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THE CIRCULATION OF THE JOURNAL YESTERDAY WAS
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Sr - Ths WsatfcSM
, , Tonight and Saturday, partly
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'jpODAY'S News Today !
That ia what is making Ths Journal
the livest newspaper proposition in
Portland. '
winds.
VOL. IK NO. -297.
PORTLAND, OREGON, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY . 19, 1904.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
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Great Britain Believes That France
Has Not Observed Neutrality and
Makes Every Preparation.
RUSSIA'S REPLY IS VERY,
DISCOURAG
INC
in
stated That Secretary Hay's Request Has Been
Rejected by Czar in Which Case Compli
cations May Arise of Serious Purport
.London, Feb. , It, 4:30 p. in. Lloyd's this, afternoon are asking- a
premium of 30 per cent against an outbreak of an Anglo-French war
within the next three months. This high rate Is based on the fact that
France has cot given a formal declaration of neutrality, beyond a
vague statement by Deleasse. " Also, that ' France allowed . Russia to
use Jlbutll, in the French colony at the head, of theiRed sea, as a base for
'the rendezvous of the Russian. fleet This' isv decidedly contrary to the
usage of other neutral powers, and the. British foreign office 1 very un
asjr". rttrdto -th uttwlC wliUs rtli; dmtvaitfJbi...iFej)sxlnc for a
quick mobilisation la case of eventualities. v
In view Of all this -Oreat Britain has practically secured aft option
for the purchase of Ave Chilian war Teasels and is In other ways active
in putting herself on. great war basis. ,
THE BEAR: "WHAT SORT OF A NEST WAS THAT I STIRRED UP?"
Hetrolt Joornal.
wm o
(Journal Special SerricO
Tendon, Feb. 19. There is no disguis
ing the fact that there Is serious ap
prehension here that complications in
the far east may result in entangling all
European nations in a great war.
Conservatism marks the efforts of the
governments to appear neutral; but dis
turbing news is received from all quar
ters indicating a grave restlessness and
uneasiness among world powers. Francs
seems to think she is menaced In For
mosa by a large Japanese force, and is
said to have assigned troops to be ready
to protect her interests In that quarter.
China's attitude is of a decidedly ag
gressive nature, keeping diplomats
guessing, and with the absence of actual
Information frqm the seat of war it be
comes a source of great aggravation.
Russia, grim and silent. Is gathering
her strength like a tiger at bay to
spring at her antagonist, and the ulti
mate outcome of the struggle is a mat
ter of much conjecture.
- Both Francs and Germany, are active
In preparations for defense, snd Eng
land makes no secret of her effort to
put her army and navy on a war footing
ready for any emergency,
BUMta VMrXXBS TO MAT.
Contents of JToU " Hold sors But
Bumors Bay "Bo TaTorabls." v
' (Jouraal Special Service.)
Washington, Fcbr 19.-Russ1a's reply
to Secretary of State Hay's note was re
ceived at the state department this
morning but the officials decline to give
out any Information. It is rumored that
very unpleasant features are embodied
In the reply. As no cabinet meeting will
be held today, owing to Senator Hanna'a
funeral at Cleveland, no contemplated
action, by the United States can be
learned until tomorrow.
Stats officials late this afternoon said
the note is responsible so far as the
neutralization of China is concerned.
Its contents have been transmitted by
the State department to the govern
ments of China and Japan. It is not
believed that "Russia has accepted the
suggestions made by Secretary Hay; in
fact, it Is understood the reply la so
worded ss to smount to a practical re
jection of Secretary Hay's request. .
, (Continued on Page Three.)
ROCKEFELLER AFTER
THE PENNSYLVANIA
t (Hearst Special Serrtee.)
New York. Feb. 19. That John D.
.Rockefeller Is abetting1 the Gould Inter
ests and is striving to obtain control of
the Pennsylvania, rallroad, and will de
throne Alexander' Jr' Cassatt from its
presidency and thereby demolish the ex
isting barriers which' now prevent the
Wabash and allied Gould rosds from
gaining an outlet to the Atlantic sea
board, is declared sure by prominent
Wall street financiers)- who are- in a po
sition to know the inside of facts, and
who strongly refute the rumor that all
negotiations for an agreement between
the Pennsylvania and Gould-Rockefeller
Interests have been broken off.
The inspired denial is accompanied
by the statement that the Gould-Rockefeller
interests would have nothing to
gain , and perhaps much to lose by an
open rupture with President' Cassatt
just now. It la asserted that no such
rupture has or wM occur until the
Standard Oil king has obtained either a
controlling interest in the Pennsylvania
company, or can dominate enough prox
ies to force the retirement of President
Cassatt at the meeting of the rival In
terests st soms time yet to be decided.
ORES
(Journal Special Service.)
London, Feb. IS. A dispatch'
from Canton this afternoon says
that it is reported In official
circles that the Dowager Em
press of China is dead.
The empress was born in 183 4.
She hss been the most striking
figure in the history of the Man
chu dynasty. Her .career since
the death of heis husband, in
18(1. has been one of forceful
domination. There have been
two emperors in the "meantime,
but both were mere figureheads.
The first died in 1875. when she
proclaimed the 3-year-old son
of Prince Chun emperor and con
tinued with her rule.
Washington,-Feb. 19. No ad
vice has been. received-here st
the Chinese legation regarding 4
the empress death. Legation of
fleers discredit the report.
The death of ths Empress Tel' An,
of. China, will not interfere with the
New Tear celebration In Portland, unless
an edict to this effect 1 Issued from
the Chinese government. Seld Back Jr.,
In speaking of 'the supposed death of
the woman ruler, said:
'The death, if it Is so. Is' one of the
greatest blessings which hss come to
China In many years. The empress has
been an enemy to progress and enlight
enment. She was responsible for the
boxer movement. She has ruled with an
Iron hand and held the empire In dark
ness and fear. A new era ia now dawn
ing for the country. The emperor, who
will now rule, represents advancement
and modern ideas, which he will put in
practice. Heretofore his hands have
been tied."
txbzb saonam bbowvbo.
(Joaral Special Service.)
Vienna. Feb. 19. Narodny List! today
prints the report that two regiments
of Russisn pioneers snd one regiment
of railway troops have been drowned
crossing Lake Baikal. ,
CRITICISMS ON
WAR
SITUATION
From Hearst's Correspondent at Tokio and From
General Miles Come Expressions Gained by
Experience Near Scene of Action
(Hearst Special Serrlre.)
(By Pereival Phillips.)
Toklo, Feb. 19. Amazement over Rus
sia's Inaction is the prominent feeling
here. It was confidently expected that
the rupture in negotiations would be
followed by some swift and sure blow.
According to preconceived estimates of
Russian energy, educated Japanese ex
pected Russia to adapt Itself with light
ning rapidity to the needs of the situa
tion and that strong war measures, de
manding all the strength and resources
of Japan to combat them would follow
quickly.
On the contrary, Japanese secret service
men, report that nothing but bewilder
ment, apathy and disorganization exist
In Russia's far eastern domains. There
Is no fear that the Russian sloth will
lull the Japanese Into carelessness. Jap
anese leaders, civil and military from
the mikado down, know that the sleepy
colossus sooner or later will awake and
move. Japanese statesmen realize that
when Russia awakes the world will wit
ness a struggle never matched In mod
ern warfare.
The sinking of the Japanese merchant
man Nagaura with all on board is held
to be a wanton piece of Russian cruelty
and Japan will make reprisals. China
will be forced to uphold Its proclamation
of neutrality In' connection with harbor
ing the Russian gunboat Manjur at
Shanghai.
The reason that Japan Is making re
prisals for the sinking of the Nagoura Is
thus explained; .
"The steamship contained a number of
passengers many of them women and
children. This fact was known to the
Russians. Nevertheless they sunk the
steamship and all passengers were
drowned. None of the four Russian
cruisers lowered a boat. The scene wss
heartrending, according to the report of
passengers on the Zesso Man), which
escaped. Japan ia indignant over the
vseless cruelties."
(Hirt 8peeil BrrTlee.) .?
By Oca. JTelson A. ltUes.)
Washington, Feb. 19. Persistent effort
upon the part of Japan to destroy or In
flict serious Injury upon the Russian
fleet, taking advantage of the darkness
of night and the severity of cold storms
that frequently occur on the coast where
the naval operations are going on. In
dicate tlje purpose to clear the waters di
viding the island empire from the main
land. If possible, be Tore beginning any
extensive operations against the Russian
position. These tactics. If persistently
continued, must result In serious damage
to th Russian fleet or the destruction
of the torpedo fleet of Japan. Either
is' liable to occur whenever they come
together. There would be no explanation
for Russian gunners falling to destroy
the torpedo boats if the attacks are
made at a time when Russian decks are
free from Ice and machine and rapid-Are
guns could be- readily-and effectively
used. The destruction of Japan s tor
pedo boats would- be- a serious loss to
Its navy.
While the severity of winter and blind
ing storms may. be of some advantage
to the Japanese In their midnight at
tacks they are at the same time of some
advantage to the Russians In giving them
protection and making the movements
and efforts of their enemy most difficult.
Since the terrible disaster of Napoleon s
Srmy nearly 100 years ago it has been
said that January, February and March
are Russia's three best generals.
To move an army, across an extensive
body of waer with the possibility of
the enemy's battleships cutting ofT its re
treat or. source of supplies or the war
ships getting among their transports and
supply ships and creating destruction
Is one of the most hazardous movements
In military operations. Therefore the
delay of the Japanese moving Its most
formidable srmy from its' own territory
to Korea or Manchuria is no doubt caused
by the possibility up to the present time
of being able to cripple, the Russian navy
and the difficulty of sustaining an army
In the cold weather at this season of
the. year.
HAL OF
Republicans Admit That)
Helpful Legislation Will
Not Be Enacted. .
APPROPRIATIONS ONLY)
Laboring Classes Must Content Them
selves With No Mention of
. Eight-Hour Law or Anti
Injunction Act.
SENATOR
(journal Special SerTlce.)
Cleveland, Feb. 19. The remains of
Senator Marcus A. Hanna were laid to
rest In the chapel vault' today. Not
since the fqneral of President McKIrt
ley has there been such an expression
and signs of mourning. At 9 o'clock a
special train arrived from Washington
bearing the congressional delegation and
many prominent officials.
In compliance with Herrick's procla
mation and the mayor's request, all
streetcars, machine shops and industries
generally stopped for Ave minutes, be
ginning at ,1 o'clock. Shortly before
that time the body was removed from
the Chamber of Commerce, where it had
been viewed by 60,000 people, and was
taken to St. Paul's church under police
and military escort- -Tha- streets were
again lined with -a multitude with bared
heads. Admittance to. the church was
by card. The mourners were followed
Into the church by the governor and his
staff and the congressional delegations.
The church was filled almost entirely
by delegations from the state legislature
and the different orders to which'. the
senator belonged, and. by members of the
(Continued on Page Three.)
(tVasnlngton Bureau of The Joaraal)
Washington. Feb. 19. "There is n
anxiety among members for any great
public measure," declared Representav
tlve Dalzell of Pennsylvania, the-Re
publican spokesman for the rules com"
mlttee of the house today, saying that
only appropriation bills would bs
reached at this time.
"I believe that we can finish bef org -April
1," he continued.
This startling declaration from one ot
the Republican leaders exposes the Re
publican Intent" to do nothing at this
session.
"Do-nothing congress." the term ap
plied to H4y the Democrats, is .very
appropriate, and the Democratic chargs
that the Republicans would fall to enact
adequate anti-trust leglMlatlon, as well
as many measures of vital importance to
the laboring masses, such as an eight--hour
and an antl-lnjunctlon. bill, la prac
tlcally admitted by Mr. Dalzell.
The Republicans are rushing .appro
priation bills through ths house with ths
velocity of the wind. They desire to
have the calendar-cleared so that an '
early adjournment will leave them with,
a free hand to patch up their political
fences. - ',
Their plan is to go before the coun
try with the plea- that the conditions
that now exist cannot be improved upon,
that labor is satisfied with Its lot, that
Illegal trusts have been driven to death,
and that the tariff does not need re-
vision.- - :
OREGON DELEGATION
ACTIVE AT CAPITAL
- (Washington Bar- of Tk Journal.) -Washington,
Feb. 19.- The postofflcs
department, on the recommendation of
Representative Williamson, has decided
upon the appointment of A. C. Degal as
postmaster at Huntington, Or., , to sue
ceed Mr. ..Llghtner, the present lncum-
bent. -.t .;J , v. -
CommisslonerntUchards ot the 'general
land office has suggested to the Oregon,
delegation that It recommend a succes
sor to Supervisor Isenberg of the north- ,
ern division' of the Cascade forest re'
serve, who Is under' suspension snd, ln
vesttgation. ' ''-'.
"ELIJAH" RECEIVES
SEVERE TREATMENT
(Hrarat Special Serrlee.)
Sydney. N. 8. W., FebV 19. -John Alex
ander Dowie started for Melbourne last
night after receiving what he declared
to be the worst treatment of his life.
"Phophet Elijah's" meetings in the town
hall were compelled to suspend, al
though admission to the hall was by
ticket only and a large force of police
and disciples were present to prevent
disorder, but a mob gathered in Dowle's
hotel after the meeting. '
One night Dowie, fearing to return to
his hotel, spent the night In a carriage
driving through the streets. Finally hs
took refuge in a hotel In a distant sub
urb of the city. In last night's meet
ing Elijah declared that politicians wer
like a deck of cards, in that the mors
Oiey were shuffled the dirtier they be--Ame.
Mr. Willis, a member of parlia
ment, protested, whereupon Rev WIlotT
Vollva, leader of the Australian Zion
ists, threatened that if : Willis did not
keep quiet he would have his ears slit.
Mr. Willis cauued Vollva's arrest
Melbourne promises to treat Joha
Alexander worse than did Sydney, -i
AN AMERICAN EXPERT MSCUSSES RUSSIA'S NA VY FROM ALL STANDPOINTS
.. '(Juroal Special 8ervlce.) - v
Washington, D. C, Feb; 19. General
Miles, on the occasion of his European
tour several years ago, and several other
American military men also, have had
the privilege of becoming personally 'Ac
quainted with Russia n army men and
methods by attending maneuvers, ' re,
views, etc in the land of the csar. Very'
few American naval officers, however,
profess to have an Intimate oc expert
knowledge of the Russian navy. It has
always been-. the policy of Russia to
work under cover, and foreigners havs
had little opportunity to acquaint them
selves with, the details regarding ths
growth and development of; her navy,'
An American naval officer of wide esW
perience In his profession has-Just re
turned to Washington after the comple
tion of a period of duty on the Paclfia
station, which service brought him ' in
close contact with Russian ships snd
men and , afforded an opportunity for '
many interesting observations. A re
sult of these observations and of a
knowledge previously gained by a study
of the subject is embodied in the follow
ing Interesting statement regarding ths
.Russian navy, Its foreign origin, its offl-
' cers, seamen and discipline:
"In endeavoring to estimate the value
of the Russian navy on the personal
Side, it is well to remember that it was
not Indigenous to' tha soil. The czars,
from Peter the Great to the present
ruler, havs experienced great difficulty
In finding efficient seamen. The Rue-
.'sians, in general, have an aversion to
the sea, and ths long winters In ths
Baltic ars an additions! Impediment to
the learning of the seamen's art. In
ths esrly history of ths Russian navy
the. most prominent part wss played by
English., and Scotch officers many of
them Jacobites, who took service with
ths Russians. '
"Russian officers of tne present day,
so far as can be estimated, are of two
classes. Boras of them, like Admiral
Mukaroff. -are men of science snd of
professional discernment; and doubtless
of efficient qualities. , Tnese give, a very
v favorable impression,: and do not In gen
eral differ much from .our own offlfera..
Others are of a mors lethargic class,
probably hot lacking in courage, but
showing little alertness, and much given
to vodka drinking. In such men there
, must bs soms strain of coarseness or
even brutality, and the fact- that every
officer, and even petty officer, -can punish
any man of lower rank, and does., so.
may account for the atmosphere of
severity marked In some Russisn ships.
Many experts hold the opinion, that a
considerable number of the officers ars
Incompetent. They have the exclusive
patrlotiam of ths Russian, and how
ever genial they may bs to foreign vis
itors, they never admit them to -any
really intimate friendship, and are re
luctant to discuss service matters. -The
- smartness of the American officer- Is
.- rarely found 'in them, and some of them '
' are slovsnly.1! 1 V' i'
' "Russisn sailors are conscripts, serv
ing seven years on the active list and
three In the reserve, and they are Or
ganized in 'equipages' in each of which ,
the company of a battleship, is the nuc
leus, ths men of smaller, vessels making
additional . companies. There Is com- '
paratiVely little sea training, and hts
organisation is an attempt to carry on
the sea work on shore, Ths man , is
generally for, of course, here sre ex- .
ceptlons of a far lower level than his
-Afnerlcsn or Britlth. confreres. The tub
is Utile known cf him in many ships,
squalid dirt is his element, and his -room
Is often more desirable than his com
pany: The Russian navy has made
enormous advances in the last few
years, but still the old influences exist.
There Is still the despotic power, still
the men sre cowed by Its exercise, and
still their personal condition leaves much
to be desired. They are apt to be slug- n
gish, but there Is something of religious .
fervor In them, and they may bef ex
pected to act snd fight with coursas and '
endurance, if with ? little Initiative in
handling arms and, machinery.'1 . -i v '
"Probably the darkest spot In the ststs
of the Russian navy is the severity of . ,
its punishments. A Story is told thst;
within comparatively recent years, the"
whole company of a flagship, officers snd .
men. were deported to the Siberian mines -for
mutinous conduct. British officers v..
havs told me Of meetings with Russian
ships in, ports, of evidences of hard
treatment, of ths Russian ships putting
to sea and returning with a man or less,
who had been hung at the yardarm for
the example of his shipmates.
"it is commonly stated that Russian
officers have been known to knock their
men down. They are certainly able to
order the lash a commander li strokes,
a captain 23. and the - captain of sn
'equipage 80. Tha system is S. rigid
one, snd contributes little to the crea-
tlon - Of esprit de eorps ' or confidence
and a good understanding between offi
cers -and men. lif -short, the code Is
' still .harsh and cruel, and cannot be
without a reacting Jnfluetire on the rhar
actera both of officers snd men. There
must be severity in every navy, but lh
peculiar character of Russian mrsMiin's
seems to indicate that. In this mmtrr M
least, the navy is a eentuiy b'-hlmt ihnt
Of the tnlted States or Great Hrit.iln. '
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