes, "to use
the gentler torture if other methods
the dissolution of the monasteries. What
are the actual terma of the grant, of
which no copy Is now preserved In the
locality. The deed is enrolled in the
patent roll, and is found to grant the
manor as fully, as freely and In such
ample manner, as the last abbot of some
lately dissolved monastery held the
same. Then cornea the nueatlon whether
the abbot a tenure of the manor Inoludea
the possession of the fishery. To aecer
tain thla, we turn to another aerlea of
rolls the accounta kept by the kings
omoers or tne laaua or ail crown prop
erty ror wnicn tney were severally re
sponsible. Here we. find that among the
pronta or the manor, the accountant
chargea himself with the Issues of the
fishery, possibly let out to farm under
lease from the late abbot, and convent
the death of Nelson, snd the many thou
sands of priceless documents, one can
readily Imagine the fascination which
tha work of deciphering theae national
treasures must have for the acholarly
mind. But the ability to read aomcof
this question, but more exclusive and I these recorda comes only after yeara of
therefore nearer our aubject would be I patient worn. one or the first quallA-
a visit to the great public record office cations naturally la a ready knowledge
in London.- the home of England's ar- of many languages, notably Latin. In-
chlves. a beautiful large building; in 1 deed the record-reader must know Latin
Chancery lane. Here, In the shadow of I old Latin familiarly and intimately,
the written evidence of a great natlon'a I alao Norman French and early English;
history, are to be found a select num-1 out no language cornea amiss, for in
ber of women wbo do good, patient. In
tellectual work of a rare kind.
It would be difficult even to summar
ise the titles of the 'various records
kept in this vast building. Here is
treasured the pure ore of England's his
.tory. In affairs of church and of state,
-of army, of navy, and of law; and the
-historian, however great his desire for
'..fundamental, truths," cannot himself hope
fall," the log of the victory relating to sealed with their conventional seal. This
the multitudinous demands of the law
foreign records have also to be Inter
preted.
To realise the work Involved In record-
searching, let us suppose some studious
divine is writing a history of .the Church
of England at an early period and wishes
to nave the bishops' records searched.
Soma of these documents date back to
1209,. and those belonging to one par-
establishes the fact of possession by the
abbot There remalna the tracing of
tha deacent of the manor with proof of
tne actual possession of the fishery until
it came into the preaent hands,"
Such work, of courae, involves a fair
legal knowledge and training. And yet
we nave not even touched on the world
of search entailed In- tracing genealo
gies, ahowlng how tha Indefatigable rec
ord agent atudlea tombatonea. pariah
reglstera and every available proof, un
til, twig by twig, and branch by branch.
he discloses the fair outline of the de
sired family tree.
And all thla la easily woman'a work.
Intellectual women'a work, of courae.
Aa yet however, the work women do in
the record office of England, la inde
pendent They are . not employed bv
government but merely use the advan
tages of present day facilities for
searching the records of their nation,!
which are, of course, public property.
(y Xerberl vf Cassom.)
R8. EMMA F. LANG DON Is be
ing called the "bravest woman
in Colorado." - When the mili
tary authorities suppressed tha
Dally Record of Victor, Col., and car-
ried off the entire offloe force to jail.
Mra. Langdon. who la a printer by trade,
went to the Record office at midnight
and got out the paper on time the fol
lowing .morning.
The cltisena of Cripple creek nave
presented Mra. Langdon with a medal
which beara the following In scrlptlon:
"For bravery In defeating military aup
jHeaslon of tha preaa."
Since the great miners' atrlke began
eight months ago, Mra. Langdon' haa
been one of the leadera of the women'a
unions. When the mine owners sent the
state militia into the mining region to
break up the unions, she was one of a
committee to proteat against tne out
rage. ...
The story of how she got out the Dally
Record after the arrest of the whole
office staff la told la her own worda aa
followa: -
"I waa In bed and asleep," says Mrs.
Langdon, "when a neighbor rapped at
the door and told me that the militia
had stopped the paper and arrested ev
erybody In the office. '
"In leaa than two minutes I was run
ning through the dark alleys on my way
to the Record office, watching all the
time for soldier a. With the aid of two
friends, we got inside the office and
bolted the doors behind us,
This was not accomplished an Instant
too soon, for in another minute we had
the satisfaction of seeing soldier faces
peering through the window panes. In
vain they pounded on the ' doors, de
manding entrance In the name of the
governor of Colorado.
"They were informed that the gov
ernor of Colorado waa not running the
Record, and that they would not get in
unless they broke In, which they did not
attempt to do.
This well repaid me for my flight
through the streets, attired in a thin
dressing gown and unlaced shoes, with
no wrsp of any kind. It was bitter cold.
too, at that hour of the night
I quickly "manned' one of the lino
type machines and set type to the last
moment I had set three galleys in the
afternoon. Then fwe made up the forms
and got a pressman to do the rest
'At o clock- In the morning a fairly
good laaua of the Record lay before ua.
and above all on time. Across the top
in big, black letters we had printed
theae worda: ' ,
SOMEWHAT DISFIGURED, BUT
.STILL IN THE RING.'
"By this time dawn eegan to break. I
bethought me of my appearance, with
my hair down and my ahoea unlaced. I
hurried home, dressed myaelf In atreet
clothea and returned to the office.
"Aa the paper carriers had not yet
arrived l thought that I . would get
through the guard line and deliver the
JB3
Why the Sympathy of the Civilized
World Should Be With Russia
F
(By rrof. Charles Bloke.)
OR THE first time in the hiatory
of the world we Are witnessing a
race war. To be true, there has
often been flahtlns? -of tha white
man agalnat black, yellow and red men,
but theae fights against negroea, Chlneae
or Indiana have never deserved the names
of ware and have been flniehed la a vry
short time. Thla time, however, the
forces are about even.
When two European nations are at war
if la really a civil war, for tbey are all
children of the aame parents. The peo
ple of (he United States are a mixture of
all tha nationalities of Europe, the peo
ple of Italy and aouthern France resem
ble one another, and vhlle there is still
French nation, an English or an Ital
ian nation, there Is no French, English or
Italian race. For this reason all wars
between Europeans are aa unjuatlflable
aa bloody fighta between brothers.
The difference in form of government
of language, of religions, are only super
ficial, a are .the boundary lines between
the countries. Educate one young French
man at Rome from his early childhood
and aonther at Edinburgh and the one
will be hard to distinguish from the Ital
ians, ths other from the Scotchmen."
But when it comes to speaking of man
of a different race, whether yellow or
black. It ia entirely different
Whether a new-born Japanese baby Is
brought up In Rome, London, Madrid or
Berlin he will alwaya remain Japanese,
dlcerent from all men of the white race.
The yellow and the white races will never
assimilate. There are deep ethnical dif
ferences which can never be overlooked
or wiped out
A Japanese cranium Is easily recog
nised as Japanese, but X defy any scien
tist from tha cranium of a . white man
to tell whether he waa born In Athens,
Copenhagen or New York.
And this Is not all. The superiority of
the white race is manifestly evident. If
we should take , the admirers of Japan
on their word. If we should ask them to
enter into marriage with the Japanese,
I am afraid they would make a wry face.
and theae noble Lords of England who
have entered ao cheerfully into an al
liance with the subjects of the mikado
would be filled with horror at the thought
of their daughters falling in love with I
the ridiculous Insignificant yellow dwarfs,
Is than this contempt for the yellow
race which every white man feats, no
matter what he says, Justifiable. Hiatory
will answer this question and will show
you how all progress has emanated from
the white race.
Homer, Phidias, Aristotle, Tacitus, Kep
pier, Kant Liebnlts, Shakespeare, New.
ton, Voltaire, Labouchere, Pascal, Victor
Hugo. Beethoven or Goethe wets neither
Malaya, Chlneae nor Japanese. Not one
drop of yellow blood flowed In their
velna. .-'' , ' '
The world has progressed .under 'the
guidance of tha white, no one dares deny
this.. When we axe told without any
proof that the Chinese invented powder
and printing before we did It means noth
ing, aa they never developed further.
They have an idiotic alphabet and their
literature ia ridtculoua. i
Whan it comas to their much-praised
art. I do not know that "Venue of
Mtlo," or "Tha Dying Gaul" were created
by artists of Toklo any more than were
"Don Juan" and "Lohengrin." Tbey have
given the -world -nothing like "Faust
Hamlet" or "Lea Mlserablee." Volta.
GalvanL. Ampere and Faraday were not
Japanese.
Railroads, telegraph-, photography ate
inventions given to ' the world by the
white race. - u
Let us therefore frankly admit that we
look down on them. Let us have the
courage of our conviction. -
The Japanese are clever imitators. We
have shown them how to build a modern
battleship and they have built warships.
Ws have shown them the advantages of
parliamentarian! and they bare provided
themaelvea with a parliament .
They have even adopted an ambulance
service, the most efficient Japanese Red
Cross, which- In the evening repairs all
the damage done to the Jape In tha bat
tles created In nawapaper offlcee.
They even have a nationallatlo preaa.
which, Juat aa the nationallatlo preaa in
Parle and - London, doea nothing but
spread hatred of foreigners. They are
imitators, but nothing more than imita
tors; but the world wilt never be gov
erned by Imitators, and the M centuries
during which their nation, has existed
shows their capability of Inventing. ....
Not alone history, but also science,
proves the Inferiority pf the yellow race.
The very construction of their cranlums,
the development of then- brain, their pro
truding cheek bonea, the structure of
several of their muscles, show that they
are one step nearer the apes and lower
animals.
Whether you" like it or not this 1s an
undeniable fact, and you only ' have to
visit an anatomical museum-to see It
proved before your area. There ts far
greeted difference between the white race
and the apes than between the white race
and the yellow race. The Japaneee and
Chinese ars our brethren, but neverthe
less brethren of a far Inferior claca, -
And what la tny conclusion from thisf
It may be summed up in one wordt
Justloa ,
When the question Is of a human being.
whether equal or Inferior, It is always
our duty to be Just To be false to your
promises Is criminal, whether they have
been given a negro, a Chinaman or a
white , man. To be- barbaric and cruel
Is always inexcuelble. To steal from a
Chinaman,, to betray Japaneee. to beat
at negro, to lie to an Indian alb these
are odious acta, for which, there, la never
any. excuse.
I will even go further and aay .that aa
long as we are superior to theae people
we ahould enow . this superiority by a
higher standard of morale.
Too Often our European aoldlcra. with
their superior arms, have believed that
they were justified in committing ail
kinds of cruelties to natives of primitive
countries, and do not understand that by
doing so they place themselves below
their victims.
But beyond justice we have no duty to
theae Inferior people.
One . muat think of tho future 'of hu-
manlty with some apprehension.- If ,
history should once tell of the annihila
tion of the white race by the yellow It
would be a cataclysm more deplorable
and terrible than any calamity ever re
corded." -- .----.
If the pagodas, the caricatures and the
monosyllable languages should take tho
place of our splendid civilisation It would
be the beginning of returning to savaarerv
and animallam, and for thla reaaon Rue
ala should have our fullest sympathy la
the present conflict ' , . , .
papera myself. I took a bundle of
papers and stuffed them Into my waist
my sleeves, under my belt and In the
imlng of my Jacket and started for the
military camp, where the whole office
force. Including my huaband. were Im
prisoned. , . - .
"I found the officer In charge and gave
him a copy of the. Record. 'Allow me,'
aald I, to preaent you with a copy of
this mornings paper.' He took It and
broke out Into-a volley of oaths. I told
him ihat I expected to be his next vie
tlm, but he turned on his heel and
walked away. ;
"Before 11 o'clock that night the
printers and editors were all released
and the paper has come out regularly
ever since. .We have taught : the gov
ernor of Colorado that he cannot throt
tle the preaa." : . .
Mrs. Langdon has written a book oh
tho" Colorado situation, which may be
obtained from her by- writing to -Vic
tor, Col. 8he not only: wrote the book.
but set up the type for it folded the
sheets and took the photographs with
which it Is illustrated.
At the same time she managed to do
all her own , housework, including sew
ing, weshlng and Ironing, without any
assistance, . The .miners . have .made ,up
their minds to aand her to the legisla
ture at the next election. Why not
make her governor? .-
- They know too ' much about family
trees to have touch reverence for them
in heaven.
We Great Holiday Season Attracts Thousands Visprs
William . E. Curtis In the Chlcago-Rec
ord-Herald.
i--xw au,u i i a, arco i.-xne oeai
v: I ;. time for a stranger to visit Cal-
''. m - J tMittjt la rinrltifl- hnlMnv Wftftk.
- augurated by a levee given by the vice
roy, a ''drawing-room' by the vice-queen
and a grand state ball. The annual
; races are held that week, also, includ
ing the great sporting event of the year,
". which la a contest for a cup offered by
' review and various other ceremonies and
festivities attract people from every
part of the empire. The native princes
naturally take this opportunity to visit
':, the capital and pay their respects to the
' representative of Imperial power, while
every Enguenman in tne civil and mlli-
tary service, and tbowe of social or
s sporting proclivities In private life take
. their vacations at this Ume and spend
,the Christmas and New-year's holidays
-with Calcutta friends. Moreover, th
fact that all these people go attracts the
, tourists who happen to be in India at
' the time, for it gives them an oppor-
.!'iMfkw'j baa tha Bnlcil tun
' Indian life- Hence we rushed acroa the
empire with everybody else and a-
1 mni-TTia iu - eia-a wvev-a v v j w u nmi 1 1 rr
'. enthusiasm. Every hotel, boardlng
' bouse and club wag crowded. Every
'. family had gueats. Cota and boda
Tf were placed In offices and wherever els;
.they could be, accommodated. Tents
mont house for the benefit of govern
'," ment officials coming In from the prov
inces, and on the parade grounds at thv
' fort for soldier visitors.,, The grounds
'surrounding the clubhousea looked like
military, camps. Sixteen tent wen,
placed upon the roof of the hotel where
we were sioppin i ; awoomniooaio uw
overflow,-.--s;.;---i :
r qod hotels are needed everywhere In'
India, as I have several times suggested,
and nowhere so much as In Calcutta.
The government, the people and all' con
cerned ought to be ashamed of their
lack of enterprise in this direction, and
everybody admits It without blushing.
There Is not a decent hotel in the city,
and while It la of courae possible for
people to aurvive the present conditions
they are nevertheless a national disgrace,
Calcutta-Is a cay of more than a mil
lion inhabitants. Among Ita residents
are many millionaires and other wealthy
men. It la frequently called the "city
of palaces," and many -of the private
residences In the foreign quarter are
Imposing and costly. Hence there la no
excuse but Indifference and lack of pub
lic spirit
The Government Houae, which la the
residence of the viceroy, ia one- of the
finest palaces in the world, and In archi
tectural beauty, extent and grandeur sur
passes many of the royal residencea of
Europe. None of the -many palaces In
England and the other European cap!
tttls is better adapted for. entertaining
or naa more atately audience chambers,
reception rooms, banquet halls and ball
rooms. It la truly an Imperial residence
ana waa erected more than a hundred
yeara ago by Lord Welleeley, who had
an exalted appreciation of the position
he occupied, and transplanted to India
the ceremonies, formalities and etiquette
of the English court. The Government
House stands in. the center of a beautiful
garden of seven acres and la now Com
pletely surrounded and almost hidden by
groups of noble trees, It is an enlarged
copy . of Kedlastone Hall, Derbyshire,
and consists of a central group of etate
apartments crowned with a dome and
connected with four wings of - galleries.
ine mrone room is a. SDlendld anart-
ment and ,the seat of the mlrhtv la the
ancient throne of Tlpu, one of the aouth
ern maharajaa, who, during the latter
part of the 18th century, gave the Brit
lah a great deal of trouble until he was
deprived or his power. The banquet halt
the council- chamber, the ball room and
a series of drawing rooms are nearly all
of the same site and are decorated in
white and gold, and each ia larger than
the eaat room In the White Houae at
Washington. Tha ceilings are supported
by rows of marble columns with gilded
capitals, . and are frescoed by- famous
artists. The floors are polished teak wood:
the walla are paneled with brocade and
tapestries, and are hung with historical
pictures, including full length portralta
of all the viceroys from the time of
Warren Hastings, the kings and Queens
of England and many of the most famous
native rulers of India. In one of the
rooms la a collection of marble busts
of the Caesars, which, with a portrait of
ixuis av, and aeveral elaborate crystal
chandeliers, were loot of the war of 179S.
when they were captured from a ship
which waa carrying them aa a presi.it
from the Emperor of France to the Nv-
sam of Hyderabad. , .
The palace cost I7M.000 and the furni
ture $250,000 more than a hundred yeara
ago, at a time when money would, go
tnree times as rar as it does today. Lord
Wellesley had lofty Ideas, and when the
merchants of the East India Company
expressed their disapproval of this ex
penditure he told them that India "should
be governed from a palace and not from a
counting house, wltb the Ideas of a prince
and not those of a retail dealer In muslin
and Indigo." 1v-.:. :-.
Great atones are told of the receptions.
lovees and balla that were given in the
daya of the East India company, but they
could not have been more brilliant than
those Of today. The Government Houae
has never been occupied by a viceroy
more capable -of assuming the dignities
and performing the duties of that office
than. Lord Cunion. and no more beauti
ful, graceful or popular woman ever sat
upon the vice-queen's throne than Mary
Letter Curson. No period in Indian his
tory has ever been more brilliant more
progressive or more prosperoua than the
preaent; no administration of the govern
nent has ever given wider satlafactlon
from any point of view, and certainly
the social functions' presided , over by
Lord and Lady Curson ware never sur
passed. They live in truly royal atyle.
surrounded by the ceremonlea and the
pomp that pertalna-to klnga, and It ia
a part of the administrative policy., be
cause the 300,000,000 people subject to tbe
vlceroy'e authority are very Impression
able, and measure power and aometlmea
Justice and right by appearance. Lord
and Lady Curson never leave the palace
wunout an escort or those giant aoldiera
from the Sikh tribe, who wear a dasallng
uniform or red turbans aa big aa bushel
casxets, ana sit their horses like cen
taurs. They carry lonar spears and are
omerwise armed with native weapons.
Within the palace the same formality is
preserved, except in the private apart
menta of the viceroy, where for certain
houra of every day the doora are closed
against or ricial cares and responsibilities,
and Lord and Lady Curson can spend a
few hours with their two little girls like
vruinary people, ' r' f i
The palace is managed by a comptroller
general, wno nas iw servants under him,
and a stable of 40, and relieves" Lady
Curson from the cares of .the household.
Lord Curson la attended by a staff of
ministers, . eecretartee and aide, like a
king; and Lady Curson haa her ladies In
waiting, secretaries and aide, like a
queen. - - ,-. - . . . . , . ,tVi
People twho wish ' to be received at
Government Houae will find three books
open before them In , the outer hall. In
which they are expected to inscribe their
names. Instead of leaving cards. One
of theae hooka la tnr iwrmmM !...
of Calcutta, another for off iclale, and
niiuiner is ior transient visitors, who re
cord their names, their home addresses,
thetr occupatlona, the length of their
vims to caicuita, ana tne piece at whloh
they may be stopping. From these books
the Invitation lists are made out by the
proper officials, but in order to secure an
invitation to uLay iurson s "drawing
room" a stranger must be Introduced
or nreaented bv uima ntrwm nf imnnn.
tance who la well , known iat court At
w v .IWV kUVDB RUU IMtTVJ VWIl WV LfJT
ttmjtta U tn ha Invito mrm
arrive. Thnv laav thai wrana tn.
rooms In the basement where the ladles
are separated rrpm the gentlemen wbo
escort them. becAiiaa tha bticr not
formally presented to the vice-Queen, but
iny incBi again an nour or so later in
ma uanquet nut aiter tne ceremony is
The ladies naia tin two flto-hta nf ,t.i,.
Into waiting rooms in the third story of
tne puiace, pursuing a ratner circuitous
course over aoout nair tne building,
8-Ulded hv velvet ha rr I era atM nlih.
and at each corner, stands an aide-de
camp or a gentieman-in-waitmg, to ant
swer lnaulrlea ; and arlva .iflraotlnna i
Strangers. - When the anteroom ia at, laat
reached, the ladles await their turns,
being admitted to the audience chamber
In , groups . of four. They are given a
moment or t to arllnaf rhalt. nlna,
and then pass slowly toward the throne)
upon jarnicn Laar curson is seated. The
viceroy, In the. uniform and regalia of
a Kniorht of tha Oartr. atnnda linifw fh
canopy by her aide. - There Is no crowd
ing and , puahlng, such as ; we aee at
fkraafilaritial nmmHAni. "a : WliiHAn
and nftan 'at rnval fimotlnna In Ihimn,
butt there is an Interval of 25 or,) feet
Kn.WAAH th. , 111.. Hl.lM.I.,k.
betwaan the rueuta . Attr anfarlriv'-ttta
room each lady hands a card, upon which
her : name la written, to tha a-antlaman.
Jn-waiting. ftDd.3-ht pprocheathe
throne, he pronounces It slowly and dis
tinctly, nne makes ner courtesies to
the vlcerov ' and his lady, and 1 then
pasaea on. There la no confuelon, no
naate, no Infringement of dignity, and
each peraon for the moment haa the
entlra at us- in haraalf. , ,
On either side of the throne are gath-
erea, standing, many native princea, tne
higher officers of the government and
tha irnnv tha mamhara i tha A (nlm o f Irt
corps and other favored ' persons, with
thai wlvna jnA jlaiiahtara . anrf , tliala
costumea rurnisn a primant paexgrpuna
to . tha aiana. ' Tha aat nt tha a-raat
audience chamber, biasing with electric
ngnta, is entirely empty., too viceroy
greets every lady, with a graceful bow,
and Lady Curson gives her a smile of
wvivuiaav, AMW avTHUUJVUl uailtl IB .DIV.T.
Ins all thla tlma In in iiKnlnlnr tnnm
ft .that ' tha tniialn , nan ha nnlvifolntlv
heard: and does not Interfere with tha
ceremony, as is so oiten tne casa -
" navins passea- in, review tne gueata
return to the other part of the palace
bv a different cnutna than that a
which they came, and find their eacorta
awaiting mem in tne nanquet nail. - When
ine last i aay to do presented nas -been
received ,' tha vtcarnv an it T.arfv n,Min
lead the way to the banquet hall, where
a sumptuous supper is spread, and tha
gentlemen are allowed to share the fes
tivities. Tha fnrmallttaa ava aalavt an J
r- -W miM
Lord and Lady Curson chat informally
wun tneir guests.. -It
lsi a -venr brilliant tmn ! i,i(a Mt.
ferent from an v that nuv ha sitnu..
elsewhere, parttcularly ; because : of the
gOnreOUS COStUmna end tha nrnfiialnn nt
-Jewels worn- by the native princes.; " At
none of the capitals of Europe can so
magnificent a ahOw of Jewels be witnessed
out tne meaais or nonor and decorations:
Which adorn tha hreaata nf tha 'hrnnaa,!
soldiers are mora hls-hlv nrtaa nA mn.
ally, excite greater admlraUon, for Just.
now many of the heroes of the Squth
African war are earring tours of duty h"
India. ' .''-.. -.
The viceroy's levee la exclusively' for
gentlemen, , No ladles are expected, and
a similar ceremony is carried out. It la
Intended to toffer an a nana 1 Anr,rkrtiinlf--
f or the native princes, and off tclala of
tne government, oincera Of the army,
the Indian nohllltv nrivata
Of Prominence tO nV thalr raanana ,na
offer their congratulations to their ruler
and the repreaentatlve of their king, anl
at 9 o'clock on the evening appointed.
tWA ilava latar vthan T mA r,..unu, .
- . ..MM. w, '.vuiiva re
ception, every ban of dlatlnctlon la this
part of the world appears at the palace
and makes his bow to the viceroy aa
.the latter atanda under the
the throne. It might ; be a somber and
etupid proceeding but for the presence
of many natives In thMr rfaii. u..il
ototuresaue turbans and trnAn i..j..'
and the large contingent of army officers
with their breasts covered with medals
and decoratlona. .':'--:---
This racentlnn it IrMnnnJt a m
later by a state ball, which W considered
tha most brilliant function of the year in
India. Invitations are limited to persons
of certain rank whn ha-, u-- si ... .
- -- wmt I unilul l y
received at Government House, but Lady
vuiavaa aa amajt vn tne lOOKOUt Or 'her "
fellow Pmintrvmon anal i .k. a
-..- mu icurnB ot
their presence In Calcutta. invitari. a...
sure to reach them one way or another. -She
Is a woman of many responsibilities,
and her time and mind are always oc-
cunled. bnt few AmaHoana v
qutta without having some delightful
evidence of ,kef thoughtfulness. ,
A Werae Oena . at &aM -Xvitj
From the Philadelphia North American,
a ? T.. tlJ-numpe germ has been
definitely "lsolsted.r won't somebody
please tun for tha mirmha .ki.i. -
that IweUlng a little higher upt , "
' V