THE OREGON JOURNAL', PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, , MARCH '20, - 1004.
fHE BROAD QUESTION OF
LE HI
ED BY
ERENGfflAN: AND :M
JAPAN'S
ROSSIB
CONSIDER
A
A
. AMERICAN
5
Japan as She
Really Is
r.- . By Jules luii '
,' "TIIE events lo the far east have
.. . I .... caused a complete revolution 10
1 . the opinions held by . the na
- tlons of Europe. There was cer
talnlyno person In Europe or even In the
: United States, who would have thought
that Japan would dare to declare war
" against Russia, and that country her
1 eelf, - though foreseeing "f that she
might have to Show, her teeth to reg
ulate her differences with the little Bra
' plre of the Rising 8un, had absolutely
no Idea that the recent events , mlgtif
,( take place. ;'. -4i'r-
', The statesmen of the Whole civilised
; .world have almply failed' to recognise
: h imnnrttnM at the ran 111 crorress of
Japan. And still statistics show that
during the laat 20 years Japan hal built
; more than ,000 kilometres of railroad
and nearly 10,000 factories of all kinds.
No one has even for a moment Im
agined that this people, which was able
to accomplish this in an Incredible short
(apace of time, might become dangerous,
' IUI iiiera inline uyiiuuu uvm iioiv 111
'France by a party which, luckily, ,1s
only a small minority of . our nation.
Illaving for SO years thought of Japan as
nation, capable only of making fans
; Ifor "Au Bon Marche.7 they have sud
denly adopted another and more dan
jgerous view of the Japanese. -:
Idealists as M. Jaures, who have be
i come aware at the rapid progress made
by that nation and the 'growth of so-
, Iclallstlo -Ideas in Japan, have become
'ravlngly enthusiastic over "this little
rising people."
To be perfectly frank, their great love
f Japan is simply a result of their
I hatred of Russia, but if they had only
taken the trouble of looking deeper into
'the case they would soon have found
that the Japanese in a still higher de
'gree posses the fault for which they
blame the Russians.
. Russia la an autocratic and Christian
'nation, and for this reason she has In
curred thtf dislike Of the Socialists, but
the Russians are far from being a war
like nation. The character of the Slav
ish people la Indolent, passive, patient,
'amiable and sensible. .
Japan, which has given herself a par
. 1 lament, aa aha has adopted our ma
chines, still has kept., her mikado and
her f anactio belief in the teachings bf
' Buddha. ;
The people have always been fond of
war and ready to fight upon the -slight-1
est provocation. No other , nation can
poltt to a history of 2.000 years of al
. ' most incessant warfare, the history of
no other nation Is as bloody as theirs.
Not so very long ago, at the end of
the sixteenth century at the very time
i when Henry IV of France said that he
had no higher wish than that every
French family might have a chicken for
Its soup pot every Sunday, a military
dictator in Japan sent to the mikado
20,000 human noses and 40,000 human
ears cut from the heads of his enemies.
In the seventeenth century the chief
ef a Japanese clan decapitated 40,000
of hls adversaries, threw them into an
enrotnous trench, upon which he built a
. monument which still exists, and many
of these were heads of Christians.
During the reign of Louis XIV the
Japanese massacred 87,000 Christians,
who had fled to Shlmbaro, and pre
cipitated 10,000 more front the top of
a. high cliff at the entrance to the harbor
cf Nagasaki,''.
No nation In the world has so pro
, found a contempt of death and so little
regard for the lives of othera as the
-', Japanese, the very qualities . essential
'to an ideal military nation.
The Japanese have a great horror of
l foreigners, and In this respect they even
! surpass the Chinese, a fact which Is
easily proven by events, which have
taken place even during the lifetime of
the present generation. . . j
; It was in 1868 that the mikado wrote
J to the chief of his army: "You will'
HER.E AND NOW
(By S1U Wheeler WUoos.)
TT T HAS been the fashion for men and
I .. women, particularly women. In all
JL ages to bemoan the speedy passing
I of time and to regard youth as the
(only season of absolute happiness or
satisfactory enjoyment
j Poets and authors hava emphasized
ithls idea to auch an extent and with
i auch artlstio phrasing, and painters and
, eculptors have so embodied It in living
I works, that It seems almost a confes
sion of utter lack of Ideality to question
;it -.A-.v ? , ... .
Yet not only do I question it, but
topenly refute the assertion of ages and
ef my superiors in intellect, that there
Is "no time like youth," and that during
. a brief acore or score and a half of
years Is the best of life's happiness and
Its keenest enjoyment to be found.
I recall a day in early youth when I
looked out on a colorless prospect and
rebuked Fate for delaying enjoyment.
"There are only a few more years left
for me to enjoy pleasure and amuse
ment," I said. "After they pass there
iwlll be nothing but duty; and ambition,
i and usefulnessbut the power to enjoy
the good things of Ufa will have gone
i With youth. Do not cheat me, O Fate!
ef my little share, while I am able to
grasp it.".
And then X shaped the melancholy
thought in verse, and sent it out to de
: press other lives and other hearts.
.. It was something - about the cruelty
j ef Fate which sent Joys too late and
i j those final words were used as .a re
! julem over the graves of hope and hap
r plness.
That was long ago, and I Vave lived
to learn that nothing comes too late,
unless we ' choose to believe that all
"happiness lies within a circumscribed
period of years. It is the mind of man.
' not the irony of Destiny, which makes
delayed desires 'disappointing,
Keep the emotion alive with sym
pathy, keep the ambitions alive with
liopa, keep the activities alive with pur
: rose, and the aeomlngly . close bounda
. rles of Youth recede, as we Journey on
ward, and lo! before we reach the bor
der we are face to face with the other
shore, where life begins over again,
1 under new and higher conditions new
. and ., higher conditions, if we have
ought for them here, for only as we
have bullded by our desires, and
thoughts, end efforts, In this graded
chool of earth Ufa wlU be able to
gather all your soldiers to chase all for
eigners out of the country. Tou .will
weep then out at broom sweeps dirt,
and you will report the acootnpllshed
result to me," 'i'?'v,:-y'- ''f-yi-?,-.
I know very well w that all this is
changed, that, the old Nippon no longer
exists, that Japan has become an Euro
pean country andJ& treated as an Euro
pean nation. ', - "r . . ,V-v s.
In this circumstance lurka a danger
Which may become fatal to Europe if
we do not open our eyes and look deep
Into the violent fend treacherous char
acter of this "little rising people." 1 -
Because Japan. haa r changed the uni
form of her soldiers, because she has
adopted ft parliament,, because she has.
bought & navy and imitated our social
system, with a far greater proletariat,
we admire them and attribute to them
all the virtues of a civilized and civ
ilising nation,
: Let us be perfectly frank and admit
that a nation cannot in a few years
change her wnole character as easily as
she can assimilate our industrial meth
ods under the direction of English,
French: and .German instructors, as she
can learn from Germany to handle an
army or from England to fire torpedoes.
,' Let Us Imagine that Europe, In a near
future, should be overrun by Mongolian
hordes, that we in our turn should have
tar adopt their; laws and arms and . ma
chines superior to our own, - Would we,
therefore,' Immediately y adopt their
Oriental and Buddhistic way of think
ing? , Would we not In our inmost souls
preserve for r generations an intense
hatred of these foreigner! who had
forced themselves upon us, ; who had
trampled "upon ; our customs, whose Very
odor from their yellow skin was dis
gusting to'ua, whose slanting eyes and
long fingernails were repulsive to us?
The Japanese hava now for 40 years
lived under these exact conditions. They
hava 'bent their heads in submission to
the inevitable and given way to the
threats of strong European squadrons in
188 and lt(8. With their rapid and
clear Intellect, they hava seen that they
were forced to submit in patience. They
hava come to us, have atudied the meth
ods of our Institutions, , they have
adopted them and thanks to the imi
tative Instinct, which is a national in
stinct with them, devoid of every trace
of Individuality and inventive faculties,
they have become our equals.
But from the fifth Of December, 1168,
when the mikado was forced to receive
the ambassadors of the civilised nations
with uncovered, face, they hava prepared
for the great drama . which - has now
taken lta beginning. -
The national egotism and conceit of
the Japanese surpass that of any other
nation, with the possible exception of
the United States. From . that great
American nation they hava learned the
principles of the Monroe doctrine, and
even if the papers of Toklo dare not
cry as did the old Samurai, "Death to
ail foreigners," they have at least now
the courage to shout defiantly, "Japan
for the Japaneae."-.
We have no right to blame them for
this,' but it is our duty to realize their
true nature. This national feeling is so
strong with them that only a few years
ago they assassinated those : of their
ministers who dared to sympathise with
the Europeans. ! The whole education
given to the young in their schools has
only one purpose, to Implant in their
hearts hatred and contempt of alb for
eigners. . '.V'.rf,;
All travelers who visited Japan In
18S4 were struck by the undisguised en
mity of the Japanese of. all classes not
only In the cities, but in every town, vil
lags and hamlet of the country. And
this was even before the war with
China, Imagine what would happen if
they, after having conquered China, sue.
ceeded in beating Russia, the strongest
innuary power in Europe I
How is It possible that the English,
who are so rational, or the Americans,
who are so practical, have not perceived
tne possible eonsequenoes of the growth
of the power of Japan? Because Japan
still buys their products, their iron,
their linen, their cotton and their grain
they close their ears to the cry of the
nationalistic party in that country that
the Japanese must some day rule all
Eastern countries, including the Phil
ippines, China and the Dutch East In
dian Islands. s,
. . i i i
And better surrounding on the other
side. ' -,: -
Immortality must be earned. Heav
ens must be built while On earth. Not
by the mumbling of formulas, and ad
herence to. traditional' creeds; not by
long prayers for God to do our work for
us, but by our continual application
of God-given qualities which lie with
us love, will, self-control, helpful
ness and hope.
These are the qualities whloh pro
duce heavens on earth, and in the
realms beyond. . ' - .
They do not depend upon youth for
their vitality.
But youth depends upon them.
While they last youth lasts. Every
day X hear men and women of middle
age sighing for the lost illusions of
youth. .. . . . -. ,:
As the embroidered work of art is
more beautiful than the stamped pat
tern, so are the realities of mature life
more beautiful than the illusions of
youth, If we have used care in the stitch
ing. Even if we have marred the de
sign we have the added experience
which youth lacks, and we are prepared
to do better work on the next pattern,
given by the Great Artist. Too late!
There is no such thing as. any knowl
edge, or success, or happiness, coming
too late. ir'':1
There is no such thing asUime, save
in our imagination.
It la all eternity. It Is a Circle with
out beginning or end.
v v uwnya uvea, ana will ai
waya live.
There is no heed of letting your body,
your heart, or your mind, wither awas
because a few years have gone by, and
the ; tradition of men tells you that
youth baa, passed.
Keep expectant keep hopeful, keep
sympathetic, and ambitious, and be oce
CUpled. '"':'''. '( ':':' j;. ..;
The best of life is before you
whether here or hereafter doea not mat
ter, so long as you lose no hour of hap
piness, and usefulness by mistaken
ideas gained from mistaken traditions.
Discard them.
Right about, face! March! '
You are on the road of happiness
now. There are goals at every step.
And there are better goals further on.
Keep marching! .
' More coal has been discovered, sear
FossiL . :'. , . I ..
' t tu,'.:'-;'.-V--l.i.- -;.t- : ;;' ;ryA. 1-...V y i vi - V 'S: r.' ' "'t-v : '? r
Jules Huret: Sounds a Note of Warning Do the Japs"
Love the! Caucasian Any, Better Because -Christian
ICivilizatioh Haseen Forced Upon Them? What
Would Result: Should Japan Infuse Its Martial Spirits
Into Chiria? The Women of, Japan and Theii?"'
1 ' 8 . '; Place in Its Modern Life ','
H'
ERE we are throwing our ready
caps in air and shouting over
Japanese successes. It is A nat
ural foellng-the ' sympathy
with the little fellow in' the fight But
are we not cheering on the one great
pern of modern civilisation?
Tint researches of the- plodding arch
aeologlst and the -patient historian give
us fragmentary . tales or civilization
after civilization which have grown up
in this world only to be swept, into ob
livion,, a.: nation .nas waxea ncn ana
great Art has flourished; literature has
been established. .-The proud declaration
has been , made: . ."Look on my works,
ye mighty, and .despair!" Then some
new and militant people with .none of
the airs and graces," but' with a fierce
lust for fighting,', has swept over that
civilization! . -- The temples : have been
wrecked; the statues cast down. 'The
trumpet has taken the plaoe of the dul
cimer ind the war chant has drowned
the notes of the love song. Literature
has' been lost and, -where 'the strong,
proud cities stood "the lone and, level
sands stretch far away.". Nothing', re
mains save some lone monolith or shat
tered pedestal to tell the tale of growth
and glory and of wreck. r A
There were civilisations before Nine
van and Babylon. The aDDeirlnr alvoha
or falenque tell that .on bur own contM
nenv were cltiea and a civilization far
prouder than any that greeted the eyes
of , Columbus or the , conqulstadores.
Athena and Rome we' almost know;
and later still the art and literature
which grew up around "the beautiful
language of Oq" ; wera wiped away by
the rude hands of northern warriors.
In' the nature Of .things our present
civilization Is not a finality. That, too.
??????? vvvvvvvvv
A LESSON
: (By Bailey Klllard.)
(Coprrtgbt 1904, by W. B. Beant)
HOUGH they disagree on many
i other points, the biographers of
Henrik Ibsen, the . great Nor
wegian poet and dramatist, all
concur in one particular,' and that is that
personally hlf ia anything but a likable
character. He is said to be a soured
man, exceedingly .cynical, and crusty,
taking umbrage easily a man who has
managed to alienate even, those of his
friends who have tried their best to
"make allowances for him. So that in
his old age he moves about alone and al
most uncared for, saye by eurlous trav
elera who hunt him up as one of the
sights of Norway. '
With respect to great men the forth
right assumption is made by aome
writers that this trait of making one's
self disagreeable is a mark of genius,
and that the master minds in art and
literature are privileged to .comport
themselves in ways that would not be
tolerated by lesser individuals. But it
seems to me that what is insufferable in
a common man Is just aa Insufferable in
an "uncommon one.
The moods of the choleric Carlyle
were often very trying to his friends,
and so at times were those of Tennyson,
who would not brook the slightest criti
cism of himself or his work, even from
guch men as Thackeray and Fitzgerald,
in their friendly talks. This disagree
able attribute -resulted in a lack of -personal
popularity for both the essayist
and the poet
Now, there is no reason why Ibsen, or
Carlyle, or Tennyson, might not have
been popular all his life in the circle of
his immediate acquaintance.. -. It would
have helped his fame. It would have
laweetened the imagination of one con-
TO SEEK THE ORIGIN OF LIFE
From the Chicago News.
. In a new $180,000 building, announce
ment of which has just been made at
the University of Chicago, research will
be carried on by three Chicago men to
"catch evolution In the act," or, almost
literally to discover the "missing link."
The new building . will be ereptea at
once at Cold Springs Harbor, L. I., under
the auspices of the Carnegie institu
tion." The aim of .the scientists as
signed to this work will be to discover,
If possible, the exact boraer line be
tween plant and animal life. It is un
derstood that they have undertaken their
life work, and the department wae
founded with the expectation that the
task would require the experiments of
more than one generation. -
Announcement that Dr. C. B. Daven
port' associate professor of zoology and
embryology at the university, would be
come the director of this new, Carnegie
laboratory ia followed by new that two
other men from the Hull court labora
tories at - the Midway would go with
Professor Davenport. , They are Frank
E. Lutz, A. M., a zoology assistant, who
will do the detail work in studying
animal variations; and George H: Bhull,
8. B., a botany assistant, who will do
the detail work in the plant breeding and
the study of "mutations" In plant forms.
Miss Anna M. Lutz has been appointed
to be the recorder for the workers. The
permanent building for - the study of
evolution is to be erected near . the
Brooklyn institute laboratory on Long
Island. The flrct wing, to cost approx
imately 120,000, Will go up at once. An
other wing is expected to be built next
year, and the main structure the year
following. As this laboratory is to be
devoted exclusively to the one form of
research, the Investigators consider it
a aubstantiai sign that the study will
be carried on there . well-nigh, perpet
ually...-; '..j ;.:.'':'...i;;'.:,'v.;''?
"And why should it not be an ever
lasting work?" said Mr. Shull. "Where
has .man come from aiid where is he
going? That is a question which men
have always thought about .It can be
counted on to give, fascination and im
portance to this work as long as man
lives." ' .vi
Dr. Davenport Is In New York Cftv
making arrangementa for the ODenlna
of the laboratory and giving the archi
Is Japan the
Peril of the
World?
(By Bdward M. XamUtoa.) V ,
(Copyright,' 1904, r W. B. Beant.):
must pass. It wilt become another layer
in the upbuilding : of . mankind.' The
"lone fisherman will -wash his nets in
the river . of the ten thousand' masts."
Those which have emulated the glory of
Athens will share her fate. , .
' .Where is the apparent "perilT China.
Men who study the world 'condition
long have felt that the yellow man was
the menace civilisation had . to 'far.
The numbers were there. All they
needed, was the stirring leaven pi am
bition. '; '.,-'; , ; ';, !-"
. But China remained inert - When Ja
pan attacked her aha was found flabby
and incapable. Her hordes could not be
made effective. It was like the laying
of a ghost. The students and statesmen
breathed a sigh Of relief. The bogy was
not a menace at tfl. ., n: a j v. .
But now comes a combat which really
lea struggle for the, control of China.
Diplomacy may .disguise the fact as it
may; it remains a fact Suppose Japan
should win. It is practically certain
ffffvvvfvfyfvfvvffvffvvffi
FROM 'THfc LIFE
roooom
templatlng his character, even at a re
mote age. There la, Indeed, no valid
reason why Ibsen, the man, might not
have made himself aa popular as Ibsen,
the artiste v ; ..";
There;-have ' been those unbending
idealists, like Jean Paul and Thoreau,'
who have affected to disregard popular
ity, but surely all men, great and small,
wish really to be popular. ' Yet many
take no pains to become so. - What la so
cheap as politeness t The picture of tho
universally popular Washington uncov
ering to a negro in the street who had
removed his tattered tils as he drove
by is one for which I have an espeolal
fondness. , .'-
"What" asks , the great patriot's
friend, "take oft your hat to a common
colored man?" -"
. "Certainly," replies Washington. I
cannot afford to let a negro outdo me In
politeness.' ' , .
Alack! Why is there so little cf that
spirit left In usT
But we must not cultivate people In
a wholesale fashion, like the politician
or the young doctor who joins, so many
fraternal societies that he gets their
grips and passwords hopelessly mixed.
That is the method of the oily opportun
ist that Is, to be servilely popular to
seek pnbllo esteem for the rewards of
place and professional distinction.
One distinctive characteristic of the
most popular men I know is suavity.
You need not hope to be truly popular in
any circle If you are irritable. You
must be urbane, without unctlouaness,
and If you have moral or material de
signs upon people you must occasionally
mislay them not keep them In plain
sight. " Suavity , does the trick the
suavity of a Stevenson a man who
was as popular with the rich and po
tects pointers for the building. He will
return April 1 and during the spring
quarter will give his last course of lec
tures at the University of Chicago. This
will be a course on "Experimental Evo
lution." He will go to; his new work
about the middle of Juno or July 1.
Mr. Luts will leave at the same time.
Mr. Shull will go to his new post May
1. For the plant breeding he will raise
during the summer months many plants
out of doors. It is necessary for him
to get them started early.
Whether new species of animals and
planta originate by sudden jumps ("mu
tations") or the stow process'of gradual
evolution is a question the answer to
which would be finding the keystone
for building up the scientific arch to
day, according to the men about to go
Into this work exclusively.
The sports" of the plant and animal
life are specimens which have recently
led to a ' new theory. Gardeners and
animal breeders use the term "sports"
frequently. By it they mean, for n
stance, , odd flowers that spring up In
TMJt ZOO AS A rOBBSTZB.
Leon Vandervort in March Outing.
There are Innumerable minor influ
ences 'that come 14 for the' forester's
consideration, and what ia recommended
in one Instance Is discouraged in the
next Taking the matter of grating in
a forest. - Throughout the more exten
sive woodlands of the middle west run
thousands of wild or seml-wlld hogs.
In this Tennessee forest It waa recom
mended that every , possible effort be
made to exterminate these for the rea
son that they eat the-mast and thus
prevent the growing of young trees
from the seed. But in the working plan
before mentioned it is advised that hog
grazing be encouraged. The reason for
the difference ,i this, the former forest
is chiefly of mast-bearing hard wood.
The latter, is mainly pine, and what hard
wood there Ms in mixture serves as a
hindrance to young pine growth. There
fore in this' forest the presence of hogs
hlch -t the mast and check the hard
wood Is a benefit; while in the other,
where hard wood is the staple, the ani
mals are a nuisance.
.:V''.:;';':i;;:;v.'i ;;:'."vVv;v.
that within a hundred years China
would become Japanese rperhaps within
a quarter of that time. Then what?
Jap an la a new and militant nation-
just such a nation as .always baa arisen
to wipe away the old civilizations. ; The
Japanese have a wonderful talent for
military mobilization; , With the, hun
dreds of millions of China mobilized,
what would stop themT -j .
The man of the oft-hand view says
that, the Chinaman is ' not an effective
fighter. Neither was the East 'Indian;
but see -what England already has- done
wlth' the men who. fled at the first Are
of Clive's thin line or whimpered under
the lash of the Tartar raiders. . The
Chinese troops In England's army are
among the best regiments. The oriental
is a fatalist, and' the Saracens taught
the world how fierce 4 f o is the man
who- (eels that his soul will be tossed
from the sword point into Paradise. It
will be a ead day for occidental civi
lization '. when China Is. mobilized , by
Japan. 1 '; ;..v . 5l
Is it not possible that the art of
Whistler and Bastlen ! Lepage is to be
lost In a flurry, of storks around the
peak of Fujlatpa; that the Greek slave
and the Bacchante are to give place to
dragon grotesquerles in ' bronse and
Ivory; that Buddhlam Is to supplant
Christianity, and that Shakespeare and
Erasmus are to become as mute as those
who spoke and sang beneath the pll
lared majesty of BaalbecT - May ' not
the success of Japan mean the realiza
tion of Macajilay's immortal picture of
desolation, when "some traveler from
New Zealand shall. In the midst of a
vast solitude, take 'his stand on a
broken arch of London bridge to sketch
the ruins of St. PaulT" .
OF IBSEN
tential as he was with the poor em!
grants aboard ship. And suavity, mind
you, always includes a sympathetic re
sponsiveness, a distinct personal recog.
nitlon. When you talked with Steven
son you- were for -the time the only
person who existed for him.
Ah. sirs and ladles, there is a great
secret of friend-making, and- it la an
open one; for you will observe this habit
in every truly popular' man you meet
He knows who you are; he always re
members your, name and occupation,
your likes and dislikes. But he knows,
too, that nothing alienates friends worth
having like a too ready acquiescence,
which is often -really a form of conde-
scenslon. With - the always lovable
Stevenson, he sees that it la good to
have friends, but that It Is not good
"to capitulate to them." .With Chester-
field, he holds for "suavlter In .raodo,
f ortlter In re." l Gentleness in manner
but firmness in deed. For no one whose
friendship is to be prized is pleased
with an Invariable acquiescence the
attitude of a man who Is plastic to
your every expectancy. , Such a man
may pleaae a certain .order of minds,
but he is far . from- being an ideal
friend,."
Aa for Ibsen, whose soured life was
made the text of this little preachment;
he need hardly have stepped aside from
his work or his play to have made, eas
ily and without capitulation, a host of
warm friends; but he chose to act in
such a way aa to be left friendless in
his old age. And now he sits alone.
sadly sharing the lot of the embittered.
Is not here an example of the fact that
no matter how soaring our ambition or
our attainments; we should never rise
so high as to leave our friends all be
hind us? - .
their gardens and odd animals among
their herds. A study of these lower er
dera of "sports" has led to the theory
of "mutations." This Is the theory
that new species Jump Into life sud
denly. . . ,;'''.,.-;; ,'
A Hollander, De Vrtes, at Amsterdam,
is the one who has announced this new
theory, which Is regarded as the great
est contribution to, evolution since Dar
win's day. De Vries took some "sports"
of pink orange blossoms, which he found
growing in the fields, and cultivated
them in his botanical garden. . The re
sult was that he developed a , new
species. .
"But all this has been artificial." aaid
Mr. Shull, the botanist. "My work at
the new laboratory will be to see if we
can find new species being developed
by mutation .naturally, to -catch new
species 1n the act of being evolved."
For the "quantitative study" .of snU
mala, Mr. Luts, the aoologlcal worker,
will have not only forma of land-animal
life, but animals from their brooks,
springs and Inland lakes and also the
marine animals. Even the present lab
oratory at Cold Spring Harbor is rated
among the Atlantic ooean laboratories
as second to only the Woods Holl Mar
ine laboratory in Massachusetts.
Being on the Long Island sound, the
water Is not quite, so salt as that at
Woods Holl, but the specimens of sea
animals are satisfactory for the work.
."In studying the animals we hall get
an immense number of observations on
hybrids and concerning all the phases
of heredllyu"..sald Mr. Lutz.: "We shall
not get two or three examples, but thou'-
sands. The trouble, with many past
generalization's Is that they have been
made from only a few examples. Work
of this character demands great patience.
nut tne men doing this kind of work
hope to' add to knowledge, and then the
human Interests gives a strong motive.
Galton has shown that the effects of
heredity are the Bame for all llfenlant
and animal, in lower and higher forms.
Hence in the end knowledge that will
bear on the questions relating to mar
riage, the Influence of tralta fnherlted
from . parents on , children, and many
other, questions of .interest to beoole.
can be expected. . Such things, however,
are , not of immediate interest to the
men at work In the laboratories."
(By ISary tiogan Tnoker.) :,
(Copyright, 1904, by W. R. Beant.)
w
IULE the world is beginning
to realise and appreciate the
rapid strides made by Japan
as a nation within, the last
half century, still, her women are far
from the summit of European civiliza
tion. , ' i
Tha men of the educated and progres
sive class of this island nation have
had' the benefit of the best universities
of 'Europe and America, gathering from
these nations fldeaa in every scienoe
Lta contribute to the plan for the regen
eration of . their people. Their 'efforts
for the elevation and betterment of their
women .-in- the social scale have been
fraught with great labor owing, to the
tenacity .with which the peasant class
cling to the superstitions of their Bud
dhist faith,', , ,
To overoom these old ideas 'and re
ligious customs has been a . great task
and one- 4n which their progress has
open stow, put. Tne , new . tnougm ana
the spirit -of liberty are abroad in their
land and . we ahall before many . years
see the ripened fruits of their labors. '
i Under the old system the women of
Japan Were taught , constant eel f -re
straint, a system of suppression of
thoughts, ideas, talents and affections.
No such thing aa Independence waa
ever known among her 'women." '"Tdung
girls were taught domestto arts and po
lite 'ceremonies of the home, wh-cn must
be performed always with a smiling face
under perhaps a most cordial dislike.
They roust be versed in all the arts
of etiquette in order to please and en
tertain, tne guests of the home or tea
house, "If , of thes latter. her -future
dopenda upon final ng a rich patron who
will buy her freedom from the proprie
tor to whom ahJK had been sold by her
parents. While taught the smallest de
tails of dainty, refined etiquette, music.
dancing, polite speech, a multitude of
songs, games,, and much of the litera
ture of the land, It waa ail for the pur
pose of pleasing and necessarily of a
superficial character, with no solid foun
dation, . building nothing for . the fu
ture.,'1? ...j; ,'.. ," ,,',. '
The most serious defect of this sys
tem was, while it cultivated the memory
and powers of Imitation and observation
to a remarkable degree and gave great
sicm and deftness to the - fingera. It
afforded little opportunity to the exer
cise of the reasoning powers.
This repression and restraint , which
has been the custom for generations, are
responsible for their courteous and dig
nified manners. - However, that which
seems so natural and attractive is really
learned alter a long course of train
ing. 'Vr, ; -.V-'-v.
The only virtues worthy of Imitation
in this respect ia the respect shown to
old age and the deference to parental
authority.. The latter, however, is car
ried to the extreme af entire exclusion
of any thoughts of a girl's happiness In
the plans for her future, Her husband
Is chosen without consultation, with her
when sh has reached the axe of 18.
and a simple toleration for, her future
nusoana is au mar. is expected of hen
Aiier marriage she becomes almost a
slave to her mother-in-law, who rules
the son's home, A wlfe.Js never regarded
in tne ngnt of a companion by a Japan
ese peasant She is simply a house
keeper., If of the higher class, some
honor Is shown her, and today these
conditions are rapidly changing among
the cultivated classes; . , v
A Japanese mother's life Is One of
constant devotion to her children. She
performs happily the duties given to
servants in this country.
jne nearest approach to aoualltv rt
the aexes in Japan ia among the farming
peasants, where the "women work side
by side with the men in the rice fields
and on the tea plantations, often knee
deep in water and mud, or -tolling all day
In the hot aun, ever aharlna event v the
heaviest labors with their husbands.
ji G00& NAME OF SCIENCE IMPERILED
f JteT. Thomas B. Ore gory.)
(Copyright. ' 1904, by W. B. Hearst)
OT only do false and unwarranted
assumptions of the name of sci
ence, as in the case of certain
organisations which seek to
cover with a nominal scientific mantle
proceedings that are diametrically op
posed to true scientlfio methods, tend to
bring science into disrepute in the popu
lar mind, but there is a still more seri
ous peril to the good name bf science
in such occurrences as. the terrible Dar
lington hotel collapse. '
Modern architecture, as illustrated in
steel buildings, is no longer art In any
sensor it has become pure practical sci
ence. The construction of such a build
ing is simply a feat of engineering. It
is not the outward embodiment of an
artist's dream, created with materials
supplied by nature for the purpose, and
involving only the simplest understand
lngof the law of gravitation to insure
its security, but It is a mathematical
skeleton, jointed and held in place and
made to stand upright-by virtue of a
profound study of forces and stresses
of which the uninitiated hava no con
ception. In short it Is the child of sci
ence, and not of art .- '.
AVe could not help this if we would.
The requirements of the age have
brought, about the change. The old
methods and the old. materials are not
sufficient for modern needs. What
specially concerns us is to see that sci
ence is fairly and truly represented In
the matter. In the case of the accident
on Forty-sixth street it is evident that
there was falsification or misrepresen
tation somewhere. . The , fall of that
building was a blow to scienoe, the ef
fects of which may be felt even after
the exposure of the culprit, or the cul
prits, hidden under her mantle. . It tends1
to diminish popular faith in her Infal
libility Yet she- was in no sense sit
fault, for, a steel-framed, building, if
scientific . principles ' are , strictly ob
served, can be made aa safe as the pyra
mlds. ; ", ' -
When a disaster happened with the
Old type of brick or atone structure
everybody could see at a glance where
the fault-lay, and nobody s confidence
n the strength of his own house was
thereby diminished. .The principles on
which the building was constructed were
as old aa history, and if they were vio
lated the violation! was patent to the
whole world. - But If a towering steel
giant tumbles Into ruins before It is fin
ished, technical science alone can point
out the source of weakness,' but even
when the demonstration has been made
U may not appear convincing to the lay
mind, which naturally distrusts what
t does not clear! K and familiarly un
derstand. There ia .thus a special call
upon science to guard -and, protect It
self if aha Is to retain the confidence
of the public One fallen mass of twist
TheWomen
of Japan
' As. one goes up the-social -scale the
social gap widens. At old. age . enjoys
an tne privileges among ;japanese wo-,
men, naturally they look forward to that
time in their Uvea aa one-full of pleas
ure, comrort ana nonor, ana one whicn
will free them from their dafly Ijfe of
bondage to their eldera, ' , .
I presume they often feel Ilka the
little boy; who when bullied, said, 'When
he was a man he would lick some other
fellow." ' K
At 38 their beauty disappears and
lines of suffering and disappointment
become fixed,' but. their voices remain
always cheerful and sympathetic.'1
Divorce, though permitted, is not of
frequent occurrence, for the reason the
children belong-ta the father, no mat
ter ho worthless he may . be. -
So few are the occupations opened for
women as yet that the wife has no-way
of earning a living, for herself' pr .child-.
ren. ,80 she endures silently the ,111a of
her unhappy lot r-.1 v'.f-1 1'..' .".
Today new. avenues are being opened
to the women of Japan which- wlll grad
ually bring about , liberty "and- inde
pendence in thought' and action: which
ill do, much ' toward; thelf -;dvelop
The empress and the educated Women
of the aristocratic -class of Japan have
been foremost in aiding and furthering
the work of advancement among the wo
men of the laboring classes or peasantry.
Schools have- been founded,', arts en
couraged: and 'every aid given to afford
a broader field of usefulness and thought
to her vomM .
The new law eradicating concubinage
among the nobility, debarring; sons born
of these .women from titles ;or Inheri
tance, has done much to' raise the stand
ard of women, and. in the future only
a son born of the lawful wife of the
Haws will be a great help in niacins- the
lawful wife where she belongs. It is
the change in the home life nd stand
ards which must liberate Japan.
The ladies attendant upon the empress
are very cultivated, well read in the lit
erature f their own country.', They are
foremost In the .work of the schools,
hospitals, asylums and training schools.
Educated women are found' today as
teachers, interpreters and trained nurses,
establishing rapidly the future position
of women of Japan, on a broader and
Ml IliV, .UUUUH L ,U M. 4 . ' ,
ins routaao, or 'emperor, -muisunuo,
1s 61 years old, ' He ascended the throne
at the age of 18 years, when his country
was closed to foreigners, he himself hav
ing never been outside the imperial gar
dens, and to him Japan owes much of
tho- progress she has made and the posi
tion she has attained among thd nations
of the world,.,.,,;- V-aVA:,.." . -
He gave to .Jifpan a constitution,
opened the gatea to foreigners, "bent the
urignioi youn men oi tne nation over
the world to study. Invited men of learn
ing m all parts of the world to come to
Japan to teach the people. In all this
work he Is ably aided and encouraged
by the empress. They have two child
ren, a son and a daughter. ; :
From an Insignificant power we have
seen Japan, In the life of one ruler, de
feat a great nation, and today she Is
crossing swords with another long con
sidered one of tbs greatest powers of
the world, If she can mi.;t such stride
in tne aeveiopmeni or ner mens ner wo
men will soon take the position hoped
for by her ruler, and her nation.
ed girders does her more harm than a
hundred wind-defying piles of super
posed stories can compensate for,
' And this leads to the Inquiry whether
there can be the least possible danger
of pollution near any of the sources
Of the great stream of practical science
which is now bearing the world Onward
In its mighty flow. I have been told
that In some schools of technical sci
ence there seems to be a tendency to
accept the dictates of the commercial
spirit, at least so far as concerns the
question how close the limit of safety
can be approached ln cutting down ex
pens to meet tha demands of competi
tion. Some students appear to be more
impressed by the teaching of methods
whereby money can be saved In engi
neering enterprises than by what may
be taught them concerning the neces
sity and the ethics of considering f lrst
of all tha excellence of the work.
There can ,'be:no question that the
spirit of our mechanical and commercial
civilisation, of which many of us are so
yiuuu, um vrer ivqii oi wnose xeaiures
a Chinaman might easily make us blush,
calls first and most insistently fori
cheapness, for quantity Instead of qual
ity. Put lAr th AVnia ti A .M. hfk
the profits. Is tha principle of action
most admired and demanded.
It Is the duty of science to set her 1
faoe,,llke flint against this tendency. It
is her duty especially because this is
emphatically her own age. She rules
the world now, and will continue to rule
it to lta vast betterment provided that
she successfully guards her good name
una proves io xne commonest, under
standing that her ways are really safer
than the ways that preceded thenu- J''
' " : WHAT! XV A VlUIt "
(With apologies) By R. Q, R.
"What's In a name?" the poet asks, .
And leaves : the world to ponder .
"What's In a name? echoes the world,
And stin we pause' and ponder. ,-;
I would not answer, tho 1 could, '
And cast a fling at others;
For, fair or foul tha names we hear,
i ne, waiter maae us brothers.
Yet, when I think of men with names,
Pronounced with prideful tones, .
It seems to me I know as good
Who call themselves Just "Jones," ' ;
v His Adjustable Platform. '
, From the Chicago Tribune.
Spokesman of Committee We have
come, sir, to ask you if you are In favor
of the eight-hour working day. '
Rising Statesman' Certainly I am In
favor of it, gentlemen, but I shall
h'm strongly oppose the principle that '
work shall be compulsory during those
hourr ,.. v . .. .--.